Timeline of Monrovia

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Monrovia, Liberia.

19th century[edit]

1822
- April: Settlement of Christopolis established by the American Colonization Society in Pepper Coast area.^[1]
- Providence Baptist Church founded.^[2][1][2]
1824 - Settlement renamed "Monrovia" named after United States president James Monroe.^[3]
1826 - Liberia Herald newspaper begins publication.^[2]
1839 - Monrovia Seminary founded.
1847
- June 25: Constitutional Convention held in Monrovia to discuss creation of the state of Liberia.^[1]
- July 26: Monrovia becomes part of newly formed Republic of Liberia.^[1]
- October 5: First Liberian general election held.
- Monrovia becomes seat of newly formed Montserrado County.
1853 - Photographer Augustus Washington in business.
1862 - Supreme Court building constructed.^[4]
1863
- Liberia College opens.
- Trinity Church consecrated.[3]
1867 - Masonic Order of Liberia organized in Monrovia.
1872 - January 1: Inauguration of Liberian president Joseph Roberts (second term).^[5]
1890s - Masonic Temple (Monrovia) [de] built.
1892 - Arthur Barclay becomes mayor.

20th century[edit]

1904 - College of West Africa active.
1918 - Battle of Monrovia.
1920 - Population: 6,000 (estimate).^[6]
1940s - West Point settlement formed.
1940 - Population: 12,000.^[2]
1943 - Invincible Eleven football club formed.
1945 - Gbarnga-Monrovia highway constructed.[4]
1947 - Centennial Pavilion [de] erected.
1948 - Freeport of Monrovia begins operating on nearby Bushrod Island.
1951
- Liberia Chamber of Commerce headquartered in city.^[7]
- University of Liberia active.
1954
- University's Louis Arthur Grimes School of Law opens.
- Monrovia Elementary School built.^(de)
1956 - Nathan C. Ross becomes mayor.^[8]
1958 - Capitol building constructed.^[9]
1960 - Ducor Hotel in business.
1961 - September: Labor strike held.^[1]
1962
- Liberian National Museum established on Providence Island [sv].^[4]
- Population: 80,992.^[10]
1964
- Executive Mansion (presidential residence) built.^[9]
- National Cultural Centre created in nearby Kendeja, Paynesville.^[4]
1965 - Temple of Justice built.
1970s - Saint Paul Bridge (Monrovia) [de] built over Saint Paul River.^{[citation needed]}
1970 - Population: 96,226.^[11]
1971 - John F. Kennedy Medical Center opens.
1974 - Seat of Montserrado County moved from Monrovia to Bensonville.
1976 - People's Bridge built over Mesurado River.
1977 - Liberian Center for National Documents and Records headquartered in Monrovia.
1979
- July: Organisation of African Unity meeting held at Hotel Africa in nearby Virginia.
- "Civil unrest."^[12]
1980
- April 12: 1980 Liberian coup d'état; president Tolbert assassinated in the Presidential Palace. Subsequent unrest occurs.^[12]
- Monrovia Black Star FC (football club) formed.
1981 - Liberian Observer newspaper begins publication.
1984 - Population: 421,053.^[13]
1986 - Samuel Kanyon Doe Sports Complex opens.
1990
- May 13: Barclay Training Center [de] besieged on Capitol Hill during the First Liberian Civil War.
- July: Independent National Patriotic Front of Liberia "seized control in part of the capital."^[1]
- July: Massacre [de] at St. Peter's Lutheran church in Sinkor.^[14]
- August 24: Peacekeeping forces of Economic Community of West African States Monitoring Group begin operating.^[12]
- September 9: Assassination of president Doe.^[12]
1997 - STAR radio begins broadcasting.
1998 - 1998 Monrovia clashes.^[12]
1999 - Red Cross Monument (Monrovia) [de] erected on Broad Street.^{[citation needed]}
2000 - Daily Talk news chalkboard launched.

21st century[edit]

2001 - Ophelia Hoff Saytumah becomes mayor.
2003
- April: Women of Liberia Mass Action for Peace begins demonstrating.
- July 18–August 14: Siege of Monrovia occurs during the Second Liberian Civil War.^[15]
2004 - October: "Riots in Monrovia."^[15]
2006 - July: Government "switches on generator-powered street lights in the capital, which has been without electricity for 15 years."^[15]
2008 - Population: 970,824 urban agglomeration.^[16]
2009 - Mary Broh becomes mayor.
2011 - Zolu-Duma-Bridge [de] built.
2012 - Coconut Plantation settlement razed.^[17]
2013 - Henry Reed Cooper becomes mayor.
2014
- Ebola virus epidemic in Liberia occurs.
- Clara Doe-Mvogo becomes mayor.
2015 - George M. Weah becomes Senator of Montserrado County.
2017 - George M. Weah elected president.
2018 - First Presidential transition occurred since 1944.

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "Liberia". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. pp. 228–234. ISBN 0203409957.
^ ^a ^b ^c D. Elwood Dunn; et al. (2001). Historical Dictionary of Liberia (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-1-4616-5931-0.
^ "History of Liberia: A Time Line". Washington DC: U.S. Library of Congress. Retrieved August 27, 2017.
^ ^a ^b ^c Girma Kidane (1982), Liberia: the National Museum (PDF), Technical Report, Unesco
^ "Inauguration Day at Monrovia", African Repository, vol. 48, Washington DC: American Colonization Society, 1872, hdl:2027/mdp.39015027750564, From the (Liberia) Lone Star
^ "Liberia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via HathiTrust.
^ "Liberia: Directory". Africa South of the Sahara 2004. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 1857431839.
^ Haiti Sun, Port-au-Prince, September 16, 1962, p. 6 – via University of Florida{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ ^a ^b "Monrovia". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved August 26, 2017.
^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.
^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1980. New York. pp. 225–252.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Zeleza 2003.
^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2000. United Nations Statistics Division.
^ Troops massacre 600: Monrovia, Liberia, United Press International, July 30, 1990
^ ^a ^b ^c "Liberia Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 10 June 2011. Retrieved August 26, 2017.
^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2015. United Nations Statistics Division. 2016.
^ "Demolitions ravage Liberia neighbourhoods", Aljazeera.com, August 27, 2012

This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia.

Bibliography[edit]

Johann Büttikofer (2013) [1890]. "Monrovia". In Henk Dop; Phillip Robinson (eds.). Travel Sketches from Liberia: Johann Büttikofer's 19th Century Rainforest Explorations in West Africa. Brill. pp. 35–54. ISBN 978-90-04-23630-1. (written in 1870s-1880s). 1890 German edition
Merran Fraenkel (1964). Tribe and Class in Monrovia. London. OCLC 3061240.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Paul Tiyambe Zeleza; Dickson Eyoh, eds. (2003). "Monrovia, Liberia". Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century African History. Routledge. ISBN 0415234794.
Kevin Shillington, ed. (2005). "Monrovia". Encyclopedia of African History. Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 978-1-57958-245-6.
Danny Hoffman (2007). "City as Barracks: Freetown, Monrovia, and the Organization of Violence in Postcolonial African Cities". Cultural Anthropology. 22 (3): 400–428. doi:10.1525/can.2007.22.3.400. JSTOR 4497779.
Urcun Aude; et al. (2010). "Gouvernance 'non souveraine' et régulation des services de l'eau à Monrovia (Liberia)". Revue Tiers Monde [fr] (in French). 203 (203): 159. doi:10.3917/rtm.203.0159 – via Cairn.info.
Kwame Anthony Appiah; Henry Louis Gates, eds. (2010). "Monrovia". Encyclopedia of Africa. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195337709.

External links[edit]

"(Monrovia)". AfricaBib.org. (Bibliography)
"(Monrovia)". Internet Library Sub-Saharan Africa. Germany: Frankfurt University Library. (Bibliography)
"(Monrovia)". Connecting-Africa. Leiden, Netherlands: African Studies Centre. (Bibliography)
Items related to Monrovia, various dates (via Europeana) (Images, etc.)
Items related to Monrovia, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America) (Images, etc.)
"Monrovia, Liberia". BlackPast.org. United States. 8 October 2014.
U.S. Library of Congress, Prints & Photographs division. Images related to Monrovia

[Europa2001-1] "Liberia". Political Chronology of Africa. Political Chronologies of the World. Europa Publications. 2001. pp. 228–234. ISBN 0203409957.

[Dunn2001-2] D. Elwood Dunn; et al. (2001). Historical Dictionary of Liberia (2nd ed.). Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-1-4616-5931-0.

[LC-timeline-3] "History of Liberia: A Time Line". Washington DC: U.S. Library of Congress. Retrieved August 27, 2017.

[Kidane1982-4] Girma Kidane (1982), Liberia: the National Museum (PDF), Technical Report, Unesco

[5] "Inauguration Day at Monrovia", African Repository, vol. 48, Washington DC: American Colonization Society, 1872, hdl:2027/mdp.39015027750564, From the (Liberia) Lone Star

[6] "Liberia". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368440 – via HathiTrust.

[Europa2004-7] "Liberia: Directory". Africa South of the Sahara 2004. Regional Surveys of the World. Europa Publications. 2004. ISBN 1857431839.

[8] Haiti Sun, Port-au-Prince, September 16, 1962, p. 6 – via University of Florida{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[britannica-9] "Monrovia". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved August 26, 2017.

[10] "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966. pp. 140–161.

[11] United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office. "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1980. New York. pp. 225–252.

[FOOTNOTEZeleza2003-12] Zeleza 2003.

[13] "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2000. United Nations Statistics Division.

[14] Troops massacre 600: Monrovia, Liberia, United Press International, July 30, 1990

[bbc-timeline-15] "Liberia Profile: Timeline". BBC News. 10 June 2011. Retrieved August 26, 2017.

[16] "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 or more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 2015. United Nations Statistics Division. 2016.

[17] "Demolitions ravage Liberia neighbourhoods", Aljazeera.com, August 27, 2012

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19th century[edit]

20th century[edit]

21st century[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Bibliography[edit]

External links[edit]