Wikipedia:Main Page history/2013 July 14

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Gospel of the Ebionites is the conventional name given to an apocryphal gospel believed to have been used by a Jewish Christian sect known as the Ebionites. All that is known of the gospel consists of seven brief quotations found in a heresiology known as the Panarion, written by Epiphanius of Salamis (pictured); he believed it to be a truncated and modified version of the Gospel of Matthew. The quotations were used as part of a polemic to point out inconsistencies in the beliefs and practices of the Ebionites relative to Nicene orthodoxy. The text is a gospel harmony of the Synoptic Gospels, composed in Greek with various changes reflecting the writer's theology. It is believed to have been composed some time during the middle of the 2nd century. Distinctive features include the absence of the virgin birth and genealogy of Jesus, an Adoptionist Christology in which Jesus is chosen to be God's Son at the time of his Baptism, Jesus' appointed task of abolishing the Jewish sacrifices, and an advocacy of vegetarianism. Although the gospel was said to be used by "Ebionites" during the time of the early church, the identity of the group or groups that used it remains a matter of conjecture. (Full article...)

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In the news

Six people are killed in a passenger train derailment (aftermath pictured) in Brétigny-sur-Orge, France, outside Paris.

A Canadian team wins the Sikorsky Prize for creating a human-powered helicopter.

In Luxembourg, the government of Prime Minister Jean-Claude Juncker falls following a secret service scandal.

Widespread flooding in China causes at least 46 deaths and the evacuation of more than 220,000 people.

Ten bombs are detonated at one of the holiest sites in Buddhism, the Mahabodhi Temple complex in India, injuring five people.

A runaway fuel train derails in Lac-Mégantic, Quebec, killing at least thirty-three people and destroying at least thirty buildings in the town's core.

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On this day...

July 14: Bastille Day in France (1789); National Day of Commemoration in Ireland (2013)

756 – Emperor Xuanzong fled the Tang capital Chang'an as An Lushan's forces advance toward the city during the An Lushan Rebellion.

1769 – Spanish soldier Gaspar de Portolá led the first European land expedition to present-day California.

1933 – With the enactment of the Law for the Prevention of Hereditarily Diseased Offspring, the Nazi Party began its eugenics program.

1965 – The NASA spacecraft Mariner 4 flew past Mars, collecting the first close-up pictures of another planet.

2003 – In an effort to discredit U.S. Ambassador Joseph C. Wilson, who had written an article critical of the 2003 invasion of Iraq, Washington Post columnist Robert Novak revealed that Wilson's wife Valerie Plame (pictured) was a CIA "operative".

More anniversaries: July 13 – July 14 – July 15

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Today's featured picture

Virasat-e-Khalsa is a museum located in Anandpur Sahib, Punjab, India, which was inaugurated on 25 November 2011 and consists of two complexes, one at each side of a ravine, connected by a bridge. It is intended to commemorate both 500 years of Sikh history and 300 years of the Khalsa (the collective body of all initiated Sikhs).

Photograph: Sanyam Bahga; edit: Ottojula

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