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Vladislav F. Ribnikar

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Vladislav Franc Ribnikar
Native name
Владислав Франц Рибникар
Born(1871-11-13)13 November 1871
Trstenik, Principality of Serbia
Died1 September 1914(1914-09-01) (aged 42)
Sokolska planina, Carina, Kingdom of Serbia
Resting placeDormition of the Most Holy Mother of God Serbian Orthodox Church, Pecka
OccupationJournalist, editor
Alma materUniversity of Belgrade
Notable worksFounder of Politika
SpouseMilica Čolak-Antić
Children
  • Danica Nana
  • Jovanka Vesa
RelativesDarko F. Ribnikar (brother)
Military career
Allegiance Kingdom of Serbia
Battles / wars

Vladislav Franc Ribnikar (Serbian Cyrillic: Владислав Франц Рибникар; 13 November 1871 – 1 September 1914) was a Serbian journalist, known for founding Politika, the oldest Serbian daily. He led the newspaper from the day it was founded in 1904 until his death in combat during the First World War.[1]

Early life and education

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Vladislav Franc Ribnikar was born in Trstenik, Serbia in 1871, the oldest of three sons of a Slovene doctor, Franc Ribnikar from Carniola and his Serbian wife Milica Srnić from Kostajnica.[2]

Ribnikar went to school in Jagodina and Belgrade. He studied history of philosophy at the University of Belgrade Faculty of Philosophy from 1888 to 1892. After graduation he continued his education in France where he received his master's degree from the Sorbonne in Paris then Berlin to study at the Humboldt University on a state scholarship.[2]

Launching Politika

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The coup d'état of May 1903 which saw the end of the Obrenović dynasty in Serbia stopped him from finishing his PhD but the arrival of the Karadjordjevic dynasty to the throne brought democracy and freedom of the press for the first time in Serbia.[3] Vladislav F. Ribnikar influenced by his experience in France and Germany decided to launch the first independent Serbian newspaper.[2]

Ribnikar's wife, Milica "Milka" Čolak-Antić, a member of the Čolak-Antić family, daughter of Lt Colonel Lazar Čolak-Antić and descendant of renowned Vojvoda from the First Serbian uprising Čolak-Anta Simeonović, also believed in the need for an independent newspaper and invested her personal fortune into the endeavour. The idea to create an independent newspaper, without links to any of the political parties, was a novel idea in Serbia. as no one thought that an independent newspaper could survive without help from a political party, in addition there were already eleven daily party-oriented newspapers at the time.[2] The first issue of Politika came out on 25 January 1904 with 2,450 copies printed,[4] In only a few years it managed to become the most important daily in Serbia.[5]

After studying in his native Svilajnac and Belgrade, following his graduation in Germany at the universities in Jena and Berlin, Ribnikar's younger brother Darko (1878–1914) and another brother Slobodan, a doctor, also joined Politika.[6]

Death

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Front page of Politika announcing the death of Vladislav Ribnikar

As a reserve officer of the Royal Serbian Army, Ribnikar participated in the 1912–13 Balkan Wars, he was wounded twice, near Odrin (1912) and near Bregalnica (1913).[7] After the outbreak of the First World War, he was once again called back to active duty. Ribnikar was killed in action on 1 September 1914 in western Serbia, in the Sokolska planina mountain; only a day after his youngest brother Darko, reserve captain and editor-in-chief of Politika, had been killed by an enemy shell on the front line at Ravno Brdo.[8] On 2 September 1914, Politika announced the death of its founder with a large banner headline.[8] After the death of the Ribnikar brothers, Vladislav's wife, Milica Čolak-Antić Ribnikar, became the pillar of Politika selling the family jewellery to revive the newspaper. In order to raise more money, she sold the family estate in Dedinje, Belgrade, to Regent Aleksandar Karadjordjević, the land where the Serbian royal residence, the White Palace, was later built.[9]

Legacy

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  • On the occasion of the death of the Ribnikar brothers, Isidora Sekulić wrote a poem published in Politika of September 1914.[8]
  • In Trstenik, a "Ribnikar Day" (Ribnikarevi dani) is organized in his honour.[10]
  • Vladislav Ribnikar has a street named after him in Trstenik.[11]
  • Vladislav Ribnikar has a school named after him in Belgrade, Serbia. There occurred a tragic school shooting on 3 May 2023, at Vladislav Ribnikar Model Elementary School in the Vračar municipality of Belgrade. The shooter, identified as a 13-year-old Kosta Kecmanović, opened fire on pupils and staff, resulting in the deaths of ten individuals, including nine pupils and a security guard. Six others, five pupils and a teacher, also sustained injuries.[12][13][14]

Personal life

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Ribnikar's daughter Danica, married British spy and career diplomat Sir John S. Bennett in 1943.[15]

References

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  1. ^ Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts (7 February 1905). "Ribnikar, Franc (1840–1905)". Slovenian biography (in Slovenian).
  2. ^ a b c d Serbian Studies (in German). North American Society for Serbian Studies. 2002. p. 151.
  3. ^ Norris, D.A. (2008). Belgrade: A Cultural History. Cityscapes (Hardcover). Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-537608-1.
  4. ^ Milivojević, D. (1984). Politika – a witness of our time (in Serbian). Narodna knjiga. p. 15.
  5. ^ Stoković, Ž.K. (1975). Press in SFRY: 1945–1973: material for the history of the press (in Serbian). Jugoslovenski institut za novinarstvo. p. 78.
  6. ^ Avramović, M.; Bjelica, M. (1992). Two Centuries of Serbian Journalism (in Serbian). Institut za novinarstvo. p. 75. ISBN 9788681371046.
  7. ^ Slovenska akademija znanosti (7 February 1905). "Ribnikar, Franc (1840–1905)". Slovenska biografija (in Slovenian).
  8. ^ a b c Bukvić, Bukvić (30 July 2018). "Brothers Vladislav and Darko Ribnikar, founders of Politika killed". Politika Online (in Serbian).
  9. ^ Universität, Graz. "The Balkans. 1860–1950". Austrian Centre for Digital Humanities.
  10. ^ Stanković, Р. (20 November 2014). "Ribnikar's mountaineering days". Politika Online (in Serbian).
  11. ^ "Trstenik cherishes the memory of Vladislav Ribnikar". Politika Online (in Serbian).
  12. ^ Gregory, James; Maricic, Slobadan (3 May 2023). "Belgrade shooting: Teen made 'kill list' for Serbia school attack". BBC. Retrieved 18 November 2024.
  13. ^ "UŽIVO Ispred škole na Vračaru: Nastavnici se bore za život, osmoro mrtvih, roditelji i deca plaču". Telegraf (in Serbian). 3 May 2023. Archived from the original on 3 May 2023. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
  14. ^ "Ovo je dečak koji je pucao u školi, ubio 8 drugara, čuvara i teško ranio nastavnicu istorije". Telegraf (in Serbian). 3 May 2023. Archived from the original on 3 May 2023. Retrieved 3 May 2023.
  15. ^ Bokan, D. (2008). Politika: mit, hronika, enciklopedija (in Croatian). Politika. p. 54. ISBN 978-86-7607-091-6. Retrieved 4 July 2023.
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