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Nazi architecture (German: Architektur in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus) describes the architecture, urban planning, and construction projects during the National Socialist era as a particular German design style.

period style of Neoclassicism , the Homeland Security Architecture and the designated outside Germany Style traditionalism . Beyond the representative power architecture appeared several constructional and architectural developments in altered form continues through the end of the war also.

Architecture describes construction projects, architecture and urban planning in the time of national socialism as a German design of the styles spread in this time of neoclassicism, the homeland security architecture and the style of traditionalism, known outside of Germany. Several structural and architectural developments lived on the end of the war in altered form.

Nazi architecture is the architecture of the Third Reich, 1933-1945. It is characterized by three forms: a stripped-down NeoClassicism (typified by the designs of Albert Speer); a vernacular style that drew inspiration from traditional rural architecture, especially alpine; and a utilitarian style followed for major infrastructure projects and industrial or military complexes. Nazi ideology took a pluralist attitude to architecture; however, Hitler himself believed that form should follow function and wrote against "stupid imitations of the past".[1]

In a totalitarian system such as existed in Nazi Germany from 1933 to 1945, the government attempted to control every aspect of daily life. One of the chief aims of Nazi architecture was to reflect the beliefs of National Socialism, celebrate the German national identity, and glorify the idea of the so-called "Aryan" race.

There was no official Nazi architectural style although most of the structures and monuments designed by Albert Speer and were meant to echo Imperial Rome. Hitler was an admirer of the Roman Empire and imagined himself to be creating a realm which would first rival and then surpass them. The Nazis, who dismissed much of the customary decoration and used only the raw, muscular elements, exaggerated the classical Roman style, which portrayed their ideal image of a strong, warlike state. This was known as stripped classicism and was not only used in Germany, but was relatively popular in other countries as well in the inter war period.DARKROAST

Hitler clearly saw buildings as propaganda, which he called “the word in stone.” They were to be designed to impress. Munich was the headquarters of the party and received a major share of his architectural interest.

General

The rulers and their architects and planners claimed, a "Nazi style to have developed" based on the inherited fundus European construction typology and morphology. At the same time, in the broadest context contemporary trends and personal suggestions of the German were dictator Adolf Hitler processed. Characteristic was the unofficial rejection of " modernity " as the Bauhaus embossed style was called. This rejection z. B. manifested itself in the prohibition of the Bauhaus and the expulsion of its representatives. In the propaganda going back to the Bauhaus in the 1920s sober, simple, functionalist design language was as soulless, called "kulturbolschewistisch" and "un-German". Völkische elements, as in the Thingspiel movement and especially 1933-1935 built thingsteads came preferable in the early days of the regime for carrying and can also be found in the SS architecture of Nazi Ordensburgen again. Moreover, the greater involvement of was landscaping - and nature emphasized in architectural planning and partly - as personified by Alwin Seifert - implemented.

Paul Schultze-Naumburg , the main representative of the Homeland Security Architecture , however, fell in 1935 with Hitler in disgrace. To "star architect of the Third Reich " was Albert Speer with a neo-classical, modern elements receiving such traditional architectural ideas and shapes citing design language and a rationalized construction technology. On technical and industrial equipment also understood the architecture of National Socialism the commandment of functionality as a sign of technological progress. Christoph Hackelsberger compared the formal language of the Atlantic Wall with expressionist architecture. A dogmatic "coordination" of building the Third Reich did not take place, but expressed rather by ignoring differing architects in large state-building contract award. Some private and industrial buildings directed so well after 1933 or after the style of international modernism.

After Weihsmann six formal aesthetic trends within the construction sectors can be identified:

• Neo-classicism: for propaganda, heads of State and party structures,
• Homeland Security style: for settlement building and order castles,
• Modernism for residential and administrative buildings,
• functionalism for barracks, army buildings and industrial administration buildings,
• functionalism for sports buildings and stadiums
• New objectivity for technical, industrial and factory buildings.

In the formal appearances, no uniform doctrine of art is to find a specific urban planning doctrine had been unmistakable Walker according to. Realized projects were, for example,

• Party and Government buildings
• Places of worship (thing sites, for example, in Heidelberg)
• Schools and districts for the political and military elite
• Urban, large facility and transport planning
• Dorf(UM)Gestaltung relating to "Home care"
• Settlement plans for to if developed, would new settlement areas in the "greater German Empire"
• Homes of the Hitler Youth and other NS communities
• Industrial buildings and infrastructure (Imperial highways, bridges, dams)

Even painters with architectural ambitions, Adolf Hitler measured the size of a period at the testimonies of their culture, the bigger they were, the sublime was his view that epoch. Characteristic of the importance which Hitler admitted the architecture, were his words during the first architecture and art exhibition in the "Haus der Deutschen Kunst" in Munich on January 22, 1938:

Wenn Völker große Zeiten innerlich erleben, so gestalten sie diese Zeiten auch äußerlich. Ihr Wort ist dann überzeugender als das gesprochene. Es ist das Wort aus Stein!

— Adolf Hitler

"When peoples experience a great era inwardly, they also shape these times externally. Their word is then more persuasive than the spoken word. It is the word in stone!" -Adolf Hitler

General Translation 2

The leaders and their architects and planners claimed to have developed a "Nazi style" on the basis of the inherited collection of European typology and morphology. At the same time, contemporary trends, as well as personal suggestions of the German dictator Adolf Hitler have been processed in the broadest context. The officious rejection of "modernism" was characterised by, as the style of the Bauhaus was called. This opposition manifested itself E.g. in the banning of the Bauhaus and the expulsion of its representatives. In the propaganda was the sober dating back to the Bauhaus in the 1920s, simple, functionalist design language as soulless, "cultural Bolshevik" and referred to "UN-German". Nationalist elements, as the thing game movement and the mainly 1933-1935-built thing sites were preferred in the early days of the regime to carry and found also in SS architecture of the NAZI order castles. In addition stressed greater involvement of landscape and nature conservation in architectural planning and partly – as personified Seifert by Alwin - also implemented.

Paul Schultze-Naumburg, the main proponents of homeland security architecture fell however in 1935 when Hitler in disgrace. Albert Speer was the "architect of the third of Reich" with a neo-classical, taking elements of modernity citing such as traditional building thoughts and forms forms language and a rationalised construction technique. Technical and industrial plants, also the architecture of the Third Reich understood the bid of the functionality as a sign of technological progress. Christoph Hackelsberger compared the language of form of the Atlantic wall with expressionist architecture. A dogmatic "Gleichschaltung" of building the Third Reich did not occur, but rather expressed by ignoring different architects at the State large construction contract award. Some private and industrial buildings were made even after 1933 after the international modernist style

A painter with architectural ambitions, Adolf Hitler measured the importance of a culture by the "testimony" of their buildings: the bigger they were, the more exalted was the epoch from his point of view. His words on January 22, 1938, on the occasion of the first architecture and art exhibition at the "Haus der Kunst" in Munich, were characteristic of the importance Hitler attached to architecture:

The totalitarian regime aimed to use the architectural plan as one way of communicating its purpose. The architecture had an important part to play in the plans by the Nazi party to fashion a cultural and spiritual renaissance in the country as a key agenda of the Third Reich. Instead of adopting the rapidly changing art at the time, Hitler decided to embrace a conservative, notably monolithic architectural style which was both impressive and chilling to many people in equal proportion.

Major Architects of the Era

Hermann Bartels Paul Otto August Baumgarten Peter Behrens German Bestelmeyer Paul Bonatz Woldemar Brinkmann Walter Brugmann Karl Elkart Richard Ermisch Roderich Fick Theodor Fischer Leonhard Gall Hermann Giesler Wilhelm Grebe Friedrich Hetzelt Fritz Höger Eugen Hönig Clemens Klotz Wilhelm Kreis Werner March Konrad Nonn Franz Ruff Ludwig Ruff Ernst Sagebiel Paul Schmitthenner Julius Schulte-Frohlinde Paul Schultze-Naumburg Alexander von Senger Albert Speer Friedrich Tamms Heinrich Tessenow Paul Ludwig Troost Rudolf Wolters

Alfred Rosenberg Fritz Todt

Legacy

Seventy years after the fall of Nazi Germany, a surprising number of its buildings and public spaces remain – many of them put to new uses, sometimes controversially.

References

• brighthub
• Germania
• DARKROAST
• [1] GUARDIAN
• Top 10 buildings