Log page index: User:ProteinBoxBot/PBB_Log_Index
Protein Status Quick Log - Date: 07:45, 7 November 2007 (UTC)[edit]
Proteins without matches (19)[edit]
Proteins with a High Potential Match (6)[edit]
Created (8)[edit]
Manual Inspection (Page not found) (17)[edit]
Protein Status Grid - Date: 07:45, 7 November 2007 (UTC)[edit]
Vebose Log - Date: 07:45, 7 November 2007 (UTC)[edit]
- INFO: Beginning work on CD81... {November 6, 2007 11:18:23 PM PST}
- UPLOAD: Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein CD81 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 11:18:55 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:19:09 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_CD81_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1g8q.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1g8q}}, {{PDB2|1iv5}}
| Name = CD81 molecule
| HGNCid = 1701
| Symbol = CD81
| AltSymbols =; S5.7; TAPA1; TSPAN28
| OMIM = 186845
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 20915
| MGIid = 1096398
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_CD81_200675_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000187 |text = activation of MAPK activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006661 |text = phosphatidylinositol biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006952 |text = defense response}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008104 |text = protein localization}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008283 |text = cell proliferation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008284 |text = positive regulation of cell proliferation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030384 |text = phosphoinositide metabolic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030890 |text = positive regulation of B cell proliferation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043128 |text = positive regulation of 1-phosphatidylinositol 4-kinase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046718 |text = entry of virus into host cell}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046813 |text = virion attachment, binding of host cell surface receptor}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0050731 |text = positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 975
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000110651
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_004347
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_004356
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 11
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 2355096
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 2375225
| Hs_Uniprot = P60033
| Mm_EntrezGene = 12520
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000037706
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = XM_993688
| Mm_RefseqProtein = XP_998782
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 7
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 142862185
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 142877314
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3UWG5
}}
}}
'''CD81 molecule''', also known as '''CD81''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, also known as the tetraspanin family. Most of these members are cell-surface proteins that are characterized by the presence of four hydrophobic domains. The proteins mediate signal transduction events that play a role in the regulation of cell development, activation, growth and motility. This encoded protein is a cell surface glycoprotein that is known to complex with integrins. This protein appears to promote muscle cell fusion and support myotube maintenance. Also it may be involved in signal transduction. This gene is localized in the tumor-suppressor gene region and thus it is a candidate gene for malignancies.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CD81 CD81 molecule| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=975| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Berditchevski F |title=Complexes of tetraspanins with integrins: more than meets the eye. |journal=J. Cell. Sci. |volume=114 |issue= Pt 23 |pages= 4143-51 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11739647 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Ye J |title=Reliance of host cholesterol metabolic pathways for the life cycle of hepatitis C virus. |journal=PLoS Pathog. |volume=3 |issue= 8 |pages= e108 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17784784 |doi= 10.1371/journal.ppat.0030108 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on CDH2... {November 6, 2007 11:19:09 PM PST}
- UPLOAD: Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein CDH2 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 11:19:59 PM PST}
- CREATE: Found no pages, creating new page. {November 6, 2007 11:20:13 PM PST}
- CREATED: Created new protein page: CDH2 {November 6, 2007 11:20:20 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on CTSL1... {November 6, 2007 11:20:20 PM PST}
- UPLOAD: Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein CTSL1 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 11:20:52 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:21:08 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_CTSL1_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1cjl.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1cjl}}, {{PDB2|1cs8}}, {{PDB2|1icf}}, {{PDB2|1mhw}}
| Name = Cathepsin L1
| HGNCid = 2537
| Symbol = CTSL1
| AltSymbols =; CATL; CTSL; FLJ31037; MEP
| OMIM = 116880
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 76699
| MGIid =
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_CTSL1_202087_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004197 |text = cysteine-type endopeptidase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004217 |text = cathepsin L activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005576 |text = extracellular region}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005764 |text = lysosome}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006508 |text = proteolysis}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 1514
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000135047
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_001903
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_001912
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 9
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 89530254
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 89536127
| Hs_Uniprot = P07711
| Mm_EntrezGene =
| Mm_Ensembl =
| Mm_RefseqmRNA =
| Mm_RefseqProtein =
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr =
| Mm_GenLoc_start =
| Mm_GenLoc_end =
| Mm_Uniprot =
}}
}}
'''Cathepsin L1''', also known as '''CTSL1''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a lysosomal cysteine proteinase that plays a major role in intracellular protein catabolism. Its substrates include collagen and elastin, as well as alpha-1 protease inhibitor, a major controlling element of neutrophil elastase activity. The encoded protein has been implicated in several pathologic processes, including myofibril necrosis in myopathies and in myocardial ischemia, and in the renal tubular response to proteinuria. This protein, which is a member of the peptidase C1 family, is a dimer composed of disulfide-linked heavy and light chains, both produced from a single protein precursor. At least two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: CTSL1 cathepsin L1| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=1514| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on GRIN1... {November 6, 2007 11:21:08 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:22:55 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
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| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 1
| HGNCid = 4584
| Symbol = GRIN1
| AltSymbols =; NMDA1; NMDAR1; NR1
| OMIM = 138249
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 7187
| MGIid = 95819
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_GRIN1_205914_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_GRIN1_205915_x_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image3 = PBB_GE_GRIN1_210781_x_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000287 |text = magnesium ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003774 |text = motor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004970 |text = ionotropic glutamate receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004972 |text = N-methyl-D-aspartate selective glutamate receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005216 |text = ion channel activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005234 |text = extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005509 |text = calcium ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016594 |text = glycine binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016595 |text = glutamate binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016933 |text = extracellular-glycine-gated ion channel activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0017146 |text = N-methyl-D-aspartate selective glutamate receptor complex}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030425 |text = dendrite}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030426 |text = growth cone}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045211 |text = postsynaptic membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006811 |text = ion transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006812 |text = cation transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006874 |text = cellular calcium ion homeostasis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007215 |text = glutamate signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007268 |text = synaptic transmission}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007611 |text = learning and/or memory}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045471 |text = response to ethanol}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0048167 |text = regulation of synaptic plasticity}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 2902
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000176884
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000823
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000832
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 9
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 139152663
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 139183028
| Hs_Uniprot = Q05586
| Mm_EntrezGene = 14810
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000026959
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_008169
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_032195
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 2
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 25114256
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 25140988
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3TZ31
}}
}}
'''Glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 1''', also known as '''GRIN1''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a critical subunit of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors, members of the glutamate receptor channel superfamily which are heteromeric protein complexes with multiple subunits arranged to form a ligand-gated ion channel. These subunits play a key role in the plasticity of synapses, which is believed to underlie memory and learning. The gene consists of 21 exons and is alternatively spliced, producing transcript variants differing in the C-terminus. Although the sequence of exon 5 is identical in human and rat, the alternative exon 5 splicing in rat has yet to be demonstrated in human. Cell-specific factors are thought to control expression of different isoforms, possibly contributing to the functional diversity of the subunits.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: GRIN1 glutamate receptor, ionotropic, N-methyl D-aspartate 1| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=2902| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Lin JW, Wyszynski M, Madhavan R, ''et al.'' |title=Yotiao, a novel protein of neuromuscular junction and brain that interacts with specific splice variants of NMDA receptor subunit NR1. |journal=J. Neurosci. |volume=18 |issue= 6 |pages= 2017-27 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9482789 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Adriani W, Felici A, Sargolini F, ''et al.'' |title=N-methyl-D-aspartate and dopamine receptor involvement in the modulation of locomotor activity and memory processes. |journal=Experimental brain research. Experimentelle Hirnforschung. Expérimentation cérébrale |volume=123 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 52-9 |year= 1999 |pmid= 9835392 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Dingledine R, Borges K, Bowie D, Traynelis SF |title=The glutamate receptor ion channels. |journal=Pharmacol. Rev. |volume=51 |issue= 1 |pages= 7-61 |year= 1999 |pmid= 10049997 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on HLA-DRA... {November 6, 2007 11:22:55 PM PST}
- UPLOAD: Added new Image to wiki:
{November 6, 2007 11:23:43 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:23:55 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
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| update_citations = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_HLA-DRA_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1a6a.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1a6a}}, {{PDB2|1aqd}}, {{PDB2|1bx2}}, {{PDB2|1d5m}}, {{PDB2|1d5x}}, {{PDB2|1d5z}}, {{PDB2|1d6e}}, {{PDB2|1dlh}}, {{PDB2|1fv1}}, {{PDB2|1fyt}}, {{PDB2|1h15}}, {{PDB2|1hqr}}, {{PDB2|1hxy}}, {{PDB2|1j8h}}, {{PDB2|1jwm}}, {{PDB2|1jws}}, {{PDB2|1jwu}}, {{PDB2|1kg0}}, {{PDB2|1klg}}, {{PDB2|1klu}}, {{PDB2|1lo5}}, {{PDB2|1pyw}}, {{PDB2|1r5i}}, {{PDB2|1seb}}, {{PDB2|1sje}}, {{PDB2|1sjh}}, {{PDB2|1t5w}}, {{PDB2|1t5x}}, {{PDB2|1ymm}}, {{PDB2|1zgl}}, {{PDB2|2g9h}}, {{PDB2|2iam}}, {{PDB2|2ian}}, {{PDB2|2icw}}, {{PDB2|2ipk}}, {{PDB2|2oje}}, {{PDB2|2seb}}
| Name = Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR alpha
| HGNCid = 4947
| Symbol = HLA-DRA
| AltSymbols =; HLA-DRA1
| OMIM = 142860
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 7751
| MGIid = 95900
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_HLA-DRA_208894_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_HLA-DRA_210982_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0032395 |text = MHC class II receptor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005764 |text = lysosome}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005886 |text = plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042613 |text = MHC class II protein complex}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0002504 |text = antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006955 |text = immune response}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 3122
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000204287
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_061984
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_019111
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 6
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 32515597
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 32520943
| Hs_Uniprot =
| Mm_EntrezGene = 14968
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000036322
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_010381
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_034511
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 17
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 33950514
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 33952226
| Mm_Uniprot = O19462
}}
}}
'''Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR alpha''', also known as '''HLA-DRA''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = HLA-DRA is one of the HLA class II alpha chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha and a beta chain, both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The alpha chain is approximately 33-35 kDa and its gene contains 5 exons. Exon 1 encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, and exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and the cytoplasmic tail. DRA does not have polymorphisms in the peptide binding part and acts as the sole alpha chain for DRB1, DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: HLA-DRA major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR alpha| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3122| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Bénichou S, Benmerah A |title=[The HIV nef and the Kaposi-sarcoma-associated virus K3/K5 proteins: "parasites"of the endocytosis pathway] |journal=Med Sci (Paris) |volume=19 |issue= 1 |pages= 100-6 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12836198 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Tolstrup M, Ostergaard L, Laursen AL, ''et al.'' |title=HIV/SIV escape from immune surveillance: focus on Nef. |journal=Curr. HIV Res. |volume=2 |issue= 2 |pages= 141-51 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15078178 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Anderson JL, Hope TJ |title=HIV accessory proteins and surviving the host cell. |journal=Current HIV/AIDS reports |volume=1 |issue= 1 |pages= 47-53 |year= 2005 |pmid= 16091223 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Li L, Li HS, Pauza CD, ''et al.'' |title=Roles of HIV-1 auxiliary proteins in viral pathogenesis and host-pathogen interactions. |journal=Cell Res. |volume=15 |issue= 11-12 |pages= 923-34 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16354571 |doi= 10.1038/sj.cr.7290370 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Stove V, Verhasselt B |title=Modelling thymic HIV-1 Nef effects. |journal=Curr. HIV Res. |volume=4 |issue= 1 |pages= 57-64 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16454711 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on HLA-DRB4... {November 6, 2007 11:23:55 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:24:15 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 4
| HGNCid = 4952
| Symbol = HLA-DRB4
| AltSymbols =; HLA DRB1; DRB4; HLA-DR4B
| OMIM =
| ECnumber =
| Homologene =
| MGIid =
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0032395 |text = MHC class II receptor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042613 |text = MHC class II protein complex}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0002504 |text = antigen processing and presentation of peptide or polysaccharide antigen via MHC class II}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006955 |text = immune response}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009405 |text = pathogenesis}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 3126
| Hs_Ensembl =
| Hs_RefseqProtein = XP_945196
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = XM_940103
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr =
| Hs_GenLoc_start =
| Hs_GenLoc_end =
| Hs_Uniprot =
| Mm_EntrezGene =
| Mm_Ensembl =
| Mm_RefseqmRNA =
| Mm_RefseqProtein =
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr =
| Mm_GenLoc_start =
| Mm_GenLoc_end =
| Mm_Uniprot =
}}
}}
'''Major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 4''', also known as '''HLA-DRB4''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = HLA-DRB4 belongs to the HLA class II beta chain paralogues. This class II molecule is a heterodimer consisting of an alpha (DRA) and a beta (DRB) chain, both anchored in the membrane. It plays a central role in the immune system by presenting peptides derived from extracellular proteins. Class II molecules are expressed in antigen presenting cells (APC: B lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages). The beta chain is approximately 26-28 kDa and its gene contains 6 exons. Exon one encodes the leader peptide, exons 2 and 3 encode the two extracellular domains, exon 4 encodes the transmembrane domain and exon 5 encodes the cytoplasmic tail. Within the DR molecule the beta chain contains all the polymorphisms specifying the peptide binding specificities. Typing for these polymorphisms is routinely done for bone marrow and kidney transplantation. DRB1 is expressed at a level five times higher than its paralogues DRB3, DRB4 and DRB5. The presence of DRB4 is linked with allelic variants of DRB1, otherwise it is omitted. There are 4 related pseudogenes: DRB2, DRB6, DRB7, DRB8 and DRB9.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: HLA-DRB4 major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR beta 4| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3126| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Germain RN |title=Binding domain regulation of MHC class II molecule assembly, trafficking, fate, and function. |journal=Semin. Immunol. |volume=7 |issue= 6 |pages= 361-72 |year= 1996 |pmid= 8775462 |doi= 10.1006/smim.1995.0041 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on IFNA1... {November 6, 2007 11:24:15 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:25:17 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Interferon, alpha 1
| HGNCid = 5417
| Symbol = IFNA1
| AltSymbols =; IFL; IFN; IFN-ALPHA; IFNA13; IFNA@; MGC138207; MGC138505; MGC138507
| OMIM = 147660
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 88748
| MGIid =
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_IFNA1_208344_x_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_IFNA1_208375_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005126 |text = hematopoietin/interferon-class (D200-domain) cytokine receptor binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005132 |text = interferon-alpha/beta receptor binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005576 |text = extracellular region}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005615 |text = extracellular space}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006952 |text = defense response}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009615 |text = response to virus}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 3439
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000197919
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_076918
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_024013
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 9
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 21430440
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 21431315
| Hs_Uniprot = P01562
| Mm_EntrezGene =
| Mm_Ensembl =
| Mm_RefseqmRNA =
| Mm_RefseqProtein =
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr =
| Mm_GenLoc_start =
| Mm_GenLoc_end =
| Mm_Uniprot =
}}
}}
'''Interferon, alpha 1''', also known as '''IFNA1''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = Leukocyte interferon is produced predominantly by B lymphocytes. Immune interferon (IFN-gamma; MIM 147570) is produced by mitogen- or antigen-stimulated T lymphocytes.[supplied by OMIM]<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: IFNA1 interferon, alpha 1| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=3439| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Bekisz J, Schmeisser H, Hernandez J, ''et al.'' |title=Human interferons alpha, beta and omega. |journal=Growth Factors |volume=22 |issue= 4 |pages= 243-51 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15621727 |doi= 10.1080/08977190400000833 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Copeland KF |title=Modulation of HIV-1 transcription by cytokines and chemokines. |journal=Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry |volume=5 |issue= 12 |pages= 1093-101 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16375755 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on IFNB1... {November 6, 2007 11:25:17 PM PST}
- UPLOAD: Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein IFNB1 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 11:25:48 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:26:04 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_IFNB1_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1au1.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1au1}}
| Name = Interferon, beta 1, fibroblast
| HGNCid = 5434
| Symbol = IFNB1
| AltSymbols =; IFB; IFF; IFNB; MGC96956
| OMIM = 147640
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 1640
| MGIid = 107657
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_IFNB1_208173_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005132 |text = interferon-alpha/beta receptor binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005576 |text = extracellular region}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005615 |text = extracellular space}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006917 |text = induction of apoptosis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006919 |text = caspase activation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007166 |text = cell surface receptor linked signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008285 |text = negative regulation of cell proliferation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0009615 |text = response to virus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030101 |text = natural killer cell activation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042100 |text = B cell proliferation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042742 |text = defense response to bacterium}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045089 |text = positive regulation of innate immune response}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045343 |text = regulation of MHC class I biosynthetic process}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046597 |text = negative regulation of virion penetration into host}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 3456
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000171855
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_002167
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_002176
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 9
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 21067104
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 21067962
| Hs_Uniprot = P01574
| Mm_EntrezGene = 15977
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000048806
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_010510
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_034640
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 4
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 87993457
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 87994005
| Mm_Uniprot = Q0VE17
}}
}}
'''Interferon, beta 1, fibroblast''', also known as '''IFNB1''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text =
}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Biron CA, Nguyen KB, Pien GC |title=Innate immune responses to LCMV infections: natural killer cells and cytokines. |journal=Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. |volume=263 |issue= |pages= 7-27 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11987821 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Bekisz J, Schmeisser H, Hernandez J, ''et al.'' |title=Human interferons alpha, beta and omega. |journal=Growth Factors |volume=22 |issue= 4 |pages= 243-51 |year= 2005 |pmid= 15621727 |doi= 10.1080/08977190400000833 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Copeland KF |title=Modulation of HIV-1 transcription by cytokines and chemokines. |journal=Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry |volume=5 |issue= 12 |pages= 1093-101 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16375755 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on IL6R... {November 6, 2007 11:26:04 PM PST}
- UPLOAD: Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein IL6R image.jpg {November 6, 2007 11:26:56 PM PST}
- CREATE: Found no pages, creating new page. {November 6, 2007 11:27:14 PM PST}
- CREATED: Created new protein page: IL6R {November 6, 2007 11:27:22 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on MITF... {November 6, 2007 11:27:22 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:27:58 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor
| HGNCid = 7105
| Symbol = MITF
| AltSymbols =; WS2A
| OMIM = 156845
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 4892
| MGIid = 104554
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_MITF_207233_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003682 |text = chromatin binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003705 |text = RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, enhancer binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016563 |text = transcription activator activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007275 |text = multicellular organismal development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007605 |text = sensory perception of sound}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016055 |text = Wnt receptor signaling pathway}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030318 |text = melanocyte differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042127 |text = regulation of cell proliferation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042981 |text = regulation of apoptosis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045165 |text = cell fate commitment}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045670 |text = regulation of osteoclast differentiation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0045944 |text = positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 4286
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000187098
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000239
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000248
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 3
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 69871323
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 70100174
| Hs_Uniprot = O75030
| Mm_EntrezGene = 17342
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000035158
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_008601
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_032627
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 6
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 97772647
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 97984170
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3U2D2
}}
}}
'''Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor''', also known as '''MITF''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a transcription factor that contains both basic helix-loop-helix and leucine zipper structural features. It regulates the differentiation and development of melanocytes retinal pigment epithelium and is also responsible for pigment cell-specific transcription of the melanogenesis enzyme genes. Heterozygous mutations in the this gene cause auditory-pigmentary syndromes, such as Waardenburg syndrome type 2 and Tietz syndrome. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been identified.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: MITF microphthalmia-associated transcription factor| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4286| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Shibahara S, Takeda K, Yasumoto K, ''et al.'' |title=Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF): multiplicity in structure, function, and regulation. |journal=J. Investig. Dermatol. Symp. Proc. |volume=6 |issue= 1 |pages= 99-104 |year= 2002 |pmid= 11764295 |doi= 10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.00010.x }}
*{{cite journal | author=Saito H, Yasumoto K, Takeda K, ''et al.'' |title=Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor in the Wnt signaling pathway. |journal=Pigment Cell Res. |volume=16 |issue= 3 |pages= 261-5 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12753399 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Garraway LA, Sellers WR |title=From integrated genomics to tumor lineage dependency. |journal=Cancer Res. |volume=66 |issue= 5 |pages= 2506-8 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16510564 |doi= 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-4604 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on ND1... {November 6, 2007 11:27:58 PM PST}
- CREATE: Found no pages, creating new page. {November 6, 2007 11:28:10 PM PST}
- CREATED: Created new protein page: ND1 {November 6, 2007 11:28:16 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on POLR2C... {November 6, 2007 11:28:16 PM PST}
- CREATE: Found no pages, creating new page. {November 6, 2007 11:29:31 PM PST}
- CREATED: Created new protein page: POLR2C {November 6, 2007 11:29:38 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on POLR2E... {November 6, 2007 11:29:38 PM PST}
- CREATE: Found no pages, creating new page. {November 6, 2007 11:30:36 PM PST}
- CREATED: Created new protein page: POLR2E {November 6, 2007 11:30:43 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on PROS1... {November 6, 2007 11:30:43 PM PST}
- UPLOAD: Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein PROS1 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 11:31:16 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:31:43 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_PROS1_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1z6c.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1z6c}}
| Name = Protein S (alpha)
| HGNCid = 9456
| Symbol = PROS1
| AltSymbols =; PSA; PROS; PS 26; PS21; PS22; PS23; PS24; PS25; Protein S; protein Sa
| OMIM = 176880
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 264
| MGIid = 1095733
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_PROS1_207808_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004866 |text = endopeptidase inhibitor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005509 |text = calcium ion binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005576 |text = extracellular region}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007596 |text = blood coagulation}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 5627
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000184500
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000304
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000313
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 3
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 95074647
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 95175412
| Hs_Uniprot = P07225
| Mm_EntrezGene = 19128
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000022912
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_011173
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_035303
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 16
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 62796685
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 62871594
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3TR66
}}
}}
'''Protein S (alpha)''', also known as '''PROS1''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text =
}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Dahlbäck B |title=Protein S and C4b-binding protein: components involved in the regulation of the protein C anticoagulant system. |journal=Thromb. Haemost. |volume=66 |issue= 1 |pages= 49-61 |year= 1991 |pmid= 1833851 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Witt I |title=[Molecular biological basis and diagnosis of hereditary defect of antithrombin III, protein c and protein S] |journal=Hamostaseologie |volume=22 |issue= 2 |pages= 14-24 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12193972 |doi= 10.1267/Hamo02020057 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Rezende SM, Simmonds RE, Lane DA |title=Coagulation, inflammation, and apoptosis: different roles for protein S and the protein S-C4b binding protein complex. |journal=Blood |volume=103 |issue= 4 |pages= 1192-201 |year= 2004 |pmid= 12907438 |doi= 10.1182/blood-2003-05-1551 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Dahlbäck B |title=The tale of protein S and C4b-binding protein, a story of affection. |journal=Thromb. Haemost. |volume=98 |issue= 1 |pages= 90-6 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17597997 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on RARB... {November 6, 2007 11:31:43 PM PST}
- UPLOAD: Added new Image to wiki:
{November 6, 2007 11:32:52 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:33:06 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_RARB_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1dsz.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1dsz}}, {{PDB2|1hra}}, {{PDB2|1xap}}, {{PDB2|1xdk}}
| Name = Retinoic acid receptor, beta
| HGNCid = 9865
| Symbol = RARB
| AltSymbols =; HAP; NR1B2; RRB2
| OMIM = 180220
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 68100
| MGIid = 97857
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_RARB_205080_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_RARB_208530_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image3 = PBB_GE_RARB_208412_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003700 |text = transcription factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003707 |text = steroid hormone receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003708 |text = retinoic acid receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004872 |text = receptor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008270 |text = zinc ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0043565 |text = sequence-specific DNA binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046872 |text = metal ion binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005575 |text = cellular_component}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006350 |text = transcription}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006355 |text = regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 5915
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000077092
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000956
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000965
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 3
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 25190893
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 25614424
| Hs_Uniprot = P10826
| Mm_EntrezGene = 218772
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000017491
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_011243
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_035373
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 14
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 15224106
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 15612134
| Mm_Uniprot = Q8K1P6
}}
}}
'''Retinoic acid receptor, beta''', also known as '''RARB''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes retinoic acid receptor beta, a member of the thyroid-steroid hormone receptor superfamily of nuclear transcriptional regulators. This receptor localizes to the cytoplasm and to subnuclear compartments. It binds retinoic acid, the biologically active form of vitamin A which mediates cellular signalling in embryonic morphogenesis, cell growth and differentiation. It is thought that this protein limits growth of many cell types by regulating gene expression. The gene was first identified in a hepatocellular carcinoma where it flanks a hepatitis B virus integration site. The gene expresses at least two transcript variants; one additional transcript has been described, but its full length nature has not been determined.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: RARB retinoic acid receptor, beta| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=5915| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Dejean A, de Thé H |title=Hepatitis B virus as an insertional mutagene in a human hepatocellular carcinoma. |journal=Mol. Biol. Med. |volume=7 |issue= 3 |pages= 213-22 |year= 1990 |pmid= 2170809 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Sun SY |title=Retinoic acid receptor beta and colon cancer. |journal=Cancer Biol. Ther. |volume=3 |issue= 1 |pages= 87-8 |year= 2004 |pmid= 14726690 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Saba N, Jain S, Khuri F |title=Chemoprevention in lung cancer. |journal=Current problems in cancer |volume=28 |issue= 5 |pages= 287-306 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15375805 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Klein O, Grignon Y, Civit T, ''et al.'' |title=[Methylation status of RARbeta gene promoter in low and high grade cerebral glioma. Comparison with normal tissue. Immuno-histochemical study of nuclear RARbeta expression in low and high grade cerebral glioma cells. Comparison with normal cells. 48 tumors] |journal=Neuro-Chirurgie |volume=51 |issue= 3-4 Pt 1 |pages= 147-54 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16389900 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on RBL2... {November 6, 2007 11:33:06 PM PST}
- CREATE: Found no pages, creating new page. {November 6, 2007 11:34:08 PM PST}
- CREATED: Created new protein page: RBL2 {November 6, 2007 11:34:15 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on RPS6KA3... {November 6, 2007 11:34:15 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:35:10 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
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| update_protein_box = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90kDa, polypeptide 3
| HGNCid = 10432
| Symbol = RPS6KA3
| AltSymbols =; RSK; CLS; HU-3; ISPK-1; MAPKAPK1B; MRX19; RSK2; S6K-alpha3; p90-RSK2; pp90RSK2
| OMIM = 300075
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 37940
| MGIid = 104557
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_RPS6KA3_203843_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000166 |text = nucleotide binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000287 |text = magnesium ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004672 |text = protein kinase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004674 |text = protein serine/threonine kinase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005524 |text = ATP binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016740 |text = transferase activity}}
| Component =
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001501 |text = skeletal development}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006468 |text = protein amino acid phosphorylation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007417 |text = central nervous system development}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 6197
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000177189
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_004577
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_004586
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = X
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 20077950
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 20194671
| Hs_Uniprot = P51812
| Mm_EntrezGene = 110651
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000031309
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_148945
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_683747
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = X
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 154600225
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 154707590
| Mm_Uniprot = P18654
}}
}}
'''Ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90kDa, polypeptide 3''', also known as '''RPS6KA3''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a member of the RSK (ribosomal S6 kinase) family of serine/threonine kinases. This kinase contains 2 non-identical kinase catalytic domains and phosphorylates various substrates, including members of the mitogen-activated kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway. The activity of this protein has been implicated in controlling cell growth and differentiation. Mutations in this gene have been associated with Coffin-Lowry syndrome (CLS).<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: RPS6KA3 ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 90kDa, polypeptide 3| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6197| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on RPS6KB1... {November 6, 2007 11:35:10 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:36:19 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
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| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70kDa, polypeptide 1
| HGNCid = 10436
| Symbol = RPS6KB1
| AltSymbols =; PS6K; S6K; S6K1; STK14A; p70(S6K)-alpha; p70-S6K; p70-alpha
| OMIM = 608938
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 81703
| MGIid =
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_RPS6KB1_204171_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_RPS6KB1_211578_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000166 |text = nucleotide binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004672 |text = protein kinase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004674 |text = protein serine/threonine kinase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005524 |text = ATP binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016740 |text = transferase activity}}
| Component =
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006468 |text = protein amino acid phosphorylation}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007281 |text = germ cell development}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 6198
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000108443
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_003152
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_003161
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 17
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 55325225
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 55382564
| Hs_Uniprot = P23443
| Mm_EntrezGene =
| Mm_Ensembl =
| Mm_RefseqmRNA =
| Mm_RefseqProtein =
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr =
| Mm_GenLoc_start =
| Mm_GenLoc_end =
| Mm_Uniprot =
}}
}}
'''Ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70kDa, polypeptide 1''', also known as '''RPS6KB1''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = This gene encodes a member of the RSK (ribosomal S6 kinase) family of serine/threonine kinases. This kinase contains 2 non-identical kinase catalytic domains and phosphorylates several residues of the S6 ribosomal protein. The kinase activity of this protein leads to an increase in protein synthesis and cell proliferation. Amplification of the region of DNA encoding this gene and overexpression of this kinase are seen in some breast cancer cell lines. Alternate translational start sites have been described and alternate transcriptional splice variants have been observed but have not been thoroughly characterized.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: RPS6KB1 ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70kDa, polypeptide 1| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6198| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Proud CG |title=p70 S6 kinase: an enigma with variations. |journal=Trends Biochem. Sci. |volume=21 |issue= 5 |pages= 181-5 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8871403 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Manning BD |title=Balancing Akt with S6K: implications for both metabolic diseases and tumorigenesis. |journal=J. Cell Biol. |volume=167 |issue= 3 |pages= 399-403 |year= 2004 |pmid= 15533996 |doi= 10.1083/jcb.200408161 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on S100A4... {November 6, 2007 11:36:19 PM PST}
- UPLOAD: Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein S100A4 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 11:36:50 PM PST}
- CREATE: Found no pages, creating new page. {November 6, 2007 11:37:09 PM PST}
- CREATED: Created new protein page: S100A4 {November 6, 2007 11:37:16 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on SGK... {November 6, 2007 11:37:16 PM PST}
- CREATE: Found no pages, creating new page. {November 6, 2007 11:37:51 PM PST}
- CREATED: Created new protein page: SGK {November 6, 2007 11:37:58 PM PST}
- INFO: Beginning work on SPTA1... {November 6, 2007 11:37:58 PM PST}
- UPLOAD: Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein SPTA1 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 11:38:29 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:38:41 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_SPTA1_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1owa.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1owa}}
| Name = Spectrin, alpha, erythrocytic 1 (elliptocytosis 2)
| HGNCid = 11272
| Symbol = SPTA1
| AltSymbols =; EL2; SPTA
| OMIM = 182860
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 74460
| MGIid = 98385
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_SPTA1_206937_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005200 |text = structural constituent of cytoskeleton}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005509 |text = calcium ion binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0051015 |text = actin filament binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005624 |text = membrane fraction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005856 |text = cytoskeleton}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008091 |text = spectrin}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007015 |text = actin filament organization}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008360 |text = regulation of cell shape}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0051016 |text = barbed-end actin filament capping}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 6708
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000163554
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_003117
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_003126
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 1
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 156846902
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 156923112
| Hs_Uniprot = P02549
| Mm_EntrezGene = 20739
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000026532
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_011465
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_035595
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 1
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 176011002
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 176084132
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3UQ30
}}
}}
'''Spectrin, alpha, erythrocytic 1 (elliptocytosis 2)''', also known as '''SPTA1''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = Spectrin is an actin crosslinking and molecular scaffold protein that links the plasma membrane to the actin cytoskeleton, and functions in the determination of cell shape, arrangement of transmembrane proteins, and organization of organelles. It is a tetramer made up of alpha-beta dimers linked in a head-to-head arrangement. This gene is one member of a family of alpha-spectrin genes. The encoded protein is primarily composed of 22 spectrin repeats which are involved in dimer formation. It forms weaker tetramer interactions than non-erythrocytic alpha spectrin, which may increase the plasma membrane elasticity and deformability of red blood cells. Mutations in this gene result in a variety of hereditary red blood cell disorders, including elliptocytosis type 2, pyropoikilocytosis, and spherocytic hemolytic anemia.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: SPTA1 spectrin, alpha, erythrocytic 1 (elliptocytosis 2)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6708| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Gallagher PG, Forget BG |title=Spectrin genes in health and disease. |journal=Semin. Hematol. |volume=30 |issue= 1 |pages= 4-20 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8094577 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Delaunay J, Dhermy D |title=Mutations involving the spectrin heterodimer contact site: clinical expression and alterations in specific function. |journal=Semin. Hematol. |volume=30 |issue= 1 |pages= 21-33 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8434258 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Snásel J, Pichová I |title=The cleavage of host cell proteins by HIV-1 protease. |journal=Folia Biol. (Praha) |volume=42 |issue= 5 |pages= 227-30 |year= 1997 |pmid= 8997639 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Iolascon A, Miraglia del Giudice E, Perrotta S, ''et al.'' |title=Hereditary spherocytosis: from clinical to molecular defects. |journal=Haematologica |volume=83 |issue= 3 |pages= 240-57 |year= 1998 |pmid= 9573679 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=De Matteis MA, Morrow JS |title=Spectrin tethers and mesh in the biosynthetic pathway. |journal=J. Cell. Sci. |volume=113 ( Pt 13) |issue= |pages= 2331-43 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10852813 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Delaunay J |title=Molecular basis of red cell membrane disorders. |journal=Acta Haematol. |volume=108 |issue= 4 |pages= 210-8 |year= 2003 |pmid= 12432217 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Dhermy D, Schrével J, Lecomte MC |title=Spectrin-based skeleton in red blood cells and malaria. |journal=Curr. Opin. Hematol. |volume=14 |issue= 3 |pages= 198-202 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17414207 |doi= 10.1097/MOH.0b013e3280d21afd }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on STAT6... {November 6, 2007 11:38:41 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:39:34 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6, interleukin-4 induced
| HGNCid = 11368
| Symbol = STAT6
| AltSymbols =; D12S1644; IL-4-STAT; STAT6B; STAT6C
| OMIM = 601512
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 2373
| MGIid = 103034
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_STAT6_201331_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_STAT6_201332_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003700 |text = transcription factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004871 |text = signal transducer activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005509 |text = calcium ion binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005737 |text = cytoplasm}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006350 |text = transcription}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006355 |text = regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006357 |text = regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007242 |text = intracellular signaling cascade}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042127 |text = regulation of cell proliferation}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 6778
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000166888
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_003144
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_003153
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 12
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 55775462
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 55791428
| Hs_Uniprot = P42226
| Mm_EntrezGene = 20852
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000002147
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009284
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_033310
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 10
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 127046117
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 127063894
| Mm_Uniprot = P70383
}}
}}
'''Signal transducer and activator of transcription 6, interleukin-4 induced''', also known as '''STAT6''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the STAT family of transcription factors. In response to cytokines and growth factors, STAT family members are phosphorylated by the receptor associated kinases, and then form homo- or heterodimers that translocate to the cell nucleus where they act as transcription activators. This protein plays a central role in exerting IL4 mediated biological responses. It is found to induce the expression of BCL2L1/BCL-X(L), which is responsible for the anti-apoptotic activity of IL4. Knockout studies in mice suggested the roles of this gene in differentiation of T helper 2 (Th2) cells, expression of cell surface markers, and class switch of immunoglobulins.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: STAT6 signal transducer and activator of transcription 6, interleukin-4 induced| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6778| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Jiang H, Harris MB, Rothman P |title=IL-4/IL-13 signaling beyond JAK/STAT. |journal=J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. |volume=105 |issue= 6 Pt 1 |pages= 1063-70 |year= 2000 |pmid= 10856136 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Kisseleva T, Bhattacharya S, Braunstein J, Schindler CW |title=Signaling through the JAK/STAT pathway, recent advances and future challenges. |journal=Gene |volume=285 |issue= 1-2 |pages= 1-24 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12039028 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on TAP2... {November 6, 2007 11:39:34 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:40:51 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image =
| image_source =
| PDB =
| Name = Transporter 2, ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP)
| HGNCid = 44
| Symbol = TAP2
| AltSymbols =; ABC18; ABCB3; APT2; D6S217E; PSF2; RING11
| OMIM = 170261
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 37323
| MGIid = 98484
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_TAP2_204769_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_TAP2_204770_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image3 = PBB_GE_TAP2_208428_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000166 |text = nucleotide binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004409 |text = homoaconitate hydratase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005215 |text = transporter activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005524 |text = ATP binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0015198 |text = oligopeptide transporter activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0015433 |text = peptide antigen-transporting ATPase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016887 |text = ATPase activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042288 |text = MHC class I protein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042301 |text = phosphate binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042605 |text = peptide antigen binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042626 |text = ATPase activity, coupled to transmembrane movement of substances}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046980 |text = tapasin binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046982 |text = protein heterodimerization activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005783 |text = endoplasmic reticulum}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005788 |text = endoplasmic reticulum lumen}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005829 |text = cytosol}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016020 |text = membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0016021 |text = integral to membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0042825 |text = TAP complex}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006461 |text = protein complex assembly}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006857 |text = oligopeptide transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006886 |text = intracellular protein transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006955 |text = immune response}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0015833 |text = peptide transport}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0019885 |text = antigen processing and presentation of endogenous peptide antigen via MHC class I}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0046967 |text = cytosol to ER transport}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 6891
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000204267
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_000535
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_000544
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 6
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 32897588
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 32914525
| Hs_Uniprot = Q03519
| Mm_EntrezGene = 21355
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000024339
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_011530
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_035660
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 17
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 33814426
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 33826594
| Mm_Uniprot = Q3TXM1
}}
}}
'''Transporter 2, ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP)''', also known as '''TAP2''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = The membrane-associated protein encoded by this gene is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. ABC genes are divided into seven distinct subfamilies (ABC1, MDR/TAP, MRP, ALD, OABP, GCN20, White). This protein is a member of the MDR/TAP subfamily. Members of the MDR/TAP subfamily are involved in multidrug resistance. This gene is located 7 kb telomeric to gene family member ABCB2. The protein encoded by this gene is involved in antigen presentation. This protein forms a heterodimer with ABCB2 in order to transport peptides from the cytoplasm to the endoplasmic reticulum. Mutations in this gene may be associated with ankylosing spondylitis, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and celiac disease. Alternative splicing of this gene produces two products which differ in peptide selectivity and level of restoration of surface expression of MHC class I molecules.<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TAP2 transporter 2, ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B (MDR/TAP)| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=6891| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Townsend A, Trowsdale J |title=The transporters associated with antigen presentation. |journal=Semin. Cell Biol. |volume=4 |issue= 1 |pages= 53-61 |year= 1993 |pmid= 8453065 |doi= }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on TCF7L2... {November 6, 2007 11:40:51 PM PST}
- UPLOAD: Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein TCF7L2 image.jpg {November 6, 2007 11:42:50 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:43:02 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
| require_manual_inspection = no
| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
| update_citations = yes
}}
<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_TCF7L2_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1jdh.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1jdh}}, {{PDB2|1jpw}}, {{PDB2|2gl7}}, {{PDB2|2lef}}
| Name = Transcription factor 7-like 2 (T-cell specific, HMG-box)
| HGNCid = 11641
| Symbol = TCF7L2
| AltSymbols =; TCF4; TCF-4
| OMIM = 602228
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 7564
| MGIid = 1202879
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_TCF7L2_212759_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_TCF7L2_212761_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image3 = PBB_GE_TCF7L2_212762_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003677 |text = DNA binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003700 |text = transcription factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0003702 |text = RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005515 |text = protein binding}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005634 |text = nucleus}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000074 |text = regulation of progression through cell cycle}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006325 |text = establishment and/or maintenance of chromatin architecture}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006350 |text = transcription}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006355 |text = regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0006357 |text = regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007165 |text = signal transduction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0030111 |text = regulation of Wnt receptor signaling pathway}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 6934
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000148737
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_110383
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_030756
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 10
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 114700201
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 114917427
| Hs_Uniprot = Q9NQB0
| Mm_EntrezGene = 21416
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000024985
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_009333
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_033359
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 19
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 55795070
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 55986503
| Mm_Uniprot = Q80WT9
}}
}}
'''Transcription factor 7-like 2 (T-cell specific, HMG-box)''', also known as '''TCF7L2''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text =
}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Segditsas S, Tomlinson I |title=Colorectal cancer and genetic alterations in the Wnt pathway. |journal=Oncogene |volume=25 |issue= 57 |pages= 7531-7 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17143297 |doi= 10.1038/sj.onc.1210059 }}
*{{cite journal | author=Florez JC |title=The new type 2 diabetes gene TCF7L2. |journal=Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care |volume=10 |issue= 4 |pages= 391-6 |year= 2007 |pmid= 17563454 |doi= 10.1097/MCO.0b013e3281e2c9be }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
- INFO: Beginning work on TGFA... {November 6, 2007 11:43:02 PM PST}
- UPLOAD: Added new Image to wiki: File:PBB Protein TGFA image.jpg {November 6, 2007 11:44:13 PM PST}
- AMBIGUITY: Did not locate an acceptable page to update. {November 6, 2007 11:44:24 PM PST}
<!-- The PBB_Controls template provides controls for Protein Box Bot, please see Template:PBB_Controls for details. -->
{{PBB_Controls
| update_page = yes
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| update_protein_box = yes
| update_summary = yes
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<!-- The GNF_Protein_box is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{GNF_Protein_box
| image = PBB_Protein_TGFA_image.jpg
| image_source = [[Protein_Data_Bank|PDB]] rendering based on 1mox.
| PDB = {{PDB2|1mox}}, {{PDB2|1yuf}}, {{PDB2|1yug}}, {{PDB2|2tgf}}, {{PDB2|3tgf}}, {{PDB2|4tgf}}
| Name = Transforming growth factor, alpha
| HGNCid = 11765
| Symbol = TGFA
| AltSymbols =; TFGA
| OMIM = 190170
| ECnumber =
| Homologene = 2431
| MGIid = 98724
| GeneAtlas_image1 = PBB_GE_TGFA_205016_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image2 = PBB_GE_TGFA_205015_s_at_tn.png
| GeneAtlas_image3 = PBB_GE_TGFA_211258_s_at_tn.png
| Function = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001948 |text = glycoprotein binding}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0004871 |text = signal transducer activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005155 |text = epidermal growth factor receptor activating ligand activity}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008083 |text = growth factor activity}}
| Component = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005615 |text = extracellular space}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005625 |text = soluble fraction}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005886 |text = plasma membrane}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0005887 |text = integral to plasma membrane}}
| Process = {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0000074 |text = regulation of progression through cell cycle}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0001525 |text = angiogenesis}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0007267 |text = cell-cell signaling}} {{GNF_GO|id=GO:0008283 |text = cell proliferation}}
| Orthologs = {{GNF_Ortholog_box
| Hs_EntrezGene = 7039
| Hs_Ensembl = ENSG00000163235
| Hs_RefseqProtein = NP_003227
| Hs_RefseqmRNA = NM_003236
| Hs_GenLoc_db =
| Hs_GenLoc_chr = 2
| Hs_GenLoc_start = 70527927
| Hs_GenLoc_end = 70634438
| Hs_Uniprot = P01135
| Mm_EntrezGene = 21802
| Mm_Ensembl = ENSMUSG00000029999
| Mm_RefseqmRNA = NM_031199
| Mm_RefseqProtein = NP_112476
| Mm_GenLoc_db =
| Mm_GenLoc_chr = 6
| Mm_GenLoc_start = 86228789
| Mm_GenLoc_end = 86237128
| Mm_Uniprot = Q545E4
}}
}}
'''Transforming growth factor, alpha''', also known as '''TGFA''', is a human [[gene]].
<!-- The PBB_Summary template is automatically maintained by Protein Box Bot. See Template:PBB_Controls to Stop updates. -->
{{PBB_Summary
| section_title =
| summary_text = Transforming growth factors (TGFs) are biologically active polypeptides that reversibly confer the transformed phenotype on cultured cells. TGF-alpha shows about 40% sequence homology with epidermal growth factor (EGF; MIM 131530) and competes with EGF for binding to the EGF receptor (MIM 131550), stimulating its phosphorylation and producing a mitogenic response.[supplied by OMIM]<ref>{{cite web | title = Entrez Gene: TGFA transforming growth factor, alpha| url = http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=7039| accessdate = }}</ref>
}}
==References==
{{reflist}}
==Further reading==
{{refbegin | 2}}
{{PBB_Further_reading
| citations =
*{{cite journal | author=Luetteke NC, Lee DC |title=Transforming growth factor alpha: expression, regulation and biological action of its integral membrane precursor. |journal=Semin. Cancer Biol. |volume=1 |issue= 4 |pages= 265-75 |year= 1991 |pmid= 2103501 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Greten FR, Wagner M, Weber CK, ''et al.'' |title=TGF alpha transgenic mice. A model of pancreatic cancer development. |journal=Pancreatology |volume=1 |issue= 4 |pages= 363-8 |year= 2002 |pmid= 12120215 |doi= }}
*{{cite journal | author=Vieira AR |title=Association between the transforming growth factor alpha gene and nonsyndromic oral clefts: a HuGE review. |journal=Am. J. Epidemiol. |volume=163 |issue= 9 |pages= 790-810 |year= 2006 |pmid= 16495466 |doi= 10.1093/aje/kwj103 }}
}}
{{refend}}
{{protein-stub}}
end log.
