User:Naimanadeem/sandbox
Introduction[edit]
One out of five adults have suffered from major depression at least once in their lifetime. Chances of suffering with major depression is higher for adults with coronary heart disease. Depression is one of the leading sources of disability. World Health Organization has stated that in the depression may have a shot at becoming the leading cause of disability while competing with coronary heart disease. [1]
Depression may occur due to existence of other mental or physical diseases (and also from the medications for those illnesses), hormonal disorders, and malnutrition.[2]
Causes[edit]
Lifestyle
Obesity and depression are correlated with each other. Depression can be a risk factor resulting from obesity; but obesity can also be resulting due to the existence of depression already present. Depression is also liked to socioeconomic status. [3] Adults with the highest levels of depression report lower levels of spiritual growth, interpersonal relationships, and stress management. Physical activity and nutrition also start to decline. [4] Depressed adults are self-neglecting which leads them to pursue an unhealthy lifestyle which includes poor diet quality and low levels of physical activities.[3]
Life Events
Life events are proximal causes the lead to depression.[5]
Childhood experiences of loss of a parent via death of divorce has been a research topic for depression but evidence is not found. Adult depression is not lead by lack of parent in childhood. Studies have found evidence that parental death during childhood has little to no effect on adulthood depression. Women are more effected by parental death than men. Low parental care during childhood can also lead to depression in adulthood.[5] Stress management is a concern that can also lead to depression. Symptoms of depression may be social isolation which leads to loss of interest in being around people - the lack of social support increases levels of depression. [4]
medical treatments
Medications to cure physical illness can cause depression. Anxiety may be the direct cause of most drugs which later on leads to depression.[6]
Non-psychiatric illnesses
Brain diseases such as strokes, alzheimers disease, multiple sclerosis, and tertiary syphilis have symptoms of depression. [6] Other common illnesses found in patients with depression include diabetes, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, cardiac arrhythmias, obesity, malignant neoplasms, osteoporosis, hyperprolactinemia, irritable bowel syndrome, HIV/AIDS, and Hepatitis C. [4]
Physical illness and depression can exist coincidentally. Depression might be existing due to heredity.[6]
Treatment[edit]
Side effects of antipsychotic medications may cause deterioration of health and result in seizures, tremors, cardiovascular problems, obesity, etc. In addition to the physical side effects from antipsychotic medications, symptoms of these physical illnesses lead to a slower recovery from depression. [4]
lifestyle
The promotion of a healthy lifestyle is a positive approach to living that leads individuals toward realizing their highest potential for well-being - a life free from any sort of illness. [4]
Exercise is found to be as effective as psychotherapy on depressed individuals. Exercise also helps lowers levels of diabetes, heart disease, and obesity which are disorders that possibly lead to depression.[4]
Social[edit]
Women are at increased risk of depression due to the high rate of life events and stress related to the specifications of their roles.[5]
References[edit]
1. Blumenthal, James A. "Targeting Lifestyle Change in Patients With Depression*". Journal of the American College of Cardiology 61 (6).
2. Field, William E (Oct 1985;). "PHYSICAL CAUSES OF DEPRESSION". Journal of Psychosocial Nursing & Mental Health Services 23 (10).
3. Beydoun, May A; Youfa Wang. [www. e l s ev i e r. c om / l o c a t e / j a d "Pathways linking socioeconomic status to obesity through depression and lifestyle factors among young US adults"] Check |url= scheme (help). Journal of Affective Disorders 123: 52–63.
4. Jensen, Linda Welsch; Decker, Linda; Andersen, Mary Milander (January 2006). "DEPRESSION AND HEALTH-PROMOTING LIFESTYLES OF PERSONS WITH MENTAL ILLNESSES". Issues in Mental Health Nursing 27 (6): 617–634. doi:10.1080/01612840600642919.
5. Harris, Tirril O; George W. Brown (January 1996). "Social causes of depression". Current Opinion in Psychiatry 9 (1): 3-10.
- ^ Blumenthal, James A. "Targeting Lifestyle Change in Patients With Depression*". Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 61 (6).
- ^ Field, William E (Oct 1985). "PHYSICAL CAUSES OF DEPRESSION". Journal of Psychosocial Nursing & Mental Health Services. 23 (10): 6–11. doi:10.3928/0279-3695-19851001-04. PMID 3851843.
- ^ a b Beydoun, May A (2010). [www. e l s ev i e r. c om / l o c a t e / j a d "Pathways linking socioeconomic status to obesity through depression and lifestyle factors among young US adults"]. Journal of Affective Disorders. 123 (1–3): 52–63. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2009.09.021. PMC 2860015. PMID 19853306.
{{cite journal}}: Check|url=value (help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e f Jensen, Linda Welsch; Decker, Linda; Andersen, Mary Milander (January 2006). "Depression and Health-Promoting Lifestyles of Persons with Mental Illnesses". Issues in Mental Health Nursing. 27 (6): 617–634. doi:10.1080/01612840600642919. PMID 16923733.
- ^ a b c Harris, Tirril O (January 1996). "Social causes of depression". Current Opinion in Psychiatry. 9 (1): 3-10. doi:10.1097/00001504-199601000-00002.
{{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c Field, William E (Oct 1985). "PHYSICAL CAUSES OF DEPRESSION". Journal of Psychosocial Nursing & Mental Health Services. 23 (10): 6–9. doi:10.3928/0279-3695-19851001-04. PMID 3851843.