User:Mr. Ibrahem/Savant syndrome
| Mr. Ibrahem/Savant syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Autistic savant, idiot savant (historical)[1] |
 | |
| Kim Peek, the savant who was the inspiration for the main character in the movie Rain Man | |
| Specialty | Neurology, psychiatry |
| Symptoms | General mental disability with certain abilities far in excess of average[1][2] |
| Types | Congenital, acquired[3] |
| Causes | Neurodevelopmental disorder such as autism spectrum disorder, brain injury[1] |
| Frequency | c. 1 in a million people[4] |
Savant syndrome is a condition in which someone with significant mental disabilities demonstrates certain abilities far in excess of average.[1][2] The skills that savants excel at are generally related to memory.[1] This may include rapid calculation, artistic ability, map making, or musical ability.[1] Usually, only one exceptional skill is present.[1]
Those with the condition generally have a neurodevelopmental disorder such as autism spectrum disorder or have a brain injury.[1] About half of cases are associated with autism, and these individuals may be known as "autistic savants".[1] While the condition usually becomes apparent in childhood, some cases develop later in life.[1] It is not recognized as a mental disorder within the DSM-5.[5]
The condition is rare.[1] One estimate is that it affects about one in a million people.[4] The condition affects males about 6 times as often as females.[1] The first medical account of the condition was in 1783.[1] Among those with autism, 1 in 10 to 1 in 200 have savant syndrome to some degree.[1] It is estimated that there are fewer than a hundred savants with extraordinary skills currently living.[1]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Treffert DA (May 2009). "The savant syndrome: an extraordinary condition. A synopsis: past, present, future". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. 364 (1522): 1351–7. doi:10.1098/rstb.2008.0326. PMC 2677584. PMID 19528017.
- ^ a b Miller LK (January 1999). "The savant syndrome: intellectual impairment and exceptional skill". Psychological Bulletin. 125 (1): 31–46. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.1.31. PMID 9990844.
- ^ Hughes JR (2012). "The savant syndrome and its possible relationship to epilepsy". Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 724: 332–43. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-0653-2_25. PMID 22411254.
- ^ a b Hyltenstam, Kenneth (2016). Advanced Proficiency and Exceptional Ability in Second Languages. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 258. ISBN 9781614515173. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-03.
- ^ Sperry, Len (2015). Mental Health and Mental Disorders: An Encyclopedia of Conditions, Treatments, and Well-Being [3 volumes]: An Encyclopedia of Conditions, Treatments, and Well-Being. ABC-CLIO. p. 969. ISBN 9781440803833. Archived from the original on 2018-01-04. Retrieved 2018-01-03.