User:Mk32/sandbox/Ateneo de Manila/Ateneo de Manila timeline
Timeline[edit]
Before 1859[edit]
- 1803 - Escuela Pia de Manila established by Don Pedro Vivanco
- 1817 - Escuela Pia installed under the direction of a special assembly of the municipality
- 1831 - Escuela Pia renamed Escuela Municipal de Manila
1859 onwards[edit]
- 1859 (December 10) - Jesuits (6 priests and 4 brothers) take over Escuela Municipal de Manila
- 1865 (September 1) - Escuela Municipal renamed Ateneo Municipal de Manila, offered bachillerato and technical courses (leading to licenses/certificates)
- 1881 - Office of Superior of the Jesuits and Rector of the Ateneo officially separated
- 1889 - San Ignacio Church completed
- 1901 - American authorities continue subsidy to the Manila Observatory, but withdraws government support of the school
- 1902 - Ateneo became a private institution
- 1907 - Program in Mechanical Engineering added, by request of Manila Electric Railroad and Light Co.
- 1908 - Licensed to offer Bachelor of Arts degree and certificates in Commerce, Stenography, Mechanics, Surveying, and Mechanical Engineering by American colonial government. (School adopts American system of education).
- 1909 - 50th anniversary; school officially renamed Ateneo de Manila with new seal
- 1914 - Ateneo de Manila reorganized into three departments: Elementary Instruction Dept. (three grades corresponding to intermediate grades), College Department (six years corresponding to high school and college), and Department of Applied Studies (Commerce, Surveying, etc.).
- 1921 - Ateneo de Manila under administration of American Jesuits (20) from Maryland-New York Province. Spanish Jesuits leave due to the international tensions wrought by World War I
- 1925 - Course in Sugar technology added, at request of sugar planters from the Visayas
- 1932 (August 13) - Intramuros campus burned down; San Ignacio Church survives blaze
- 1932 - Ateneo de Manila moved to Padre Faura, next to San Jose Seminary, Jesuit Novitiate and Scholasticate, and Manila Observatory
- 1932 (November) - Classes resume at Padre Faura campus
- 1934 (December 10) - 75th anniversary
- 1936 (June 6) - Law School (College of Law) opened
- 1936 - College of Commerce and College of Industrial Technology opened
- 1939 (December 10) to 1940 - Intramuros campus rebuilt for Grade School
- 1941 (December 8) - Classes suspended indefinitely as World War II breaks out (News announced at the end of the Mass for the Feast of the Immaculate Conception)
- 1941 to 1945 - Ateneo de Manila closed
- 1943 (July 2) - At sundown on the Feast of the Sacred Heart, Padre Faura campus ordered vacated by Japanese forces by 1:00 p.m. of the next day
- 1943 (July 3) - Padre Faura campus vacated
- 1945 (February 3 to March 3) - World War II
- 1945 (February 9 to February 14) - Padre Faura and Intramuros campuses destroyed in World War II
- 1945 to 1946 - Ateneo de Manila temporarily reopened in Nazareth House, Plaza Gulpit, Sampaloc. (Hijas de Jesus offered the use of the retreat house)
- 1946 (July) - Padre Faura campus reopened, with quonset huts serving as buildings. All units located in the same campus
- 1947 - Graduate School of Arts and Sciences opened
- 1949 - Blue Eagle Gym is built in Loyola Heights, Quezon City (opened December 3)
- 1950 - Graduate School of Arts and Sciences becomes coeducational
- 1952 (January 8) - Ateneo de Manila moves most school units (College, High School) to Loyola Heights; Law and Business schools remain in Padre Faura
- 1954 (December 8) - Grade School campus in Loyola Heights inaugurated on the Feast of the Immaculate Conception
- 1954 (December 19) - Grade School moves to Loyola Heights, after motorcade from Padre Faura (High Mass celebrated at 7:30 a.m., buildings blessed at 10:00 a.m.)
- 1958 - Administration of the Ateneo is given to the new Philippine Province of the Society of Jesus. School applies for University Charter
- 1959 - 100th anniversary; school becomes a university, officially named Ateneo de Manila University
- 1960 - Graduate School of Economics and Business Administration opened
- 1961 - Law School (College of Law) becomes coeducational
- 1965 - Graduate School of Arts and Sciences moves to Loyola Heights
- 1966 - Graduate School of Economics and Business Administration becomes Graduate School of Business
- 1973 - College of Arts and Sciences becomes coeducational
- 1974 - Professional Schools established
- 1977 (June) - Salcedo campus in Makati opened; units in Padre Faura (AGSB, Law) moved to Makati, collectively known as the Professional Schools
- 1996 - School of Government opened
- 1998 - Rockwell campus opens; Professional Schools unit moves in
- 2000 - Graduate School & College of Arts and Sciences reorganized into the Loyola Schools, consisting of 4 colleges/schools
- 2002 (July 31) - Church of the Gesù completed and inaugurated on the Feast of Saint Ignatius of Loyola
- 2007 (June 18) - Ortigas campus in Pasig opens, home of new School of Medicine and Public Health
- 2009 (December 10) - 150th anniversary
- 2013 (June 5) - Junior High School opened
Campuses[edit]
Present Campuses[edit]
- Loyola Heights, Quezon City (1949/1952 - first day of classes January 8, 1952)
- Ateneo de Manila University, Katipunan Avenue, Loyola Heights, Quezon City 1108
- Salcedo Village, Makati (June 1977)
- 130 H. V. De La Costa Street, Salcedo Village, Makati 1227
- Rockwell Center, Makati (1998 - inaugurated January 16, 1999)
- 20 Rockwell Drive, Rockwell Center, Makati 1200
- Ortigas Center, Pasig (June 18, 2007)
- Don Eugenio López, Sr. Medical Complex, Ortigas Avenue, Ortigas Center, Pasig 1605
- Extension offices:
- Santa Rosa, Laguna
- Subic Bay Freeport Zone, Olongapo, Zambales
- Cebu City, Cebu
- Lipa, Batangas (2009)
Former Campuses[edit]
- Calle Arzobispo, Manila (Intramuros) (1859-1932; 1939-1945)
- 408 Calle Padre Faura, Ermita, Manila (1932-1977)
- Plaza Gulpit, Sampaloc, Manila (1945-1946 - temporary)
Notes[edit]
Professional Schools[edit]
http://www.ateneo.edu/alumni/news/ateneo-professional-schools-celebrate-40-years
http://manilastandardtoday.com/mobile/2014/03/22/four-as-one-for-others/
In 1974, then Ateneo de Manila University President, Fr. Jose A. Cruz, S.J. issued a memo to the Ateneo de Manila community announcing the “Reorganization Plan for Central University Administration.” The memo announced the creation of the Office of the Vice President (VP) for the Ateneo Professional Schools (APS) and the appointment of its first Vice President, Fr. Thomas R. Fitzpatrick, S.J. Reporting to Fr. Fitzpatrick were the College of Law, established in 1936, the Graduate School of Business (GSB) established in 1960). In the 1990s, Dr. Alfredo R. A. Bengzon was appointed as VP of the professional schools and it was under his watch, with Fr. Bienvenido Nebres SJ as university president, that the Schools of Government (2001) and Medicine and Public Health (2007) were established. Batanes Representative Henedina Abad was the founding dean of ASoG while Dr. Bengzon served as the first dean of the school of medicine.
Graduate School[edit]
See: http://univarchives.admu.edu.ph/archivalresources/archival%20resources%20tarps%20images.pdf
Bachillerato[edit]
http://web.archive.org/web/19971210233419/www.admu.edu.ph/Profiles/history/default.html
Six years later, in 1865, the Escuela Municipal was raised to the status of a secondary school. It was also given approval to add a five-year program leading to the Bachillerate. Courses in music and arts were also taught, and subsequently technical courses were added, leading to certificates in Agriculture, Surveying and Business. More significantly, in this year, the school came to be known as the Ateneo Municipal de Manila.
http://www.admu.edu.ph/central/archives/sobre.5.gif - J. P. Rizal
http://www.unab.cl/sitio-html/carreras/catalogo/bachillerato_en_artes.pdf - Bachillerato/Bachiller en Artes
Page 285 - The Philippine Islands, 1493-1803 by Edward Gaylord Bourne
Escuela Pia de Manila[edit]
The Philippine Islands, 1493-1803 by Edward Gaylord Bourne - Don Pedro Vivanco - Escuela Pia - 1803
Ateneo Municipal de Manila[edit]
National Historical Institute - September 1, 1865 - Ateneo Municipal de Manila
An Introduction to Philippine History by José S. Arcilla
Ateneo de Manila 100th Anniversary - 1959[edit]
The GUIDON - July 20, 1959 - Ateneo de Manila 100th Anniversary - 1859-1959
Pictures[edit]
http://bleachersbrew.blogspot.com/2008/08/on-way-home.html
San Jose Seminary (separate)[edit]
http://www.josefino.net/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=15&Itemid=27
http://www.flickr.com/groups/69656716@N00/discuss/72157604185533769/
http://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1950/apr1950/gr_l-2523_1950.html
Grade School inauguration[edit]
Ateneo in the rebulit Intramuros campus and Plaza Gulpit[edit]
http://www.ateneo.edu/ateneo/www/SiteFiles/File/OUD&AR/pdf%20files/TheHILL02.pdf - Page 11-12 - MQL, Jr.
Grade School[edit]
On the night of August 13, 1932, a big fire razed the Ateneo buildings in Intramuros. Classrooms, equipment, chapels, dormitories, museums, and the famous Rizal collection became virtual ashes in a matter of hours. Only the Mission House and the adjoining church of St. Ignatius were saved through the heroic efforts of the Fathers and the firemen. The whole Ateneo had burned down. The Jesuit superiors quickly decided to move Ateneo to Padre Faura campus in the Ermita section of Manila where the San Jose Seminary and the Jesuit Novitiate and Scholasticate occupied a commodious building. The San Jose Seminary was then moved to the Mission House, and the Novitiate and Scholasticate were transferred to La Ignaciana in Sta. Ana. The big stone and wood building in Padre Faura was improved and expanded.
November of the same year, the Ateneo Grade School resumed classes. In 1936, Father Luis Pacquing, S.J., became the first Filipino Headmaster. Before long, the Padre Faura campus became too small for the three Ateneo departments. On December 10, 1939, which was the 80th anniversary of the transfer of the “Escuela Municipal de Manila” to the Jesuits, the cornerstone of the new grade school building was laid and blessed in the Walled City. By 1940, this edifice stood proud and complete.
When the war broke out in 1941, classes were again disrupted. The Japanese invaders set the grade school buildings on fire, making a holocaust of hundreds of people who had taken refuge in them. This time, nothing was spared: the Manila Observatory, the Mission House and the St. Ignatius Church also went up in smoke. The American, Spanish and Filipino Jesuits endured years of untold suffering in the hands of the Japanese.
Manila was finally liberated in 1945. Classes resumed at Nazareth House, a retreat house in Plaza Guipit, which had been offered for the use of the Ateneo by the Hijas de Jesus. By July 1946, Ateneo returned to its former site in Padre Faura. There, two dozens quonset huts had been erected and small sections of the destroyed buildings had been roofed over. The grade school, high school and college were again together in a new campus in temporary shelters amidst the ruins of war.
All Units[edit]
Devastation hit the Ateneo campus once again during World War II. Only one structure remained standing – the statue of St. Joseph and the Child Jesus which now stands in front of the Jesuit Residence in the Loyola Heights campus. Ironwork and statuary salvaged from the Ateneo ruins have since been incorporated into various existing Ateneo buildings. Some examples are the Ateneo monograms on the gates of the Loyola Heights campus, the iron grillwork on the ground floor of Xavier Hall, and the statue of the Immaculate Conception displayed at the University archives.
But even if the Ateneo campus had been destroyed, the university survived. Following the American liberation, the Ateneo de Manila reopened temporarily in Plaza Guipit in Sampaloc. The Padre Faura campus reopened in 1946 with Quonset huts serving as buildings among the campus ruins.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/14117283@N03/2671137520/ - Padre Faura Entrance
Ateneo History[edit]
Ateneo de Manila University[edit]
The Intramuros Years[edit]
In 1859, ten Spanish Jesuits headed by Father Jose Fernandez Cuevas arrived in the Philippines. Though their orders were to evangelize our Muslim brothers in the south, a petition by the Spanish residents urging them to run a school was endorsed by the then Governor-General Norzagaray. Such petition was forthcoming given the widespread reputation of the Jesuits as excellent educators. Father Cuevas humbly accepted the request and on December 10, 1859, the Escuela Municipal de Manila under the administration of the Jesuits opened. It had an initial enrollment of 33 boys mainly from the peninsulares and illustrado families of Manila.
Six years later, in 1865, the Escuela Municipal was raised to the status of a secondary school. It was also given approval to add a five-year program leading to the Bachillerate. Courses in music and arts were also taught, and subsequently technical courses were added, leading to certificates in Agriculture, Surveying and Business. More significantly, in this year, the school came to be known as the Ateneo Municipal de Manila.
The martyrdom of Fathers José Burgos, Mariano Gómez, and Jacinto Zamora in 1872 became a turning point in Philippine history as it was one of the main sparks that lit the fires of the Philippine Revolution. One of those affected by this event was young José Rizal who entered the Ateneo during this year.
At the turn of the century the new American regime brought about changes in the Ateneo. In 1901, with the withdrawal of the city subsidy, the Ateneo became a private institution and dropped the word "Municipal" from its official title. By 1908, the Ateneo was recognized by the American colonial government as a college. A Bachelor of Arts degree and certificates in various disciplines were permitted to be conferred to eligible graduates. In 1921 the American Jesuits of the Maryland-New York Province replaced the Spanish Jesuits as teachers and administrators of the Ateneo. With this transition English replaced Spanish as the medium of instruction. The school was also reorganized into the typical American high school and college. Eight years later, on June 2, 1929, the maiden issue of the Guidon was published. After these events, a more liberal Ateneo began to emerge.
In 1932 an unfortunate event happened. A huge fire engulfed the Ateneo destroying all its buildings. A spark that started in a store at the corner of Real and General Luna streets in Intramuros precipitated an inferno that found its way from the Public Works Building on Arzobispo street to the Ateneo. In a matter of minutes, the whole campus was razed to the ground leaving nothing except for the Blessed Sacrament and the priceless relics of Rizal saved by the heroic dash of a group of alumni. Fortunately, there were no lives lost. And even if the students were left with no buildings, the indomitable Ateneo spirit continued to live on. After this loss, the Ateneo transferred to Padre Faura which at that time housed San Jose Seminary.
The Padre Faura Years[edit]
The 1940s tested that same fabled Ateneo spirit. World War II became a period of sacrifice for most Ateneans. Whether it was by participating in anti-Japanese propaganda or fighting the invaders as guerillas, Ateneans showed exceptional heroism which helped in resisting the Japanese forces as well as in winning our liberation. Notable figures include Cesar Basa who, despite being outnumbered by Japanese warplanes fought with great courage and Manuel Colayco, Guidon's first editor-in-chief, who was killed by a land mine while leading American liberation forces in taking over the University of Santo Tomas. Several other Ateneans fought bravely for their country, and their patriotism was to inspire generations of Ateneans to come.
The Padre Faura campus was not spared from the massive devastation wrought by the war. In 1945, the school temporarily reopened in Plaza Guipit, Sampaloc while the Padre Faura campus was being rehabilitated. A year later, the Ateneo returned to Padre Faura.
The Loyola Heights Years[edit]
In January of 1952, the College and the High School transferred to the present campus in Loyola Heights, Quezon City. Two years later, the Grade School followed. The transfer to Loyola Heights signified a new era for the Ateneo. With its peaceful, conducive, and unspoiled environment, Ateneo's formative mission of molding men and women for others was to continue. It was a wise move, for the urbanization of Manila was inevitable along with the distractions that came with it. On its centennial year of 1959, the Ateneo was granted a charter by the Department of Education declaring it a university. The following year was also significant for the first Filipino rector of the Ateneo, Fr. Francisco Araneta, S.J., assumed office.
The 1960s saw more buildings added to the sprawling campus. In 1961, the Science Building and the Manila Observatory were built. The Chemistry building along with the Cervini Hall, which replaced Bellarmine as the college dormitory, were constructed in 1965. A year later, Loyola House of Studies was completed and the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences transferred to Loyola Heights. A progressive labor policy by the administration was also implemented in this era. In 1964, family allowance benefits complemented the social security benefits that employees were receiving. The administration's labor-friendly stance also allowed the creation of the Ateneo de Manila University Employers and Workers Union in 1966 without opposition. Following this, the Administration signed a collective bargaining agreement with the newly formed Union in 1967. A year later, the University adopted the CEAP Retirement Plan to ensure financial security to its employees even after serving the Ateneo.
The turbulent 70s was characterized by an increasing nationalistic consciousness that swept throughout university circles in Manila. Student activism was at its height with Ateneo at its forefront. Two notable student activists who headed the National Union of Students of the Philippines (NUSP) were Ronaldo Puno and Ed Jopson. They represented the sentiments of the studentry against the mounting oppression and suppression of civil liberties that preceded the imposition of Martial Law. The Student Council was not spared from the influence of subversive elements. It questioned the positions held by the American Jesuits in the University and called for the use of Pilipino as the medium of instruction. The Guidon, which supported the Student Council, was published in Pilipino. A significant event took place in 1973 when the College of Arts and Sciences became coeducational. That same year, the Padre Faura property was sold and the Graduate School of Business as well as the Law School transferred to the Ateneo Professional Schools building in Makati after its completion in 1977.