User:Ltwin/Sandbox 13

This is the user sandbox of Ltwin. A user sandbox is a subpage of the user's user page. It serves as a testing spot and page development space for the user and is not an encyclopedia article. Create or edit your own sandbox here.

Other sandboxes: Main sandbox | Template sandbox

Finished writing a draft article? Are you ready to request review of it by an experienced editor for possible inclusion in Wikipedia? Submit your draft for review!

Early Christianity

History[edit]

Origins[edit]

Hellenism[edit]

Not in article yet

By the time Christianity began in the 1st century, the societies of the Ancient Near East and the Roman Empire had undergone Hellenization (the spread of Greek culture) during the Hellenistic period, which started with the rise of Alexander the Great (356–323 BC). The New Testament was written in Koine Greek, the lingua franca of the 1st century.^[1]

Greek and Roman religion was polytheistic and focused around mythology and animal sacrifice. Through sacrifice, the people were purified and the relationship between humanity and the gods was maintained according to the principle of do ut des ("I give so that you might give").Within Greco-Roman polytheism were the mystery religions characterized by secretive rites of initiation, common meals, adherents' identification with the fate of a god, and hope for an afterlife or rebirth. Mystery religions had some similarities with Christianity.^[2]

Second Temple Judaism[edit]

Not in article:
The basic tenets of Judaism were ethical monotheism, the Torah (or Law), and eschatological hope in a future messianic age.^[3]

Jesus[edit]

1st century[edit]

Women[edit]

1st century literature[edit]

Early Christianity was diverse and lacked fully set beliefs.^[4]

2nd century[edit]

References[edit]

^ Schnelle 2020, pp. 13–17.
^ Schnelle 2020, pp. 18–21 & 25.
^ González 1987, p. 37.
^ McGrath 2013, p. 2.

Sources[edit]

Bond, Helen K. (2012). The Historical Jesus: A Guide for the Perplexed. Bloomsbury Academic. ISBN 9780567125101.
Chadwick, Henry (1993). The Early Church. The Penguin History of the Church. Vol. 1 (revised ed.). Penguin Books. ISBN 0140231994.
Dunn, James D.G. Jews and Christians: The Parting of the Ways, AD 70 to 135. Pp 33–34. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing (1999). ISBN 0-8028-4498-7.
Esler, Philip F. The Early Christian World (2nd ed.). Routledge (2017). ISBN 978-1-351-67829-2.
Fredriksen, Paula (1999). Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews: A Jewish Life and the Emergence of Christianity. Vintage Books. ISBN 0-679-76746-0.
González, Justo L. (1987). A History of Christian Thought. Vol. 1: From the Beginnings to the Council of Chalcedon (revised ed.). Abingdon Press. ISBN 0-687-17182-2.
González, Justo L. (2010). The Story of Christianity. Vol. 1 The Early Church to the Dawn of the Reformation (revised and updated ed.). HarperCollins. ISBN 9780061855887.
Hopkins, Keith (1998). "Christian Number and Its Implications". Journal of Early Christian Studies. 6 (2). Johns Hopkins University Press: 185–226. doi:10.1353/earl.1998.0035. ISSN 1086-3184. Project MUSE 9960.
Klutz, Todd (2000). "Paul and the Development of Gentile Christianity". In Esler, Philip F. (ed.). The Early Christian World. Routledge Worlds. Routledge. pp. 178–190. ISBN 9781032199344.
MacCulloch, Diarmaid (2010). Christianity: The First Three Thousand Years. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-1-101-18999-3.
Marcus, Joel (2006). "Jewish Christianity". In Mitchell, Margaret M.; Young, Frances M. (eds.). The Cambridge History of Christianity. Vol. 1: Origins to Constantine. Cambridge University Press. pp. 87–102. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521812399. ISBN 9781139054836.
Mitchell, Margaret M. (2006). "Gentile Christianity". In Mitchell, Margaret M.; Young, Frances M. (eds.). The Cambridge History of Christianity. Vol. 1: Origins to Constantine. Cambridge University Press. pp. 103–124. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521812399. ISBN 9781139054836.
McGrath, Alister (2013). Christian History: An Introduction. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 9781118337806.
Schnelle, Udo (2020). The First One Hundred Years of Christianity: An Introduction to Its History, Literature, and Development. Translated by Thompson, James W. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Baker Academic. ISBN 978-1-4934-2242-5.
Seifrid, Mark A. (1992). Justification by Faith: The Origin and Development of a Central Pauline Theme. Novum Testamentum, Supplements. Leiden: Brill Publishers. ISBN 90-04-09521-7. ISSN 0167-9732.

Mitchell, Margaret M.; Young, Frances M., eds. (2006). The Cambridge History of Christianity. Vol. 1: Origins to Constantine. Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/CHOL9780521812399. ISBN 9781139054836.