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calcaneum

Plural: calcanea. The calcaneum is a major bone of the ankle (at the rear of the foot), and together with the astragalus forms the upper row of tarsal bones. It is located lateral to the astragalus and distal to the fibula.

caputegulum

Plural: caputegulae. Caputegulae (Latin "skull tiles") are flat bones covering the skull bones of ankylosaurs. Together with the pyramidal-shaped horns, they form the ornamentation of the skull. Coined by William T. Blowes in 2001, the term can be used for elements representing both co-ossified osteoderms or cranial sculpturing. The position of a caputegulum on the skull can be specified with the use of modifiers; e.g., the nasal caputegulae sit atop the nasal bones.

centrum

Plural: centra. Also: vertebral body; corpus. Also defined herewith: amphicoelous; platycoelous; amphiplatyan (also: acoelous); procoelous; opisthocoelous; heterocoelous. The centrum is a spool- or cylinder-shaped element that, together with the neural arch, forms a vertebra. In juveniles, both centra and neural arches are separate elements, and fusion of these elements is an important criterion to determine adulthood. The anterior and posterior surfaces of the centrum form the articulation with the centra of the preceding and following vertebra. Centra can be classified based on the morphology of these articular surfaces.