User:Donald Trung/List of Chinese numismatic charms by inscription

This page serves as "the editing history" of the English Wikipedia article "List of Chinese numismatic charms by inscription" and is preserved for attribution. Note-to-self: David Hartill is absolutely correct that it is rather arbitrary whether something is a "peace inscription" or an "auspicious inscription" or not. Re-organise the list after I'm done with the Manchu Qing Dynasty to be "Number of characters on obverse and / or reverse" > "Number of strokes in the character", the only exceptions being oddly shaped amulets, cash coin inscriptions, and funerary items.

Different types of Chinese numismatic charms in Hội An, Vietnam.

Chinese numismatic charms (traditional Chinese: 花錢; simplified Chinese: 花钱; pinyin: huā qián) are a large family of different types of Chinese charms, amulets, and talismans that have been influenced by the numismatic objects from Chinese history, primarily cash coins. While most Chinese numismatic charms feature similar designs as cash coins (round with a square centre hole), they could in different shapes and sizes and have a large amount of different inscriptions relating to various things from Chinese culture and history. Chinese numismatic charms first started appearing during the Han dynasty period as the earliest charms were just slightly modified cash coins until more designs and categories started appearing throughout Chinese history.

In the case of these coins, "charm" in this context is a catchall term for coin-shaped items which were not official (or counterfeit) money. However, these numismatic objects were not all necessarily considered "magical" or "lucky", as some of these Chinese numismatic charms can be used as "mnemonic coins".

Chinese numismatic charms have a wide variety of inscriptions, including auspicious inscriptions, inscriptions related to the imperial examination system, the various religions in Chinese society as well as the Gods, immortals, Bodhisattvas, spirits, and people associated with them, wealth, business success, marriage, sex life, having children, surviving childhood, famous and notable horses in Chinese history, protection from evil spirits and demons, to protect the wealth of money vaults, as well as death and the afterlife. Chinese numismatic charm inscriptions also appear on the inscriptions of some Japanese, Indonesian, Korean, and Vietnamese numismatic charms, as well as in other forms of art, such as the inscription Changming Fugui (長命富貴) appearing on a porcelain plate.

Variants and number of types

A large number of Chinese numismatic charms have been cast over a period more than 2000 years, these charms have evolved with the changing culture as time passed which is reflected in their themes and inscriptions. In his 2020 work Cast Chinese Amulets British numismatist and author David Hartill had documented over 5000 different types of Chinese numismatic charms. Traditionally catalogues of these amulets are arranged in various of number of methods such as by shape, their size, the meaning of the charms, the Emperor's name, or any other common feature. Unlike other catalogues, Cast Chinese Amulets deliberately avoid such categorisations as it would not be immediately clear to a novice (non-expert) whether an individual Chinese amulet would be considered to be a "Lucky", "Religious", "Family", or "Coin" type charm.

The book Cast Chinese Amulets includes 295 open-work charms, 310 pictorial amulets, 109 zodiac amulets, and 4543 inscription amulets. Cataloguing a total of 5257 Chinese amulets.

Colour codes and organisation

• Grey = The Chinese numismatic charm is made from silver.
• Yellow = The Chinese numismatic charm is made from gold.
• Fuchsia simplified Chinese characters = The inscription of the amulet is actually in Simplified Chinese characters as opposed to the more commonly used traditional Chinese characters, which were typically used for numismatic inscriptions throughout the imperial period.

Charms are generally organised by theme, subject matter, of specific type (including those based on shape), but those that do not fit in a general are organised based on number of characters and other characteristics.

Auspicious and good luck inscriptions

Auspicious and good luck inscriptions
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Changming Fugui	長命富貴	长命富贵	cháng mìng fù guì	"Longevity, wealth, and honour."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Guotai Min'an	國泰民安	国泰民安	guó tài mín ān	"The country is prosperous and the people are in peace."	An inscription wishing for the country to not be at war or subject to any other form of national catastrophe.
Jiren Tianxiang	吉人天相	吉人天相	jí rén tiān xiàng	"Heaven protects the good."	An inscription stating that the celestials offer protection towards those whom they see as "good".
Fugui Shoukao	富貴壽考	富贵寿考	fù guì shòu kǎo	"Wealth, honour, and a long life."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Sishi Jiqing	四時吉慶	四时吉庆	sì shí jí qìng	"Happiness throughout the year."	An inscription wishing for a full year of happiness.
Fengyun Jihui	風雲際會	风云际会	fēng yún jì huì	"Meeting of wind and clouds -- of the familiarity of friendly intercourse."	A reference to "auspicious clouds". The Mandarin Chinese word for "cloud" (雲 , yún) has a similar pronunciation as that for "luck" (運, yùn).
Rui'ai Huatang	瑞靄華堂	瑞霭华堂	ruì ǎi huá táng	"May auspicious clouds envelop your house."	A reference to "auspicious clouds". The Mandarin Chinese word for "cloud" (雲 , yún) has a similar pronunciation as that for "luck" (運, yùn).
Linzhi Chengxiang	麟趾呈祥	麟趾呈祥	lín zhǐ chéng xiáng	"May the unicorn's hoof bring you good luck (may you have many sons)."	An inscription wishing for many male offspring as was the ideal in traditional Confucian culture.
Fugui Changle	富貴昌樂	富贵昌乐	fù guì chāng lè	"Riches and honour, prosperity, and happiness."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Fugui Changjiu	富貴長久	富贵长久	fù guì cháng jiǔ	"Wealth and honour for a long time."	An inscription wishing for an extended period if multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Fugui Lianlian	富貴連連	富贵连连	fù guì lián lián	"Wealth and honour again and again."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Fugui Shuangquan	富貴雙全	富贵双全	fù guì shuāng quán	"Wealth and honour both complete."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Fusui Zai'er	富隨在邇	富随在迩	fù suí zài ěr	"Good fortune is near."	An inscription telling the reader that they will find good luck somewhere close.
Dingcai Guishou	丁財貴壽	丁财贵寿	dīng cái guì shòu	"May you acquire wealth, honour (high rank), and longevity."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Fu Shou	福壽	福寿	fú shòu	"Happiness and longevity."	An inscription wishing for both happiness and longevity.
Shuang Quan	雙全	双全	shuāng quán	"Both complete."	An inscription wishing for both happiness and longevity.
Fushou Shuangquan	福壽雙全	福寿双全	fú shòu shuāng quán	"Happiness and longevity both complete."	An inscription wishing for both happiness and longevity.
Wanfu Lailin	萬福來臨	万福来临	wàn fú lái lín	"May every happiness be present."	An inscription wishing for all forms of happiness.
Fushou Tongtian	福壽同天	福寿同天	fú shòu tóng tiān	"Good fortune and longevity on the same day."	An inscription wishing for both good luck and longevity.
Fuzai Yanqian	福在眼前	福在眼前	fú zài yǎn qián	"Good fortune is before your eyes."	An inscription using a visual pun wishing for good fortune/good luck.
Duofu Duoshou	多福多壽	多福多寿	duō fú duō shòu	"Much happiness and long life."	An inscription wishing for both happiness and longevity.
Yishi Yijia	宜室宜家	宜室宜家	yí shì yí jiā	"Ordering well her house and home (to act as becomes a wife)."	An inscription indicating that it is the wife's duty to keep her house orderly.
Si Xi Wa	四喜娃	四喜娃	sì xǐ wá	"Four Happiness Boys."	An inscription making a reference to the "Four Happiness Boys".
Sixi Heju	四喜合局	四喜合局	sì xǐ hé jú	"Four happinesses joined together."	An inscription making a reference to the "four happinesses".
Tong Xi	同喜	同喜	tóng xǐ	"Shared happiness."	An inscription making a reference to happiness.
Fuzi Tianlai	福自天来	福自天来	fú zì tiān lái	"Good fortune (happiness) comes from heaven."	An inscription stating that only the immortals and Gods can bestow happiness.
Xicong Tianjiang	喜從天降	喜从天降	xǐ cóng tiān jiàng	"Happiness falls from heaven."	An inscription stating that only the immortals and Gods can bestow happiness.
Yingfu Naji	迎福納吉	迎福纳吉	yíng fú nà jí	"Beckoning and acquiring good fortune."	An inscription wishing for good fortune/good luck.
Yuanheng Lizhen	元亨利貞	元亨利贞	yuán hēng lì zhēn	"Sign of the great sacrifice." "Auspicious omen."	An inscription referencing a sacrifice or martyrdom. The first four characters in the I-Ching are Yuan Heng Li Zhen (元亨利贞) but their interpretation has challenged scholars throughout the millennia.  Some interpret the meaning, in regard to divination, as "Sign of the great sacrifice. - Auspicious omen." Some of the Confucians interpreted the meaning as the "four virtues".
Ji Xiang	吉祥	吉祥	jí xiáng	"Auspicious wish (good fortune)."	An inscription wishing for good fortune/good luck.
Jixiang Ruyi	吉祥如意	吉祥如意	jí xiáng rú yì	"May your good fortune be according to your wishes." "All hapiness to you."	An inscription wishing for good fortune/good luck.
Jiqing Ruyi	吉慶如意	吉庆如意	jí qìng rú yì	"May your happiness be according to your wishes."	An inscription wishing for happiness.
Da Ji	大吉	大吉	dà jí	"Good luck."	An inscription wishing for good fortune/good luck.
Daji Dali	大吉大利	大吉大利	dà jí dà lì	"Good luck."	An inscription wishing for good fortune/good luck.
Jiqing Youyu	積慶有余	积庆有余	jī qìng yǒu yú	"Accumulate a surplus of luck (such as comes to virtuous families)."	An inscription wishing for good fortune/good luck.
Fengxiong Huaji	逢凶化吉	逢凶化吉	féng xiōng huà jí	"May evil (bad luck) turn into good fortune."	An inscription wishing for good fortune/good luck.
Changming Daji	長命大吉	长命大吉	cháng mìng dà jí	"Longevity and good luck."	An inscription wishing for both good fortune/good luck and longevity.
Shangshang Daji	上上大吉	上上大吉	shàng shàng dà jí	"The very best of good luck."	An inscription wishing for good fortune/good luck.
Jinshang Tianhua	錦上添花	锦上添花	jǐn shàng tiān huā	"To add flowers to embroidery."	To improve things.
Meizhan Chunkui	梅占春魁	梅占春魁	méi zhàn chūn kuí	"The flowering plum stands first among spring flowers."	Plums stand for Hopefulness and courageousness; the Chinese five blessings (plum blossom petals). The plum is one of the Chinese Three Friends of Winter. The ancient Chinese associated plums with courage due to the fact that plums blossom first while the winter still poses a threat to its fruits, which is considered to be brave.
Meikai Wufu	梅開五福	梅开五福	méi kāi wǔ fú	"The plum blossoms with the Five Happinesses (Five Blessings)."	A reference to the five fortunes (五福) wishing for good luck.
Churu Ping'an	出入平安	出入平安	chū rù píng ān	"May your coming and going be in peace."	An inscription wishing for a safe journey.
Churu Tongtai	出入通泰	出入通泰	chū rù tōng tài	"May you be prosperous upon your return."	An inscription wishing for the wearer to return in a state of prosperity.
Youqiu Biying	有求必應	有求必应	yǒu qiú bì yìng	"Ask and you shall receive."	An inscription wishing to have one's wants fulfilled.
Qianqiu Wansui	千秋萬歲	千秋万岁	qiān qiū wàn suì	"A thousand autumns and ten thousand years."	A wish for ten thousand years of good fortune.
Qianxiang Yunji	千祥雲集	千祥云集	qiān xiáng yún jí	"May good luck accumulate like clouds."	An inscription wishing for a lot of good luck.
Xiangqing Ronghua	祥慶榮華	祥庆荣华	xiáng qìng róng huá	"Happiness and celebration, prosperity, and high position."	An inscription wishing for various auspicious things, largely related to the Confucian imperial examination system.
Jixing Gongzhao	吉星拱照	吉星拱照	jí xīng gǒng zhào	"May a lucky star protect and shine on me."	An inscription wishing for a star-god to both bless and protect its wearer.
Fuchang Deshou	福長德壽	福长德寿	fú cháng dé shòu	"Extensive fortune, virtue, and longevity."	An inscription wishing for various auspicious things.
Wufu Pengshou	五福捧壽	五福捧寿	wǔ fú pěng shòu	"Five fortunes surround longevity (usually 5 bats surround "Shou" 壽)."	A reference to the five fortunes (五福) wishing for good luck.
Wufu Linmen	五福臨門	五福临门	wǔ fú lín mén	"May the five fortunes arrive at your door."	A reference to the five fortunes (五福) wishing for good luck.
Wufu Hehe	五福和合	五福和合	wǔ fú hé hé	"May you have harmony and the five fortunes (usually 5 bats surround box 盒)."	A reference to the five fortunes (五福) wishing for good luck.
Sanyang Kaitai	三陽開泰	三阳开泰	sān yáng kāi tài	"The opening of nature in spring." ("lucky", "happy").	An inscription wishing for both good luck and happiness.
Sanduo Jiuru	三多九如	三多九如	sān duō jiǔ rú	"Sanduo (Three Abundances): May you have an abundance of blessings, abundance of years, and abundance of offspring." "Jiuru (Nine Blessings): May you be as the mountains and the hills, as the greater and the lesser heights, as the streams which flow in all directions, having the constancy of the moon, like the rising sun, with the longevity of the southern mountain, and the green luxuriance of the fir and the cypress."	A reference to two different sets of Chinese auspicious symbols.
Wanfu Laichao	萬福來朝	万福来朝	wàn fú lái cháo	"May a myriad (10,000) of blessings come early."	An auspicious wish for good luck.
Wanbao Laichao	萬寶來朝	万宝来朝	wàn bǎo lái cháo	"May a myriad (10,000) of treasures come early."	An auspicious wish for good luck.
Bailu Shihe	百祿是荷	百禄是荷	bǎi fú pián zhēn	"I will be grateful for great prosperity."	A promise to show gratitude for good fortune and blessings.
Baifu Pianzhen	百福駢臻	百福骈臻	bǎi fú pián zhēn	"May every blessing rest here!"	An auspicious wish for good luck.
Fuxing Gaozhao	福星高照	福星高照	fú xīng gāo zhào	"Let the five good fortunes shine brightly". "The God of Luck brings fortune".	A request to be blessed by the God of Good Luck, Fu.
Shangtian Yan Haoshi, Huigong Jiangji Xiang	上天言好事, 回宮降吉祥	上天言好事, 回宫降吉祥	shàng tiān yán hǎo shì, huí gōng jiàng jí xiáng	"Ascend to heaven and speak of good deeds", "Return to your palace and bring good fortune."	An auspicious wish for good luck.
Wufu Kang Ningjiu	五福康寧九	五福康宁九	wǔ fú kāng níng jiǔ	"The Five Fortunes, health and composure, for a long time."	An auspicious inscription.
Qian Suichun Qiuba	千歲春秋八	千岁春秋八	qiān suì chūn qiū bā	"A thousand years of springs and autumns and wealth." "A long and prosperous life."	A wish for an auspicious life and longevity.
Hengcai Shunli	橫財順利	横财顺利	héng cái shùn lì	"May windfall profits come easily".	A wish for a successful business.
Youzhi Chengren	有志成人	有志成人	yǒu zhì chéng rén	"If you have the will you will succeed in life."	That hard work leads to success.

Protective inscriptions, magic spells, house charms, and incantations

Protective inscriptions, magic spells, house charms, and incantations
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Chuxiong Quyang, Bibing Modang	除凶去央, 辟兵莫當	除凶去央, 辟兵莫当	chú xiōng qù yāng, pì bīng mò dāng	"Do away with evil and dispel calamity, avoid hostilities and ward off sickness."	An inscription wishing for protection from various bad things.
Guansha Xiaochu	官煞消除	官煞消除	guān shà xiāo chú	"Dispel life's crises."	The ancient Chinese believed that a human being had to pass through a number of "gates", "barriers", and "crises" during the course of their lives. These "barriers" or "gates" are known in Mandarin Chinese as "guan" (关). A child that had become 15 years of age is believed to have passed through 30 of these dangerous "barriers", "crises", or "gates". These supposed life barriers in traditional Chinese cultured are entitled as "The Barrier of the Demon of the Four Seasons", "The Barrier of the Devil's Gate", and "The Barrier where the Bowels are Severed", Etc. In imperial China, medical care was primitive (further reading: Traditional Chinese medicine) and the mortality rate for Chinese children during this period tended to be very high. During this era it was therefore common for Chinese parents to rely on amulets, talismans, charms, and rituals in order to supposedly protect their offspring as they faced these difficult passages and crises while they were growing up to become adults. The first Chinese character "官" of the legend, which could be translated into the English language as "an official" or "mandarin", should actually be written as "关" which translates into English as either "a gate" or "barrier".
Quyang Chuxiong	去殃除凶	去殃除凶	qù yāng chú xiōng	"Warding off disasters and evils."	An inscription wishing for protection from both evil influences and calamities.
Quxie Zhenxiong	驅邪鎮凶	驱邪镇凶	qū xié zhèn xiōng	"Expel noxious influences and guard against evil."	An inscription wishing for protection from evil influences.
Quxie Qiansha	驅邪遣煞	驱邪遣煞	qū xié qiǎn shà	"Expel and strike dead evil influences."	An inscription wishing for protection from evil and for the evil to be eliminated.
Wanzai Yongmie	萬災永滅	万灾永灭	wàn zāi yǒng miè	"Ten thousand calamities eliminated forever."	An inscription wishing for protection from calamities.
Bibing Modang	辟兵莫當	辟兵莫当	pì bīng mò dāng	"Invulnerable to weapons."	An inscription wishing for protection from weaponry.
Bixie Yingrui	辟邪迎瑞	辟邪迎瑞	bì xié yíng ruì	"Ward off evil influences and receive auspicious omens."	An inscription wishing for protection from evil influences and to receive good luck and other forms of food fortune.
Quxie Bi'e	驅邪辟惡	驱邪辟恶	qū xié pì è	"Drive away evil spirits."	An inscription wishing for protection from evil influences.
Quxie Jiangfu	驅邪降福	驱邪降福	qū xié jiàng fú	"Expel evil and send down good fortune."	An inscription wishing for protection from evil influences and good luck.
Quxie Fuzheng	驅邪輔正	驱邪辅正	qū xié fǔ zhèng	"Expel evil and assist the upright (righteous)."	An inscription wishing for protection from evil influences for the righteous people.
Hanshan Biyou	寒山庇佑	寒山庇佑	hán shān bì yòu	"Hanshan ("Cold Mountain") protect." - "Hanshan bless."	An inscription wishing from protection by the 9th century Tang dynasty period poet named "Hanshan".
Zhanzhi Xiegui	斬治邪鬼	斩治邪鬼	zhǎn zhì xié guǐ	"Behead and punish the demons."	An inscription of a cash coin-like amulet with the eight trigrams that is often placed at the ridgepole or main gate of a Chinese house during construction. Ridgepoles are the main cross beam located at the top of the house which provides major support for the roof.  It is one of the most critical components of a house and its installation requires a special religious ceremony to ward off demons and misfortunes.
Jiuhua Mingshan	九華名山	九华名山	jiǔ huá míng shān	"The famous Mount Jiuhua."	A protective inscription used to ward off evil spirits and demons.
Jiangnan Da-Maoshan	江南大茅山	江南大茅山	jiāng nán dà máo shān	"Mount Mao of Jiangnan (Kiang-Nan)."	A protective inscription used to ward off evil spirits and demons.
Taishan-shi Gandang	泰山石敢當	泰山石敢当	tài shān shí gǎn dāng	"The stone of Taishan dares to resist evil and catastrophe."	A protective inscription used to ward off evil spirits and demons.
Taishan Zaici	泰山在此	泰山在此	tài shān zài cǐ	"Mount Tai is here."	A protective inscription used to ward off evil spirits and demons.
Jiang Taigong Zaici	姜太公在此	姜太公在此	jiāng tài gōng zài cǐ	"The Protector Jiang Taigong is here."	A protective inscription used to ward off evil spirits and demons.
Fenghuang Zaici	鳳凰在此	凤凰在此	fèng huáng zài cǐ	"The male and female phoenix are both here."	A protective inscription used to ward off evil spirits and demons.
Ziwei Gaozhao	紫微高照	紫微高照	zǐ wēi gāo zhào	"Let the purple polar star shine brightly"	The Polar Diety is usually shown with a banner stating "the purple polar star shines directly" (紫微高照) to scare away demons.

Lei Ting curse charms

Main article: Lei Ting curse charm

The inscriptions of Lei Ting curse charms are read up to down and then right to left. Inscriptions can contain both Chinese characters and Taoist "magic" writing. Usually these curse charms request Leigong to fight malicious spirits and bogies but Laozi may also be called upon for this task.

The following inscriptions are found on Lei Ting curse charms:

Lei Ting curse charms
Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hanyu Pinyin	English translation	Catalogue number(s)	Image
雷霆八部，誅鬼降精，斬妖辟邪，永保神清，奉太上老君，急急如律令，敕	雷霆八部，诛鬼降精，斩妖辟邪，永保神清，奉太上老君，急急如律令，敕	Léi Tíng bā bù, zhū guǐ jiàng jīng, zhǎn yāo pì xié, yǒng bǎo shén qīng, fèng Tài Shàng Lǎo Jūn, jí jí rú Lǜ Lìng, chì.	O Thunder God, destroy devils, subdue bogies, and drive away evil influences. Receive this command of Tai Shang Lao Qun (Laozi) and execute it as fast as Lü Ling.
雷走殺鬼降精，斬妖出邪永保，神情奉，太上老君急汲之令	雷走杀鬼降精，斩妖出邪永保，神情奉，太上老君急汲之令	léi zǒu shā guǐ jiàng jīng, zhǎn yāo chū xié yǒng bǎo, shén qíng fèng, tài shàng lǎo jūn jí jí zhī lìng	God of Thunder vanquish and exterminate the malicious ghosts and bring us purity. Separate the heads from the demons, expel that which is malicious and keep us safe from harm forever more. Let this decree from Tai Shang Lao Jun (Laozi) be executed quickly.
雷霆{雷霆}殺鬼降精，斬妖辟邪永保，太上老君急{急}如律令敕	雷霆{雷霆}杀鬼降精，斩妖辟邪永保，太上老君急{急}如律令敕	léi tíng { léi tíng } shā guǐ jiàng jīng, zhǎn yāo pì xié yǒng bǎo, tài shàng lǎo jūn jí { jí } rú lǜ lìng chì	God of Thunder use your thunderbolts, God of Thunder use your thunderbolts to kill malicious ghosts and send purity down to the world. Separate the heads from the demons, expel that which is malicious and keep us safe from harm forever more. Receive this edict from Tai Shang Lao Jun (Laozi) himself and Let this order be executed as fast as Lü Ling.
太上咒曰天元地方，六律九，章，符神到處萬鬼，滅亡急如律，令	太上咒曰天元地方，六律九，章，符神到处万鬼，灭亡急如律，令	tài shàng zhòu yuē tiān yuán dì fāng, liù lǜ jiǔ, zhāng, fú shén dào chù wàn guǐ, miè wáng jí rú lǜ lìng	Laozi curses by saying that the Heaven is round and the earth is square, and exclaims the Nine Songs of the Six Temperaments. The spirit of the magic writing (which in this context refers to 符文, Fu script) will destroy the ten thousand ghosts everywhere, let this decree be acted upon as fast as Lü Ling.
雷霆號令 (obverse) 永保壽考 (reverse)	雷霆号令 (obverse) 永保寿考 (reverse)	Léi Tíng hào lìng (obverse) yǒng bǎo shòu kǎo (reverse)	Thunderbolts of Leigong be commanded. (obverse) To protect (us) eternally and to (let us) enjoy a long life. (reverse)
咸豐通寶 (obverse) 雷霆八部，誅鬼降精，斬妖辟邪，永保神清，奉太上老君，急急如律令，敕 (reverse)	咸丰通宝 (obverse) 雷霆八部，诛鬼降精，斩妖辟邪，永保神清，奉太上老君，急急如律令，敕 (reverse)	Xián fēng tōng bǎo (obverse) Léi Tíng bā bù, zhū guǐ jiàng jīng, zhǎn yāo pì xié, yǒng bǎo shén qīng, fèng Tài Shàng Lǎo Jūn, jí jí rú Lǜ Lìng, chì. (reverse)	Xianfeng Tongbao (obverse) O Thunder God, destroy devils, subdue bogies, and drive away evil influences. Receive this command of Tai Shang Lao Qun (Laozi) and execute it as fast as Lü Ling. (reverse)
雷 雷 雷 雷 雷 (obverse) 敕 令 (reverse)	雷 雷 雷 雷 雷 (obverse) 敕 令 (reverse)	Léi léi léi léi léi (obverse) chì lìng (reverse)	Thunder thunder thunder thunder thunder (obverse) Immediate command (reverse)

Religious charms

Purely or specifically religious amulets are quite rare since Chinese folk religion mixes elements of the three great philosophies, Buddhism, Daoism, and Confucianism. There, most Chinese amulets tend to be syncretic amulets where we have both religious elements (images or names of deities or immortals), symbolic motifs (trigrams, etc.), prayers, and/or secret graphs (符, fù). There are specifically Buddhist or Taoist amulets and syncretic amulets, but also Christian amulets.

Syncretic religious charms

List of syncretic Chinese folk religion coin charm inscriptions
Transliteration	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
An ma ni ba ni hong	唵嘛呢叭呢吽 ☰☵☶☳☴☲☷☱	唵嘛呢叭呢吽 ☰☵☶☳☴☲☷☱	"Om Mani Padme Hum."	Chinese transcription of the Buddhist formula "Om Mani Padme Hum", "Hail! O jewel in the lotus!" and the eight trigrams from Daoism.	Thierry 1987 n°50; Xu Liuliang et alii n°1570
A Mi Tuo Fo San Guan jing	阿彌陀佛 三官經	阿弥陀佛 三官经	"Amitābha Buddha" "The canon of the three agents."	A reference is made to a sacred book of Daoist inspiration: the Three Agents, the Heavenly Agent, the Earth Agent and the Water Agent, are three celestial officials endowed with protective powers. We mainly know the invocation to the Heavenly Agent, Tian guan ci fu (天官賜福, "May the Heavenly Agent bring happiness").
Om Ma Ni Pad Me Hum [A Daoist "secret writing" character] Changming Fugui The Eight Trigrams	唵呾吶嘛呢叭咪吽 長命冨貴 ☰☱☲☳☴☵☶☷	唵呾吶嘛呢叭咪吽 长命冨贵 ☰☱☲☳☴☵☶☷	"To shout Majestically "Om Ma Ni Pad Me Hum" A Daoist "magic" incantation (To Expel Evil)." "Longevity, riches, and honour" The Eight Trigrams	A Buddhist prayer and Daoist magic spell incantation.

Buddhist charms

Main article: Buddhist coin charm

List of Buddhist coin charm inscriptions
Transliteration	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
A Mi Tuo Fo Ci bei fang cun	阿彌陀佛 慈悲方寸	阿弥陀佛 慈悲方寸	"Amitābha Buddha" "Compassionate heart"	Amitābha Buddha
A Mi Tuo Fo Bo luo jie di	阿彌陀佛 波羅揭諦	阿弥陀佛 波罗揭谛	"Amitābha Buddha" "Gone beyond"	Amitābha Buddha A part of the Heart Sūtra
Nan Wu A Mi Tuo Fo	南無阿彌陀佛	南无阿弥陀佛	"To trust in the Amitābha Buddha"	To trust in the Amitābha Buddha
Hongwu Tongbao	洪武通寶	洪武通宝	"Hongwu valid currency"	See "Buddhist coin charm § Hongwu Tongbao charms"
Qie kong zang qi	且空藏棄	且空藏弃	"Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva"	Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva
Cibei Fangcun	慈悲方寸	慈悲方寸	"Compassionate heart."	A reference to the Heart Sutra
Tongxin Heyi	同心合意	同心合意	"Of one mind."	Inner peace.
Shende Xin'an	身德心安	身德心安	"A virtuous character and peaceful mind."	Inner peace.
Xin'an Shenjian	心安身健	心安身健	"Peaceful mind and healthy body."	Inner peace and good health.
A Mi Tuo Fo An ma ni ba ni hong	阿彌陀佛 唵嘛呢叭呢吽	阿弥陀佛 唵嘛呢叭呢吽	"Amitābha Buddha" "Om Mani Padme Hum."	A Buddhist prayer.	Xu Liuliang et alii n°1627.
Guanyin Dashi Changming Fugui	觀音大士長命富貴	观音大士长命富贵	"Guanyin spirit, Longevity, wealth, and honour."	A reference to the bodhisattva Guanyin; wishing for longevity, wealth, and honour.
A Mi Tuo Fo Changming Fugui	阿彌陀佛 長命富貴	阿弥陀佛 长命富贵	"Amitābha Buddha" "Longevity, wealth, and honour."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture as well as the Amitābha Buddha.

Confucian charms

Main article: Confucian coin charm

List of Confucian coin charm inscriptions
Transliteration	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Bu tan wei bao	不貪為寶	不贪为宝	"Not being greedy is a treasure"	A reference to a story from the Commentary of Zuo.
Fu ci zi xiao	父慈子孝	父慈子孝	"the father is kind and the son is filial."	Filial piety
Hua e shuang hui	花萼雙輝	花萼双辉	"Petals and sepals both shine."	Hua (花) refers to the colorful petals of a flower. E (萼) are the sepals (or calyx), which are the small green leaf-like parts of a flower located just below the petals.
Zhilan Yushu	芝蘭玉樹	芝兰玉树	"Irises, orchids and a tree of jade."	A talented young man of noble character. Zhilan (芝蘭) literally translates into the English language as "irises and orchids", but the phrase has the implied (or hidden) meaning of being of "noble character". Yushu (玉樹) literally translates into the English language as a "tree made of jade", but the phrase is commonly used in Mandarin Chinese to describe either a handsome or talented young gentleman. The term "Jade tree" furthermore has the implied meaning of what is called a "scholar tree", which is a laudatory title for male children.
Guizi Lansun	桂子蘭孫	桂子兰孙	"Cassia seeds and orchid grandsons."	Honourable sons and noble grandsons
Ronghua Fugui	榮華富貴	荣华富贵	"Glory, wealth, and rank." "High position and great wealth."	An auspicious inscription.
Zaosheng Guizi	早生貴子	早生贵子	"May you soon give birth to an honourable son."	A wish for the Confucian ideal of having many sons. In Confucian society sons were highly desired because ale offspring carried on the family line and they were tasked with performing the ancestor worship rituals.
Liansheng Guizi	連生貴子	连生贵子	"May there be the birth of one honourable son after another."	A wish for the Confucian ideal of having many sons. In Confucian society sons were highly desired because ale offspring carried on the family line and they were tasked with performing the ancestor worship rituals.
Tengwen Qifeng	騰蛟起鳳	腾蛟起凤	"A dragon soaring and a fenghua dancing."	A phrase found in this excerpt from one of Wang Bo's poems: "On this official holiday, which falls on every tenth day, good friends gather together, and a galaxy of distinguished guests from distant places fill the hall. Also present at the gathering, are Master Meng, whose literary grace is as imposing as a dragon soaring and a phoenix dancing, and the General Wang, who has weapons as sharp as the famous swords “Purple Lightning” and “Blue Frost” in his armory. I, as an immature and young man, have the good fortune to take part in this grand banquet on my journey to visit my father, who is a magistrate of a county." (十旬休假, 勝友如雲; 千里逢迎,高朋滿座。 騰蛟起鳳, 孟學士之詞宗; 紫電青霜, 王將軍之武庫。 家君作宰, 路出名區; 童子何知, 躬逢勝餞). The expression used in this context refers to a person having either an exceptional literary or an exceptional artistic talent.
Zidian Qingshuang	紫電青霜	紫电青霜	"Purple Lightning and Blue Frost."	A phrase found in an excerpt of Wang Bo's poem, In this poem the swords in General Wang's arsenal are compared to "Purple Lightning and Blue Frost", which were swords of Sun Quan.
Qinse Youzhi	琴瑟友之	琴瑟友之	"With the qin and the se be friendly to her." "The qin and se zithers warm her heart."	The expression comes from a poem named "Cry of the Ospreys" (關雎), found in the Classic of Poetry. The "Cry of the Ospreys" celebrates the giving of birth to many offspring.
Zhongsi Yanqing	螽斯衍慶	螽斯衍庆	"May your children be as numerous as grasshoppers."	Grasshopper were viewed as a symbol of fertility and procreation im traditional Chinese society, especially among the traditional Confucianist families that tended to wish for numerous male offspring and grandsons that will further continue the ancestral (blood) lineage, and are tasked to carry out the religious duties ancestor worship.
Yi chu fei fu Boo ciowan	義出肺腑 ᠪᠣᠣ ᠴᡳᠣᠸᠠᠨ	义出肺腑 ᠪᠣᠣ ᠴᡳᠣᠸᠠᠨ	"Righteousness comes from the bottom of one's heart." "Ministry of Revenue Mint"	The Confucian concept of "righteousness" (義). The Ministry of Revenue
Jing xiong ai di	敬兄愛第	敬兄爱第	"Revere older brothers and love younger brothers."	Filial piety
Qing bai chuan jia	清白傳家	清白传家	"Pureness handed down in the family"	A reference to Yang Zhen (样震), a Han dynasty government official and the prefecture governour of Jingzhou who was known for both his erudition and his impeccable moral character.
Qilin Songzi	麒麟送子	麒麟送子	"The qilin (Chinese unicorn) delivers sons."	A wish for more male offspring.
Junfu Zichen	君父子臣	君父子臣	"Prince, father, son, minister."	This inscription refers to "The Analects" (論語) by Confucius. This this phrase Confucius writes about the "rectification of names" and notes that a "good government" is a state of governance when "the Prince is the Prince", "the Minister is the Minister", "the father is the father", and "the son is the son" where everyone has a role to fulfil.
Tianxian Songzi	天仙送子	天仙送子	"Celestial beings (who have attained to purity) deliver sons."	A wish for more male offspring.
Yong'an Wunan	永安五男	永安五男	"Perpetual peace to five sons."	A peaceful existence of one's five male offspring.	EJM#22.13
Wunan Ernu	五男二女	五男二女	"Five sons and two daughters."	The Confucian ideal number and sexes of offspring.
Baizi Qiansun	百子千孫	百子千孙	"A hundred sons and a thousand grandsons."	A wish for male offspring.
Qianzi Wansun	千子萬孫	千子万孙	"A thousand sons and ten thousand grandsons."	A wish for male offspring.
Qicai Zilu	妻財子祿	妻财子禄	"Wife, wealth, sons, and emolument."	A wish for male offspring.
Zisun Wandai	子孫萬代	子孙万代	"Sons and grandsons 10,000 generations."	A wish for male offspring.
Duozi Duosun	多子多孫	多子多孙	"Many sons and many grandsons."	A wish for male offspring.

Daoist charms

Main article: Taoist coin charm

List of Taoist coin charm inscriptions (except for Lei Ting curse charms)
Transliteration	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Chun feng tao li	春風桃李	春风桃李	"Peach trees and plum trees blossomed in the winds of spring" "Gone were the breezy spring days when the peach and plum trees were in bloom"	An excerpt from a poem by Tang dynasty poet Bai Juyi.
Fu shou yan chang	福壽延長	福寿延长	"Good fortune and longevity for a long time"	Good fortune and longevity for a long time.
Fu you da di	孚佑大帝	孚佑大帝	"Great Emperor of Trustworthy Protection"	Auspicious inscription.
Fu yu xian lang di yi zhi	付與仙朗第 一枝	付与仙朗第一枝	"To give to an immortal young gentleman the first branch"	Auspicious inscription.
Han shan bi you	寒山庇佑	寒山庇佑	"Hanshan protect" "Hanshan bless"	Protection by Hanshan.
Baixian Changshou	百仙長壽	百仙长寿	"Hundred immortals" or "hundred fairies." "long life" or "longevity."	Unknown.
Jiang fu bi xie	降福避邪	降福避邪	"Send down good fortune and keep away evil"	Auspicious inscription.
Changsheng Baomimg	長生保命	长生保命	"Long life and protect life."	A request for longevity.
Ba gua liu yao	八卦六爻	八卦六爻	"The eight trigrams and the six stacked lines (which make up a hexagram)"	Daoist imagery.
Qu xie jiang fu	驅邪降福	驱邪降福	"Expel evil and send down good fortune (happiness)"	Protection from evil spirits.
San xian	三仙	三仙	"Three Immortals"	Sanxing.
Shui lu ping an	水魯平安	水魯平安	"May you have peace by land and water"	A wish for a safe journey.
Yuan tian shang di	元天上帝	元天上帝	"Supreme Lord of the Primal Heaven"	Alternative name of Laozi.
Zhang guo lao xian	張果老仙	张果老仙	"The Immortal Zhang Guolao"	Zhang Guolao is one of the Eight Immortals (Ba Xian) of Taoism. He would have lived at the time of the Tang (618-907); he is accompanied by a donkey which made him travel thousands of li in a very short time; once there, Zhang would fold the donkey like a sheet of paper and put it in his saddlebag. He then just had to put a little water on the paper for the donkey to resume its normal appearance. His bamboo drum, yugu, literally "fish drum", is a tube containing two rods that are sounded by shaking the whole thing.	Thierry 1987 n°59.
Zhu shen hui bi	諸神回避	诸神回避	"Evade all the spirits"	Protection from evil spirits.
Fuyou Dadi	孚佑大帝	孚佑大帝	"Great Emperor of Trustworthy Protection."	Lu Dongbin
Han Zhongli xian	漢鍾離仙	汉钟离仙	"The Immortal Han Zhongli."	Han Zhongli is one of the eight immortals of Daoism. His iconography is stereotyped in the following way: an elderly guy with a bare stomach and a fan. According to legend, he lived in antiquity and knew the secrets of making the elixir of longevity; his fan allowed him to revive the dead. It was during one of his celestial treks that he met and converted another of the Ba Xian, Lu Dongbin. Its emblem is the fan.	Thierry 1987 n°58.
Li Tieguai xian	李鐵拐仙	李铁拐仙	"The Immortal Li Tieguai."	According to legend, one day when he was wandering his soul out of his body, Li Tieguai left his body inert longer than usual; his disciples, believing him to be dead, cremated his body. Returning from the Hills of Immortality, his soul no longer finding its carnal envelope entered that of an old lame beggar provided with an iron crutch. Its emblem is the gourd containing the pills of immortality. He is the patron saint of pharmacists.	Thierry 1987 n°60; Xu Liuliang et alii n°1603.

Christian charms

List of Christian coin charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Zhongguo da zhubao wei wodeng qi Wei wodeng ji yi, Min de Yinghai qi	中國大主保爲我等祈 爲我等及伊民的嬰頦祈	中国大主保为我等祈 为主及伊民的婴颏祈	zhōng guó dà zhǔ bǎo wéi wǒ děng qí wéi zhǔ jí yī mín de yīng kē qí	"Great Protector of China, pray for us!" "Pray for us and for others, O Son of Man!"	Saint Joseph was elevated by Roman Catholics to the rank of patron saint of China. The Blessed Virgin carrying the child is represented to be able to compete with the iconography of Guanyin carrying the child.	Thierry 1987 n°63.

Chinese cash coin inscriptions

Main article: List of Chinese cash coins by inscription

In general all cash coin inscriptions are used for Chinese (and other) numismatic charms, this list only includes cash coin inscriptions if they include reverse inscriptions that weren't used by the original cash coins.

Cash coin obverse inscriptions with amuletic reverse inscriptions

Cash coin obverse inscriptions with amuletic reverse inscriptions
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Shiqian Wuzhu Qianzhong Zhiwang	十千五銖 錢中之王	十千五铢 钱中之王	shí qiān wǔ zhū qián zhōng zhī wáng	"Thousands of Wu Zhu cash coins." "The King of cash coins."	That this "cash coin" has the highest value.	Remmelts#24
Taiping Tongbao Ping'an Jili	太平通寶 平安吉利	太平通宝 平安吉利	tài píng tōng bǎo píng ān jí lì	"Great peace circulating treasure." "Peace and good fortune."	An inscription wishing for both peace and stability.
Qianlong Tongbao Fushou Tongtian	乾隆通寶 福壽同天	乾隆通宝 福寿同天	qián lóng tōng bǎo fú shòu tóng tiān	"Qianlong circulating treasure." "Good fortune and longevity on the same day."	A series of cash coins issued during the reign of the Qianlong Emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty. An inscription wishing for both good luck and a longer life.
Jaiqing Tongbao Tianzi Wannian	嘉慶通寶 天子萬年	嘉庆通宝 天子万年	jiā qìng tōng bǎo tiān zǐ wàn nián	"Jiaqing circulating treasure." "May the Emperor (Son of Heaven) live for a myriad (10,000) of years."	series of cash coins issued during the reign of the Jiaqing Emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty. A blessing towards the ruling monarch.
Daoguang Tongbao Tianxia Taiping	道光通寶 天下太平	道光通宝 天下太平	dào guāng tōng bǎo tiān xià tài píng	"Daoguang circulating treasure." "Peace under heaven."	A series of cash coins issued during the reign of the Daoguang Emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty. AnA wish for peace for "all under heaven" (Tianxia).
Guangxu Tongbao Dingcai Guishou	光緒通寶 丁財貴壽	光绪通宝 丁财贵寿	guāng xù tōng bǎo dīng cái guì shòu	"Guangxu circulating treasure." "May you acquire wealth, honour (high rank), and longevity."	A series of cash coins issued during the reign of the Guangxu Emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty. An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Guangxu Tongbao Dingcai Guishou	光緒通寶 丁財貴壽	光绪通宝 丁财贵寿	guāng xù tōng bǎo dīng cái guì shòu	"Guangxu circulating treasure." "May you acquire wealth, honour (high rank), and longevity."	A series of cash coins issued during the reign of the Guangxu Emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty. An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Guangxu Tongbao Wangui Gengxin	光緒通寶 萬鬼庚新	光绪通宝 万鬼庚新	guāng xù tōng bǎo wàn guǐ gēng xīn	"Guangxu circulating treasure." "Millions of ghosts."	A series of cash coins issued during the reign of the Guangxu Emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty. An inscription wishing for the carrier of this Chinese amulet to be protected from ghosts.
Guangxu Zhongbao Changming Fugui	光緒重寶 長命富貴	光绪重宝 长命富贵	guāng xù zhòng bǎo cháng mìng fù guì	"Guangxu heavy currency." "Longevity, wealth, and honour."	A series of cash coins issued during the reign of the Guangxu Emperor of the Manchu Qing dynasty. An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.

Zhouyuan Tongbao

The Zhouyuan Tongbao (周元通寶) is one of the most commonly used Chinese cash coin inscription for amulets and many varieties of it have been produced due to fact that the real Zhouyuan Tongbao cash coins were manufactured using metal from Buddhist statues and objects requisitioned from Buddhist pagodas. For this reason these cash coins have always been a sought after object by Buddhists.

Palace cash coins

Main article: Chinese numismatic charm § Palace cash coins

The expression Tianxia Taiping (天下太平), which is found on the reverse side of Chinese palace cash coins, has been known to have first appeared in the ancient Chinese encyclopedic text Lüshi Chunqiu, this text is known in the English language as Mister Lü's Spring and Autumn Annals, which was compiled about 239 BC. The text reads Tianxia Taiping Wanwu Anning (traditional Chinese: 天下太平萬物安寧; simplified Chinese: 天下太平万物安宁; pinyin: tiān xià tài píng wàn wù ān níng) which translates into the English language as "when there is peace under heaven, all things are tranquil and calm".

During the Tang dynasty and Song dynasty periods, it was quite common in imperial China to see a similar sentiment expressed on Duilian, which are Chinese parallel sentences or "antithetical couplets", that are written on scrolls and were then hung on doors during Chinese holidays and festivals which were celebrated during this period. The expression was Shangtian Yanhao Shixia Jiebao Ping'an (Chinese: 上天言好事下界保平安; pinyin: shàng tiān yán hǎo shì xià jiè bǎo píng ān) which requested Zaojun, the "Stove God", to "ascend to heaven and report good things and then descend to earth and protect the peace and tranquility".

! Inscription
(Transliteration) !! Traditional Chinese !! Simplified Chinese !! Hànyǔ Pīnyīn !! Literal English translation !! Meaning !! Catalogue number(s) !! Image |-

Fantasy Chinese cash coin inscriptions

Fantasy Chinese cash coin inscriptions
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Diameter	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Zhengde Tongbao	正德通寶	正德通宝	zhèng dé tōng bǎo	"Currency of correct virtue."	A fantasy inscription based on the reign title of the Zhengde Emperor of the Ming dynasty.
Zhengde Tongbao	正德通寶	正德通宝	zhèng dé tōng bǎo	"Currency of correct virtue."	A fantasy inscription based on the reign title of the Zhengde Emperor of the Ming dynasty.	EJM#1.83.11
Zhengde Tongbao	正德通寶	正德通宝	zhèng dé tōng bǎo	"Currency of correct virtue."	A fantasy inscription based on the reign title of the Zhengde Emperor of the Ming dynasty.	EJM#1.83.15, 1.83.18, and 1.83.23
Zhengde Tongbao	正德通寶	正德通宝	zhèng dé tōng bǎo	"Currency of correct virtue."	A fantasy inscription based on the reign title of the Zhengde Emperor of the Ming dynasty.	EJM#1.83.27
Zhengde Tongbao	正德通寶	正德通宝	zhèng dé tōng bǎo	"Currency of correct virtue."	A fantasy inscription based on the reign title of the Zhengde Emperor of the Ming dynasty.	EJM#1.83.29 & 1.83.35
Zhengde Tongbao	正德通寶	正德通宝	zhèng dé tōng bǎo	"Currency of correct virtue."	A fantasy inscription based on the reign title of the Zhengde Emperor of the Ming dynasty.
Zhengde Tongbao Changming Fugui	正德通寶 長命富貴	正德通宝 长命富贵	zhèng dé tōng bǎo cháng mìng fù guì	"Currency of correct virtue." "Longevity, wealth, and honour."	A fantasy inscription based on the reign title of the Zhengde Emperor of the Ming dynasty. An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.	Remmelts#7 (Reverse) Remmelts#41 (Obverse)
Zhengde Tongbao Wen	正德通寶 文	正德通宝 文	zhèng dé tōng bǎo wén	"Currency of correct virtue." "Literature."	A fantasy inscription based on the reign title of the Zhengde Emperor of the Ming dynasty.	EJM#1.83.37–1.83.38
Qianlong Zhongbao Bao Quan	乾隆重寳 寳泉	乾隆重宝 宝泉	qián lóng zhòng bǎo bǎo quán	"Qianlong heavy currency." "Ministry of Revenue Mint."	A fantasy cash coin cast in celebration of the Emperor's 60th birthday. Because the feast held on his 60th birthday was called Wanshoujie (萬壽節, "the party of ten thousand longevities") these numismatic charms are often referred to as wanshou qian (萬壽錢, "Currencies of the Ten Thousand Longevitys").	52,8 millimeters	Thierry#6, ZGHQ#1364
Daoguang Yuanbao Dang Shi Boo U	道光元寶 當 十 ᠪᠣᠣ ᡠ	道光元宝 當 十 ᠪᠣᠣ ᡠ	dào guāng yuán bǎo dāng shí Boo U	"Daoguang round treasure." "Value ten." "Wuchang Mint."	A fantasy Daqian based on the Daoguang Tongbao (道光通寶) series of Qing dynasty cash coins.

24 character charms

Main article: Chinese numismatic charm § 24 character charms

24 character charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu Fu, Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou Shou	福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福, 壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽壽	福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福福, 寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿寿	fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú fú, shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu shòu	"24x good luck." "24x longevity."	A wish for good fortune and longevity.

Bird-worm seal script charms

See also: Confucian coin charm § Bird-worm seal script charms

List of Chinese bird-worm seal script charms by inscription
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Diameter	Thickness	Weight	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Guihe Qishou	龜鶴齊壽	龟鹤齐寿	Guī hè qí shòu	"Live as long as the tortoise and the crane".	The main characteristic of bird-worm seal script is that the characters resemble animals. Because of this the top character (龜, "Tortoise") actually resembles a tortoise, the bottom character (鶴, "Heron") looks like a bird, the character located to the right or the central square home (齊, "Are equal to" or "be the same as") resembles 3 "worms", and the left character (壽, "Longevity") looks like it has a s-shaped "worm" running through the middle of it. This inscription is based on the fact that the Chinese traditionally believed that both the tortoise and the heron (crane) live long lives.	6.4 centimeters	4 millimeters	71.1 grams
Guihe Qishou Guihe Qishou	龜鶴齊壽 龜鶴齊壽	龟鹤齐寿 龟鹤齐寿	Guī hè qí shòu Guī hè qí shòu	"Live as long as the tortoise and the crane" "Live as long as the tortoise and the crane".	The main characteristic of bird-worm seal script is that the characters resemble animals. Because of this the top character (龜, "Tortoise") actually resembles a tortoise, the bottom character (鶴, "Heron") looks like a bird, the character located to the right or the central square home (齊, "Are equal to" or "be the same as") resembles 3 "worms", and the left character (壽, "Longevity") looks like it has a s-shaped "worm" running through the middle of it. The reverse side includes the same inscription written in regular script. This inscription is based on the fact that the Chinese traditionally believed that both the tortoise and the heron (crane) live long lives.	5.81 centimeters

Burial coins

Main article: Chinese burial money

Note that because of the taboos that exists with burial coins as they were often placed in the mouths of dead people, many coin collectors do not want to collect them and they are typically not listed in any catalogues.

List of Chinese burial coins by inscription
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Rutu Wei'an	入土為安	入土为安	rù tǔ wéi ān	"To be laid to rest"	Rest in peace (RIP)

Cloisonné charms

Main article: Chinese numismatic charm § Ming dynasty cloisonné charms

Chinese cloisonné charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Nan Wu A Mi Tuo Fo Wanli Nianzhi	南無阿彌陀佛, 萬歷年制	南无阿弥陀佛, 万历年制	nān mó ē mí tuó fó, wàn lì nián zhì	"To trust in the Amitābha Buddha." "Made during the (reign) of the Wanli Emperor."	To trust in the Amitābha Buddha The time period when this porcelain charm was produced.

Eight Treasures charms

Main article: Taoist coin charm § Eight Treasures charms

Eight Treasures charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Yutang Fugui	玉堂富貴	玉堂富贵	yù táng fù guì	"Jade Hall, wealth, and honour."	The "Jade Hall" in this context refers to the "Hanlin Academy", which was the government office during the imperial Chinese period which received only those scholar-officials (or "Mandarins") who had attained the jinshi (or highest and final) degree of the Confucian imperial examination system. The purpose of this Chinese Eight Treasures charm was therefore to bring good luck to a person in attaining a high government office, where after attaining this high rank both wealth and honour would follow.
Changming Fugui Jinyu Mantang	長命富貴金玉滿堂	长命富贵金玉满堂	cháng mìng fù guì jīn yù mǎn táng	"Longevity, wealth, and honour", "may gold and jade fill your house (halls)."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Gua Changming Fugui Jinyu Mantang	掛 長命富貴金玉滿堂	挂 长命富贵金玉满堂	guà cháng mìng fù guì jīn yù mǎn táng	"To hang." "Longevity, wealth, and honour" and "Let gold and jade fill your halls."	An inscription wishing for the wearer of this ancient Chinese pendant charm to become wealthier.

Fish charms

Main article: Chinese numismatic charm § Fish charms

Chinese fish charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Fish shape	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Guansha Xiaochu	官煞消除	官煞消除	guān shà xiāo chú	Guansha (关煞) in this context refers to the "crises in a child's life" and Xiaochu (消 除) means "to dispel or eliminate".	The ancient Chinese believed that a human being had to pass through a number of "gates", "barriers", and "crises" during the course of their lives. These "barriers" or "gates" are known in Mandarin Chinese as "guan" (关). A child that had become 15 years of age is believed to have passed through 30 of these dangerous "barriers", "crises", or "gates". These supposed life barriers in traditional Chinese cultured are entitled as "The Barrier of the Demon of the Four Seasons", "The Barrier of the Devil's Gate", and "The Barrier where the Bowels are Severed", Etc. In imperial China, medical care was primitive (further reading: Traditional Chinese medicine) and the mortality rate for Chinese children during this period tended to be very high. During this era it was therefore common for Chinese parents to rely on amulets, talismans, charms, and rituals in order to supposedly protect their offspring as they faced these difficult passages and crises while they were growing up to become adults. The first Chinese character "官" of the legend, which could be translated into the English language as "an official" or "mandarin", should actually be written as "关" which translates into English as either "a gate" or "barrier".	Carp

Five Poisons charms

Main articles: Chinese numismatic charm § Five poisons talismans, and Five Poisons

Five Poisons charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Wuri Wushi	五日午時	五日午时	wǔ rì wǔ shí	"Noon of the Fifth (5th) Day."	The day of the Dragon Boat Festival, the day which is traditionally considered the hottest day of the year when the five noxious animals would start to appear.
Fugui Changle	富貴昌樂	富贵昌乐	fù guì chāng lè	"Riches and honour, prosperity and happiness."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Quxie Jiangfu	驅邪降福	驱邪降福	qū xié jiàng fú	"Expel evil and send down good fortune."	An inscription wishing for protection from various bad things.

Gourd charms

Main article: Chinese numismatic charm § Gourd charms

Gourd charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Fu Shou Shuang Quan	福壽 雙全	福寿 双全	fú shòu shuāng quán	"Happiness and longevity." "Both complete."	An inscription wishing for both happiness and to live long.
Fa Jinyu Mantang Fu Wufu Linmen Leizou Shagui Jiangjing Zhanyao Chuxie Yongbao Shenqing Feng Taishang Laojun Jiji Zhiling	發 金玉滿堂 福 五福臨門 雷走殺鬼降精 斬妖出邪永保 神情奉 太上老君急汲之令	发 金玉满堂 福 五福临门 雷走杀鬼降精 斩妖出邪永保 神情奉 太上老君急汲之令	fā jīn yù mǎn táng fú wǔ fú lín mén léi zǒu shā guǐ jiàng jīng zhǎn yāo chū xié yǒng bǎo shén qíng fèng tài shàng lǎo jūn jí jí zhī lìng	"To issue." "May gold and jade fill your halls." "Good luck." "May the five fortunes arrive at your door." "God of Thunder (Lei) clear out and kill the ghosts and send down purity." "Behead the demons, expel the evil and keep us eternally safe." "Let this command from Laozi (Tai Shang Lao Jun)." "Be executed quickly." "The Chinese character (Hanzi) in the center of the charm with the circle around it is sha (殺, 杀, shā) which means "kill"."	In this context "Fa" (發) can be interpreted to mean facai (發財, 发财) "to make a fortune." An inscription wishing for wealth and riches. Good fortune alluded to with five bats. A reference to the five fortunes (五福) wishing for good luck. An inscription calling upon Laozi to protect the wearer from misfortune and evil spirits.
Tongxin Heyi Daquan Wushi	同心合意 大泉五十	同心合意 大泉五十	tóng xīn hé yì dà quán wǔ shí	"To be of one mind." "Large coin fifty."	An inscription wishing for a peaceful and calm mind. An inscription used on a Xin dynasty cash coin, one of these cash coins was valued as being equal to 50 of the Han dynasty period Wu Zhu cash coins.

Harmony inscriptions

Harmony inscriptions
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Huaqian Yuexia	花前月下	花前月下	huā qián yuè xià	"In front of the flowers and under the moon."	Falling in love among flowers in the moonlight.
Shunfeng Daji	順風大吉	顺风大吉	shùn fēng dà jí	"(Wish you, or Let there be) Favorable wind and good luck." "May you have a favourable wind and good luck."	An inscription wishing for an harmonious and lucky journey.
Yifan Fengshun	一帆風順	一帆风顺	yì fān fēng shùn	"May you have favorable winds in your sails."	An inscription wishing for an harmonious journey.
Hehe Ruyi	和合如意	和合如意	hé hé rú yì	"May you have a harmonious union with all your wishes fulfilled."	An inscription wishing for an harmonious marriage.
Hehe Shengcai	和合生才	和合生才	hé hé shēng cái	"Harmony produces wealth."	An inscription wishing for harmony for financial gains.
Yituan Heqi	一團和氣	一团和气	yì tuán hé qì	"Unbroken harmony."	An inscription wishing for constant harmony.
Shishi Ruyi	事事如意	事事如意	shì shì rú yì	"May things go as you wish."	An inscription wishing for harmony.
Wanshi Ruyi	萬事如意	万事如意	wàn shì rú yì	"May things go as you wish." - "May everything go smoothly."	An inscription wishing for harmony.

High rank inscriptions

High rank inscriptions
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Weilie Santai	位列三台	位列三台	wèi liè sān tái	"May you rank among the three highest offices of State."	An inscription wishing for the owner of the amulet to gain a high rank (and thus a high salary) in the Confucian imperial examination system.
Jinbang Timing	金榜題名	金榜题名	jīn bǎng tí míng	"golden list of those who have obtained a degree." "May your name appear on the list of successful candidates of the imperial examination."	An inscription wishing for the owner of the amulet to gain a high rank (and thus a high salary) in the Confucian imperial examination system.
Wuzi Dengke	五子登科	五子登科	wǔ zǐ dēng kē	"May your five sons achieve great success in the imperial examinations."	An inscription wishing for all five sons (the Confucian ideal number of male offspring) to all pass the Confucian imperial examination system.
Xibao Sanyuan	喜報三元	喜报三元	xǐ bào sān yuán	"Good news of a triple first in the imperial examinations."	To gain the title of "Zhuangyuan" three (3) times in the Confucian imperial examination system.
Lianzhong Sanyuan	連中三元	连中三元	lián zhòng sān yuán	"To be first three times in a row (in the imperial examinations)."	To gain the title of "Zhuangyuan" three (3) times in the Confucian imperial examination system.
Jiaguan Jinlu	嘉官進祿	嘉官进禄	jiā guān jìn lù	"May office and salary be bestowed upon you."	An inscription wishing for the owner of the amulet to gain a high rank (and thus a high salary) in the Confucian imperial examination system.
Dawei Gaosheng	大位高升	大位高升	dà wèi gāo shēng	"May you be promoted to a high position."	An inscription wishing to gain a high rank through the Confucian imperial examination system.
Yipin Dangchao	一品當朝	一品当朝	yī pǐn dāng cháo	"(May you be) an official of the first degree at the imperial court.	To gain the title of "Zhuangyuan" in the Confucian imperial examination system.
Zhuangyuan Jidi	狀元及第	状元及第	zhuàng yuán jí dì	"(May you be) the first rank at the examination for the Hanlin Academy." "May I attain to the rank of the first candidate at the examination for the Han Lin Academy." "May they head the list of successful candidates."	To gain the title of "Zhuangyuan" in the Confucian imperial examination system.
Yushu Shenghua	玉署升華	玉署升华	yù shǔ shēng huá	"The Hanlin Academy promotion is glorious."	To gain the title of "Zhuangyuan" in the Confucian imperial examination system.
Duzhan Aotou	獨佔鰲頭	独占鳌头	dú zhàn áo tóu	"To stand alone on the head of the ao (Occupying alone the sea-monster's head)."	To have attained the highest honours in the imperial Confucian examination system.
Yi Sexing Huahong Shili Zhuangyuan Guiqu Ma Ruyi	一 色杏花紅十裡壯元歸去馬如飛	一色杏花红十里壮元归去马如飞	yí sè xìng huā hóng shí lǐ zhuàng yuán guī qù mǎ rú fēi	"A scholar who just achieved the honor of coming in first in the final Hanlin examination sees an expansive field of blossoming red apricot flowers which prompts him to make his horse gallop even faster on his way home."	An inscription wishing to become a Zhuangyuan in the Confucian imperial examination system.
Fuyu Xianlangdi Yizhi	付與仙朗第 一枝	付与仙朗第一枝	shòu yǔ sēn láng dì yī fēn zhī	"To give to an immortal young gentleman the first branch."	A saying associated with a Daoist immortal related to achieving a high rank.
Yutang Fugui	玉堂富貴	玉堂富贵	yù táng fù guì	"Jade Hall (Hanlin Academy), wealth, and honour."	A wish to achieve a high rank in the imperial (Confucian) examination system.
Zhiri Gaosheng	指日高升	指日高升	zhǐ rì gāo shēng	"Rapid and lofty promotion."	A wish to achieve a high rank in the imperial (Confucian) examination system.

Horse coins and gambling tokens

Further information: Horse coin § List of horse coins

Please see: "Horse coin#List of horse coins" for a list of horse coins and gambling tokens by inscription.

Kangxi poem charms

Main article: Kangxi Tongbao § Kangxi Tongbao charms and poem coins

List of Kangxi poem coins
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Tong Fu Lin Dong Jiang, Xuan Yuan Su Ji Chang, Nan Ning He Guang Zhe, Tai Gui Shan Yun Zhang	同福臨東江, 宣原蘇薊昌, 南寧河廣浙, 台桂陝雲漳	同福临东江, 宣原苏蓟昌, 南宁河广浙, 台桂陕云漳	tóng fú lín dōng jiāng, xuān yuán sū jì chāng, nán níng hé guǎng zhè, tái guì shǎn yún zhāng	"The names (mint marks) of 20 provincial government coin mints that cast cash coins during the reign of the Kangxi Emperor of the Manchu Qing (Ch'ing) dynasty."	This is an amulet that is based on a collection of popular Chinese charm inscriptions based on mint marks of Kangxi Tongbao cash coins.	Thierry#262, ZGHQ#920

Lock charms

Main article: Lock charm

Lock charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Width	Length	Weight	Catalogue number(s)	Image
San Xian Fu Lu Shou	三仙 福祿壽	三仙 福禄寿	sān xiān fú lù shòu	"Three Immortals." "Happiness, emolument (which was the salary a government official received), and longevity."	The Three Immortals are the most important of the so-called "household" or "kitchen" gods. While these gods are not usually worshipped, they are believed to bring good luck and small statues or pictures of them are found in almost every family home. The Three Star Gods.	62 millimeters	43 millimeters	29.1 grams
Bai Jia Suo	百家鎖	百家锁	bǎi jiā suǒ	"Hundred family lock."	After a child was born in a poor or less wealthy family, the family would traditionally ask a hundred families for a few cash coins (in some traditions, only one), sometimes offering the families areca nuts as a gesture of goodwill, to have an inexpensive lock charm made for their newborn. Families that donated cash coins for the lock charm were expressing a vested interest in the child being secure. Hundred Family locks were either hung on the child as a pendant, or in the house of the family.	28 millimeters	20 millimeters	2.9 grams
Ri Yue Changming Baisui	日月 長命百歲	日月 长命百岁	rì yuè cháng mìng bǎi suì	"Sun - Moon." "Long life of 100 years."	The small Chinese character (or Hanzi) that is located at the upper right side of this Chinese numismatic charm is ri (日), which can be translated into the English language as "sun" or "day". The small Chinese character (or Hanzi) that is located at the upper left side of this Chinese numismatic charm is yue (月) which be translated into the English language as "moon" or "month". Displaying the Chinese characters for the sun and moon in this manner symbolises that the lock charm's good luck should be continuous both during the day and during the night. An inscription wishing for longevity.	62 millimeters.	43 millimeters	29.1 grams
Tianchang Dijiu	天長地久	天长地久	tiān cháng dì jiǔ	"As eternal and unchanging as the universe."	An inscription wishing for stability.	53 millimeters	36 millimeters	20.4 grams
Changming Fugui	長命富貴	长命富贵	cháng mìng fù guì	"Longevity, wealth, and honour."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.	53 millimeters	36 millimeters	20.4 grams
Zhuangyuan Jidi	狀元及第	状元及第	zhuàng yuán jí dì	"(May you achieve) the first rank at the examination for the Hanlin Academy."	To gain the title of "Zhuangyuan" in the Confucian imperial examination system.	55 millimeters	36 millimeters	16.9 grams
Changming Fugui	長命富貴	长命富贵	cháng mìng fù guì	"Longevity, wealth, and honour."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.	55 millimeters	36 millimeters	16.9 grams
Changming Fugui	長命富貴	长命富贵	cháng mìng fù guì	"Longevity, wealth, and honour."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.	53 millimeters	37 millimeters	4.8 grams
Changming Fugui Tianchang Dijiu	長命富貴 天長地久	长命富贵 天长地久	cháng mìng fù guì tiān cháng dì jiǔ	"Longevity, wealth, and honour." "As eternal and unchanging as the universe."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture. An inscription wishing for stability.	41 millimeters	51 millimeters		Remmelts#36

Lock charms of famous mountains

Lock charms of famous mountains
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Width	Length	Weight	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Jiuhua Mingshan Changming Fugui	九華名山 長命富貴	九华名山 长命富贵	jiǔ huá míng shān cháng mìng fù guì	"The famous Mount Jiuhua." "Longevity, wealth, and honour."	Mount Jiuhua (九华山) is a mountain that is located in the Anhui Province in eastern China. At one time during this mountain's long history, Mount Jiuhua had over than 300 different Buddhist temples and monasteries with around 5,000 Buddhist monks and nuns. With so many temples congregated in only one area, the Mount Jiuhua became popularly known as the "land of Buddhas and incense". As of 2016 there were about 80 Buddhist temples located on Mount Jiuhua.	49.4 millimeters	40 millimeters	18.1 grams
Jiangnan Da-Maoshan Changming Fugui	江南 大茅山 長命富貴	江南 大茅山 长命富贵	jiāng nán dà máo shān cháng mìng fù guì	"Jiangnan." "The great (Mount) Maoshan" "Longevity, wealth, and honour."	The "Jiangnan" region refers to the area that is located south of the Yangtze River which would include the area of the Chinese Jiangsu Province where Mount Mao (or Maoshan) is located. Maoshan (茅山) is located in the Jiangsu Province and is one of the famous Chinese mountains that is associated with the religion of Daoism (sometimes written as "Taoism"). Maoshan is known as "the first land of blessing" and "the eighth world of caves" of Daoism because of its status. The mountain's association with the religion of Daoism dates back to the year 153 BC when three brothers with the surname "Mao" (茅) became widely known (or famous) for their purported healing powers. The original name of the mountain (Mount Juqu) was changed to Mount Mao (or Maoshan) to honour the three Daoist brothers. An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.	46 millimeters	31 millimeters	9.7 grams

Longevity inscriptions

See also: Shou (character)

Longevity inscriptions
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Shoubi Nanshan	壽比南山	寿比南山	shòu bǐ nán shān	"Longevity as great as the South Mountain."	An inscription wishing to live as long as a mountain.
Huasheng Bulao	花生不老	花生不老	huā shēng bù lǎo	"The flower (mudan) grows without getting old."	An inscription wishing for longevity without senescence.
Changsheng Bulao	長生不老	长生不老	cháng shēng bù lǎo	"Long life without getting old."	An inscription wishing for longevity without senescence.
Changsheng Baoming	長生保命	长生保命	cháng shēng bǎo mìng	"Long life and protect life."	An inscription wishing for both safety and longevity.
Changsheng Wuji	長生無極	长生无极	cháng shēng wú jí	"Long life without limit."	An inscription wishing for (essential) immortality.
Yannian Yishou	延年益壽	延年益寿	yán nián yì shòu	"May you prolong your days!"	An inscription wishing for longevity.
Wanshou Wujiang	萬壽無疆	万寿无疆	wàn shòu wú jiāng	"Long life without limit."	An inscription wishing for (essential) immortality.
Changming Baisui	長命百歲	长命百岁	cháng mìng bǎi suì	"Long life of 100 years."	An inscription wishing for the longevity to live for a century.
Guihe Qishou	龜鶴齊壽	龟鹤齐寿	guī hè qí shòu	"Live as long as the tortoise and the crane."	An inscription wishing to have longevity as a number of animals known for living long.
Guiling Heshou	龜齡鶴壽	龟龄鹤寿	guī líng hè shòu	"Live as long as the tortoise and the crane."	An inscription wishing to have longevity as a number of animals known for living long.
Laolong Shouqian	老龍壽錢	老龙寿钱	lǎo lóng shòu qián	"Old dragon longevity coin."	An allure to both Chinese dragons and longevity.
Shuanglong Xishou	雙龍戲壽	双龙戏寿	shuāng lóng xì shòu	"A pair of dragons play with longevity."	An allure to both Chinese dragons and longevity.
Fuyan Shouchang	福延壽長	福延寿长	fú yán shòu cháng	"Unbounded fortune and longevity." "Good fortune, and longevity for a long time."	An inscription wishing for both wealth and longevity.
Renshou Nianfeng	人壽年豐	人寿年丰	rén shòu nián fēng	"May the people enjoy a long life and may the harvests be bountiful."	An inscription wishing for both successful agricultural endeavours and longevity.
Yongbao Shoukao	永保壽考	永保寿考	yǒng bǎo shòu kǎo	"To protect eternally and to enjoy a long life."	An inscription wishing for both everlasting protection and longevity.
Fushou Yanchang	福壽延長	福寿延长	fú shòu yán cháng	"Good fortune and longevity for a long time."	An inscription wishing for prolonged longevity and good luck.
Fushou Changsheng	福壽長生	福寿长生	fú shòu cháng shēng	"Good fortune and longevity."	An inscription wishing for both longevity and good luck.
Fude Changshou	福德長壽	福德长寿	fú dé cháng shòu	"Good fortune, virtue, and a long life."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Fushou Sanduo	福壽三多	福寿三多	fú shòu sān duō	"May you have good fortune, longevity, and an abundance of blessings, years, and offspring."	A longevity inscription.
Songju Youcun	松菊猶存	松菊犹存	sōng jú yóu cún	"The pine tree and the chrysanthemum outlast (all things)."	A longevity inscription.
Songhe Changchun	松鶴長春	松鹤长春	sōng hè cháng chūn	"May your longevity be like that of cranes and pines."	A longevity inscription.
Songbai Changqing	松柏長青	松柏长青	sōng bǎi cháng qīng	"The pine and cypress are forever green."	A longevity inscription.
Zhangda Chengren	長大成人	长大成人	zhǎng dà chéng rén	"Grow to manhood. Attain adulthood."	A wish for a boy to survive childhood.

Liu Haichan and the Three-Legged Toad charms

Main article: Taoist coin charm § Liu Haichan and the Three-Legged Toad charms

Liu Haichan and the Three-Legged Toad charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Jinyu Mantang Changming Fugui	金玉滿堂長命富貴	金玉满堂长命富贵	jīn yù mǎn táng cháng mìng fù guì	"May gold and jade fill your halls" and "longevity, wealth, and honour."	An inscription wishing for a multitude of auspicious things.
Letting Babu Zhugui Jiangjing Zhanyao Yaopi Xie Yongbao Shenqing Fengtai Shanglao Jun Jiji Ru Lüling Chi	雷霆八部，誅鬼降精，斬妖辟邪，永保神清，奉太上老君，急急如律令，敕	雷霆八部，诛鬼降精，斩妖辟邪，永保神清，奉太上老君，急急如律令，敕	Léi Tíng bā bù, zhū guǐ jiàng jīng, zhǎn yāo pì xié, yǒng bǎo shén qīng, fèng Tài Shàng Lǎo Jūn, jí jí rú Lǜ Lìng, chì	"O Thunder God, destroy devils, subdue bogies, and drive away evil influences. Receive this command of Tai Shang Lao Qun (Laozi) and execute it as fast as Lü Ling."	A Lei Ting curse charm inscription.

Marriage charms

Main article: Marriage coin charm

List of marriage coin charms by inscription
Transliteration	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Fenghua Xueyue	風花雪月	风花雪月	"Wind, flowers, snow, and moon"	A metaphor for sexual intercourse.	Remmelts#11, EJM#19.3
Fenghua Yiren	風花宜人	风花宜人	"Wind and flowers delight men"	This may or may not be a reference to the fact that in ancient times, the term "Yi ren" (宜人) was a title given to the wives of government officials of the fifth degree.	Remmelts#8, EJM#13.7
Minghuang Yuying	明皇禦影	明皇御影	"Emperor Ming imperial shadow"	The ming huang (明皇), in this case, refers to Emperor Xuanzong (685–762 AD), also known as "Emperor Ming". Emperor Xuanzong of Tang's concubine Yang Guifei was considered one of the Four Beauties of ancient China.
Longfeng Chengxiang	龍鳳呈樣	龙凤呈样	"The dragon and fenghuang become a good omen", "prosperity brought by the dragon and phoenix", and "may you have excellent good fortune".	A common expression used to congratulate newlyweds on their marriage.
Tongxie Daolao Fugui Shuangquan	同偕到老 富貴雙全	同偕到老 富贵双全	"May you grow old together (as husband and wife)" "Wealth and honour (are) both complete"	Happiness in marriage.
Yu Shuang	魚雙	魚双	"Pair of fish"	Conjugal bliss and the joys of being in a matrimonial union.
Chunfeng Taoli	春風桃李	春风桃李	"Spring, wind, peaches and plums"	A reference to the 9th century poem Chang hen ge written by Bai Juyi.	EJM#13.5
Jinyu Mantang	金玉滿堂	金玉满堂	"May gold and jade fill your house (halls)"	An auspicious saying.
Zhengde Tongbao	正德通寶	正德通宝	"Zhengde circulating treasure"	Fantasy Ming dynasty cash coin.
Zhouyuan Tongbao	周元通寶	周元通宝	"Beginning of the Zhou, circulating treasure"	A historical cash coin inscription that is thought to be auspicious because the original cash coins were cast from molten Buddhist statues.

Men Plow, Women Weave charms

Main article: Chinese numismatic charm § Men Plow, Women Weave charms

Men Plow, Women Weave charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Tiancan Wanbei	田蠶萬倍	田蚕万倍	tián cán wàn bèi	"May your (rice) fields and silkworms increase 10,000 times."	An expression of "good luck" in the major occupations of agriculture, sericulture, industry in general, and in government related occupations.

Nine-Fold Seal Script charms

Main article: Chinese numismatic charm § Nine-Fold Seal Script charms

Nine-Fold Seal Script charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Period of production	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Fushou Kangning	福壽康寧	福寿康宁	fú shòu kāng níng	"Happiness, longevity, health, and composure."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.	Late Ming dynasty period.
Baifu Baishou	百福百壽	百福百寿	bǎi fú bǎi shòu	"One hundred happinesses and one hundred longevities."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.	Late Ming dynasty period.

Palindrome charms

Main article: Chinese numismatic charm § Chinese palindrome charms

Chinese palindrome charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Wo Xiao Ta Shuo Wo Kan Ta Da Wo Rong Ta Ma	我笑他說我看他打我容他罵	我笑他說我看他打我容他罵	wǒ xiào tā shuō wǒ kàn tā dǎ wǒ róng tā mà	"I, laugh, he/she, talks, I, look, he/she, hits, I, am being tolerant, he/she, scolds."	Various meanings depending on how how the inscription is read, the overall theme of this inscription tells of two sides of a combative relationship. xiào tā shuō wǒ (笑他說我) means "Laugh at him/her scolding me". kàn tā dǎ wǒ (看他打我) means "Look at him/her fight me." róng tā mà wǒ (容他罵我) means "Be tolerant of him/her cursing me". wǒ mà tā róng (我罵他容) means "I curse and he/she is tolerant". wǒ dǎ tā kàn (我打他看) means "I fight and he/she watches". wǒ shuō tā xiào (我說他笑) means "I speak and he/she laughs". The two people could be husband and wife (a married couple), two lovers, two friends, two co-workers, a boss and an employee, two family members, etc.

Peace charms

Main article: Chinese numismatic charm § Peace charms

Chinese peace charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Tianxia Taiping	天下太平	天下太平	tiān xià tài píng	"Peace under heaven."	A wish for peace for "all under heaven" (Tianxia).
Taiping Ruyi	太平如意	太平如意	tài píng rú yì	"May you have peace according to your wishes."	An inscription that states that another person may have as much peace as they want.
Niannian Taiping	年年太平	年年太平	nián nián tài píng	"May you have peace year after year."	A wish for multiple years of peace.
Ping'an Jiqing	平安吉慶	平安吉庆	píng ān jí qìng	"Peace and happiness."	A wish for both peace and gladness.
Ping'an Ruyi	平安如意	平安如意	píng ān rú yì	"Peace as you desire."	A wish for peace.
Ping'an Fugui	平安富貴	平安富贵	píng ān fù guì	"Peace, wealth, and honour."	A wish for various things perceived to be good.
Siji Ping'an	四季平安	四季平安	sì jì píng ān	"Peace throughout the four seasons."	A wish for a very peaceful year.
Bajie Ping'an	八節平安	八节平安	bā jié píng ān	"Peace throughout the year."	A wish for a very peaceful year.
Shili Shitai	時利世泰	时利世泰	shí lì shì tài	"The seasons in harmony and the world in peace."	A wish for global peace and less natural disasters or failed crops.
Siji Ping'an	四季平安	四季平安	sì jì píng ān	"Peace for the four seasons."	A wish for peace through the entire year.
Tanshan Shunli	檀山順利	檀山顺利	tán shān shùn lì	"May things go smoothly in Honolulu (Hawaii)".	A wish for a peaceful journey.

Peach charms

Main article: Taoist coin charm § Peach charms

Peach charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Changming Fugui	長命 富貴	长命 富贵	cháng mìng fù guì	"Longevity, wealth, and honour."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Shoufu Shuang Fugui Quan	壽福雙 富貴全	寿福双 富贵全	shòu fú shuāng fù guì quán	"Longevity and good fortune." "Both." "Wealth and rank." "Complete."	The entire charm inscription can thus be translated as "May you have longevity and good fortune, and wealth and rank, both complete".
Tianchang Dijiu Changming Baisui	天長地久 長命百歲	天长地久 长命百岁	tiān cháng dì jiǔ cháng mìng bǎi suì	"As eternal and unchanging as the universe." "Long life of 100 years."	An inscription wishing for both stability and longevity.
Shoufu Fugui Shuangquan	壽福富貴雙全	寿福富贵双全	shòu fú fù guì shuāng quán	"(May you have) longevity and good fortune, and wealth and rank, both complete."	A wish for achieving success in the imperial examination system, business, life, and to live long.

Pendant charms

Main article: Chinese numismatic charm § Chinese pendant charms

Ancient Chinese pendant charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Length	Width	Weight	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Riru Qianjin Changwu Xiangwang	日入千金 長毋相忘	日入千金 长毋相忘	rì rù qiān jīn cháng wú xiāng wàng	"May you earn a 1,000 gold everyday." "Do not forget your friends."	Do not forget your friends when you earn much gold everyday.
Chuxiong Quyang Bibing Modang	除凶去央 辟兵莫當	除凶去央 辟兵莫当	chú xiōng qù yāng pì bīng mò dāng	"Do away with evil and dispel calamity." "Avoid hostilities and ward off sickness."	A pair of inscriptions wishing for the wearer of this ancient Chinese pendant charm to be protected from malicious things.
Changming Fugui	長命富貴	长命富贵	cháng mìng fù guì	"Longevity, wealth, and honour."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.

Chinese Charms with Single Loop

Chinese Charms with Single Loop
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Length	Width	Weight	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Changming Fugui	長命富貴	长命富贵	cháng mìng fù guì	"Longevity, wealth, and honour."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.	40 millimeters	27 millimeters	7.3 grams
Wuzi Dengke Fushou Shuangquan	五子登科福壽雙全	五子登科福寿双全	wǔ zǐ dēng kē fú shòu shuāng quán	"May your five sons achieve great success in the imperial examinations." and "Happiness and longevity both complete."	An inscription wishing for the wearer of this Chinese pendant charm to have all five of their sons (the Confucian ideal number of male offspring) all pass the Confucian imperial examination system.	56 millimeters	47 millimeters
Shoubi Nanshan Changming Fugui Shou	壽比南山長命富貴 壽	寿比南山长命富贵 寿	shòu bǐ nán shān cháng mìng fù guì shòu	"Longevity as great as the South Mountain." and "Longevity, wealth, and honour." "Longevity."	A number of inscriptions wishing for longevity.	51 millimeters	40 millimeters	32 grams
Kang Ning	康 寧	康 宁	kāng níng	"Health." "Composure."	A reference to the Five Blessings. The "Five Blessings" were first mentioned in the ancient Chinese classic "Book of Documents", which is known in Mandarin Chinese as either shujing (書經, 书经) or shangshu (尚書, 尚书), dating to the Zhou dynasty period in the 6th century BC. The "Five Blessings", which are also known in the English language as the "Five Happinesses" and the "Five Good Fortunes", include longevity, or Shou (壽, 寿), wealth, Fu (富, 富), health and composure, or Kangning (康寧, 康宁), virtue, Xiu Hao De (修好德, 修好德), and the desire for someone to eventually die a natural death in old age, or Kao Zhong Ming (考終命, 考终命).	34 millimeters	24 millimeters	11.2 grams
Ji Di	吉 迪	吉 迪	jí dí	"Lucky." or "Auspicious." "To enlighten."	A pair of Chinese characters wishing for good things.	67 millimeters	48 millimeters
Yi Se Xing Hua Hong Shi Li Zhuang Yuan Gui Qu Ma Ru Yi	一色杏花紅十裡壯元歸去馬如飛	一色杏花红十里壮元归去马如飞	yí sè xìng huā hóng shí lǐ zhuàng yuán guī qù mǎ rú fēi	"A scholar who just achieved the honor of coming in first in the final Hanlin examination sees an expansive field of blossoming red apricot flowers which prompts him to make his horse gallop even faster on his way home."	An inscription wishing for the wearer of this ancient Chinese pendant charm to come in first in the Confucian imperial examination system (Zhuangyuan).	56 millimeters	41 millimeters	20.6 grams
Tongxin Heyi Daquan Wushi	同心合意 大泉五十	同心合意 大泉五十	tóng xīn hé yì dà quán wǔ shí	"To be of one mind." "Large coin 50."	An inscription wishing for mental harmony. An inscription used on a series of Wang Mang's Xin dynasty period cash coin.
Zhushen Huibi	諸神迴避	诸神回避	zhū shén huí bì	"Evade all the spirits."	An inscription wishing for the wearer of this ancient Chinese pendant charm to be protected by the Daoist immortal Lü Dongbin.	53 millimeters	38 millimeters	23 grams
Quxie Jiangfu	驅邪降福	驱邪降福	qū xié jiàng fú	"Expel evil and send down good fortune (happiness)."	An inscription wishing for the wearer of this ancient Chinese pendant charm to be protected by the Daoist immortal Lü Dongbin.	53 millimeters	38 millimeters	23 grams
Jiangfu Bixie	降福避邪	降福避邪	jiàng fú bì xié	"Send down good fortune and keep away evil."	An inscription wishing for protection for the wearer.	54.6 millimeters	41.3 millimeters	24.2 grams
Qian Kan Gen Zhen Xun Li Kun Dui	乾坎艮震巽離坤兑	乾坎艮震巽离坤兑	qián kǎn gèn zhèn xùn lí kūn duì	"Heaven, Water, Mountain, Thunder, Wind, Fire, Earth, Lake."	The Eight Trigrams.	54.6 millimeters	41.3 millimeters	24.2 grams
Wuzi Dengke Zhuangyuan Jidi	五子登科 狀元及第	五子登科 状元及第	wǔ zǐ dēng kē zhuàng yuán jí dì	"May your five sons achieve great success in the imperial examinations." "May I attain to the rank of the first candidate at the examination for the Han Lin Academy." "May they head the list of successful candidates."	An inscription wishing for all five sons (the Confucian ideal number of male offspring) to all pass the Confucian imperial examination system. An inscription wishing to gain the title of "Zhuangyuan" in the Confucian imperial examination system.	43 millimeters	30 millimeters		Schjøth#95, Remmelts#31 (Obverse), Remmelts#9 (Reverse)
Lian Zhong Qu Xin Du Zhan Mei Ren	蓮中取心 獨戰美人	莲中取心 独战美人	Lián zhōng qǔ xīn dú zhàn měirén	"From the lotus take heart." "Alone grapple with beautiful women."	The observe of the amulet depicts 4 couples engaging in sexual intercourse, while the reverse depicts 4 threesomes implying that the above inscription is read sexually.				Hartill#2.227

Chinese Charms with the Chinese Character Guà (掛, "to hang")

Chinese Charms with the Chinese Character Guà (掛, "to hang")
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Length	Width	Weight	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Gua Changming Fugui Jinyu Mantang	掛 長命富貴金玉滿堂	挂 长命富贵金玉满堂	guà cháng mìng fù guì jīn yù mǎn táng	"To hang." "Longevity, wealth, and honour" and "Let gold and jade fill your halls."	An inscription wishing for the wearer of this ancient Chinese pendant charm to become wealthier.	68.6 millimeters	50 millimeters
Gua Changming Baisui	掛 長命百歲	挂 长命百岁	guà cháng mìng bǎi suì	"To hang." "Long life of 100 years."	An inscription wishing for longevity for the wearer of this ancient Chinese pendant charm.	67 millimeters	44.5 millimeters
Gua Fugui Changjiu	掛 富貴長久	挂 富贵长久	guà fù guì cháng jiǔ	"To hang." "Wealth and honour for a long time."	An inscription wishing for the wearer of this ancient Chinese pendant charms to experience multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.	67 millimeters	44.5 millimeters
Lianzi Guapai (連字掛牌, 连字挂牌, lián zì guà pái), an ancient Chinese pendant charm with characters linked or combined.
Gua Zhaocai Jinbao	掛 招財進寶	挂 招财进宝	guà zhāo cái jìn bǎo	"To hang." "Money and treasures will be plentiful." or "Attracts wealth and treasure."	The Chinese character zhao (招), meaning "attract", is at the lower right of the combined character. The Chinese character cai (財), which could be translated into the English language as "wealth" or "money", is just to the left of the zhao (招), and the left part of the Chinese character zhao (招) becomes the right part of the cai (財) character. The jin (進) is at the far left side of the combined character with its very bottom stroke extending all the way across and holding all the characters together. The upper part of the bao (寶) Hanzi character, which could be translated into the English language as "treasure", is written just above the character zhao, cai and jin characters. The bottom part (貝) of the Chinese character bao (寶) is the left part (貝) of the cai character (財) in the very middle of the ancient Chinese pendant charm.	54 millimeters	42 millimeters	23.8 grams
Gua Huangjin Wanliang	掛 黃金萬兩	挂 黄金万两	guà huáng jīn wàn liǎng	"To hang." "Ten thousand tael of gold."	The Chinese character at the top of the combined character depicted is huang (黄) which could be translated into the English language as "yellow". The character just below the huang is jin (金) which could be translated into the English language as either "gold" or "precious". At the bottom (or what are called the "legs") of the huang (黄) character form the top of the jin (金), or "gold", character. Together these two characters form the phrase huangjin (黄金) which could be translated into the English language as "yellow gold" or, simply, "gold". The Chinese character at the bottom is wan (萬) which means "ten thousand". The bottom part of the Chinese character jin (金) forms the top part of the wan (萬), or "ten thousand", character. In order to completely understand the implied meaning of the inscription of this pendant charm, however, it must also be noted that located to the right and left of the character huang (黄) are two crescent-shaped objects with hidden meanings. These symbols depict certain types of traditional gold ingots (known in Mandarin Chinese as yuanbao) representing "wealth". It is the same Chinese symbol that is located at the bottom of the other side of the ancient Chinese pendant charm. In Mandarin Chinese, one says "two" as liang (兩, 两). So the charm displays "two" yuan bao (gold ingots). But the same Chinese character liang (两) can mean a Chinese "ounce", also commonly known as a "tael" in the English language. The tael was used in imperial China as the measure of weight for the gold Yuanbao ingots and the silver sycees.	54 millimeters	42 millimeters	23.8 grams
Gua Qian Kan Gen Zhen Xun Li Kun Dui	掛 乾坎艮震巽離坤兑	挂 乾坎艮震巽离坤兑	guà qián kǎn gèn zhèn xùn lí kūn duì	"To hang." "Heaven, Water, Mountain, Thunder, Wind, Fire, Earth, Lake."	The eight trigrams.	67 millimeters	49 millimeters

Vase-shaped pendant charms

Some rare Chinese pendant charms are unusually shaped like vases or bottles. The vase in hidden and implied messages on Chinese amulets symbolises "peace" because the Mandarin Chinese word for vase, ping (瓶), has the same pronunciation as the word for peace in the phrase ping'an (平安).

Vase-shaped pendant charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Length	Width	Weight	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Tianchang Dijiu Changming Fugui	天長地久 長命富貴	天长地久 长命富贵	tiān cháng dì jiǔ cháng mìng fù guì	"As eternal and unchanging as the universe." "Longevity, wealth, and honour."	An inscription wishing for both stability and auspicious things.	77.8 millimeters	23 millimeters	20.1 grams

Taoist pendant (plaque) charms

Further information: Taoist coin charm § Pendant (plaque) charms

The ancient Chinese had a strong belief in the number five (5) which originated with the Five Elements (五行), also known as the Five Phases (五行). The primal concept of the number five may have had its roots in a mathematical system based on five (one hand of five fingers) as opposed to a base ten (two hands with ten fingers). Likewise, much of the Taoist worldview could be ordered into fives. For example, there are the five great mountains and each is associated with one of the five directions (五方, namely: north, south, east, west, center), five mythical animals (Four Auspicious Beasts (四象) and the Yellow Dragon), five colours (五色, namely: yellow, red, green, black, white), and the Five Sacred Emperors (五岳大帝).

Taoist pendant (plaque) charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Length	Width	Weight	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Changming Fugui	長命冨貴	长命冨贵	cháng mìng fù guì	"Longevity, endless wealth, and honour."	The inscription Changming Fugui here written as "長命冨貴" instead of "長命富貴", in this case the top of the Chinese character is written as “冖” (mi “cover”) instead of “宀” (mian “roof”), meaning that the small dot, or vertical line, at the top of the fù character is missing. Writing the fù (富) as "冨" is known in mandarin as Fù zì wú tóu (traditional Chinese: 富字無頭; simplified Chinese: 富字无头, "fù character without a top or limit"). This implies that in this case the character fù refers to "riches without an end" or "Endless riches" as opposed to simply meaning "riches" as the fù with a dotted top.	31.5 millimeters	24.5 millimeters
Chi Guo Bai Gu Chi Ling (Daoist "magic writing") Lin Lin Guai Guai Wu Yue Zhen Xing	赤郭白姑 勅令 (符箓) 林林夬夬 五岳真形	赤郭白姑 勅令 (符箓) 林林夬夬 五岳真形	Chì guō Bái gū Chì lìng (fúlù) Lín lín guài guài wǔ yuè zhēn xíng	"Lord Red" and "White Aunt" "Edict" (Daoist Talismanic writing) "Forest" and 43rd of the 64 hexagrams in the Book of Changes "True form” of the Five Great Mountains.	“Chi Guo” (赤郭) and “Bai Gu” (a mythical maiden) were two mythical beings who provided protection from demons and were described as “ghost-eaters”. François Thierry de Crussol, an expert in East Asian and Vietnamese currency, describes Chi Guo (“Lord Red”) as a supernatural giant, originally from southeastern China, who wore a red garment and had a red serpent wrapped around his neck. Lord Red was capable of swallowing 800 demons in the morning and 300 or 500 at night. Daoist "magic writing" (符箓, fulu) are special written characters that give orders to deities, spirits, demons, etc. The 43rd hexagram guai (夬) has the meaning “to respond strongly against opposing forces”.	86.6 millimeters	49 millimeters	67.1 grams

Political and military inscriptions

This list includes legendary figures.

Political and military inscriptions
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Tianguan Cifu	天官賜福	天官赐福	tiān guān cì fú	"May the Ruler of Heaven bestow good fortune."	A wish for good fortune granted by the lord of the Primal Heaven.
Tianhou Zuozhen	天后座鎮	天后座镇	tiān hòu zuò zhèn	"The Goddess of Heaven (Mazu, Matzu, Goddess of the Sea) is on her throne warding off evil influences."	A protective charm inscription used to ward off evil spirits and other maleficent forces.
Tianshi Zuozhen	天師座鎮	天师座镇	tiān shī zuò zhèn	"The Celestial Master (Zhang Daoling) is on his throne warding off evil influences."	A protective charm inscription used to ward off evil spirits and other maleficent forces.
Wenwang Baizi	文王百子	文王百子	wén wáng bǎi zǐ	"King Wen (of Zhou) had 100 sons."	A reference to a historical figure having a lot of male offspring as a wish to produce many male descendants.
Huangdi Wansui	皇帝萬歲	皇帝万岁	huáng dì wàn suì	"May the Emperor live ten thousand years."	A wish for the Emperor of China to live long.
Zhongchen Qianqiu	重臣千秋	重臣千秋	qiān qiū zhòng chén	"May the important officials live a thousand years."	A wish for politicians to live long.
Benming Xingguan	本命星官	本命星官	běn mìng xīng guān	"The Star Official of Dominant Vitality."	A reference to a Chinese deity.
Benming Xingshen	本命星神	本命星神	běn mìng xīng shén	"The Star God of Dominant Vitality."	A reference to a Chinese deity.
Benming Yuanshen	本命元神	本命元神	běn mìng yuán shén	"The Primal God of Dominant Vitality."	A reference to a Chinese deity.
Yuantian Shangdi	元天上帝	元天上帝	yuán tiān shàng dì	"Supreme Lord of the Primal Heaven."	A reference to a Chinese deity.
Xuanyuan Huangdi	玄元皇帝	玄元皇帝	xuán yuán huáng dì	"Supreme Emperor of the Mystery Prime (or Primal Mystery)."	A reference to a Chinese deity.
Zhang Tianshi	張天師	张天师	zhāng tiān shī	"The Celestial Master Zhang."	Zhang Daoling and the Way of the Celestial Masters.
Guansheng Dijun	關聖帝君	关圣帝君	guān shèng dì jūn	"Saintly Emperor Guan."	Guan Yu.
Tianzi Wannian	天子萬年	天子万年	tiān zǐ wàn nián	"May the Emperor (Son of Heaven) live for a myriad (10,000) of years."	A blessing towards the ruling monarch.
A Mi Tuo Fo, A Mi Tuo Fo, A Mi Tuo Fo, A Mi Tuo Fo, A Mi Tuo Fo	阿彌陀佛, 可彌陀佛, 可爾陀佛, 可爾它佛, 可爾它弗	阿弥陀佛, 可弥陀佛, 可尔陀佛, 可尔它佛, 可尔它弗	ē mí tuó fó, kě mí tuó fó, kě ěr tuó fó, kě ěr tā fó, kě ěr tā fú	"A Wry Mouthed Monk Chants Scriptures Aimlessly" (歪嘴和尚瞎念经).	Refers to a person who does not implement policies or regulations the way they should be.
Shanhu Zai Shanhu	山呼再山呼	山呼再山呼	shān hū zài shān hū	"Three shouts of "Long live the Emperor!" after three kowtow and then again three shouts of "Long live the Emperor!" after three kowtow."	An inscription wishing for longevity for the Chinese Emperor.

Puzzlementary inscriptions

Puzzlementary inscriptions
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Buke Siyi	不可思議	不可思议	bù kě sī yì	"Inconceivable. - Unimaginable. - Difficult to understand."	An inscription of utter puzzlement.
Yujin Dengqing	玉禁澄清	玉禁澄清	yù jìn dèng qīng	"Jade ban clarification."	Unknown.

Safe journey charms

Main article: Taoist coin charm § Safe journey charms

Safe journey charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Shuilu Ping'an	水魯平安	水鲁平安	shuǐ lǔ píng ān	"May you have peace by land and water."	A wish for the carrier to have a safe journey.

Silver cash coin-shaped charms

Silver cash coin-shaped charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Description	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Changming Fugui Wenyin Xianggang He Baoxiang	長命富貴 紋銀香港河寶樣	长命富贵 纹银香港河宝样	cháng mìng fù guì wén yín xiāng gǎng hé bǎo yàng	"Longevity, wealth, and honour." "Fine silver", made in Hong Kong by He Bao Xiang.	A modern Chinese house charm.	A Chinese numismatic charm that was probably made during the 1890's, in the British colony of Hong Kong, it has a diameter of 18.5 millimeters and a weight of 1.5 grams.

Spade charms

Main article: Chinese numismatic charm § Chinese Spade charms

Spade charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Hou Bu	厚布	厚布	hòu bù	"Thick spade." "Kind spade."	A Chinese spade charm based on a Wang Mang period spade coin with a slightly changed inscription.

The Book of Changes and Bagua charms (Eight Trigram charms)

Main article: Taoist coin charm § The Book of Changes and Bagua charms (Eight Trigram charms)

The Book of Changes and Bagua charms (Eight Trigram charms)
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Diameter	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Yuanheng Lizhen	元亨利貞	元亨利贞	yuán hēng lì zhēn	"Sign of the great sacrifice." "Auspicious omen."	An inscription referencing a sacrifice or martyrdom. The first four characters in the I-Ching are Yuan Heng Li Zhen (元亨利貞) but their interpretation has challenged scholars throughout the millennia.  Some interpret the meaning, in regard to divination, as "Sign of the great sacrifice. - Auspicious omen." Some of the Confucians interpreted the meaning as the "four virtues".
Fulu Shouxi	福祿壽喜	福禄寿喜	fú lù shòu xǐ	"Good fortune, official salary (emolument), longevity, and happiness."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Jiangfu Bixie	降福避邪	降福避邪	jiàng fú bì xié	"Send down good fortune and keep away evil."	An inscription wishing for both good fortune and to be protected from bad fortune.
Changming Fugui	長命富貴	长命富贵	cháng mìng fù guì	"Longevity, wealth, and honour."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Fushou Kangning	福壽康寧	福寿康宁	fú shòu kāng níng	"Happiness, longevity, health and composure."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.
Tianxia Taiping	天下太平	天下太平	tiān xià tài píng	"Peace under heaven."	A wish for peace for "all under heaven" (Tianxia).
Qingqian Wanxuan	青錢萬選	青钱万选	qīng qián wàn xuǎn	"Old money ten thousand silver coins."	There are two variants of interpreting the obverse legend: (A) 100,000,000 of copper cash coins. (B) {Let} money returns by silver coin.	30 millimeters

Yin and Yang charms

Yin and yang coins (陰陽錢), also known as jian pu qian or "coins for casting spells", are Chinese numismatic charms based on the I-Ching. They generally bear the Eight Trigrams on one side, which will be considered as the empty side, and a more or less esoteric inscription on the other side, which are considered as the inscribed side.

Yin and yang charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Diameter	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Ji Yi Xiang Gua	極儀象卦	极仪象卦	jí yí xiàng guà	"The Summit, the Modalities, the Aspects, the Trigrams."	The law summarizes in four characters the process of constitution of all the possible situations of beings and things: the primordial Movement manifests itself in Tai ji, the "Supreme Summit", according to the two Modalities, yin and yang; these Modalities (yi) associated two by two form the four Aspects (xiang); by adding under the Aspects a yin line or a yang line one obtains the Eight Trigrams, Ba gua.	29,4 millimeters	Thierry#64
Yuanheng Lizhen Sichen Tongle	元亨利貞 四辰同樂	元亨利贞 四辰同乐	yuán hēng lì zhēn sì chén tóng lè	"Initial cause, freedom, good, perfection." "In the four seasons, union in joy!"	Yuen heng li zhen is the first sentence of Yijing, it explains the qian hexagram, one of the most auspicious since it is composed of 6 yang lines. This piece is probably Vietnamese in origin due to the modification of the traditional formula si shi tong le by si chen tong le: The Shi (時, thì) is replaced by Chen (辰, thìn) ​​which has approximately the same meaning here, because thì makes part of the personal name of the Tự Đức Emperor (1818–1883).	30 millimeters	Thierry 1987 n°70

Treasure bowl charms

Main article: Chinese numismatic charm § Chinese treasure bowl charms

Treasure bowl charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Ping'an Jiqing	平安吉慶	平安吉庆	píng ān jí qìng	"Peace and Happiness."	An inscription wishing for both harmony and gladness.
Zhaocai Jinbao	招財進寳	招财进宝	zhāo cái jìn bǎo	"Money and treasures will be plentiful. - Attracts wealth and treasure."	An inscription wishing for wealth.	ACV#223

Vault protector coins

Main article: Vault protector coin

Vault protector coins
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Period of production	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Da-Tang Zhenku	大唐鎮庫			"The Vault Protector of the Tang Dynasty"		The Baoda period of Li Jing, Southern Tang dynasty.
Shunzhi Tongbao Boo Yuwan	順治通寶 ᠪᠣᠣ ᠶᡠᠸᠠᠨ	顺治通宝 ᠪᠣᠣ ᠶᡠᠸᠠᠨ	shùn zhì tōng bǎo Boo Yuwan
Shunzhi Tongbao Gong	順治通寶 工	顺治通宝 工	shùn zhì tōng bǎo gōng
Jiaqing Wannian	嘉慶萬年
Xianfeng Tongbao Da-Qing Zhenku	咸豐通寶 大清鎮庫
Baoyuan Juzao Zhenku	寶源局造 鎮庫			"Made by the Ministry of Public Works." "Vault protector coin."
Xianfeng Yuanbao Zhen Ku Boo Ciowan	咸豐元寶 鎮庫 ᠪᠣᠣ ᠴᡳᠣᠸᠠᠨ
Qixiang Zhongbao Da-Qing Zhenku	祺祥重寶 大清鎮庫
Guangxu Tongbao Boo Yuwan	光緒通寶 ᠪᠣᠣ ᠶᡠᠸᠠᠨ	光绪通宝 ᠪᠣᠣ ᠶᡠᠸᠠᠨ	guāng xù tōng bǎo Boo Yuwan	"Guangxu circulating treasure." "Ministry of Revenue Mint."
Taiping Tianguo Shengbao	太平天囯 聖寶	太平天囯		"Heavenly Kingdom of Great Peace." "Holy Treasure."

Virtuous inscriptions

Virtuous inscriptions
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Fu Lu Shou	福祿壽	福禄寿	fú lù shòu	"Happiness, emolument, and longevity."	An inscription noting multiple virtuous things.
Fulu Shouxi	福祿壽喜	福禄寿喜	fú lù shòu xǐ	"Good fortune, emolument (official salary), longevity, and happiness."	An inscription noting multiple virtuous things.
Fushou Kangning	福壽康寧	福寿康宁	fú shòu kāng níng	"Happiness, longevity, health, and composure."	An inscription noting multiple virtuous things.
Shoufu Kangning	壽福康寧	寿福康宁	shòu fú kāng níng	"Longevity, happiness, health, and composure."	An inscription noting multiple virtuous things.
Jishan Yuqing	積善余慶	积善余庆	jī shàn yú qìng	"Accumulating virtuous conduct will bring overflowing happiness."	A statement claiming that practicing virtue will make one happy.
Houde Ronggui	厚德榮貴	厚德荣贵	hòu dé róng guì	"Sincere virtue, glory, and honour."	An inscription praising virtue among other socially beneficial concepts.
Weishan Zuile	為善最樂	为善最乐	wéi shàn zuì lè	"To practice virtue is the greatest happiness."	A statement claiming that practicing virtue will make one happy.
Weishan Weibao	惟善為寶	惟善为宝	wéi shàn wéi bǎo	"Only virtue is precious."	The statement that the only thing of value is virtue.

Wealth and business inscriptions

Wealth and business inscriptions
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Diameter	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Jinyu Mantang	金玉滿堂	金玉满堂	jīn yù mǎn táng	"May gold and jade fill your house (halls)."	An inscription wishing for wealth within the house.
Jinyin Mantang	金銀滿堂	金银满堂	jīn yín mǎn táng	"May gold and silver fill your house (halls)."	An inscription wishing for wealth.
Riru Qianjin, Changwu Xiangwang	日入千金, 長毋相忘	日入千金, 长毋相忘	rì rù qiān jīn, cháng wú xiāng wàng	"Do not forget your friends when you earn much gold everyday."	An inscription reminding people to not forget their old friends and acquaintances when the reader becomes wealthy.
Furu Donghai	福如東海	福如东海	fú rú dōng hǎi	"Fortune as vast as the East China Sea."	An inscription wishing for wealth.
Zhaocai Jinbao	招財進寶	招财进宝	zhāo cái jìn bǎo	"Money and treasures will be plentiful. - Attracts wealth and treasure."	An inscription wishing for wealth.
Zhaocai Lishi	招財利市	招财利市	zhāo cái lì shì	"Bring wealth and a good market."	An inscription wishing for wealth.
Qingqian Wanxuan Zhidi Jinsheng	青錢萬選 楖滴金聲	青钱万选 楖滴金声	qīng qián wàn xuǎn zhì dī jīn shēng	"Brass coin (chosen from) ten thousand (other coins)" ie. "coin of superior quality" or "made of superior brass." "Drop (this coin) to the ground (and you will) hear the sound of gold."	An inscription stating that this coin will bring more money and gold.	55 millimeters	EJM#32.9
Zhenzhai Zhibao	鎮宅之寶	镇宅之宝	zhèn zhái zhī bǎo	"Treasure to rid a dwelling of evil spirits."	An inscription indicating that this "treasure" (coin) keeps evil supernatural influences away.
Baoquan Yongfu	寶泉永富	宝泉永富	bǎo quán yǒng fù	"Treasures and coins forever wealthy."	An inscription wishing for eternal wealth.
Huangjin Wanliang	黄金萬两	黄金万两	huáng jīn wàn liǎng	"Ten thousand tael of gold."	An inscription wishing for a large amount of gold.
Wanjin Wanliang	萬金萬兩	万金万两	wàn jīn wàn liǎng	"Riches on riches (myriads of gold and taels)."	An inscription wishing for wealth.
Shengcai Ruyi	生財如意	生财如意	shēng cái rú yì	"Become wealthy according to your wishes."	An inscription for gaining as much wealth as one wants.
Riyou Wanbei	日有萬倍	日有万倍	rì yǒu wàn bèi	"May your (profits) increase ten-thousand fold daily."	A wish for exponentially growing monetary profits.
Yiben Wanli	一本萬利	一本万利	yī běn wàn lì	"(Let there be) ten thousand of profit from one (allotment of your) funds." "Small investment brings big (10,000 fold) profit."	A wish for making lots of money while investing only a small amount of money into a business venture.
Fafu Shengcai	發福生財	发福生财	fā fú shēng cái	"Be in good health and become wealthy."	An inscription wishing for both good health and to gain more wealth.
Duijin Jiyu	堆金積玉	堆金积玉	duī jīn jī yù	"Accumulate wealth. - Pile up gold and jade."	An inscription wishing for wealth.
Dafa Caiyuan	大發財源	大发财源	dà fā cái yuán	"Grand source of wealth."	An inscription wishing for wealth.
Riru Qianjin	日入千金	日入千金	rì rù qiān jīn	"Earn a thousand gold daily."	A wish to make a lot of money.
Rijin Doujin	日進斗金	日进斗金	rì jìn dòu jīn	"Earn bushels of gold daily."	A wish to make a lot of money.
Shengcai Youdao	生財有道	生财有道	shēng cái yǒu dào	"Knowing how to make money."	The wish to learn how to earn more money.
Riri Shengcai	日日生財	日日生财	rì rì shēng cái	"Make money daily."	A wish to make a lot of money every day.
Qianzhong Zhiwang	錢中之王	钱中之王	qián zhōng zhī wáng	"King of cash coins."	A popular nickname given to a cash coin of extremely high value.
Jiaji Renzu	家給人足	家给人足	jiā gěi rén zú	"Wealthy homes and contented people. (a district where there are no poor.)"	A wish to eradicate local poverty and live in wealth.
Yiben Wanli Shunfeng Daji	一本萬利 順風大吉	一本万利 顺风大吉	yī běn wàn lì shùn fēng dà jí	"(Let there be) ten thousand of profit from one (allotment of your) funds." "Small investment brings big (10,000 fold) profit." "(Wish you, or Let there be) Favorable wind and good luck." "May you have a favourable wind and good luck."	This amulet is believed to kept by merchants and businessmen.	50.5 millimeters and 44 millimeters	EJM#32.1

Wisdom inscriptions

Wisdom inscriptions
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Feili Feiyan	非禮非言	非礼非言	fēi lǐ fēi yán	"Do not speak without observing propriety."	An advise to first observe the situation before speaking.
Feili Feidong	非禮非動	非礼非动	fēi lǐ fēi dòng	"Do not act without observing propriety."	An advise to first observe the situation before acting.
Xisheng Guizi Hehe Ruyi	喜生貴子和合如意	喜生贵子和合如意	xǐ shēng guì zi hé hé rú yì	"Happiness in begetting sons who attain honors and may harmony be according to your wishes."	A Confucian ideal of having lots of successful male offspring.
Jisuo Buyu Wushi Yuren	己所不欲勿施於人	己所不欲勿施於人	jǐ suǒ bù yù wù shī yú rén	"Do not do to others that which you do not wish to be done to yourself."	An advice to treat others how you want to be treated by others.
Shengjiao Qifeng	勝蛟起鳳	胜蛟起凤	shèng jiāo qǐ fèng	"The springing dragon and rising phoenix."	A reference to to literary fame.
Badou Zhicai	八斗之才	八斗之才	bā dòu zhī cái	"Cao Zhi had 8 dou of a total 10 dou (one dan) of the world's talent." "eight decalitres (10 litres) of talent." "Eight bushels of talent." "Eight decalitres of talent."	A person who is very gifted and has a great talent for writing. A reference to a story in which the sons of Cao Cao, Cao Zhi and Cao Pi a rivalry related to their intelligence and many talents and Cao Pi tries to kill Cao Zhi out of spite and jealousy. The inscription itself refers to a commentary made by Xie Lingyun, a famous poet of the Eastern Jin dynasty period, who wrote: "Heaven only gave the world ten dou in a dan and Cao Zhi alone has eight of them." (天下才有一石 (十斗),曹子建(曹植)独占八斗).
Wenxing Gaozhao	文星高照	文星高照	wén xīng gāo zhào	"May the Literary Star shine brightly."	A wish for gaining more knowledge.
Xiaofa Tiandi	效法天地	效法天地	xiào fǎ tiān de	"Learn from the heavens and the earth."	A reminder to always be studious.
Baiwu Jinji	百無禁忌	百无禁忌	bǎi wú jìn jì	"Nothing to be superstitious about (no restrictions, no taboos, nothing to be avoided)."	A condemnation of superstition.

World of Brightness charms

Main article: Chinese numismatic charm § Chinese "World of Brightness" coins

Obverse side

World of Brightness charms (obverse)
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Guangming Shijie	光明世界	光明世界	guāng míng shì jiè	"World of brightness."	Possibly a reference to "the world of darkness", this is a machine-struck amulet based on a Guangxu Tongbao (光緒通寶) cash coin.

Reverse sides

World of Brightness charms (reverse)
Inscription (Transliteration)	Original language	Literal English translation	Meaning	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Boo Guwang	ᠪᠣᠣ ᡤᡠᠸᠠᠩ	Guangzhou Mint	The mint mark of the Guangzhou Mint, the provincial mint of Guangdong.
Guangming Shijie	光明世界	"World of brightness."	Possibly a reference to "the world of darkness"
9 stars	★★★★★★★★★		In ancient Chinese symbolism this can have multiple meanings, for one the ancient Chinese people, and particularly the Taoists, believed that the star constellation known as the “Big Dipper” or “Ladle” (北斗) consisted of the 7 different stars that we observe today alongside what they claimed were 2 "invisible" or “attendant” stars making a total of 9 stars in the constellation. According to the Daoists, the “Big Dipper” was the location where they believed that the gods lived and the "Big Dipper" constellation also served as the emperor’s chariot. Among the major Chinese Buddhist and Taoist deities worshipped related to this constellation is Doumu. Furthermore, the number “nine” (九, Jiǔ) is considered to be an auspicious number to the Chinese because in the Mandarin Chinese language it has the same pronunciation as the word “forever” (久, Jiǔ).

Zodiac charms

Main article: Chinese numismatic charm § Zodiac charms

The zodiac amulets, which in China are called "coins of the animal of birth", or "coins of the fundamental destiny", are amulets to which one supposedly lends protective powers according to their sign of birth. According to traditional Chinese beliefs each individual, their life, their course, and their success are linked to the protection granted to them by the Benming Guan (本命官, "Mandarin of Basic Destiny") who resides in the star of the constellation North Bushel (the Big Dipper) which corresponds to their year of birth. This year takes place in a cycle of twelve symbolised by twelve cyclical signs and by twelve animals. Zodiacal amulets bear either the animal of birth, or the Benming Xingguan, or the zodiac as a whole, or combinations of these three forms.

Zodiac charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Diameter	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Wuxing Dabu Yin Shi	五行大布 寅時	五行大布 寅时	wǔ xíng dà bù yín shí	"Large Coin of the Five Elements." "Tiger hour."	The coin was the Wuxing Dabu (五行大布, "Large Coin of the Five Elements") which was produced during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Northern Zhou Dynasty (557-581 AD). The "five elements" (五行) refer to the five fundamental elements of "metal" (金), "wood" (木), "water" (水), "fire" (火), and "earth" (土). The ancient Chinese people divided the day into 12 two-hour segments know as shichen (時辰 / 时辰), as opposed to 24 segments as is customary in the west.  Each shichen was named after one of the “Twelve Earthly Branches” (地支). The third shichen (or "Chinese hour") which would be 3:00 Ante Meridiem to 4:59 Ante Meridiem, was named yinshi (寅時) after the 3rd of the Twelve Terrestrial Branches.  Each of the twelve terrestrial branches is traditionally associated with one of the twelve animals of the Chinese zodiac system, the third zodiacal animal in the Chinese series is the "tiger". The ancient Chinese used to believe that the period of 3:00 Ante Meridiem – 4:59 Ante Meridiem was the time the tiger was most likely to hunt for food. The tiger, in ancient Chinese culture, was perceived by the superstitious to be a symbol of "protection" rather than a source of danger.
Zi	子	子	zǐ	"Rat."	The earthly branch representing the Chinese zodiac "Rat".	16 millimeters	EJM#3.2.13
Ch'ou	丑	丑	chǒu	"Ox." "Cow."	The earthly branch representing the Chinese zodiac "Ox".	16 millimeters	EJM#3.2.14
Yin	寅	寅	yín	"Tiger."	The earthly branch representing the Chinese zodiac "Tiger".	16 millimeters	EJM#3.2.15 (missing an image)
Mao	卯	卯	mǎo	"Rabbit."	The earthly branch representing the Chinese zodiac "Rabbit".	16 millimeters	EJM#3.2.16
Ch'en	辰	辰	chén	"Dragon."	The earthly branch representing the Chinese zodiac "Dragon".	16 millimeters	EJM#3.2.17
Si	巳	巳	sì	"Snake."	The earthly branch representing the Chinese zodiac "Snake".	16 millimeters	EJM#3.2.18
Wu	午	午	wǔ	"Horse."	The earthly branch representing the Chinese zodiac "Horse".	16 millimeters	EJM#3.2.19
Wei	未	未	wèi	"Goat."	The earthly branch representing the Chinese zodiac "Goat".	16 millimeters	EJM#3.2.20
Shen	申	申	shēn	"Monkey."	The earthly branch representing the Chinese zodiac "Monkey".	16 millimeters	EJM#3.2.21
You	酉	酉	yǒu	"Rooster."	The earthly branch representing the Chinese zodiac "Rooster".	16 millimeters	EJM#3.2.22
Xu	戌	戌	xū	"Dog."	The earthly branch representing the Chinese zodiac "Dog".	16 millimeters	EJM#3.2.23
Hai	亥	亥	hài	"Pig."	The earthly branch representing the Chinese zodiac "Pig".	16 millimeters	EJM#3.2.24 (missing an image)

By number of Chinese characters and design

Four character obverse, pictorial reverse charms

Four character obverse, pictorial reverse charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Diameter	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Taiping Fugui	太平富貴	太平富贵	tài píng fù guì	"Great peace, wealth, and honour."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture.	75 millimeters
Wugu Fengdeng	五穀豐登	五谷丰登	wǔ gǔ fēng dēng	"Abundant harvest of all food crops, bumper grain harvest."	An inscription wishing for successful harvests and an abundance of food.	32 millimeters
Changsheng Baoming	長生保命	长生保命	cháng shēng bǎo mìng	"Long life and protect life."	An inscription wishing for both safety and longevity.	58 millimeters
Zhuangyuan Jidi	狀元及第	状元及第	zhuàng yuán jí dì	"(May you be) the first rank at the examination for the Hanlin Academy." "May I attain to the rank of the first candidate at the examination for the Han Lin Academy." "May they head the list of successful candidates."	An inscription wishing to gain the title of "Zhuangyuan" in the Confucian imperial examination system.	29 millimeters

Four character obverse, one character reverse charms

Four character obverse, one character reverse charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Diameter	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Kangqiang Fengji Jia	康強逢吉 佳	康强逢吉 佳	kāng qiáng féng jí jiā	"(Wish you) good health (and let you meet) good luck." "Good, beautiful, happy."	An inscription wishing for good fortune.	53 millimeters	EJM#29.10

Four character obverse, two character reverse charms

Four character obverse, two character reverse charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Diameter	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Jixiang Ruyi Bai Shou	吉祥如意 百壽	吉祥如意 百寿	jí xiáng rú yì bǎi shòu	"May your good fortune be according to your wishes." "All hapiness to you." "One hundred longevities."	An inscription wishing for good fortune/good luck. An inscription wishing for longevity.	27 millimeters	EJM#30.7, Schjøth#XXV No.20

Four character obverse, four character reverse charms

Four character obverse, four character reverse charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Diameter	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Wuzi Dengke Zhuangyuan Jidi	五子登科 狀元及第	五子登科 状元及第	wǔ zǐ dēng kē zhuàng yuán jí dì	"May your five sons achieve great success in the imperial examinations." "May I attain to the rank of the first candidate at the examination for the Han Lin Academy." "May they head the list of successful candidates."	An inscription wishing for all five sons (the Confucian ideal number of male offspring) to all pass the Confucian imperial examination system. An inscription wishing to gain the title of "Zhuangyuan" in the Confucian imperial examination system.	18.5 millimeters	Remmelts#31 (Obverse), Remmelts#9 (Reverse)
Wuzi Dengke Zhuangyuan Jidi	五子登科 狀元及第	五子登科 状元及第	wǔ zǐ dēng kē zhuàng yuán jí dì	"May your five sons achieve great success in the imperial examinations." "May I attain to the rank of the first candidate at the examination for the Han Lin Academy." "May they head the list of successful candidates."	An inscription wishing for all five sons (the Confucian ideal number of male offspring) to all pass the Confucian imperial examination system. An inscription wishing to gain the title of "Zhuangyuan" in the Confucian imperial examination system.	25 millimeters	Remmelts#31 (Obverse), Remmelts#9 (Reverse)
Sanyang Kaitai Yipin Dangchao	三陽開泰 一品當朝	三阳开泰 一品当朝	sān yáng kāi tài yī pǐn dāng cháo	"Three suns open blossom." "(Let you be) officer of the first degree in the royal court."	"In the Ming and Qing Dynasties it was said green,red and white sun represent past, present and future. San Yang Kai Tai is an auspicious expression indication that spring returns to the earth and everything looks fresh and gay. It is also the symbol of prosperity and fulfillment of one's desire." To gain the title of "Zhuangyuan" in the Confucian imperial examination system.	28 millimeters	EJM#32.3
Changming Fugui Siji Ping'an	長命富貴 四季平安	长命富贵 四季平安	cháng mìng fù guì sì jì píng ān	"Longevity, wealth, and honour." "Peace throughout the year."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to he "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture. A wish for a very peaceful year.	22 millimeters
Weilie Santai Rongfeng Jiuxi	位列三台 榮封九錫	位列三台 荣封九锡	wèi liè sān tái róng fēng jiǔ xī	"Digitary place, rank; Three highest (three pairs of stars of Ursa Major constellation, in astrology are linked with San Gong (三公) - three highest dignitaries of country)." Honoured awarding to a rank; Nine grants (九錫) [from Emperor to landlord]: horse with vehicle, garment, music instrumentals, right to paint his gate in red, right to arrange a front porch of honor, right to have [100] bodyguard, bow and arrows, battle axe and pole-axe, wine of sacrifice.	Let you be compared with the three highest dignitaries of country! To be granted the Nine Grants.	40 millimeters
Weilie Santai Rongfeng Jiuxi	位列三台 榮封九錫	位列三台 荣封九锡	wèi liè sān tái róng fēng jiǔ xī	"Digitary place, rank; Three highest (three pairs of stars of Ursa Major constellation, in astrology are linked with San Gong (三公) - three highest dignitaries of country)." Honoured awarding to a rank; Nine grants (九錫) [from Emperor to landlord]: horse with vehicle, garment, music instrumentals, right to paint his gate in red, right to arrange a front porch of honor, right to have [100] bodyguard, bow and arrows, battle axe and pole-axe, wine of sacrifice.	Let you be compared with the three highest dignitaries of country! To be granted the Nine Grants.	42 millimeters
Zhuangyuan Jidi Zhuangyuan Jidi	狀元及第 狀元及第	状元及第 状元及第	zhuàng yuán jí dì zhuàng yuán jí dì	"(May you be) the first rank at the examination for the Hanlin Academy." / "May I attain to the rank of the first candidate at the examination for the Han Lin Academy." / "May they head the list of successful candidates." (repeated twice)	To gain the title of "Zhuangyuan" in the Confucian imperial examination system. (repeated twice)	26 millimeters
Jixing Gongzhao Zhenzhai Ping'an	吉星拱照 鎮宅平安	吉星拱照 镇宅平安	jí xīng gǒng zhào zhèn zhái píng ān	"(Let) the Star of Fortune Light up (your life)." "(Let in every) township and house be Peace and Calmness."	An inscription wishing for both good fortune and peace.	23 millimeters, 24 millimeters, and 25 millimeters
Hehe Wannian Yijia Meishou	和合萬年 以介眉壽	和合万年 以介眉寿	hé hé wàn nián yǐ jiè méi shòu	"(Let you be in) chime for ten thousand years." i.e. for a long time. "(Let this coin) foster your longevity."	An inscription wishing for extremely long longevity.	21.5 millimeters	EJM#32.8
Fushou Kangning Baizi Qiansun	福壽康寧 百子千孫	福寿康宁 百子千孙	fú shòu kāng níng bǎi zǐ qiān sūn	"Happiness, longevity, health, and composure." "A hundred sons and a thousand grandsons."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture. A wish for male descendants.	32 millimeters
Fushou Kangning Baizi Qiansun	福壽康寧 百子千孫	福寿康宁 百子千孙	fú shòu kāng níng bǎi zǐ qiān sūn	"Happiness, longevity, health, and composure." "A hundred sons and a thousand grandsons."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture. A wish for male descendants.	33 millimeters
Fushou Kangning Baizi Qiansun	福壽康寧 百子千孫	福寿康宁 百子千孙	fú shòu kāng níng bǎi zǐ qiān sūn	"Happiness, longevity, health, and composure." "A hundred sons and a thousand grandsons."	An inscription wishing for multiple things considered to be "auspicious" in traditional Chinese culture. A wish for male descendants.	34 millimeters
Furu Donghai Shoubi Nanshan	福如東海 壽比南山	福如东海 寿比南山	fú rú dōng hǎi shòu bǐ nán shān	"Fortune as vast as the East China Sea." "Longevity as great as the South Mountain."	An inscription wishing for wealth. An inscription wishing to live as long as a mountain.	30 millimeters

Two character obverse, plain reverse charms

Two character obverse, plain reverse charms
Inscription (Transliteration)	Traditional Chinese	Simplified Chinese	Hànyǔ Pīnyīn	Literal English translation	Meaning	Diameter	Catalogue number(s)	Image
Wu Wu	五五	五五	wǔ wǔ	"Five five."	An inscription based on an ancient Chinese Wu Zhu (五銖) cash coin.	20 millimeters	EJM#27.4

See also

• Cash coins in feng shui
• List of Korean numismatic charms by inscription
• List of Vietnamese numismatic charms by inscription

Notes

Catalogue numbers

• Hartill = Cast Chinese Amulets by David Hartill (13 August 2020).

• ACV = Amulettes de Chine et du Viet-Nam by François Thierry de Crussol, Paris (1987), in French.

• AC = Amulettes de Chine by François Thierry de Crussol, Bibliothèque nationale de France (2008), in French.

• CC = Classic Chinese Charms. Editor: Zheng Yiwei, Deputy Editors: Guo Yi-ling et al. Shanghai (2004).

• CS = Sequel of Classic Chinese Charms. Editor Zheng Yiwei, Deputy Editors Liu Yuan, Li Guangjie. Shanghai 2006.

• CKCC = Op den Velde, Wybrand & Hartill, David - Cast Korean Coins and Charms (2013).

• CCC = Hartill, David - Cast Chinese Coins, Second Edition. (2017).

• EJC = Hartill, David - Early Japanese Coins (2011).

• L = 刘春声 (Liu Chunsheng) - 中国古代镂空花钱鉴赏 (Zhongguo Gudai Loukong Qian Jianshang). Catalogue of Ancient Open Work Charms. Beijing (2005).

• EJM = Metal Charms and Amulets of China by Edgar J. Mandel.

• Grundmann = Amulette Chinas und seiner Nachbarländer by Horst Grundmann (2003), in German.

• Remmelts = A.A. Remmelts. Chinese Charms and Amulets. Amsterdam, 1968.

• ZGHQ = Xu Liuliang (余榴梁) and others, Zhongguo Huaqian (中国花钱), Shanghai, 1992, 509 pages.

• CCFAC = Chinese Charms: Art, Religion and Folk Belief by Dr. Fang Alex Chengyu (2008).

• LZH = 卢振海 (Lu Zhenhai) - 中国古代压胜钱谱 (Zhong-guo gu dai ya sheng qian pu). Chinese Old Talismanic Coin Register. Shenyang (1991).

• S = С. Н. ШЕВЦОВ - КИТАЙСКИЕ МОНЕТОВИАНЫЕ АМУЛЕТЫ НАЛПИСИ, CIOжEты, CимВОлы (Sergei Shevtsov - Chinese Coin Amulets. Inscriptions, Narration, Symbols), Moscow (2019).

Sources

• Hartill, David (August 13, 2020) Cast Chinese Amulets. United Kingdom: New Generation Publishing. ISBN 978-1800316621.
• Amulets of Vietnam by Craig Greenbaum. Published: 2006. Retrieved: 23 February 2020.
• Edgar J. Mandel. Metal Charms and Amulets of China.
• Great Dictionary of China Numismatics (中國錢幣大辭典) - Chinese Charms (壓勝錢編), January, 2013. 995 pages. (in Mandarin Chinese).
• Hartill, David (September 22, 2005). Cast Chinese Coins. Trafford, United Kingdom: Trafford Publishing. ISBN 978-1412054669.
• op den Velde, Wybrand; Hartill, David (12 November 2013). 'Cast Korean Coins and Charms. New Generation Publishing. ISBN 978-0755215942.

Category:Chinese numismatic charms

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• <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= February 2021|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>

January 2021.

• <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= January 2021|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.

• <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= January 2021|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= January 2021|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>

• <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= January 2021|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>

December 2020.

• <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= December 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.

• <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= December 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= December 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>

• <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= December 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>

October 2020.

• <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= October 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.

• <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= October 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= October 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>

• <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= October 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>

November 2020.

• <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= November 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.

• <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= November 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= November 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>

• <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= November 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>

September 2020.

• <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= September 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.

• <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= September 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= September 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>

• <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= September 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>

August 2020.

• <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= August 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.

• <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= August 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= August 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>

• <ref name="Chinese-Coinage-Web-Site">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= August 2020|author= Vladimir Belyaev (Владимир Беляев)|publisher= Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru)|language=en}}</ref>

July 2020.

• <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= July 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.

• <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= July 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= July 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>

June 2020.

• <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= June 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.

• <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= June 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= June 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>

May 2020.

• <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= May 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= May 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> No longer needed as I've imported THE ENTIRE WEBSITE, except for ancient Chinese piggy banks.

• <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate=May 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= May 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>

April 2020.

• <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= April 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= April 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Kaogu">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate=April 2020|author= Credited as "NetWriter".|publisher= [[Kaogu]] (考古) - [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]], [[Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] (中国社会科学院考古研究所)|language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="TransAsiart">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=14 September 2015|accessdate= April 2020|author= [[François Thierry (numismatist)|François Thierry de Crussol]] (蒂埃里)|publisher= TransAsiart|language=fr}}</ref>

March 2020.

• <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= March 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= March 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>

February 2020.

• <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= February 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= February 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>

January 2020.

• <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= January 2020|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= January 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>

December 2019.

• <ref name="">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=|accessdate= December 2019|author= |publisher= |language=en}}</ref>

• <ref name="Primaltrek">{{cite web|url= |title=.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate= December 2019|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>

To use

• <ref name="HoreshQing">{{cite web|url= https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-981-10-0622-7_54-1|title= The Monetary System of China under the Qing Dynasty.|date=28 September 2018|accessdate=29 July 2019|author= [[Niv Horesh]]|publisher= [[Springer Nature|Springer Link]]|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="HoreshQing"/>

• <ref name="PrimalQing">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/chinesecoins.html#qing_dynasty_coins|title= Chinese coins – 中國錢幣 - Qing (Ch'ing) Dynasty (1644-1911)|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=30 June 2017|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="PrimalQing"/>

• <ref name="PrimaltrekKingOfQingDynastyCoins">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2013/01/08/the-king-of-qing-dynasty-coins/|title=The King of Qing Dynasty Coins.|date=8 January 2013|accessdate=8 January 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="PrimaltrekKingOfQingDynastyCoins"/>

• <ref name="CambridgeInflation">{{cite web|url= https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/bulletin-of-the-school-of-oriental-and-african-studies/article/hsienfeng-inflation/54A8F1ADDC871CC18F4DCFA828730DEB|title= The Hsien-Fêng Inflation (Published online by Cambridge University Press: 24 December 2009).|date=October 1958|accessdate=28 July 2019|author= Jerome Ch'ên|publisher= [[SOAS University of London]]|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="CambridgeInflation"/>

• <ref name="Brill2015">[https://www.academia.edu/28400259/_Silver_Copper_Rice_and_Debt_Monetary_Policy_and_Office_Selling_in_China_during_the_Taiping_Rebellion_in_Money_in_Asia_1200_1900_Small_Currencies_in_Social_and_Political_Contexts_ed._by_Jane_Kate_Leonard_and_Ulrich_Theobald_Leiden_Brill_2015_343-395 “Silver, Copper, Rice, and Debt: Monetary Policy and Office Selling in China during the Taiping Rebellion,” in Money in Asia (1200–1900): Small Currencies in Social and Political Contexts, ed.] by Jane Kate Leonard and Ulrich Theobald, [[Leiden]]: Brill, 2015, 343-395.</ref>
  • <ref name="Brill2015"/>

• <ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsDebinMa">{{cite web|url= http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/41940/1/WP159.pdf|title= Money and Monetary System in China in the 19th-20th Century: An Overview. (Working Papers No. 159/12)|date=January 2012|accessdate=26 January 2020|author= Debin Ma|publisher= Department of Economic History, [[London School of Economics]]|language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsDebinMa"/>

• <ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsXunYan">{{cite web|url= http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3307/1/Yan_In_Search_of_Power.pdf|title= In Search of Power and Credibility - Essays on Chinese Monetary History (1851-1845).|date=March 2015|accessdate=8 February 2020|author= Xun Yan|publisher= Department of Economic History, [[London School of Economics|London School of Economics and Political Science]]||language=en}}</ref>
  • <ref name="LondonSchoolOfEconomicsXunYan"/>

Primaltrek sources (Main list - Phase 1)

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Cao-Zhi-and-Cao-Pi-Charm">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2011/05/28/eight-decalitres-of-talent-charm/|title= “Eight Decalitres of Talent” Charm.|date=28 May 2011|accessdate=28 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970195497  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 21:06, 29 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Happiness-according-to-your-wishes-charm">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2013/01/04/happiness-according-to-your-wishes-charm/|title= “Happiness According to Your Wishes” Charm.|date=4 January 2013|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:19, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Fu-Lu-Shou-Xi">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2011/08/07/good-fortune-salary-longevity-and-happiness/|title= Good Fortune, Salary, Longevity and Happiness.|date=7 August 2011|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:19, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Palindrome-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2011/09/20/chinese-palindrome-charm/|title= Chinese Palindrome Charm.|date=20 September 2011|accessdate=12 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:19, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Ming-Dynasty-Cloisonne-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2014/11/23/ming-dynasty-cloisonne-charm/|title= Ming Dynasty Cloisonne Charm.|date=23 November 2014|accessdate=13 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:19, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Tiger-Hour-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2012/05/22/tiger-hour-charm/|title= Tiger Hour Charm.|date=22 May 2012|accessdate=13 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:19, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

Primaltrek sources (Main list - Phase 2)

• <ref name="Primaltrek-House-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/house.html|title= The Chinese House, Good Fortune and Harmony with Nature.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=15 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Unknown-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/unknown.html|title= Unknown Charms.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=15 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Ancient-Peace-Coins-and-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/peace.html|title= Ancient Peace Coins and Charms - 天下太平.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=15 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Spade-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/spade.html|title= Chinese Spade Charms - 布幣.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=15 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Five-Poisons">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/fivepoisons.html|title= The Five Poisons - 五毒 - The Fifth Day of the Fifth Month.|date= 16 November 2016|accessdate= 15 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language= en|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180509051546/http://primaltrek.com/fivepoisons.html|archive-date= 9 May 2018|url-status= live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/the-legendary-chinese-poison-made-by-forcing-snakes-scorpions-and-centipedes-to-fight|title= The Legendary Chinese Poison Made by Forcing Snakes, Scorpions, and Centipedes to Fight. "Gu" was a mythological substance born from fear, with a dramatic backstory.|date= 11 November 2016|accessdate= 18 June 2018|work= Lauren Young (Atlas Obscura)|language= en|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180618203816/https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/the-legendary-chinese-poison-made-by-forcing-snakes-scorpions-and-centipedes-to-fight|archive-date= 18 June 2018|url-status= live}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Qian-Wen-Qian">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/coinlegend.html|title= Chinese Charms with Coin Inscriptions – 錢文錢。|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=16 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-The-Book-Of-Changes-And-Bagua-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/bagua.html|title= The Book of Changes and Bagua Charms - 易經 - The Book of Changes (I Ching, Yijing).|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=16 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Eight-Treasures-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/eighttreasures.html |title= The Eight Treasures - 八寶.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=17 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Gourd-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/gourd.html|title= Ancient Chinese Gourd Charms - 葫蘆 - Gourds in Ancient China.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=18 April 2018|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Ancient-Peach-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/peach.html|title= Ancient Chinese Peach Charms - 桃形 - Introduction to Peach Charms.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=20 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Ancient-Chinese-Lock-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/locks.html|title= Ancient Chinese Chinese Lock Charms - 鎖片 - Introduction to Lock Charms.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=20 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Liu-Hai-and-the-Three-Legged-Toad">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/liuhai.html|title= Liu Hai and the Three-Legged Toad - 劉海戲蟾.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=24 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Ancient-Chinese-Pendant-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/loopcharms.html|title= Ancient Chinese Pendant Charms - 挂牌.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=25 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Auspicious-Inscriptions-on-Ancient-Chinese-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/auspicious.html|title= Charms with Auspicious Inscriptions -- Good Fortune, Wealth, Longevity, Honor, Sons and Official Rank.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=25 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Ancient-Chinese-Treasure-Bowl-Charm">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2011/12/01/chinese-treasure-bowl-charm/|title= Chinese Treasure Bowl Charm.|date=1 December 2011|accessdate=26 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Ancient-Chinese-Nine-Fold-Seal-Script-Charm">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2013/12/30/nine-fold-seal-script-charm/|title= Nine-Fold Seal Script Charm.|date=30 December 2013|accessdate=26 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Vault-Protector-Coins">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2015/06/10/vault-protector-coins/|title= Vault Protector Coins.|date=10 June 2015|accessdate=26 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-">{{cite web|url= |title= .|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=15 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970368836 & https://en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Donald_Trung/List_of_Chinese_numismatic_charms_by_inscription&action=history  All done, well, except for the main list.... --Donald Trung (talk) 22:21, 30 July 2020 (UTC) .

Primaltrek sources (Confucian)

|- | Zhilan Yushu<ref name="Primaltrek-A-Talented-and-Noble-Young-Man">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2016/11/11/a-talented-and-noble-young-man/|title= A Talented and Noble Young Man.|date=11 November 2016|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> || 芝蘭玉樹 || 芝兰玉树 || "Irises, orchids and a tree of jade." || A talented young man of noble character.<br>Zhilan (芝蘭) literally translates into the [[English language]] as "irises and orchids", but the phrase has the implied (or hidden) meaning of being of "noble character".<br>Yushu (玉樹) literally translates into the English language as a "[[Jade tree|tree made of jade]]", but the phrase is commonly used in Mandarin Chinese to describe either a handsome or talented young gentleman. The term "Jade tree" furthermore has the implied meaning of what is called a "scholar tree", which is a laudatory title for male children. || |- | Guizi Lansun<ref name="Primaltrek-Cassia-and-Orchid-Charm">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2011/10/24/cassia-and-orchid-charm/|title= “Cassia and Orchid” Charm.|date=24 October 2011|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> || 桂子蘭孫 || 桂子兰孙 || "Cassia seeds and orchid grandsons." || Honourable sons and noble grandsons || |- | Ronghua Fugui<ref name="Primaltrek-Cassia-and-Orchid-Charm"/> || 榮華富貴 || 荣华富贵 || "Glory, wealth, and rank."<br>"High position and great wealth." || An auspicious inscription. || |- | Liansheng Guizi<ref name="Primaltrek-Many-Sons-China-Guardian">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2015/09/28/may-there-be-the-birth-of-one-honorable-son-after-another/|title= May There Be the Birth of One Honorable Son after Another.|date=28 September 2015|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> || 連生貴子 || 连生贵子 || "May there be the birth of one honorable son after another." || A wish for the Confucian ideal of having many sons. In Confucian society sons were highly desired because ale offspring carried on the family line and they were tasked with performing the ancestor worship rituals. || |- | Tengwen Qifeng<ref name="Primaltrek-Dragon-Soaring-and-Phoenix-Dancing-Charm">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2015/08/07/dragon-soaring-and-phoenix-dancing-charm/|title= “Dragon Soaring and Phoenix Dancing” Charm.|date=7 August 2015|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> || 騰蛟起鳳 || 腾蛟起凤 || "A dragon soaring and a fenghua dancing." || A phrase found in this excerpt from [[Wang Bo]]'s poem: "On this official holiday, which falls on every tenth day, good friends gather together, and a galaxy of distinguished guests from distant places fill the hall. {{Yellow|Also present at the gathering, are Master Meng, whose literary grace is as imposing as a dragon soaring and a phoenix dancing, and the General Wang, who has weapons as sharp as the famous swords “Purple Lightning” and “Blue Frost” in his armory.}} I, as an immature young man, have the good fortune to take part in this grand banquet on my journey to visit my father, who is a magistrate of a county" (十旬休假, 勝友如雲; 千里逢迎,高朋滿座。 {{Yellow|騰蛟起鳳 , 孟學士之詞宗; 紫電青霜, 王將軍之武庫。}} 家君作宰, 路出名區; 童子何知,躬逢勝餞).<br>The expression used in this context refers to a person having either an exceptional literary or an exceptional artistic talent. || |- | Zidian Qingshuang<ref name="Primaltrek-Dragon-Soaring-and-Phoenix-Dancing-Charm"/> || 紫電青霜 || 紫电青霜 || "Purple Lightning and Blue Frost." || A phrase found in in an excerpt of Wang Bo's poem, In this poem the swords in General Wang's arsenal are compared to "Purple Lightning and Blue Frost", which were swords of [[Sun Quan]]. || |- | Qinse Youzhi<ref name="Primaltrek-Zithers-and-Grasshoppers-charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2011/09/07/zithers-and-grasshoppers/|title= Zithers and Grasshoppers.|date=7 September 2011|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> || 琴瑟友之 || 琴瑟友之 || "With the ''[[Guqin|qin]]'' and the ''[[Se (instrument)|se]]'' be friendly to her."<br>"The ''qin'' and ''se'' [[zither]]s warm her heart." || The expression comes from a poem named "Cry of the Ospreys" (關雎), found in the ''[[Classic of Poetry]]''. The "Cry of the Ospreys" celebrates the giving of birth to many offspring. || |- | Zhongsi Yanqing<ref name="Primaltrek-Zithers-and-Grasshoppers-charms"/> || 螽斯衍慶 || 螽斯衍庆 || "May your children be as numerous as [[grasshopper]]s." || Grasshopper were viewed as a symbol of fertility and procreation im traditional Chinese society, especially among the traditional Confucianist families that tended to wish for numerous male offspring and grandsons that will further continue the ancestral (blood) lineage, and are tasked to carry out the religious duties ancestor worship. ||

• https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/965181145  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 21:24, 29 June 2020 (UTC) .

Source templates of Confucianism

• <ref name="Primaltrek-A-Talented-and-Noble-Young-Man">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2016/11/11/a-talented-and-noble-young-man/|title= A Talented and Noble Young Man.|date=11 November 2016|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/965181145  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 21:17, 29 June 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Cassia-and-Orchid-Charm">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2011/10/24/cassia-and-orchid-charm/|title= “Cassia and Orchid” Charm.|date=24 October 2011|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/965181145  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 21:17, 29 June 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Many-Sons-China-Guardian">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2015/09/28/may-there-be-the-birth-of-one-honorable-son-after-another/|title= May There Be the Birth of One Honorable Son after Another.|date=28 September 2015|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/965181145  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 21:17, 29 June 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Dragon-Soaring-and-Phoenix-Dancing-Charm">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2015/08/07/dragon-soaring-and-phoenix-dancing-charm/|title= “Dragon Soaring and Phoenix Dancing” Charm.|date=7 August 2015|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/965181145  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 21:17, 29 June 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Legacy-of-an-Untarnished-Reputation">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2015/06/23/legacy-of-an-untarnished-reputation/|title= Legacy of an Untarnished Reputation.|date=23 June 2015|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/965181145  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 21:17, 29 June 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Zithers-and-Grasshoppers-charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2011/09/07/zithers-and-grasshoppers/|title= Zithers and Grasshoppers.|date=7 September 2011|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/965181145  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 21:17, 29 June 2020 (UTC) .

Primaltrek sources (Daoism)

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Lu-Dongbin-Charm">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2015/10/07/lu-dongbin-charm/|title= Lu Dongbin Charm.|date=7 October 2015|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
  •  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 19:00, 29 June 2020 (UTC) .

• <ref name="Primaltrek-Royal-Lord-of-the-East-Xinuwang">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2011/05/02/royal-lord-of-the-east-and-the-queen-mother-of-the-west/|title= Royal Lord of the East and the Queen Mother of the West.|date=2 May 2011|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref>
  • https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/965161620  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 19:09, 29 June 2020 (UTC) .

Confucian High rank expansion

| Wuzi Dengke || 五子登科 || 五子登科 || || "May your five sons achieve great success in the imperial examinations." || |- | Xibao Sanyuan || 喜報三元 || 喜报三元 || || "Good news of a triple first in the imperial examinations." || |- | Lianzhong Sanyuan || 連中三元 || 连中三元 || || "To be first three times in a row (in the imperial examinations)." || |- Jiaguan Jinlu 嘉官進祿 嘉官进禄 May office and salary be bestowed upon you |- Dawei Gaosheng 大位高升 大位高升 May you be promoted to a high position Yipin Dangchao 一品當朝 一品当朝 (May you be) an official of the first degree at the imperial court Zhuangyuan Jidi 狀元及第 状元及第 (May you be) the first rank at the examination for the Hanlin Academy. Yushu Shenghua 玉署升華 玉署升华 The Hanlin Academy promotion is glorious | Duzhan Aotou || 獨佔鰲頭 || 独占鳌头 || || "To stand alone on the head of the ao (Occupying alone the sea-monster's head)." || |- 一 色杏花紅十裡壯元歸去馬如飛 一色杏花红十里壮元归去马如飞 yi se xing hua hong shi li zhuang yuan gui qu ma ru yi (A scholar who just achieved the honor of coming in first in the final Hanlin examination sees an expansive field of blossoming red apricot flowers which prompts him to make his horse gallop even faster on his way home). |- | Fuyu Xianlangdi Yizhi || 付與仙朗第 一枝 || 付与仙朗第一枝 || "To give to an immortal young gentleman the first branch."

Religious charms pre-adding space

• https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:MobileDiff/970195497  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 21:04, 29 July 2020 (UTC) .

=== Buddhist charms === {{Main|Buddhist coin charm}} {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 100%" !colspan=7| List of Buddhist coin charm inscriptions |- ! Transliteration !! [[Traditional Chinese]] !! [[Simplified Chinese]] !! Literal [[English language|English]] translation !! [[Chinese numismatic charm#Implied and hidden meanings of Chinese numismatic charms|Meaning]] !! Catalogue number(s) !! Image |- | A Mi Tuo Fo<br>Ci bei fang cun<ref name="Primaltrek-Buddhist-Numismatic-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/buddhist.html|title= Buddhist Charms - 佛教品壓勝錢 - Buddhism in China.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=26 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref> || 阿彌陀佛<br>慈悲方寸 || 阿弥陀佛<br>慈悲方寸 || "[[Amitābha Buddha]]"<br>"Compassionate heart" || Amitābha Buddha || || |- | A Mi Tuo Fo<br>Bo luo jie di<ref name="Primaltrek-Buddhist-Numismatic-Charms"/> || 阿彌陀佛<br>波羅揭諦 || 阿弥陀佛<br>波罗揭谛 || "Amitābha Buddha"<br>"Gone beyond" || Amitābha Buddha<br>A part of the ''[[Heart Sūtra]]'' {{Efn|The reverse inscription on these Buddhist coin charms reads ''bo luo jie di'' (波羅揭諦, ''bō luó jiē dì'') and is part of the mantra found at the very end of the Buddhist ''[[Heart Sūtra]]''. A Buddhist [[mantra]] consists of words that are meant to be spoken aloud by a follower of the religion.<ref name="Primaltrek-Buddhist-Numismatic-Charms"/> The Chinese is actually a transliterated a version of the [[Classical Tibetan|Tibetan]] pronunciation of this mantra on these old Yuan dynasty era temple coins because the Tibetan pronunciation is considered to more closely approximate the sound of the original [[Sanskrit language|Sanskrit]] mantra.<ref name="Primaltrek-Buddhist-Numismatic-Charms"/> The inscription is taken from this part of the mantra: 揭諦揭諦波羅揭諦, which is ''jie di jie di bo luo jie di'' in [[Mandarin Chinese]] and ''ga te ga te pa ra ga te'' in the original Sanskrit.<ref name="Primaltrek-Buddhist-Numismatic-Charms"/> The "pa ra ga te" (paragate) translates into the [[English language]] as "gone beyond", which in this religious context means in the progressive path to the perfection of spiritual wisdom and the attainment of spiritual enlightenment, it is necessary for one in order to attain this to have "gone beyond".<ref name="Primaltrek-Buddhist-Numismatic-Charms"/>}} || || |- | Nan Wu A Mi Tuo Fo<ref name="Primaltrek-Buddhist-Numismatic-Charms"/> || 南無阿彌陀佛 || 南无阿弥陀佛 || "To trust in the Amitābha Buddha" || To trust in the Amitābha Buddha{{Efn|The first two [[Hanzi]] characters "南無" (nan wu) of this Buddhist coin charm are in actuality a transliteration of the Sanskrit word ''namah'' which translates into the English language as "to trust in".<ref name="Primaltrek-Buddhist-Numismatic-Charms"/> When these two Chinese characters are used in this manner and in this specific context the Mandarin Chinese pronunciation should actually be ''na mo'' rather than ''nan wu''.<ref name="Primaltrek-Buddhist-Numismatic-Charms"/> Making the full "南無阿彌陀佛" inscription into ''nā mó ē mí tuó fó''.}} || || |- | [[Hongwu Tongbao]]<ref name="Primaltrek-Buddhist-Numismatic-Charms"/> || 洪武通寶 || 洪武通宝 || "[[Hongwu Emperor|Hongwu]] valid currency" || [[Buddhist coin charm#Hongwu Tongbao charms|See above]] || || [[File:Hung Wu T'ung Pao charm - John Ferguson 01.jpg|75px]] |- | Qie kong zang qi<ref name="Primaltrek-Buddhist-Numismatic-Charms"/> || 且空藏棄 || 且空藏弃 || "[[Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva]]" || Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva{{Efn|"Qie kong zang qi" in this context refers to the [[Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva]] known in [[Japan]] as Kokūzō Bosatsu (且空藏棄).<ref name="Primaltrek-Buddhist-Numismatic-Charms"/> In China, the Ākāśagarbha Bodhisattva (Buddha) is known by the name of "Xu kong zang fo" (虚空藏佛).<ref name="Primaltrek-Buddhist-Numismatic-Charms"/>}} || || |- | Cibei Fangcun<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 慈悲方寸 || 慈悲方寸 || "Compassionate heart." || A reference to the Heart Sutra || || |- | Tongxin Heyi<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 同心合意 || 同心合意 || "Of one mind." || [[Inner peace]]. || || |- | Shende Xin'an<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 身德心安 || 身德心安 || "A virtuous character and peaceful mind." || Inner peace. || || |- | Xin'an Shenjian || 心安身健 || 心安身健 || "Peaceful mind and healthy body." || Inner peace and good health. || || |} === Confucian charms === {{Main|Confucian coin charm}} {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 100%" !colspan=7| List of Confucian coin charm inscriptions |- ! Transliteration !! [[Traditional Chinese]] !! [[Simplified Chinese]] !! Literal [[English language|English]] translation !! [[Chinese numismatic charm#Implied and hidden meanings of Chinese numismatic charms|Meaning]] !! Catalogue number(s) !! Image |- | Bu tan wei bao<ref name="Primaltrek-Not-Being-Greedy-Is-A-Treasure">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2015/01/06/not-being-greedy-is-a-treasure/|title= Not Being Greedy Is a Treasure.|date=6 January 2015|accessdate=23 February 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> || 不貪為寶 || 不贪为宝 || "Not being greedy is a treasure" || A reference to a story from the ''[[Zuo zhuan|Commentary of Zuo]]''. || || |- | Fu ci zi xiao<ref name="Primaltrek-Confucian-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/confucian.html#jing_xiong_ai_di|title= Confucian Charms - Introduction to Confucius and Confucianism.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=26 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref> || 父慈子孝 || 父慈子孝 || "the father is kind and the son is filial." || [[Filial piety]] || || |- | Hua e shuang hui<ref name="Primaltrek-Confucian-Charms"/> || 花萼雙輝 || 花萼双辉 || "Petals and sepals both shine." || Hua (花) refers to the colorful petals of a flower.<br>E (萼) are the sepals (or ''calyx''), which are the small green leaf-like parts of a flower located just below the petals.{{Efn|When the flower is in the bud (or its "early") stage it is the sepals which surround and protect it. In this context "E" (萼) can also refer to a younger brother who helps the elder brother just as the sepals or calyx helps the flower. The extended meaning of these Confucian coin charms is that in the Confucian view of the world, or in Confucian philosophy, a younger brother (or ''E'') acting in his proper filial role shares in the glory of his elder brother, this is a type of Confucian filial piety.}} || || |- | Zhilan Yushu<ref name="Primaltrek-A-Talented-and-Noble-Young-Man">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2016/11/11/a-talented-and-noble-young-man/|title= A Talented and Noble Young Man.|date=11 November 2016|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> || 芝蘭玉樹 || 芝兰玉树 || "Irises, orchids and a tree of jade." || A talented young man of noble character.<br>Zhilan (芝蘭) literally translates into the [[English language]] as "irises and orchids", but the phrase has the implied (or hidden) meaning of being of "noble character".<br>Yushu (玉樹) literally translates into the English language as a "[[Jade tree|tree made of jade]]", but the phrase is commonly used in Mandarin Chinese to describe either a handsome or talented young gentleman. The term "Jade tree" furthermore has the implied meaning of what is called a "scholar tree", which is a laudatory title for male children. || || |- | Guizi Lansun<ref name="Primaltrek-Cassia-and-Orchid-Charm">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2011/10/24/cassia-and-orchid-charm/|title= “Cassia and Orchid” Charm.|date=24 October 2011|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> || 桂子蘭孫 || 桂子兰孙 || "Cassia seeds and orchid grandsons." || Honourable sons and noble grandsons || || |- | Ronghua Fugui<ref name="Primaltrek-Cassia-and-Orchid-Charm"/> || 榮華富貴 || 荣华富贵 || "Glory, wealth, and rank."<br>"High position and great wealth." || An auspicious inscription. || || |- | Zaosheng Guizi<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 早生貴子 || 早生贵子 || "May you soon give birth to an honourable son." || A wish for the Confucian ideal of having many sons. In Confucian society sons were highly desired because ale offspring carried on the family line and they were tasked with performing the ancestor worship rituals. || || |- | Liansheng Guizi<ref name="Primaltrek-Many-Sons-China-Guardian">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2015/09/28/may-there-be-the-birth-of-one-honorable-son-after-another/|title= May There Be the Birth of One Honorable Son after Another.|date=28 September 2015|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> || 連生貴子 || 连生贵子 || "May there be the birth of one honourable son after another." || A wish for the Confucian ideal of having many sons. In Confucian society sons were highly desired because ale offspring carried on the family line and they were tasked with performing the ancestor worship rituals. || || |- | Tengwen Qifeng<ref name="Primaltrek-Dragon-Soaring-and-Phoenix-Dancing-Charm">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2015/08/07/dragon-soaring-and-phoenix-dancing-charm/|title= “Dragon Soaring and Phoenix Dancing” Charm.|date=7 August 2015|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> || 騰蛟起鳳 || 腾蛟起凤 || "A dragon soaring and a fenghua dancing." || A phrase found in this excerpt from one of [[Wang Bo (poet)|Wang Bo's]] poems: "On this official holiday, which falls on every tenth day, good friends gather together, and a galaxy of distinguished guests from distant places fill the hall. {{Orange|Also present at the gathering, are Master Meng, whose literary grace is as imposing as a dragon soaring and a phoenix dancing, and the General Wang, who has weapons as sharp as the famous swords “Purple Lightning” and “Blue Frost” in his armory.}} I, as an immature and young man, have the good fortune to take part in this grand banquet on my journey to visit my father, who is a magistrate of a county." (十旬休假, 勝友如雲; 千里逢迎,高朋滿座。 {{Orange|騰蛟起鳳, 孟學士之詞宗; 紫電青霜, 王將軍之武庫。}} 家君作宰, 路出名區; 童子何知, 躬逢勝餞).<br>The expression used in this context refers to a person having either an exceptional literary or an exceptional artistic talent. || || |- | Zidian Qingshuang<ref name="Primaltrek-Dragon-Soaring-and-Phoenix-Dancing-Charm"/> || 紫電青霜 || 紫电青霜 || "Purple Lightning and Blue Frost." || A phrase found in an excerpt of Wang Bo's poem, In this poem the swords in General Wang's arsenal are compared to "Purple Lightning and Blue Frost", which were swords of [[Sun Quan]]. || || |- | Qinse Youzhi<ref name="Primaltrek-Zithers-and-Grasshoppers-charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2011/09/07/zithers-and-grasshoppers/|title= Zithers and Grasshoppers.|date=7 September 2011|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> || 琴瑟友之 || 琴瑟友之 || "With the ''[[Guqin|qin]]'' and the ''[[Se (instrument)|se]]'' be friendly to her."<br>"The ''qin'' and ''se'' [[zither]]s warm her heart." || The expression comes from a poem named "Cry of the Ospreys" (關雎), found in the ''[[Classic of Poetry]]''. The "Cry of the Ospreys" celebrates the giving of birth to many offspring. || || |- | Zhongsi Yanqing<ref name="Primaltrek-Zithers-and-Grasshoppers-charms"/> || 螽斯衍慶 || 螽斯衍庆 || "May your children be as numerous as [[grasshopper]]s." || Grasshopper were viewed as a symbol of fertility and procreation im traditional Chinese society, especially among the traditional Confucianist families that tended to wish for numerous male offspring and grandsons that will further continue the ancestral (blood) lineage, and are tasked to carry out the religious duties ancestor worship. || || |- | Yi chu fei fu<br>Boo ciowan<ref name="Primaltrek-Confucian-Charms"/> || 義出肺腑<br>{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠴᡳᠣᠸᠠᠨ}} || 义出肺腑<br>{{ManchuSibeUnicode|ᠪᠣᠣ<br>ᠴᡳᠣᠸᠠᠨ}} || "Righteousness comes from the bottom of one's heart."<br>"Ministry of Revenue Mint" || The Confucian concept of "righteousness" (義).<br>[[Ministry of Revenue (imperial China)|The Ministry of Revenue]] || || |- | Jing xiong ai di<ref name="Primaltrek-Confucian-Charms"/> || 敬兄愛第 || 敬兄爱第 || "Revere older brothers and love younger brothers." || Filial piety || || |- | Qing bai chuan jia<ref name="Primaltrek-Legacy-Of-An-Untarnished-Reputation">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2015/06/23/legacy-of-an-untarnished-reputation/|title= Legacy of an Untarnished Reputation.|date=23 June 2015|accessdate=23 February 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> || 清白傳家 || 清白传家 || "Pureness handed down in the family" || A reference to [[Yang Zhen (Han dynasty)|Yang Zhen]] (样震), a [[Han dynasty]] government official and the prefecture governour of [[Jingzhou (ancient China)|Jingzhou]] who was known for both his erudition and his impeccable moral character. || || |- | Qilin Songzi<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 麒麟送子 || 麒麟送子 || "The qilin (Chinese unicorn) delivers sons." || A wish for more male offspring. || || |- | Junfu Zichen<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 君父子臣 || 君父子臣 || "Prince, father, son, minister." || This inscription refers to "The [[Analects]]" (論語) by Confucius. This this phrase Confucius writes about the "rectification of names" and notes that a "good government" is a state of governance when "the Prince is the Prince", "the Minister is the Minister", "the father is the father", and "the son is the son" where everyone has a role to fulfil. || || |- | Tianxian Songzi<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 天仙送子 || 天仙送子 || "Celestial beings (who have attained to purity) deliver sons." || A wish for more male offspring. || || |- | Yong'an Wunan<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 永安五男 || 永安五男 || "Perpetual peace to five sons." || A peaceful existence of one's five male offspring. || || |- | Wunan Ernu<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 五男二女 || 五男二女 || "Five sons and two daughters." || The Confucian ideal number and sexes of offspring. || || |- | Baizi Qiansun<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 百子千孫 || 百子千孙 || "A hundred sons and a thousand grandsons." || A wish for male offspring. || || |- | Qianzi Wansun<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 千子萬孫 || 千子万孙 || "A thousand sons and ten thousand grandsons." || A wish for male offspring. || || |- | Qicai Zilu<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 妻財子祿 || 妻财子禄 || "Wife, wealth, sons, and emolument." || A wish for male offspring. || || |- | Zisun Wandai<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 子孫萬代 || 子孙万代 || "Sons and grandsons 10,000 generations." || A wish for male offspring. || || |- | Duozi Duosun<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 多子多孫 || 多子多孙 || "Many sons and many grandsons." || A wish for male offspring. || || |} === Daoist charms === {{Main|Taoist coin charm}} {|class="wikitable" style="font-size: 100%" !colspan=7| List of Taoist coin charm inscriptions<br><small>(except for [[Lei Ting curse charm]]s)</small> |- ! Transliteration !! [[Traditional Chinese]] !! [[Simplified Chinese]] !! Literal [[English language|English]] translation !! [[Chinese numismatic charm#Implied and hidden meanings of Chinese numismatic charms|Meaning]] !! Catalogue number(s) !! Image |- | Chun feng tao li<ref name="Primaltrek-Daoist-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/daoist.html|title= Daoist (Taoist) Charms - 道教品壓生錢 - Introduction and History of Daoist Charms.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=27 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref><ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 春風桃李 || 春风桃李 || "Peach trees and plum trees blossomed in the winds of spring"<br>"Gone were the breezy spring days when the peach and plum trees were in bloom" || An excerpt from a poem by [[Tang dynasty]] poet [[Bai Juyi]]. || || |- | Fu shou yan chang<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 福壽延長 || 福寿延长 || "Good fortune and longevity for a long time" || Good fortune and longevity for a long time. || || |- | Fu you da di<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 孚佑大帝 || 孚佑大帝 || "Great Emperor of Trustworthy Protection" || Auspicious inscription. || || |- | Fu yu xian lang di yi zhi<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 付與仙朗第 一枝 || 付与仙朗第一枝 || "To give to an immortal young gentleman the first branch" || Auspicious inscription. || || |- | Han shan bi you<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 寒山庇佑 || 寒山庇佑 || "Hanshan protect"<br>"Hanshan bless" || Protection by [[Hanshan (poet)|Hanshan]]. || || |- | Baixian Changshou<ref name="Primaltrek-Unknown-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/unknown.html|title= Unknown Charms.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=15 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref> || 百仙長壽 || 百仙长寿 || "Hundred immortals" or "hundred fairies."<br>"long life" or "longevity." || Unknown. || || |- | Jiang fu bi xie<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 降福避邪 || 降福避邪 || "Send down good fortune and keep away evil" || Auspicious inscription. || || |- | Changsheng Baomimg<ref name="Primaltrek-Royal-Lord-of-the-East-Xinuwang">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2011/05/02/royal-lord-of-the-east-and-the-queen-mother-of-the-west/|title= Royal Lord of the East and the Queen Mother of the West.|date=2 May 2011|accessdate=29 June 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> || 長生保命 || 长生保命 || "Long life and protect life." || A request for longevity. || || [[File:Chang Sheng Bao Ming (長生保命) - Royal Lord of the East and the Queen Mother of the West amulet - Primaltrek - Obverse & Reverse.jpg|75px]] |- | Ba gua liu yao<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 八卦六爻 || 八卦六爻 || "The eight trigrams and the six stacked lines (which make up a hexagram)" || Daoist imagery. || || |- | Qu xie jiang fu<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 驅邪降福 || 驱邪降福 || "Expel evil and send down good fortune (happiness)" || Protection from evil spirits. || || |- | San xian<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 三仙 || 三仙 || "Three Immortals" || [[Sanxing (deities)|Sanxing]]. || || |- | Shui lu ping an<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 水魯平安 || 水魯平安 || "May you have peace by land and water" || A wish for a safe journey. || || |- | Yuan tian shang di<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 元天上帝 || 元天上帝 || "Supreme Lord of the Primal Heaven" || Alternative name of Laozi. || || |- | Zhang guo lao xian<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 張果老仙 || 张果老仙 || "The Immortal Zhang Guolao" || [[Zhang Guolao]]. || || |- | Zhu shen hui bi<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions"/> || 諸神回避 || 诸神回避 || "Evade all the spirits" || Protection from evil spirits. || || |- | Fuyou Dadi<ref name="Primaltrek-Quest-For-Longevity-Charms">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/blog/2015/10/07/lu-dongbin-charm/|title= Lu Dongbin Charm.|date=7 October 2016|accessdate=26 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)}}</ref> || 孚佑大帝 || 孚佑大帝 || "Great Emperor of Trustworthy Protection." || [[Lu Dongbin]] || || |}

John Furgeson's Sportstune.com charms (Phase 3)

• User:Donald Trung/List of Chinese numismatic charms by inscription/John Furgeson's Sportstune.com charms.
  •  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 20:16, 19 August 2020 (UTC) .

David Hartill's estimate of the number of different Chinese numismatic charm variants

• User:Donald Trung/David Hartill's estimate of the number of different Chinese numismatic charm variants.
  •  Done. --Donald Trung (talk) 19:52, 22 August 2020 (UTC) .

TransAsiart Amulets (Phase 4)

• User:Donald Trung/TransAsiart Chinese and Vietnamese amulet expansions.

Vladimir Belyaev's (Cyrillic script: Влади́мир Беля́ев) Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru) website - Charms and Fantasies (Phase 5)

• User:Donald Trung/List of Chinese numismatic charms by inscription/Vladimir Belyaev's (Cyrillic script: Влади́мир Беля́ев) Chinese Coinage Web Site (Charm.ru) charms and fantasies.

To add to the "Chinese numismatic charm" Wikipedia article

== Inscriptions == {{Main|List of Chinese numismatic charms by inscription}} Chinese numismatic charms have a wide variety of inscriptions, including auspicious inscriptions, inscriptions related to the [[imperial examination]] system, the various religions in Chinese society as well as the Gods, immortals, [[Bodhisattva]]s, spirits, and people associated with them, wealth, business success, [[Marriage coin charm|marriage, sex life, having children]], [[Lock charm|surviving childhood]], [[Horse coin|famous and notable horses in Chinese history]], [[Lei Ting curse charm|protection from evil spirits and demons]], [[Vault protector coin|to protect the wealth of money vaults]], as well as [[Chinese burial money|death and the afterlife]].<ref name="Primaltrek-Chinese-Charm-Inscriptions">{{cite web|url= http://primaltrek.com/inscriptions.html|title= Chinese Charm Inscriptions.|date=16 November 2016|accessdate=4 July 2020|work= Gary Ashkenazy / גארי אשכנזי (Primaltrek – a journey through Chinese culture)|language=en}}</ref> Chinese numismatic charm inscriptions also appear on the inscriptions of some [[Japanese numismatic charm|Japanese]], [[Indonesian numismatic charm|Indonesian]], [[Korean numismatic charm|Korean]], and [[Vietnamese numismatic charm]]s, as well as in [[Cash coins in art|other forms of art]], such as the inscription [[Changming Fugui]] (長命富貴) appearing on a [[Chinese porcelain|porcelain]] plate.<ref name="Chinese-Money-Matters-Ceramics">{{cite web|url= https://chinesemoneymatters.wordpress.com/2020/03/29/75-chinese-coins-and-reign-base-marks-on-ceramics/|title= 75. Chinese coins and reign/base marks on ceramics.|date=29 March 2020|accessdate=4 July 2020|author= Dr. [[Helen Wang]]|publisher= Chinese Money Matters (The [[British Museum]]).|language=en}}</ref>

Spin-off projects

• User:Donald Trung/Taipei 101 cash coins in art.  Done.

David Hartill's latest book on this

• https://www.amazon.com/gp/aw/d/1800316623/ref=dbs_a_w_dp_1800316623

Can't believe that he finished his work before I finished here, will order this book in the future and might use it to improve some of this article, likely will just continue working on this article as-is and then expand using this book in the distant future. --Donald Trung (talk) 05:16, 21 August 2020 (UTC)

Tianxia Taiping coins (天下太平錢)

• User:Donald Trung/Tianxia Taiping coins (天下太平錢).

Changming Fugui (長命富貴)

• User:Donald Trung/Changming Fugui (長命富貴).

Final amulet article I'm planning on ever writing. As I'm exhausting the sources and this is the most commonly used Chinese and Vietnamese amulet inscription. After this article is launched I'm likely "completely done with Chinese amulets" and can "move onto" different subjects.

Redirects

• #REDIRECT [[List of Chinese numismatic charms by inscription]]

1. List of Chinese numismatic charms.
2. Chinese numismatic charms by inscription.
3. List of Chinese numismatic charms by legend.
4. Chinese numismatic charms by legend.
5. List of Chinese numismatic charms.
6. List of Chinese amulets by inscription.
7. List of Chinese amulets.
8. Chinese amulets by inscription.
9. List of Chinese amulets by legend.
10. Chinese amulets by legend.

Cast Chinese Amulets

In case all other cash coin and Chinese numismatic charms works are done re-organise it as:

• User:Donald Trung/Cast Chinese Amulets.