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From Witchford[edit]

The site of the former RAF Witchford to the east of the village has substantial archaeological value. For instance elements of prehistory have been indicated by the investigations of Holmes and Simmonds [1] who noted neolithic flint industry in the north east of the site, they also noted Iron Age features in roundhouses and ditches on site. Further recording Roman ditches and wheel thrown pottery (matching claims by Walker[2] that this may be camp Ibid on the nearby Akeham Street).

The wider village of Witchford is further seen in an archaeological sense by Phillips [3] who notes that it's standing building in the St Andrews church dates from the 13th century and even had a Norman predecessor and further shows post medieval activity in the standing building of the 17th century Ivy House and post medieval gullies under Manor Road. Finally Phillips [4] notes Witchford has medieval roots being entered in the Domesday Book as 'Wiceford'.

Furthermore Holmes and Simmonds [5] note later archaeology in medieval farming at the former RAF Witchford (seen in the ridge and furrow marks coupled with medieval metals), 17th century housing materials and finally WWII piping, used to supply RAF Witchford with water from Ely During the Second World War.

The archaeology of the Second World WarRAF Witchford operated by Bomber Command is also indicated by largely circumstantial evidence, such as that of Holmes [6] who notes widespread soil shifting to level the land in his magnetometer surveys and Phillips [7] who records the brick debris left as the site gradually returned to agriculture throughout the 1960s.

However Finch [8] poses the sole archaeological report to look directly into the site in terms of its function as RAF Witchford, recording predominantly airfield structures. For instance surface collection on farmland on the former airfield revealed a cluster of three nissen huts (two fusing point buildings and one general purpose hut)around a road; which correspond to the original airfield plans as buildings 155 (a 72ft x 24ft ultra-heavy fusing point building), 123 (a 150ft x 30ft standard general purpose hut) and 154 (a 132ft x 30ft heavy light fusing point building). Furthermore this surface collection also indicated architecture, with heavy brick scatter at each building's end indicating brick façades, engravings of 'Phopres' indicating material sourced from The London Brick Company and windows, porches and chimneys also implied by the archaeological record. Plus the plate ceramics and bottle glass found on the surface describe meals that may have occurred nearby. Meanwhile Finch [9] also shows in test pitting the local Greys of Ely Bus Depot that a nissen hut from RAF Witchford could be seen far into the village in a domestic sense (hinted by brick foundations, metal work and rust), with plates showing meals and blackened soil and charcoal (coupled with a boiler door found nearby [10]) showing furnaces for boiler usage. Finally Finch [11] also carried out a standing building report on the nearby WAAF offices north of the Witchford bypass, confirming the reports of locals [12] that the building fell into use as housing and then a garage after the war, but also describing it as a fairly typical (if slightly improvised) orlit hut.

From RAF Witchford[edit]

The archaeology of the Second World WarRAF Witchford operated by Bomber Command is also indicated by largely circumstantial evidence, such as that of Holmes [13] who notes widespread soil shifting to level the land in his magnetometer surveys and Phillips [14] who records the brick debris left as the site gradually returned to agriculture throughout the 1960s.

However Finch [15] poses the sole archaeological report to look directly into the site in terms of its function as RAF Witchford, recording predominantly airfield structures. For instance surface collection on farmland on the former airfield revealed a cluster of three nissen huts (two fusing point buildings and one general purpose hut)around a road; which correspond to the original airfield plans as buildings 155 (a 72ft x 24ft ultra-heavy fusing point building), 123 (a 150ft x 30ft standard general purpose hut) and 154 (a 132ft x 30ft heavy light fusing point building). Furthermore this surface collection also indicated architecture, with heavy brick scatter at each building's end indicating brick façades, engravings of 'Phopres' indicating material sourced from The London Brick Company and windows, porches and chimneys also implied by the archaeological record. Plus the plate ceramics and bottle glass found on the surface describe meals that may have occurred nearby. Meanwhile Finch [16] also shows in test pitting the local Greys of Ely Bus Depot that a nissen hut from RAF Witchford could be seen far into the village in a domestic sense (hinted by brick foundations, metal work and rust), with plates showing meals and blackened soil and charcoal (coupled with a boiler door found nearby [17]) showing furnaces for boiler usage. Finally Finch [18] also carried out a standing building report on the nearby WAAF offices north of the Witchford bypass, confirming the reports of locals [19] that the building fell into use as housing and then a garage after the war, but also describing it as a fairly typical (if slightly improvised) orlit hut.

From Haddenham, Cambridgeshire[edit]

The earliest period of Haddenham's history is shown by archaeological reports by Grassam [20] to be the Bronze Age, he notes he presence at the village in Bronze Age barrows; similarly continuity is shown into the Iron Age by White's [21] archaeological reports,with Iron Age features like ditches and possible roundhouses noted. The most notable piece of Haddenham's history is noted by Bray and Robinson [22] who described the discovery of Anglo Saxon burials at the local Three Kings pub, this coupled wth historical records of a Saxon ecclesiatical manor suggest Haddeenham was a settlement in Saxon times. Also Whittaker's [23] archaeological reports record 18th century pits in Haddenham; the most recent historical significance for Haddenham being it's Bombing Decoy. This decoy was recorded as A K (day) and Q (night) type decoy [24] to divert bombing away from Bomber Commands nearby airfields in the Second World War. This feature is shown by local reports [25] and Finch's [26] archaeological report indicating hutting on the former site to the North of Haddenham, clearence (seen in Finch's test pitting) and later domestic use (shown again by plate in Finch's test pitting).

References[edit]

  1. ^ Holmes and Simmonds, 2009, report 09/45 for Northamptonshire Archaeology
  2. ^ Walker, 1910
  3. ^ Phillips, 2012, report 1337
  4. ^ Phillips, 2012, report 1337
  5. ^ Holmes and Simmonds, 2009, report 09/45 for Northamptonshire Archaeology
  6. ^ Holmes, 2008, report for Northamptonshire Archaeology
  7. ^ Phillips, 1997, OAE report 1337
  8. ^ Finch, 2013, 'What information can field surveys discover about structures at WWII airfields and associated sites in Cambridgeshire?'
  9. ^ Finch, 2013, 'What information can field surveys discover about structures at WWII airfields and associated sites in Cambridgeshire?'
  10. ^ Andrew Finch, a former resident near the Greys of Ely site
  11. ^ Finch, 2013, 'What information can field surveys discover about structures at WWII airfields and associated sites in Cambridgeshire?'
  12. ^ Kevin Wallis, a local farmer and source of RAF Witchford
  13. ^ Holmes, 2008, report for Northamptonshire Archaeology
  14. ^ Phillips, 1997, OAE report 1337
  15. ^ Finch, 2013, 'What information can field surveys discover about structures at WWII airfields and associated sites in Cambridgeshire?'
  16. ^ Finch, 2013, 'What information can field surveys discover about structures at WWII airfields and associated sites in Cambridgeshire?'
  17. ^ Andrew Finch, a former resident near the Greys of Ely site
  18. ^ Finch, 2013, 'What information can field surveys discover about structures at WWII airfields and associated sites in Cambridgeshire?'
  19. ^ Kevin Wallis, a local farmer and source of RAF Witchford
  20. ^ Grassam, 2005, report 1809
  21. ^ White, 1997, ‘Flat Bridge Farm, Haddenham, Cambridgeshire, an archaeological evaluation’
  22. ^ Bray and Robinson, 1990, ‘Anglo Saxon Burials Haddenham’
  23. ^ Whittaker, 1998, report 261
  24. ^ Pastscape (2007) www.pastscape.org.uk, viewed on 1st December 2012, http://www.pastscape.org.uk/hob.aspx?hob_id=1464739#aSt
  25. ^ Alan Salmons, a local resident living by the site as a child at the time
  26. ^ Finch, 2013, 'What information can field surveys discover about structures at WWII airfields and associated sites in Cambridgeshire?'