User:-JP-/sandbox

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John Pennington
NationalityUnited Kingdom British
Born (1932-09-14) 14 September 1932 (age 91)
Debut season1950
Former teamsERA, Cooper, Vanwall, BRM, Ferrari, McLaren
Starts235
Wins25
Poles14
Fastest laps61
Formula One World Championship career
Active years1950–1970
TeamsERA, Cooper, Ferrari, Vanwall, BRM, McLaren
Entries243
Wins25
Career points243
Pole positions14
Fastest laps61
First entry1950 British Grand Prix
First win1953 German Grand Prix
Last win1969 Austrian Grand Prix
Last entry1970 Swiss Grand Prix
1970 position8th (243 pts)

Formula J is an alternate reality open-wheel racing series, simulated using Microprose GP2 that began in 1950 that diverges from Formula One in a number of ways. The biggest difference is that drivers do not pick up injuries or die while driving leading to very different championships and outcomes. For example, the 1955 Le Mans disaster does not occur in this timeline, meaning Mercedes remain in F1 and other manufacturers such as Honda, Porsche and Ford enjoy longer stays in the competition. Points are awarded to each classified finisher with 26 points for the winner down to one point for the 26th-placed finisher.

While some championships played out along similar lines to in reality (Juan Manuel Fangio took four title in the 1950s, for example), others didn't with the likes of Bruce McLaren (twice) and Wolfgang von Trips winning titles that they did not in reality. It also leads to more of an overlap between dominant drivers and closer battles as a result, with Alberto Ascari racing on until the 1960s and Jochen Rindt and Jim Clark spearheading Lotus' charge well into the 1970s. One other addition is the creation of the Pennington racing dynasty, a member of which has raced in every single Championship race.

1950s

Nino Farina (Alfa Romeo) opens with a win and goes on to claim the 1950 title before Fangio dominated the decade with four titles - two for Mercedes (1954, 1957) one for Maserati (1953) and one for Alfa Romeo (1951) - as the series expands. Luigi Villoresi triumphs for Ferrari in 1952 while Fangio was on course for another title in 1955 only for throttle failure in the final race to hand victory and the title to compatriot Jose Froilan Gonzales and Ferrari. Alberto Ascarfi salvages the 1956 title for Ferrari, who open the season with a 1-2-3-4-5 finish! John Pennington claims his first pole at Zandvoort 1952, his first win in 1953 and takes Vanwall's first win as a constructor in 1957. Mike Hawthorn wins for Ferrari in 1958 by seven points from Stirling Moss (Vanwall) and the final winner of the decade is Phil Hill (Ferrari) in 1959, who effectively inherits the title when team-mate Tony Brooks' transmission fails in the final race at Monza.

1960s

Bruce McLaren beats Cooper team-mate Jack Brabham to the 1960 title while Ferrari are the first marque to pass 50 wins, achieving the feat in 1961, a year which they dominated with Eugenio Castellotti winning the title. But it's the Brits who are generally on top with Graham Hill (1964, 1965, 1968), Jim Clark (1962, 1966) and Jackie Stewart (1969) - who won the first GP he contested in 1965 - winning the crown while in Auckland in 1961, Pennington beats Wolfgang von Trips to the line by 0.095 of a second! Mandatory pit stops are introduced in 1964, a season in which Pennington loses the title to Graham Hill on the penultimate lap due to engine failure. Four years later, the same happens again with Hill once again benefitting. Von Trips is a dominant champion for Mercedes in 1963 while Mike Hailwood (Lotus) almost wins the 1965 title with no finish better than third - showing how the new points system can sometimes reward consistency over outright pace. After comfortably winning the title in 1967 driving his own machinery, Jack Brabham retires. Graham Hill also calls it a day after his 1968 triumph only to later return driving for Brabham and Hill-BRM in the 1970s! The decade ends with Stewart utterly dominant, winning the last eight races (and four previously) to claim the 1969 title for Matra.

1970s

William Pennington
NationalityUnited Kingdom British
Born (1952-05-14) 14 May 1952 (age 71)
Formula 1 career
Debut season1971
Current teamPorsche
Former teamsBRM, Matra, Hesketh, McLaren
Starts142
Wins17
Poles50
Fastest laps57
Formula One World Championship career
Active years1971–1978
TeamsBRM, Matra, Hesketh, McLaren
Entries142
Wins12
Career points1854
Pole positions29
Fastest laps37
First entry1971 South African Grand Prix
Last entry1977 Japanese Grand Prix
1977 position6th (306 pts)

Next to achieve the feat of winning the title in his own machinery was Bruce McLaren, who did so in 1970 despite only one race win in a calendar now visiting 20 different countries. Clark is runner-up just seven points behind while rookies Emerson Fittipaldi and Ronnie Peterson fail to prequalify for the first eight races for March before accruing 225 in the remaining ten. John Pennington retires after his 1970 season is marred by technical failures after 235 races for ERA, Cooper, Vanwall, BRM, Ferrari and McLaren, winning a then-record 25. His record is soon passed by Stewart, who claims the 1971 title as rookie Niki Lauda (Mercedes) fades.

William Pennington debuts with BRM as Stewart passed his father's record for total wins (25). Jochen Rindt is a popular champion in 1972, with Clark leading until the final lap of his last race with another former champion, McLaren, also retiring. 1973 sees Jackie Stewart retire with a then-record 37 wins as his team-mate Francois Cevert is the first Frenchman takes the title. Runner-up Denny Hulme and Graham Hill also make their exits as something of a changing of the guard takes place with the likes of Cevert, Niki Lauda, Ronnie Peterson, Emerson Fittipaldi and Jody Scheckter coming to the fore.

For 1974. there were big changes as with 24 teams entering, a new 'B' race format is set up with the top eight drivers qualifying for the main event. The likes of Roger Williamson, Leo Kinnunen and Helmuth Koinigg impress in the new format, earning full-time drives with more established teams for 1975. The 1974 battle is a thriller with Peter Revson, Ricardo Rodriguez, Ronnie Peterson and Jody Scheckter all fighting for the title before Rodriguez finally prevails for Porsche.

For 1975, more changes came in as a relegation-style elimination saw the 24 teams involved throughout the weekend whittled down to 14 for the final race of the season based on points scored. Scheckter claims his first title in dominant fashion for McLaren, winning nine times with Rodriguez and Lauda his nearest challengers. Team-mate Pennington leads McLaren's charge in 1976 but is unable to overhaul the Mercedes of Mario Andretti while James Hunt, now at Lotus, takes his first win but poor reliability prevents him challenging for the title.

1977 sees the introduction of a 'C' race with some 31 teams entering and with Scheckter heading for Wolf, McLaren recruit Tom Pryce from Shadow to form an all-British line-up to take on Mercedes, Ferrari and Porsche. A season of high drama goes down to the final lap when Ricardo Rodriguez retires from third place, allowing Carlos Reutemann into fourth to claim the title by a single point from Ferrari team-mate Niki Lauda. Pryce finishes the season in fourth, just behind Ferrari-bound Gilles Villeneuve (Wolf) while there's a first win for Ligier at the hands of Jacques Laffitte. Reutemann is the first man to win the title without winning a race, neither managing a pole nor a fastest lap. As an unhappy Lauda leaves for Brabham, Emerson Fittipaldi closes his own team and signs for Mercedes alongside Andretti with Peterson returning to Lotus alongside Hunt for 1978.

Hunt comes close to the title in 1978 but hits bad form at the end of the season allowing Rindt (Porsche) to claim his second title immediately before retiring. Peterson is third but immediately leaves for McLaren with Reutemann taking his place at Lotus. A first win for Tom Pryce isn't enough to save his McLaren seat and after a desperate season with Wolf, Scheckter heads for Ferrari. Gilles Villeneuve registers his first win before taking Ferrari's 100th win at the Nurburgring; Pennington claims nine poles but appalling reliability means only two of those are converted to wins. Things get worse in 1979 and as Andretti claims his second title for Mercedes, Pennington leaves McLaren for Porsche. New winners this year are John Watson, Patrick Tambay (both Porsche), Alan Jones (Williams), Patrick Depailler (Ligier) and Kazuyoshi Hoshino (Honda).

1980s

A new decade sees a new champion as Andretti's replacement at Mercedes, Patrick Tambay, wins just once but excellent consistency wins him the title from Alan Jones (Williams) and Hans-Joachim Stuck (Porsche), who is the only driver to claim their maiden win in this season. In contrast, 1981 opens with maiden wins for Nelson Piquet (Brabham) and Eddie Cheever (Tyrell) as the calendar expands to some 28 races including visits to Chile, Colombia and Ireland!





World Drivers' Champions by season[1][2][3]
Season Driver Constructor Poles Wins F. Laps Points Margin Races Constructors Title Runner-Up Third place
Chassis Engine
1950 Italy Giuseppe Farina[4] Alfa Romeo Alfa Romeo 2 3 3 153 9 6 N/A Luigi Fagioli (Alfa Romeo) Alberto Ascari (Ferrari)
1951 Argentina Juan Manuel Fangio[5] Alfa Romeo Alfa Romeo 2 4 6 174 5 7 Guiseppe Farina (Alfa Romeo) Jose Froilan Gonzales (Ferrari)
1952 Italy Luigi Villoresi Ferrari Ferrari 2 2 1 165 11 7 Jean Behra (Gordini) Alberto Ascari (Ferrari)
1953 Argentina Juan Manuel Fangio[5] Maserati Maserati 2 1 1 192 14 8 Mike Hawthorn (Ferrari) Luigi Villoresi (Ferrari)
1954 Argentina Juan Manuel Fangio[5] Mercedes Mercedes 2 1 2 191 27 8 Mike Hawthorn (Ferrari) Jose Froilan Gonzales (Ferrari)
1955 Argentina Jose Froilan Gonzales Ferrari Ferrari 2 1 2 207 2 10 Juan Manuel Fangio (Mercedes) Karl Kling (Mercedes)
1956 Italy Alberto Ascari Ferrari Ferrari 4 1 0 191 8 8 Peter Collins (Ferrari) Jose Froilan Gonzales (Ferrari)
1957 Argentina Juan Manuel Fangio[5] Mercedes Mercedes 2 2 2 198 8 9 Jean Behra (Maserati) Peter Collins (Ferrari)
1958 United Kingdom Mike Hawthorn[6] Ferrari Ferrari 6 5 3 365 7 15 Stirling Moss (Vanwall) Luigi Musso (Ferrari)
1959 United States Phil Hill[7] Ferrari Ferrari 0 1 0 302 7 14 Tony Brooks (Ferrari) Jack Brabham (Cooper)
1960 New Zealand Bruce McLaren Cooper Climax 4 4 2 347 26 15 Jack Brabham (Cooper) Jim Clark (Lotus)
1961 Italy Eugenio Castellotti Ferrari Ferrari 2 5 1 344 27 14 Ricardo Rodriguez (Ferrari) Phil Hill (Ferrari)
1962 United Kingdom Jim Clark[8] Lotus Climax 1 3 2 287 14 2 Ferrari Bruce McLaren (Cooper) Wolfgang von Trips (Mercedes)
1963 Germany Wolfgang von Trips Mercedes Mercedes 6 6 5 319 29 15 Mercedes John Pennington (Cooper) Jim Clark (Lotus)
1964 United Kingdom Graham Hill[9] BRM BRM 2 2 3 281 3 15 Ferrari (2) John Pennington (Cooper) Jo Siffert (Mercedes)
1965 United Kingdom Graham Hill[9] BRM BRM 2 3 1 281 6 16 BRM Mike Hailwood (Lotus) Jackie Stewart (BRM)
1966 United Kingdom Jim Clark[8] Lotus Climax 7 7 3 308 4 16 Ferrari (3) John Surtees (Ferrari) Denny Hulme (Brabham)
1967 Australia Jack Brabham[10] Brabham Repco 0 3 2 345 43 17 Brabham Graham Hill (Lotus) Jo Siffert (Mercedes)
1968 United Kingdom Graham Hill[9] Lotus Ford 8 4 6 302 1 18 McLaren Bruce McLaren (McLaren) John Pennington (McLaren)
1969 United Kingdom Jackie Stewart[11] Matra Ford 5 12 13 399 88 18 Matra Vic Elford (Porsche) Johnny Servoz-Gavin (Matra)
1970 New Zealand Bruce McLaren McLaren Ford 0 1 0 303 7 18 Lotus Jim Clark (Lotus) Clay Regazzoni (Mercedes)
1971 United Kingdom Jackie Stewart[11] Tyrrell Ford 13 8 14 336 34 20 Tyrell Jim Clark (Lotus) Niki Lauda (Mercedes)
1972 Austria Jochen Rindt Lotus Ford 3 3 2 368 36 21 Lotus (2) Jackie Stewart (Tyrell) Clay Regazzoni (Mercedes)
1973 France Francois Cevert Tyrrell Ford 1 3 1 324 26 20 Tyrell (2) Denny Hulme (McLaren) Niki Lauda (Mercedes)
1974 Mexico Ricardo Rodriguez [12] Porsche Porsche 1 2 0 393 4 20 Porsche Jody Scheckter (McLaren) Peter Revson (McLaren)
1975 Jody Scheckter McLaren Ford 4 9 9 435 67 20 McLaren (2) Ricardo Rodriguez (Porsche) Niki Lauda (Ferrari)
1976 United States Mario Andretti Mercedes Mercedes 5 5 5 397 20 20 Mercedes (2) William Pennington (McLaren) Jochen Mass (Mercedes)
1977 Argentina Carlos Reutemann[13] Ferrari Ferrari 0 0 0 401 1 21 Ferrari (4) Niki Lauda (Ferrra) Gilles Villeneuve (Wolf)
1978 Austria Jochen Rindt Porsche Porsche 0 1 0 344 17 23 Mercedes (3) Mario Andretti (Mercedes) Gilles Villeneuve (Ferrari)
1979 United States Mario Andretti Mercedes Mercedes 0 2 1 441 95 23 Mercedes (4) Emerson Fittipaldi (Mercedes) Gilles Villeneuve (Ferrari)
1980 France Patrick Tambay Mercedes Mercedes 0 1 0 480 66 25 Porsche (2) Alan Jones (Williams) Hans-Joachim Stuck (Porsche)
1981 Brazil Nelson Piquet[14] Brabham Ford 4 3 1 50 1
1982 Finland Keke Rosberg[15] Williams Ford 1 1 0 44 5
1983 Brazil Nelson Piquet[14] Brabham BMW 1 3 4 59 2
1984 Austria Niki Lauda[13] McLaren TAG 0 5 5 72 0.5
1985 France Alain Prost[16] McLaren TAG 2 5 5 73 20
1986 France Alain Prost[16] McLaren TAG 1 4 2 72 2
1987 Brazil Nelson Piquet[14] Williams Honda 4 3 4 73 12
1988 Brazil Ayrton Senna[17] McLaren Honda 13 8 3 90 3
1989 France Alain Prost[16] McLaren Honda 2 4 5 76 16
1990 Brazil Ayrton Senna[17] McLaren Honda 10 6 2 78 7
1991 Brazil Ayrton Senna[17] McLaren Honda 8 7 2 96 24
1992 United Kingdom Nigel Mansell[18] Williams Renault 14 9 8 108 52
1993 France Alain Prost[16] Williams Renault 13 7 6 99 26
1994 Germany Michael Schumacher[19] Benetton Ford 6 8 8 92 1
1995 Germany Michael Schumacher[19] Benetton Renault 4 9 8 102 33
1996 United Kingdom Damon Hill[20] Williams Renault 9 8 5 97 19
1997 Canada Jacques Villeneuve[21] Williams Renault 10 7 3 81 39[a]
1998 Finland Mika Häkkinen[24] McLaren Mercedes 9 8 6 100 14
1999 Finland Mika Häkkinen[24] McLaren Mercedes 11 5 6 76 2
2000 Germany Michael Schumacher[19] Ferrari Ferrari 9 9 2 108 19
2001 Germany Michael Schumacher[19] Ferrari Ferrari 11 9 3 123 58
2002 Germany Michael Schumacher[19] Ferrari Ferrari 7 11 7 144 67
2003 Germany Michael Schumacher[19] Ferrari Ferrari 5 6 5 93 2
2004 Germany Michael Schumacher[19] Ferrari Ferrari 8 13 10 148 34
2005 Spain Fernando Alonso[25] Renault Renault 6 7 2 133 21
2006 Spain Fernando Alonso[25] Renault Renault 6 7 5 134 13
2007 Finland Kimi Räikkönen[26] Ferrari Ferrari 3 6 6 110 1
2008 United Kingdom Lewis Hamilton[27] McLaren Mercedes 7 5 1 98 1
2009 United Kingdom Jenson Button[28] Brawn Mercedes 4 6 2 95 11
2010 Germany Sebastian Vettel[29] Red Bull Renault 10 5 3 256 4
2011 Germany Sebastian Vettel[29] Red Bull Renault 15 11 3 392 122
2012 Germany Sebastian Vettel[29] Red Bull Renault 6 5 6 281 3
2013 Germany Sebastian Vettel[29] Red Bull Renault 9 13 7 397 155
2014 United Kingdom Lewis Hamilton[27] Mercedes Mercedes 7 11 7 384 67
2015 United Kingdom Lewis Hamilton[27] Mercedes Mercedes 11 10 8 381 59
2016 Germany Nico Rosberg[30] Mercedes Mercedes 8 9 6 385 5
2017 United Kingdom Lewis Hamilton[27] Mercedes Mercedes 11 9 7 363 46
2018 United Kingdom Lewis Hamilton[27] Mercedes Mercedes 11 11 3 408 88
2019 United Kingdom Lewis Hamilton[27] Mercedes Mercedes 5 11 6 413 87
2020 United Kingdom Lewis Hamilton[27] Mercedes Mercedes 10 11 6 347 124
2021 Netherlands Max Verstappen[31] Red Bull Honda 10 10 6 395.5 8
Season Driver Chassis Engine Poles Wins Fastest laps Points Margin
Constructor
  1. ^ Michael Schumacher scored 78 points during the 1997 season, 3 points behind Villeneuve, but was disqualified from the championship for deliberately colliding with Villeneuve in the final race of the season, the European Grand Prix.[22] This left Villeneuve with a 39-point margin over Heinz-Harald Frentzen with 42 points.[23] 












    

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    2. 

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  3. ^ "Race results". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 16 October 2007. Retrieved 19 September 2020.

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  4. ^ "Nino Farina". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 4 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  5. ^ a b c d "Juan Manuel Fangio". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 6 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  6. ^ "Mike Hawthorn". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 4 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  7. ^ "Phil Hill". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  8. ^ a b "Jim Clark". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  9. ^ a b c "Graham Hill". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  10. ^ "Jack Brabham". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 5 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  11. ^ a b "Jackie Stewart". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 5 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  12. ^ "Emerson Fittipaldi". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  13. ^ a b "Niki Lauda". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  14. ^ a b c "Nelson Piquet". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  15. ^ "Keke Rosberg". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 6 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  16. ^ a b c d "Alain Prost". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 4 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  17. ^ a b c "Ayrton Senna". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  18. ^ "Nigel Mansell". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 5 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  19. ^ a b c d e f g "Michael Schumacher". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 2 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  20. ^ "Damon Hill". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 4 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  21. ^ "Jacques Villeneuve". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 4 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  22. ^ Lynch, Steven (30 April 2010). "Schumacher's disqualification, and pole position". ESPN. Archived from the original on 7 February 2021. Retrieved 19 September 2020.

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  24. ^ a b "Mika Häkkinen". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 4 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  25. ^ a b "Fernando Alonso". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 25 June 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  26. ^ "Kimi Räikkönen". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 28 June 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  27. ^ a b c d e f g "Lewis Hamilton". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 28 June 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  28. ^ "Jenson Button". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 3 July 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  29. ^ a b c d "Sebastian Vettel". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 25 June 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  30. ^ "Nico Rosberg". formula1.com. Archived from the original on 27 June 2016. Retrieved 27 November 2016.

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  31. ^ "Max Verstappen". formula1.com. Retrieved 12 December 2021.

    32. 









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