Trochalopteron

Trochalopteron
	Streaked laughingthrush (Trochalopteron lineatum)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Passeriformes
Family:	Leiothrichidae
Genus:	Trochalopteron; Blyth, 1843
Type species
	Trochalopteron subunicolor (scaly laughingthrush); Blyth, 1843
Species
	See text

Trochalopteron is a genus of passerine birds in the laughingthrush family Leiothrichidae.

Taxonomy[edit]

The genus Trochalopteron was introduced in 1843 by the English zoologist Edward Blyth.^[1] The name combines the Ancient Greek trokhalos meaning "round" or "bowed" with pteron meaning "wing".^[2] The type species was designated in 1930 by E. C. Stuart Baker as the scaly laughingthrush.^[3]^[4]

Species[edit]

The genus contains the following 19 species:^[5]

Common Name	Scientific name	Distribution
Brown-capped laughingthrush	Trochalopteron austeni	Patkai range, India
Scaly laughingthrush	Trochalopteron subunicolor	Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, and Vietnam.
Streaked laughingthrush	Trochalopteron lineatum	Afghanistan, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Russia, and Tajikistan.
Striped laughingthrush	Trochalopteron virgatum	Patkai range, India
Blue-winged laughingthrush	Trochalopteron squamatum	Eastern Himalaya, Yunnan, Myanmar and Laos
Variegated laughingthrush	Trochalopteron variegatum	Bhutan, India, Nepal and Tibet.
Black-faced laughingthrush	Trochalopteron affine	eastern Nepal eastwards to Arunachal Pradesh in India and further to Myanmar, along with Bhutan and southeastern Tibet.
Elliot's laughingthrush	Trochalopteron elliotii	central China and far northeastern India.
Brown-cheeked laughingthrush	Trochalopteron henrici	southwestern China and northeastern India
White-whiskered laughingthrush	Trochalopteron morrisonianum	Taiwan.
Chestnut-crowned laughingthrush	Trochalopteron erythrocephalum	Bhutan, China, India, and Nepal.
Collared laughingthrush	Trochalopteron yersini	Vietnam.
Red-tailed laughingthrush	Trochalopteron milnei	China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam.
Red-winged laughingthrush	Trochalopteron formosum	China (Sichuan, Yunnan and Guangxi provinces) and north-west Vietnam.
Bhutan laughingthrush	Trochalopteron imbricatum	Bhutan and some adjoining areas in India.
Assam laughingthrush	Trochalopteron chrysopterum	Northeast India and adjacent southwest China and Myanmar.
Silver-eared laughingthrush	Trochalopteron melanostigma	southern Yunnan, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam.
Golden-winged laughingthrush	Trochalopteron ngoclinhense	Vietnam.
Malayan laughingthrush	Trochalopteron peninsulae	southern Thailand and peninsular Malaysia.

Former species[edit]

Two species that were formerly included in this genus have been moved to Montecincla based on phylogenetic studies that showed them to be more distantly related to the Trochalopteron clade than to a clade formed by species in the genera Leiothrix, Actinodura, Minla, Crocias and Heterophasia.^[6]

Black-chinned laughingthrush, Montecincla cachinnans (with jerdoni separated as a full species)
Kerala laughingthrush, Montecincla fairbanki

References[edit]

^ Blyth, Edward (1843). "Mr. Blyth's monthly Report for December Meeting, 1842, with Addenda subsequently appended". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 12 (143): 925–1011 [952].
^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 391. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
^ Mayr, Ernst; Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, eds. (1964). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 10. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 348.
^ Baker, E.C. Stuart (1930). The Fauna of British India Birds including Ceylon and Burma. Birds. Vol. 7 (2nd ed.). London: Taylor and Francis. p. 30.
^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Laughingthrushes and allies". World Bird List Version 9.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
^ Robin, V.V.; Vishnudas, C.K.; Gupta, P.; Rheindt, F.E.; Hooper, D.M.; Ramakrishnan, U.; Reddy, S. (2017). "Two new genera of songbirds represent endemic radiations from the Shola Sky Islands of the Western Ghats, India". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 17 (31): 1–14. doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0882-6. PMC 5259981. PMID 28114902.

[1] Blyth, Edward (1843). "Mr. Blyth's monthly Report for December Meeting, 1842, with Addenda subsequently appended". Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 12 (143): 925–1011 [952].

[2] Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 391. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.

[3] Mayr, Ernst; Paynter, Raymond A. Jr, eds. (1964). Check-List of Birds of the World. Vol. 10. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 348.

[4] Baker, E.C. Stuart (1930). The Fauna of British India Birds including Ceylon and Burma. Birds. Vol. 7 (2nd ed.). London: Taylor and Francis. p. 30.

[ioc-5] Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Laughingthrushes and allies". World Bird List Version 9.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 16 January 2019.

[6] Robin, V.V.; Vishnudas, C.K.; Gupta, P.; Rheindt, F.E.; Hooper, D.M.; Ramakrishnan, U.; Reddy, S. (2017). "Two new genera of songbirds represent endemic radiations from the Shola Sky Islands of the Western Ghats, India". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 17 (31): 1–14. doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0882-6. PMC 5259981. PMID 28114902.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]