Convent of Nossa Senhora do Carmo (Horta): Difference between revisions
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| free1 = [[Horta|Câmara Municipal da Horta]]/[[Diocese of Angra]] |
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==History== |
==History== |
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[[File:Convento_do_Carmo,_anexo_à_Igreja_de_Nossa_Senhora_do_Carmo,_vista_parcial,_Horta,_ilha_do_Faial,_Açores,_Portugal.JPG|thumb|235px|left|A view of the vaulted archways of the convent of Carmo, annexed to the Church of Nossa Senhora do Carmo.]] |
[[File:Convento_do_Carmo,_anexo_à_Igreja_de_Nossa_Senhora_do_Carmo,_vista_parcial,_Horta,_ilha_do_Faial,_Açores,_Portugal.JPG|thumb|235px|left|A view of the vaulted archways of the convent of Carmo, annexed to the Church of Nossa Senhora do Carmo.]] |
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Its construction began in the 17th century, specifically in 1652, under the influence of D. Helena de Boim, wife of the captain-major Francisco Gil da Silveira. |
Its construction began in the 17th century, specifically in 1652, under the influence of D. Helena de Boim, wife of the captain-major Francisco Gil da Silveira.<ref name="SIPA">{{citation |url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=25448 |title=Convento de Nossa Senhora do Carmo (IPA.00025448/PT072002080033) |publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal |language=Portuguese |first=Paula |last=Noé |year=2007 |accessdate=1 January 2017}}</ref> |
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After the construction of a chapel, dedicated to the invocation of Nossa Senhora da Boa Nova (Our Lady of Good News), D. Helena de Boim decided to create a hospice, in order to lodge Carmelite friars, that included round-trips through the kingdom to the States of Brazil and Maranhão. |
After the construction of a chapel, dedicated to the invocation of ''Nossa Senhora da Boa Nova'' (''Our Lady of Good News''), D. Helena de Boim decided to create a hospice, in order to lodge Carmelite friars, that included round-trips through the kingdom to the States of Brazil and Maranhão.<ref name=SIPA/> |
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To promote the convent, D. Helena de Boim donated her possessions to the Order of the Brothers of Mount Carmel, and lands alongside the chapel in order to begin construction of the monastery, and later the church. |
To promote the convent, D. Helena de Boim donated her possessions to the Order of the Brothers of Mount Carmel, and lands alongside the chapel in order to begin construction of the monastery, and later the church.<ref name=SIPA/> |
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The building evolved considerably throughout the years, primarily due to reconstruction, following several earthquakes that struck Faial over the years. It also affected the churchyard, situated over the centre of town, which was restored, rebuilt and expanded. |
The building evolved considerably throughout the years, primarily due to reconstruction, following several earthquakes that struck Faial over the years.<ref name=SIPA/> It also affected the churchyard, situated over the centre of town, which was restored, rebuilt and expanded.<ref name=SIPA/> |
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Much of the construction resulted from the earthquake that struck the island in 1926. A similar earthquake rocked the islands of the central group on 9 July 1998, provoking destruction in the areas of [[Ribeirinha (Horta)|Ribeirinha]], [[Pedro Miguel]], [[Salão]] and [[Cedros (Horta)|Cedros]], and destroying homes in [[Castelo Branco (Horta)|Castelo Branco]] (Lombega), [[Flemish people|Flamengos]] and [[Praia do Almoxarife]]. |
Much of the construction resulted from the earthquake that struck the island in 1926.<ref name=SIPA/> A similar earthquake rocked the islands of the central group on 9 July 1998, provoking destruction in the areas of [[Ribeirinha (Horta)|Ribeirinha]], [[Pedro Miguel]], [[Salão]] and [[Cedros (Horta)|Cedros]], and destroying homes in [[Castelo Branco (Horta)|Castelo Branco]] (Lombega), [[Flemish people|Flamengos]] and [[Praia do Almoxarife]].<ref name=SIPA/> |
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The convent was transferred to the Lay Carmelites in 1836, as a consequence of the extinction of the religious orders in Portugal, and owing to the intervention of António de Ávila (later Duke of Ávila e Bolama) the convent was spared, even as other liberals wished to destroy the building. |
The convent was transferred to the Lay Carmelites in 1836, as a consequence of the extinction of the religious orders in Portugal, and owing to the intervention of António de Ávila (later Duke of Ávila e Bolama) the convent was spared, even as other liberals wished to destroy the building.<ref name=SIPA/> |
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At the time of its extinction, there were 12 sisters and three studying form admission to the order. |
At the time of its extinction, there were 12 sisters and three studying form admission to the order.<ref name=SIPA/> |
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A year later, the convent passed into the possession of the Portuguese State, who installed a garrison and barracks. By the time of the 1926 earthquake its role had changed significantly, and continued in the possession of the Ministry of Defense to the present, functioning as a military post, thereby affecting its use as a tourist landmark. |
A year later, the convent passed into the possession of the Portuguese State, who installed a garrison and barracks.<ref name=SIPA/><ref name="DRC">{{citation |url=http://www.inventario.iacultura.pt/faial/horta_fichas/71_11_149.html |contribution=71.11.149 Igreja do Carmo |editor=DRC |publisher=Direção Regional da Cultura |location=Angra do Heroísmo (Azores), Portugal |title=Inventário do Património Imóvel dos Açores |date=3 March 1999 }}</ref> By the time of the 1926 earthquake its role had changed significantly, and continued in the possession of the Ministry of Defense to the present, functioning as a military post, thereby affecting its use as a tourist landmark.<ref name=SIPA/> |
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==Architecture== |
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The church and convent is situated in a courtyard consisting of a large rectangular platform, whose principal access (almost to the front of the principal facade) is along the ''Travessa do Carmo'' (a staircase of large cobblestone rises).<ref name=DRC/> |
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The principal facade includes to bell towers and is divided into three floors decorated in cornice.<ref name=DRC/> The towers, are delimited by a central section with pilasters, corresponding to the lateral corps and surmounted by bulbous copulas over octagonal base.<ref name=DRC/> There are four sections on all floors, with the last one occupied by the belfry.<ref name=DRC/> The central part, corresponds to the nave, and there are three sections per floor (with the doorways on the ground floor decorated in archways) and surmounted by a cut frontispiece with decorated tympanum.<ref name=DRC/> There is an inscription on the archway entrance to the left part of the church, that reads ''1838''.<ref name=DRC/> |
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On the same floor as the facade are two porticos that provided access to the primitive convent. To the right lateral facade there is a rectangular corp, one-storey in height, with three sections, decorated in cornice.<ref name=DRC/> The left lateral facade (behind the military entranceway the compound) are elements of the of the old cloister.<ref name=DRC/> |
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The church of the old Convent of Carmo comprises a single nave to a narrower chancel, covered in a vaulted ceiling, and two lateral bodies marked by two chapels.<ref name=DRC/> Access the convent and the pulpits are provided from the false transepts.<ref name=DRC/> The lateral chapels are surmounted by cornice topped by rectangular openings, with guards).<ref name=DRC/> The archways that correspond to the false transepts end at a cornice that mark the beginning of the vaulted ceiling.<ref name=DRC/> A high-choir exists on the extreme nave opposite the main altar.<ref name=DRC/> Among various retables in gilded woodwork, is the one on the side of of the epistole, which have characteristics that Joanino, framed by an investment of figurative azulejo tile that is equally Joanino in character.<ref name=DRC/> |
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==References== |
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===Notes=== |
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{{Reflist|30em}} |
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===Sources=== |
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* {{citation |title=Guia do Património Cultura dos Açores, Faial |pages=117-118 |isbn=972-96057-1-8 |edition=1 |year=2003 |language=Portuguese |location=Angra do Heroísmo (Azores), Portugal}} |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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Revision as of 12:58, 1 January 2017
Template:Geobox The Convent of Carmo (Portuguese: Convento do Carmo) is a former-convent situated in the civil parish of Matriz, municipality of Horta in the Portuguese archipelago of the Azores. For several centuries it was one of the several convents that dotted the urban area of the island of Faial, but was damaged during several earthquakes. After the expulsion of the religious orders the convent began a slow decline, and was eventually expropriated by the Portuguese Armed Forces as an administrative post and garrison.
History
Its construction began in the 17th century, specifically in 1652, under the influence of D. Helena de Boim, wife of the captain-major Francisco Gil da Silveira.[1]
After the construction of a chapel, dedicated to the invocation of Nossa Senhora da Boa Nova (Our Lady of Good News), D. Helena de Boim decided to create a hospice, in order to lodge Carmelite friars, that included round-trips through the kingdom to the States of Brazil and Maranhão.[1]
To promote the convent, D. Helena de Boim donated her possessions to the Order of the Brothers of Mount Carmel, and lands alongside the chapel in order to begin construction of the monastery, and later the church.[1]
The building evolved considerably throughout the years, primarily due to reconstruction, following several earthquakes that struck Faial over the years.[1] It also affected the churchyard, situated over the centre of town, which was restored, rebuilt and expanded.[1]
Much of the construction resulted from the earthquake that struck the island in 1926.[1] A similar earthquake rocked the islands of the central group on 9 July 1998, provoking destruction in the areas of Ribeirinha, Pedro Miguel, Salão and Cedros, and destroying homes in Castelo Branco (Lombega), Flamengos and Praia do Almoxarife.[1]
The convent was transferred to the Lay Carmelites in 1836, as a consequence of the extinction of the religious orders in Portugal, and owing to the intervention of António de Ávila (later Duke of Ávila e Bolama) the convent was spared, even as other liberals wished to destroy the building.[1]
At the time of its extinction, there were 12 sisters and three studying form admission to the order.[1]
A year later, the convent passed into the possession of the Portuguese State, who installed a garrison and barracks.[1][2] By the time of the 1926 earthquake its role had changed significantly, and continued in the possession of the Ministry of Defense to the present, functioning as a military post, thereby affecting its use as a tourist landmark.[1]
Architecture
The church and convent is situated in a courtyard consisting of a large rectangular platform, whose principal access (almost to the front of the principal facade) is along the Travessa do Carmo (a staircase of large cobblestone rises).[2]
The principal facade includes to bell towers and is divided into three floors decorated in cornice.[2] The towers, are delimited by a central section with pilasters, corresponding to the lateral corps and surmounted by bulbous copulas over octagonal base.[2] There are four sections on all floors, with the last one occupied by the belfry.[2] The central part, corresponds to the nave, and there are three sections per floor (with the doorways on the ground floor decorated in archways) and surmounted by a cut frontispiece with decorated tympanum.[2] There is an inscription on the archway entrance to the left part of the church, that reads 1838.[2]
On the same floor as the facade are two porticos that provided access to the primitive convent. To the right lateral facade there is a rectangular corp, one-storey in height, with three sections, decorated in cornice.[2] The left lateral facade (behind the military entranceway the compound) are elements of the of the old cloister.[2]
The church of the old Convent of Carmo comprises a single nave to a narrower chancel, covered in a vaulted ceiling, and two lateral bodies marked by two chapels.[2] Access the convent and the pulpits are provided from the false transepts.[2] The lateral chapels are surmounted by cornice topped by rectangular openings, with guards).[2] The archways that correspond to the false transepts end at a cornice that mark the beginning of the vaulted ceiling.[2] A high-choir exists on the extreme nave opposite the main altar.[2] Among various retables in gilded woodwork, is the one on the side of of the epistole, which have characteristics that Joanino, framed by an investment of figurative azulejo tile that is equally Joanino in character.[2]
References
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Noé, Paula (2007), SIPA (ed.), Convento de Nossa Senhora do Carmo (IPA.00025448/PT072002080033) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, retrieved 1 January 2017
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o DRC, ed. (3 March 1999), "71.11.149 Igreja do Carmo", Inventário do Património Imóvel dos Açores, Angra do Heroísmo (Azores), Portugal: Direção Regional da Cultura
Sources
- Guia do Património Cultura dos Açores, Faial (in Portuguese) (1 ed.), Angra do Heroísmo (Azores), Portugal, 2003, pp. 117–118, ISBN 972-96057-1-8
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)