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{{Geobox|Settlement
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- *** Heading *** -->
| official_name = Cartaxo
| native_name =
| name = Cartaxo
| native_name =
| settlement_type = [[Municipalities of Portugal|Municipality]]
| image_flag = Pt-ctx3.png
| other_name =
| flag_alt =
| category = [[Municipality]]
| native_category = [[Concelho]]
| image_shield = CTX1.png
<!-- *** Names **** -->
| shield_alt =
| motto =
| etymology =
| official_name = Concelho de Cartaxo
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| motto =
| image_caption =
| nickname =
| pushpin_map = <!-- Portugal -->
<!-- *** Image *** -->
| image =
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_mapsize =
| image_size = 235
<!-- *** Symbols *** -->
| pushpin_caption = Location in Portugal
| latd = 39 |latm = 09 |latNS = N
| flag = Pt-ctx3.png
| symbol = CTX1.png
| longd = 8 |longm = 47|longEW = W
<!-- *** Country *** -->
| coordinates_type = region:PT_type:adm3rd
| country = {{flag|Portugal}}
| coordinates_display = yes
| image_map = LocalCartaxo.svg
| state = [[Ribatejo]]
| map_alt =
| state_type = Region
| map_caption = Location in Portugal
| region_type = Subregion
| subdivision_type = Country
| region = [[Lezíria do Tejo]]
| subdivision_name = {{flag|Portugal}}
| district = [[Santarém (district)|Santarém]]
| subdivision_type1 = Region
| municipality =
<!-- *** Family *** -->
| subdivision_name1 = [[Ribatejo]]
| subdivision_type2 = Subregion
| part_type = Civil parishes
| subdivision_name2 = [[Lezíria do Tejo]]
| part_count = 8
| subdivision_type3 = District/A.R.
| part =
| landmark =
| subdivision_name3 = [[Santarém District|Santarém]]
| leader_party = [[Portuguese Socialist Party|PS]]
| river =
<!-- *** Locations *** -->
| leader_title = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name = [[Paulo Caldas]]
| location =
| area_total_km2 = 158.2
| elevation =
| population_total = 24,465
| prominence =
| lat_d = 39
| population_density_km2 = 155
| population_as_of =
| lat_m = 9
| blank_name_sec1 = [[freguesia|Parishes]] (no.)
| lat_s =
| blank_info_sec1 = [[Cartaxo#Parishes|8]]
| lat_NS = N
| blank1_name_sec1 = Municipal holiday
| long_d = 8
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Ascension Day]]<br />date varies
| long_m = 47
| website = http://www.cm-cartaxo.pt
| long_s =
| long_EW = W
| highest =
| highest_location =
| highest_region =
| highest_state =
| highest_elevation =
| highest_lat_d =
| highest_lat_m =
| highest_lat_s =
| highest_lat_NS = N
| highest_long_d =
| highest_long_m =
| highest_long_s =
| highest_long_EW = W
| lowest =
| lowest_location =
| lowest_region =
| lowest_state =
| lowest_elevation =
| lowest_lat_d =
| lowest_lat_m =
| lowest_lat_s =
| lowest_lat_NS =
| lowest_long_d =
| lowest_long_m =
| lowest_long_s =
| lowest_long_EW =
<!-- *** Dimensions *** -->
| length =
| length_orientation = West-East
| width =
| width_orientation = North-South
| area = 158.2
| area_land =
| area_water =
| area_urban =
| area_metro =
<!-- *** Population *** -->
| population = 24465
| population_date = 2001
| population_urban =
| population_metro =
| population_density = 155
| population_density_urban =
| population_density_metro =
<!-- *** History & management *** -->
| established_type = Settlement
| established =
| established1_type = [[Municipality]]
| established1 =
| government_type = [[LAU]]
| government = [[Concelho]]/[[Câmara Municipal]]
| government_location =
| government_region =
| government_state =
| government_elevation =
| government_lat_d =
| government_lat_m =
| government_lat_s =
| government_lat_NS = N
| government_long_d =
| government_long_m =
| government_long_s =
| government_long_EW = W
| mayor_type = [[President of the Municipal Chamber|President]]
| mayor = Paulo Jorge Vieira Varanda
| mayor_party = [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
| leader_type = [[Assembleia Municipal|Municipal chair]]
| leader = Fernando Manuel Duarte dos Santos
| leader_party = [[Socialist Party (Portugal)|PS]]
<!-- *** Codes *** -->
| timezone = [[West European Time|WET]]
| utc_offset = 0
| timezone_DST = [[Western European Summer Time|WEST]]
| utc_offset_DST = +1
| iso_code = PT
| postal_code =
| postal_code_type = Postal Zone
| area_code = (+351) 243 XX XX XX
| area_code_type = Area code & prefix
| code =
<!-- *** UNESCO etc. *** -->
| whs_name =
| whs_year =
| whs_number =
| whs_region =
| whs_criteria =
| iucn_category =
<!-- *** Free fields *** -->
| free_type = [[Demonym]]
| free =
| free1_type = [[Patron saint]]
| free1 =
| free2_type = Municipal address
| free2 = <br>
| free3_type = Municipal holidays
| free3 = [[Feast of the Ascension]]
<!-- *** Maps *** -->
| map = LocalCartaxo.svg
| map_size = 235
| map_caption = Location of the [[concelho|municipality]] of Cartaxo in [[continental Portugal]]
| map_background =
| map_locator =
<!-- *** Websites *** -->
| commons = Cartaxo
| statistics = [[Instituto Nacional de Estatística]]<ref name="INE">{{citation|url=http://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_publicacoes&PUBLICACOESpub_boui=131011251&PUBLICACOEStema=5414321&PUBLICACOESmodo=2 |title=Censos 2011 - Resultadas Preliminares|trans_title=2011 Census - Preliminary Results|publisher=Instituto Nacional de Estatística|language=Português|location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese|accessdate=1 January 2012|year=2010|editor=INE|editor-link=Instituto Nacional de Estatística}}</ref>
| website = http://www.cm-cartaxo.pt
<!-- *** Footnotes *** -->
| footnotes = Geographic detail from CAOP (2010)<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.igeo.pt/produtos/cadastro/caop/download/Areas_Freg_Mun_Dist_CAOP2010.zip|title=Carta Administrativa Oficial de Portugal|publisher=Instituto Geográfico Português|location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese|accessdate=1 January 2012|year=2010|editor=IGP}}</ref> produced by Instituto Geográfico Português (IGP)
}}
}}
'''Cartaxo''' ({{IPA-pt|kɐɾˈtaʃu}}) is a municipality in [[Portugal]] with a total area of 158.2 km² and a total population of 24,465 inhabitants. The city itself has a population of 9,507.<ref>[http://62.48.187.117/atlas/Cap2/Cap2d_2.html UMA POPULAÇÃO QUE SE URBANIZA, Uma avaliação recente - Cidades, 2004] Nuno Pires Soares, Instituto Geográfico Português (Geographic Institute of Portugal)</ref>
'''Cartaxo''' ({{IPA-pt|kɐɾˈtaʃu}}) is a [[concelho|municipality]] in [[continental Portugal]], with a total area of {{convert|158.2|km2|mi2}} and a total population of 24,465 inhabitants. The urbanized centre of Cartaxo includes a population of over 9,507 inhabitants.<ref>{{citation |url=http://62.48.187.117/atlas/Cap2/Cap2d_2.html |title=Uma População Que Se Urbaniza: Uma avaliação recente - Cidades |year=2004 |first=Nuno Pires |last=Soares |publisher=Instituto Geográfico Português |editor=IGP}}</ref>


==History==
The municipality is composed of 8 parishes, and is located in the [[Santarém District]].
[[File:Procissão N. Sr. da Graça 2012.JPG|thumb|235px|left|The religious procession during the festival of Nossa Senhora da Graça]]
In the written and oral history, the territory of Cartaxo was an important landscape in the interior passage of the country. A Roman via connected the ancient [[Olissipo]] (Lisbon), crossing Alenquer (Lerabriga) to Santarém (Scallabis), through the territory of Cartaxo.<ref name="CMCartaxo">{{citation |url=http://www.cm-cartaxo.pt/Ser/Turismo/Concelho/Paginas/Resenha.aspx |title=Resenha Histórica |publisher=Câmara Municipal de Cartaxo |editor=Câmara Municipal |accessdate=6 October 2013 |year=2012 |language=Portuguese}}</ref> Yet, before the Romans, other civilizations settled in the region, establishing [[Castro culture|castros]] in Vila Nova de São Pedro, Vale do Tejo or in the areas of Muge.<ref name=CMCartaxo/>
Situated in the plains of the Ribatejo, Cartaxo was a battleground between Muslim and the Christians. Due to its proximity of Santarém, it was one of the centres that were disputed between Muslim and Christian forces for years, resulting in the destruction of Cartaxo.<ref name=CMCartaxo/> Yet, King [[Sancho II of Portugal]] found that it was necessary to repopulate the area, since it was located in a privileged position with fertile lands.<ref name=CMCartaxo/> He, therefore, assigned the land of Cartaxinho (today Ribeira do Cartaxo) to Pedro Pacheco, who was responsible for constructing a shelter for the poor: yet, Pedro Pacheco nor his descendants would accomplish the task.<ref name=CMCartaxo/>


Oral tradition suggests that the name ''Cartaxo'' was given to the lands by Queen [[Elizabeth of Aragon]] who, on a voyage to the Monastery of Almoster, stopped to rest and quench their thirst. Alongside a spring, she was surprised by the beautiful song a bird, that she was unfamiliar.<ref name=CMCartaxo/> Asking one of the peasants about the songbird, the serf responded that the song came from a bird called a ''cartaxos'' or ''cartaxinhos''. Enchanted by the place, the Queen ordained that the land, then called ''Lugar da Fonte'' began to receive the name ''Lugar do Cartaxo''.<ref name=CMCartaxo/> It is unclear whether there is any truth to this story.
The present Mayor is Paulo Simões Caldas, elected by the [[Portuguese Socialist Party|Socialist Party]].


In 1312, Cartaxo received its first [[foral]] (''charter'') signed in Leiria, by King [[Denis of Portugal]], confirmed in 1487, by King [[John II of Portugal|John II]] (in Santarém) and in 1496, by [[Manuel of Portugal|Manuel]] (also in Santarém). The first foral, issued by Denis on 21 March 1312, was sent to his vassel, Garcia Martins, originating the foundation of the locality of Cartaixo.<ref name=CMCartaxo/> In this act, Denis exempted the region from taxes for those who grew and cultivated grapes during the first five years of their tenure. Settlers who accepted these land rights were required to trade their concession with an annual submission of an eighth of their produce in wine and linen.<ref name=CMCartaxo/>
The municipal holiday is the [[Ascension Day]].
The historical importance of the municipality is supported by events of the [[Battle of Ourique]], which were probably linked to Vila Chã de Ourique (1139), a concession of foral to Pontével, by King [[Sancho of Portugal|Sancho]] (1194) and the existence of the Royal Palaces of Valada (1361-1365).<ref name=CMCartaxo/>
In the middle of the 19th century, Cartaxo was one of the more populated areas of Estremadura, in the Comarca of Santarém, with just over 200 inhabitants.<ref name=CMCartaxo/> Following the death of King [[John IV of Portugal|John]], his testament conceded several honors to his daughter (in 1656).<ref name=CMCartaxo/> On 10 December 1815, by regal decree from Rio de Janeiro, King John VI conceded its administrative independence, which was followed-up on 21 June 1995 with the elevation of Cartaxo to the status of city.<ref name=CMCartaxo/>


At the end of the 19th century, owing to the growth of technological innovations, Cartaxo turned the center of wine production, typical of the Vale do Tejo, with many of their wine production exported by ship to Lisbon.<ref name=CMCartaxo/>
==Parishes==

==Geography==
[[File:Vale da Teja (2966881015).jpg|thumb|235px|left|The scenic landscape of the Tagus valley near the town of Cartaxo]]
[[File:Mercado Municipal do Cartaxo.JPG|thumb|235px|left|The historical municipal market, still an integral part of the municipality]]
===Physical geography===
Cartaxo is located {{convert|50|km|mi}} from Lisbon (its airport is the primary international gateway), and {{convert|15|km|mi}} from the district capital, Santarém, served by many roadways and rail-lines. Direct access by the A1 motorway, its variant the Estrada Nacional E.N. 365-2, to the intersection of the A1 at Aveiras de Cima, also the E.N.3, that crosses the municipality, connecting the area between Carregado and Santarém.

The fields, town and flat-lands, with the river at their feet, make Cartaxo a rich landscape. The municipality is marked by agricultural fields, primarily vineyards, that occupy a large portion of the land. Vine cultivation and wine production has always been linked to the municipality, earning it the title ''Wine Capital'' of the Ribatejo.

===Human geography===
Situated in the heart of the [[Ribatejo]], the municipality of Cartaxo occupies an area of approximately {{convert|160|km2|mi2}}, comprised from the [[Freguesia (Portugal)|civil parishes]] of Cartaxo, Ereira, Lapa, Pontével, Valada, Vale da Pedra, Vale da Pinta and Vila Chã de Ourique.
The municipality is composed of eight parishes, and located in the district of [[Santarém (district)|Santarém]].
{{Div col|2}}
* Cartaxo
* Cartaxo
* Ereira
* Ereira
Line 61: Line 192:
* Vale da Pinta
* Vale da Pinta
* Vila Chã de Ourique
* Vila Chã de Ourique
{{Div col end}}


The municipality is served by the ''Linha Ferroviária do Norte'', with the station at Setil, the most important: it is part of the national rail network connection between the north and south. The rail stations in Santana and Reguengo are also points of departure and ingress to Cartaxo, permitting a level of regional mobility.
== People from Cartaxo ==


====Twin towns — Sister cities====
* [[Marcelino Mesquita]], playwright
* [[José Tagarro]], painter
* [[José Maria Nicolau]], cyclist (1908–1969)
* [[Marco Chagas]], cyclist (born in the parish of Pontével, 1956)
* [[Rui Silva]], olympic athlete (born in Santarém, 1977; raised in Cartaxo)
* The rock band [[Qwentin]] is from Cartaxo (2003).
* The punk rock band [[Defying Control]] is from Cartaxo (2003).

==International relations==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Portugal}}
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Portugal}}
Cartaxo is [[town twinning|twinned]] with:
*{{flagicon|Poland}} '''[[Słupsk]]''', [[Poland]].


==Architecture==
===Twin towns — Sister cities===
===Civic===
* Assembly House of Cartaxo ({{lang-pt|Casa da Assembleia}})
* Bandstand of Cartaxo ({{lang-pt|Coreto do Cartaxo}})
* Bandstand of Pontével ({{lang-pt|Coreto de Pontével}})
* Casa do Povo de Pontével ({{lang-pt|Casa do Povo de Pontével}})
* Fountain of Concha ({{lang-pt|Fonte da Concha/Fontanário da Saramaga}})
* Hospital of the Misericórdia of Cartaxo ({{lang-pt|Hospital da Misericórdia do Cartaxo}})
* Lime Kiln of São Gens ({{lang-pt|Forno de Cal de São Gens}})
* Municipal Culture Centre of Cartaxo ({{lang-pt|Cine-Teatro Municipal do Cartaxo/Cine-Ribatejo/Centro Cultural Município do Cartaxo}})
* Residence of the Countess of Pontével ({{lang-pt|Casa da Condessa de Pontével}})
* Residence of the Camelo Family ({{lang-pt|Casa da Família Camelo/Casa no Largo do Coreto}})
* Residence of Dr. Egas de Azevedo ({{lang-pt|Casa do Dr. Egas de Azevedo}})
* Seniors Home of São João ({{lang-pt|Lar de São João/Lar da Santa Casa da Misericórdia}})


===Religious===
Cartaxo is [[town twinning|twinned]] with:
* Chapel of Nossa Senhora do Desterro ({{lang-pt|Capela de Nossa Senhora do Desterro}})
* Chapel of Santo Cristo ({{lang-pt|Capela do Santo Cristo}})
* Chapel of Senhor dos Passos ({{lang-pt|Capela do Senhor dos Passos}})
* Church of Nossa Senhora da Expectação ({{lang-pt|Igreja Paroquial de Valada/Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Expectação}})
* Church of Nossa Senhora da Purificação ({{lang-pt|Igreja Paroquial de Pontével/Igreja de Nossa Senhora da Purificação}})
* Church of São Bartolomeu ({{lang-pt|Igreja Paroquial de Vale da Pinta/Igreja de São Bartolomeu}})
* Church of São João Baptista ({{lang-pt|Igreja Paroquial do Cartaxo/Igreja de São João Baptista}})
* Church of the Espírito Santo ({{lang-pt|Igreja Paroquial da Ereira/Igreja do Espírito Santo}})
* Cross of Cartaxo ({{lang-pt|Cruzeiro de Cartaxo}})


==Notable citizens==
*{{flagicon|Poland}} '''[[Słupsk]]''', [[Poland]].
* [[Marco Chagas]] (Pontével, 19 November 1956 - ), professional cyclist, four time winner of the [[Volta a Portugal]] in 1982, 1983, 1985 and 1986;
* [[Qwentin]], formed in 2003, is a rock band consisting of Drepopoulos Qwentinsson (bass guitar), Gospodar Qwentinsson (guitar, vocals), Morloch Qwentinsson (samples, keyboards), Qweon Qwentinsson (guitar, vocals) and Bárány Qwentinsson (drums);


==See also==
==See also==
*[[Cartaxo IPR]]
*[[Cartaxo IPR]]

==Families==
*Cartaxo is also a family name, which includes [[Cristina and Guilherme]]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[http://www.cm-cartaxo.pt/ Town Hall official website]


{{Municipalities of Santarém}}
{{Municipalities of Santarém}}

Revision as of 19:08, 6 October 2013

Template:Geobox Cartaxo (Portuguese pronunciation: [kɐɾˈtaʃu]) is a municipality in continental Portugal, with a total area of 158.2 square kilometres (61.1 sq mi) and a total population of 24,465 inhabitants. The urbanized centre of Cartaxo includes a population of over 9,507 inhabitants.[1]

History

The religious procession during the festival of Nossa Senhora da Graça

In the written and oral history, the territory of Cartaxo was an important landscape in the interior passage of the country. A Roman via connected the ancient Olissipo (Lisbon), crossing Alenquer (Lerabriga) to Santarém (Scallabis), through the territory of Cartaxo.[2] Yet, before the Romans, other civilizations settled in the region, establishing castros in Vila Nova de São Pedro, Vale do Tejo or in the areas of Muge.[2]

Situated in the plains of the Ribatejo, Cartaxo was a battleground between Muslim and the Christians. Due to its proximity of Santarém, it was one of the centres that were disputed between Muslim and Christian forces for years, resulting in the destruction of Cartaxo.[2] Yet, King Sancho II of Portugal found that it was necessary to repopulate the area, since it was located in a privileged position with fertile lands.[2] He, therefore, assigned the land of Cartaxinho (today Ribeira do Cartaxo) to Pedro Pacheco, who was responsible for constructing a shelter for the poor: yet, Pedro Pacheco nor his descendants would accomplish the task.[2]

Oral tradition suggests that the name Cartaxo was given to the lands by Queen Elizabeth of Aragon who, on a voyage to the Monastery of Almoster, stopped to rest and quench their thirst. Alongside a spring, she was surprised by the beautiful song a bird, that she was unfamiliar.[2] Asking one of the peasants about the songbird, the serf responded that the song came from a bird called a cartaxos or cartaxinhos. Enchanted by the place, the Queen ordained that the land, then called Lugar da Fonte began to receive the name Lugar do Cartaxo.[2] It is unclear whether there is any truth to this story.

In 1312, Cartaxo received its first foral (charter) signed in Leiria, by King Denis of Portugal, confirmed in 1487, by King John II (in Santarém) and in 1496, by Manuel (also in Santarém). The first foral, issued by Denis on 21 March 1312, was sent to his vassel, Garcia Martins, originating the foundation of the locality of Cartaixo.[2] In this act, Denis exempted the region from taxes for those who grew and cultivated grapes during the first five years of their tenure. Settlers who accepted these land rights were required to trade their concession with an annual submission of an eighth of their produce in wine and linen.[2]

The historical importance of the municipality is supported by events of the Battle of Ourique, which were probably linked to Vila Chã de Ourique (1139), a concession of foral to Pontével, by King Sancho (1194) and the existence of the Royal Palaces of Valada (1361-1365).[2]

In the middle of the 19th century, Cartaxo was one of the more populated areas of Estremadura, in the Comarca of Santarém, with just over 200 inhabitants.[2] Following the death of King John, his testament conceded several honors to his daughter (in 1656).[2] On 10 December 1815, by regal decree from Rio de Janeiro, King John VI conceded its administrative independence, which was followed-up on 21 June 1995 with the elevation of Cartaxo to the status of city.[2]

At the end of the 19th century, owing to the growth of technological innovations, Cartaxo turned the center of wine production, typical of the Vale do Tejo, with many of their wine production exported by ship to Lisbon.[2]

Geography

The scenic landscape of the Tagus valley near the town of Cartaxo
The historical municipal market, still an integral part of the municipality

Physical geography

Cartaxo is located 50 kilometres (31 mi) from Lisbon (its airport is the primary international gateway), and 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the district capital, Santarém, served by many roadways and rail-lines. Direct access by the A1 motorway, its variant the Estrada Nacional E.N. 365-2, to the intersection of the A1 at Aveiras de Cima, also the E.N.3, that crosses the municipality, connecting the area between Carregado and Santarém.

The fields, town and flat-lands, with the river at their feet, make Cartaxo a rich landscape. The municipality is marked by agricultural fields, primarily vineyards, that occupy a large portion of the land. Vine cultivation and wine production has always been linked to the municipality, earning it the title Wine Capital of the Ribatejo.

Human geography

Situated in the heart of the Ribatejo, the municipality of Cartaxo occupies an area of approximately 160 square kilometres (62 sq mi), comprised from the civil parishes of Cartaxo, Ereira, Lapa, Pontével, Valada, Vale da Pedra, Vale da Pinta and Vila Chã de Ourique.

The municipality is composed of eight parishes, and located in the district of Santarém.

  • Cartaxo
  • Ereira
  • Lapa
  • Pontével
  • Valada
  • Vale da Pedra
  • Vale da Pinta
  • Vila Chã de Ourique

The municipality is served by the Linha Ferroviária do Norte, with the station at Setil, the most important: it is part of the national rail network connection between the north and south. The rail stations in Santana and Reguengo are also points of departure and ingress to Cartaxo, permitting a level of regional mobility.

Twin towns — Sister cities

Cartaxo is twinned with:

Architecture

Civic

Religious

Notable citizens

  • Marco Chagas (Pontével, 19 November 1956 - ), professional cyclist, four time winner of the Volta a Portugal in 1982, 1983, 1985 and 1986;
  • Qwentin, formed in 2003, is a rock band consisting of Drepopoulos Qwentinsson (bass guitar), Gospodar Qwentinsson (guitar, vocals), Morloch Qwentinsson (samples, keyboards), Qweon Qwentinsson (guitar, vocals) and Bárány Qwentinsson (drums);

See also

References

  1. ^ Soares, Nuno Pires (2004), IGP (ed.), Uma População Que Se Urbaniza: Uma avaliação recente - Cidades, Instituto Geográfico Português
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Câmara Municipal, ed. (2012), Resenha Histórica (in Portuguese), Câmara Municipal de Cartaxo, retrieved 6 October 2013