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{{Geobox|Building
[[File:Queluz church.JPG|thumb|300px|The campanile and Pousada, Queluz.]]
<!-- *** Heading *** -->
| name = Pousada of D. Maria
| native_name = Pousada de D. Maria
| other_name = Tower of the Clock
| category = [[Inn]]
| native_category = Pousada
<!-- *** Image *** -->
| image = Queluz church.JPG
| image_caption = The southern profile of the
| image_size = 235
<!-- *** Names **** -->
| official_name = Torre do Relógio/Pousada D. Maria I
| etymology = [[Maria II of Portugal]]
| etymology_type = Named for
| nickname =
<!-- *** Symbols *** -->
| flag =
| symbol =
<!-- *** Country *** -->
| country = {{flag|Portugal}}
| state_type = Region
| state = [[Lisboa Region|Lisboa]]
| region_type = Subregion
| region = [[Greater Lisbon]]
| district = [[Lisbon (district)|Lisbon]]
| municipality = [[Sintra Municipality|Sintra]]
<!-- *** Locations *** -->
| location = [[Queluz (Sintra)|Queluz]]
| elevation = 100
| prominence =
| lat_d = 38
| lat_m = 45
| lat_s = 3.23
| lat_NS = N
| long_d = 9
| long_m = 15
| long_s = 27.19
| long_EW = W
<!-- *** Dimensions *** -->
| length = 53.85
| length_orientation = Northwest-Southeast
| width = 35
| width_orientation = Southwest-Northeast
| height =
| depth =
| volume =
| area =
<!-- *** Features *** -->
| author_type = Architects
| author = Manuel Caetano de Sousa
| author1 = Carlos Oliveira Ramos
| style =
| material = Masonry
| material1 = Stonework
| material2 = Marble
<!-- *** History & management *** -->
| established = [[circa|c.1654]]
| established_type = Origin
| established1 = c. 1782
| established1_type = Initiated
| established2 =
| established2_type = Completion
| date =
| date_type =
| owner = Portuguese Republic
<!-- *** Access *** -->
| public = Private
| visitation =
| visitation_date =
| access = ''Largo do Palácio Nacional''
<!-- *** UNESCO etc. *** -->
| whs_name =
| whs_year =
| whs_number =
| whs_region =
| whs_criteria =
| iucn_category =
<!-- *** Free fields *** -->
| free = [[IGESPAR|Instituto Gestão do Patrimonio Arquitectónico e Arqueológico]]
| free_type = Management
| free1 = Grupo Pestana Pousadas
| free1_type = Operator
| free2 = Unclassified
| free2_type = Status
| free3 =
| free3_type = Listing
| free4 =
| free4_type =
| free5 =
| free5_type =
<!-- *** Maps *** -->
| map =
| map_caption = Location of the tower within the municipality of [[Sintra Municipality|Sintra]]
| map_background =
| map_locator =
| map_locator_x =
| map_locator_y =
<!-- *** Website *** -->
| commons =
| website =
<!-- *** Footnotes *** -->
| footnotes =
}}
The '''Pousada of D. Maria''' is part of the [[Pousadas de Portugal]] network of lodgings, housed in the historical servants quarters/annex of the [[Queluz National Palace]], located in the [[freguesia|civil parish]] of [[Queluz (Sintra)|Queluz]] in the [[concelho|municipality]] of [[Sintra Municipality|Sintra]] in the [[Portugal|Portuguese]] sub-region of [[Greater Lisbon]].


The '''Pousada de Dona Maria''' {{cref|pousada}} is a large building in [[Queluz]], [[Portugal]]. It is the focal point of a complex of buildings within the [[precinct]]s of the [[Queluz Palace]]. The edifice is [[Baroque]] in design with an [[ecclesiastical]] appearance due to its five stage [[bell tower]] surmounted by [[floral]] [[finial]]s.<ref>Dynes, p.182</ref> In age it is contemporary with the palace dating from the mid eighteenth century. The tower is visible from many parts of the palace and from certain vantage points appears to be part of the palace itself.
Built in the [[Baroque architecture|Baroque-style]], its five-stage [[bell tower]] provides an [[ecclesiastical]] appearance to the structure, due to surmounted [[floral]] [[finial]]s.<ref>Wayne Dynes (1968), p.182</ref> In age, it is contemporary with the main palace, dating from the mid-18th century. The tower is visible from many parts of the palace and from certain vantage points appears to be part of the palace itself.


==History==
The building, which is such a dominant feature of the [[town square]] onto which the [[cour d'honneur]] of the palace opens, has one wing which is curved to match the [[scroll]]ed walls of the palace forming the cour d'honneur. The pousada was originally intended to house royal servants and the Royal Guard when the Portuguese [[Noble court|royal court]] was in residence at Queluz.<ref>Lowndes, p. 175. Mentions only the building lodging servants.</ref><ref>Pousada de Queluz. Claims the building housed the Royal Guard, with no mention of servants.</ref>
In 1654, the estate of Queluz, which pertained to the Marquess of Castelo Rodrigo, passes into the hands of the Royal Household, and incorporated into the [[Casa do Infantado]].<ref name="SIPA">{{citation|url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=6104 |title=Torre do Relógio/Pousada D. Maria I (PT031111070050) |publisher=SIPA–Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal |language=Portuguese |first=Teresa |last=Vale |first2=Carlos |last2=Gomes |year=1996 |accessdate=27 December 2012}}</ref>


Under the direction of the Infante Peter (later to be [[Peter III of Portugal]] after his marriage to Queen [[Maria I of Portugal|Maria]], in 1747, construction begins on the National Palace of Queluz (which was intead as a summer retreat).<ref name=SIPA/> A long project, around 1758 the remodeling of the palace was under the direction of Mateus Vicente de Oliveira, who was regularly required in Lisbon, to help in the reconstruction of the city. In his place Jean Baptiste Robillon, better known for his work on the palaces gardens, acted in his place.<ref name=SIPA/> In 1782, after Robillon's death, the project at Queluz was placed in the hands of Manuel Caetano de Sousa, with the palace expanded to provide quarters for the Royal Guard, administration, stables and other dependencies, including the ''Torre do Relógio'' (''Tower Clock'').<ref name=SIPA/> The first great leap in construction at Queluz ended with the death of Peter III in 1786.<ref name=SIPA/> The wing was originally intended to house servants and the members of the Royal Guard when the Portuguese [[Noble court|Royal Court]] was in residence at Queluz.<ref name=SIPA/><ref>Susan Lowndes (1969), p.175</ref>
Today the building is a [[hotel]] named after [[Maria I of Portugal]] whose husband [[Pedro III of Portugal|Pedro III]] built the Queluz Palace.<ref>Pousada de Queluz</ref>


A decade later, the Palace was converted into the official residences of the Portuguese Royal family.<ref name=SIPA/>
==Notes==
{{cnote|pousada|The Portuguese word "Pousada" translates to the English equivalent of an [[Inn]]}}
<references/>


On the eve of the Portuguese [[5 October 1910 Revolution|revolution]], King [[Manuel II of Portugal|Manuel II]] ceded the estate to the National Treasury ({{lang-pt|Fazenda Nacional}}).<ref name=SIPA/>
==References==


Around 1924, the spaces contiguous to the clock tower were used as a primary school.<ref name=SIPA/>
*{{cite book
| last = Dynes
| first = Wayne
| year = 1968
| title = Palaces of Europe
| publisher = Paul Hamlyn
| location = London
| id = ISBN
}}


In 1995, the Pousada D. Maria, was installed in the spaces of the tower and ancillary block, after extensive remodeling, under the direction of Carlos Oliveira Ramos.<ref name=SIPA/> The building was named for [[Maria I of Portugal]], whose consort ([[Peter III of Portugal|Peter III]]) initiated the transformation of the small estate into summer palace.<ref name=SIPA/>
*{{cite book

| last = Lowndes
On 20 August 1996, a dispatch was opened to classify the building; on 23 October 2009, the process to classify the structure expired, under terms of the article 78, of Decree 309/2009, Diário da República, Série 1 (206).<ref name=SIPA/>
| first = Susan

| year = 1969
==Architecture==
| title = Great Palaces (Queluz. Pages 174–186) edited by Sacheveral Sitwell
The building, which is a singular feature of the palace's [[cour d'honneur]], includes one wing which is curved to match the opposite lateral wall of the cour d'honneur. The building is isolated to the northeast, across an accessway from the main body of the National Palace and the buildings of the national Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment 1 complex.
| publisher = Hamlyn Publishing Group Ltd

| location = London
The square tower block, was developed along two unequal axis's, resulting in staggered volumes: one surmounting a rectangular space, and the other, a rectangular extension curving slightly to match the cour d'honneur in the southwest palace complex.<ref name=SIPA/> The space is addorsed along its southern extent by another rectangular body, with a two-story structure separated by stony frieze, its parapet decorated by stone pilasters (along the northern, eastern and western facades).<ref name=SIPA/>
| id = ISBN 0-600-01682-X

}}
Visible on the principal (western) elevation is an axis with two overlapping windows.<ref name=SIPA/> The superior body, of the clock tower, includes the clock (on the first register) and four arches for the bells (on the second register).<ref name=SIPA/>
*[http://www.portugalvirtual.pt/pousadas/queluz/index.html Pousada de Queluz] Published by Virtual Portugal. Retrieved 19 December 2007.

==References==
;Notes
{{Reflist|2}}
;Sources
*{{cite book |last = Dynes |first = Wayne |year = 1968 |title = Palaces of Europe |publisher = Paul Hamlyn |location = London |id = ISBN}}
*{{cite book |last = Lowndes |first = Susan |year = 1969 |title = Great Palaces (Queluz. Pages 174–186) edited by Sacheveral Sitwell |publisher = Hamlyn Publishing Group Ltd. |location = London |id = ISBN 0-600-01682-X}}
* {{citation |last=Resende |first=M. de |contribution=Descripção e Recordações Históricas do Paço e Quinta de Queluz |title=O Panorama |volume=XII |location=Lisbon, Portugal |year=1855 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |last=Barbosa |first=Inácio de Vilhena |contribution=Queluz, o Palácio e a Quinta Real |title=Annuario do Archivo Pittoresco |volume=VI |location=Lisbon, Portugal |year=1863 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |last=Pires |first=António Caldeira |title=História do Palácio Nacional de Queluz |location=Coimbra, Portugal |year=1924-26 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |last=Sequeria |first=Gustavo Matos |title=Queluz |location=Porto, Portugal |year=1932 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |last=Azevedo |first=Carlos de |last2=Ferrão |first2=Julieta |last3=Gusmão |first3=Adriano de |title=Monumentos e Edifícios Notáveis do Distrito de Lisboa |volume=II |location=Lisbon, Portugal |year=1963 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |last=França |first=José-Augusto |title=Lisboa Pombalina e o Iluminismo |location=Lisbon, Portugal |year=1983 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |last=Azevedo |first=Carlos de |title=Solares Portugueses |location=Lisbon, Portugal |year=1988 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |last=Oimentel |first=António Filipe |contribution=Palácio de Queluz |editor-last=Pereira |editor-first=José Fernandes |title=Dicionário de Arte Barroca em Portugal |location=Lisbon, Portugal |year=1989 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |last=Gil |first=Júlio |title=Os Mais Belos Palácios de Portugal |location=Lisbon, Portugal |year=1992 |language=Portuguese}}


{{coord missing|Portugal}}
{{Pousadas de Portugal}}


[[Category:Pousadas of Portugal|Queluz]]
[[Category:Pousadas of Portugal|Queluz]]

Revision as of 02:02, 30 December 2012

Template:Geobox The Pousada of D. Maria is part of the Pousadas de Portugal network of lodgings, housed in the historical servants quarters/annex of the Queluz National Palace, located in the civil parish of Queluz in the municipality of Sintra in the Portuguese sub-region of Greater Lisbon.

Built in the Baroque-style, its five-stage bell tower provides an ecclesiastical appearance to the structure, due to surmounted floral finials.[1] In age, it is contemporary with the main palace, dating from the mid-18th century. The tower is visible from many parts of the palace and from certain vantage points appears to be part of the palace itself.

History

In 1654, the estate of Queluz, which pertained to the Marquess of Castelo Rodrigo, passes into the hands of the Royal Household, and incorporated into the Casa do Infantado.[2]

Under the direction of the Infante Peter (later to be Peter III of Portugal after his marriage to Queen Maria, in 1747, construction begins on the National Palace of Queluz (which was intead as a summer retreat).[2] A long project, around 1758 the remodeling of the palace was under the direction of Mateus Vicente de Oliveira, who was regularly required in Lisbon, to help in the reconstruction of the city. In his place Jean Baptiste Robillon, better known for his work on the palaces gardens, acted in his place.[2] In 1782, after Robillon's death, the project at Queluz was placed in the hands of Manuel Caetano de Sousa, with the palace expanded to provide quarters for the Royal Guard, administration, stables and other dependencies, including the Torre do Relógio (Tower Clock).[2] The first great leap in construction at Queluz ended with the death of Peter III in 1786.[2] The wing was originally intended to house servants and the members of the Royal Guard when the Portuguese Royal Court was in residence at Queluz.[2][3]

A decade later, the Palace was converted into the official residences of the Portuguese Royal family.[2]

On the eve of the Portuguese revolution, King Manuel II ceded the estate to the National Treasury (Portuguese: Fazenda Nacional).[2]

Around 1924, the spaces contiguous to the clock tower were used as a primary school.[2]

In 1995, the Pousada D. Maria, was installed in the spaces of the tower and ancillary block, after extensive remodeling, under the direction of Carlos Oliveira Ramos.[2] The building was named for Maria I of Portugal, whose consort (Peter III) initiated the transformation of the small estate into summer palace.[2]

On 20 August 1996, a dispatch was opened to classify the building; on 23 October 2009, the process to classify the structure expired, under terms of the article 78, of Decree 309/2009, Diário da República, Série 1 (206).[2]

Architecture

The building, which is a singular feature of the palace's cour d'honneur, includes one wing which is curved to match the opposite lateral wall of the cour d'honneur. The building is isolated to the northeast, across an accessway from the main body of the National Palace and the buildings of the national Anti-Aircraft Artillery Regiment 1 complex.

The square tower block, was developed along two unequal axis's, resulting in staggered volumes: one surmounting a rectangular space, and the other, a rectangular extension curving slightly to match the cour d'honneur in the southwest palace complex.[2] The space is addorsed along its southern extent by another rectangular body, with a two-story structure separated by stony frieze, its parapet decorated by stone pilasters (along the northern, eastern and western facades).[2]

Visible on the principal (western) elevation is an axis with two overlapping windows.[2] The superior body, of the clock tower, includes the clock (on the first register) and four arches for the bells (on the second register).[2]

References

Notes
  1. ^ Wayne Dynes (1968), p.182
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Vale, Teresa; Gomes, Carlos (1996), SIPA (ed.), Torre do Relógio/Pousada D. Maria I (PT031111070050) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA–Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, retrieved 27 December 2012
  3. ^ Susan Lowndes (1969), p.175
Sources
  • Dynes, Wayne (1968). Palaces of Europe. London: Paul Hamlyn. ISBN.
  • Lowndes, Susan (1969). Great Palaces (Queluz. Pages 174–186) edited by Sacheveral Sitwell. London: Hamlyn Publishing Group Ltd. ISBN 0-600-01682-X.
  • Resende, M. de (1855), "Descripção e Recordações Históricas do Paço e Quinta de Queluz", O Panorama (in Portuguese), vol. XII, Lisbon, Portugal{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Barbosa, Inácio de Vilhena (1863), "Queluz, o Palácio e a Quinta Real", Annuario do Archivo Pittoresco (in Portuguese), vol. VI, Lisbon, Portugal{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Pires, António Caldeira (1924–26), História do Palácio Nacional de Queluz (in Portuguese), Coimbra, Portugal{{citation}}: CS1 maint: date format (link) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Sequeria, Gustavo Matos (1932), Queluz (in Portuguese), Porto, Portugal{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Azevedo, Carlos de; Ferrão, Julieta; Gusmão, Adriano de (1963), Monumentos e Edifícios Notáveis do Distrito de Lisboa (in Portuguese), vol. II, Lisbon, Portugal{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • França, José-Augusto (1983), Lisboa Pombalina e o Iluminismo (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Azevedo, Carlos de (1988), Solares Portugueses (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Oimentel, António Filipe (1989), "Palácio de Queluz", in Pereira, José Fernandes (ed.), Dicionário de Arte Barroca em Portugal (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Gil, Júlio (1992), Os Mais Belos Palácios de Portugal (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

Template:Pousadas de Portugal

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