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{{Multiple issues|orphan =March 2009|unreferenced =November 2007|cleanup =July 2008}}
[[File:Casa de sezim 01.jpg|thumb]]
'''Casa de Sezim''', or '''Casa Grande Paço de Sezim''', is a historical building in [[Nespereira (Guimarães)|Nespereira]], 3 kilometers from the center of [[Guimarães]], [[district of Braga]], in [[Portugal]]. It is classified by [[IPPAR]] as [[Imóvel de Interesse Público]] since 31 January 2003.


{{Geobox|Building
Casa de Sezim entered to the belongings of the actual family in 1376. The House has eight rooms and two suites.
<!-- *** Heading *** -->
By the main entrance can be seen the family shield.
| name = Manor of Sezim
| native_name = Casa Grande/Paço de Sezim
| other_name =
| category = [[Manor house|Manhor]]
| native_category = Casa Grande/Paço
<!-- *** Image *** -->
| image = Casa de sezim 01.jpg
| image_caption = The colourful walled entrance-way to the courtyard of the Manor of Sezim
| image_size = 235
<!-- *** Names **** -->
| official_name =
| etymology = Maria Mendes Serrazinha
| etymology_type = Named for
| nickname =
<!-- *** Symbols *** -->
| flag =
| symbol =
<!-- *** Country *** -->
| country = {{flag|Portugal}}
| state_type = Region
| state = [[Norte Region, Portugal|Norte]]
| region_type = Sub-region
| region = [[Ave Subregion|Ave]]
| district = [[Braga (district)|Braga]]
| municipality = [[Guimarães Municipality|Guimarães]]
<!-- *** Locations *** -->
| location = Nespereira
| elevation = 246
| prominence =
| lat_d = 41
| lat_m = 24
| lat_s = 53.53
| lat_NS = N
| long_d = 8
| long_m = 19
| long_s = 41.70
| long_EW = W
<!-- *** Dimensions *** -->
| length = 41.25
| length_orientation = Northwest-Southeast
| width = 46.50
| width_orientation = Southwest-Northeast
| height =
| depth =
| volume =
| area =
<!-- *** Features *** -->
| author_type = Architects
| author = <nowiki>unknown</nowiki>
| style =
| material = [[Granite]] masonry
| material1 = Wood
| material2 = Tile
<!-- *** History & management *** -->
| established = [[circa|c.]] [[1375]]
| established_type = Origin
| established1 = [[floruit|fl.]] [[1390]]
| established1_type = Initiated
| established2 = 18th century
| established2_type = Completion
| date =
| date_type =
| owner = Portuguese Republic
<!-- *** Access *** -->
| public = Private
| visitation =
| visitation_date =
| access = Estrada Nacional E.N.310 (Guimarães-Porto), detour to [[Nespereira]], following markers to residence
<!-- *** UNESCO etc. *** -->
| whs_name =
| whs_year =
| whs_number =
| whs_region =
| whs_criteria =
| iucn_category =
<!-- *** Free fields *** -->
| free = [[IGESPAR|Instituto Gestão do Patrimonio Arquitectónico e Arqueológico]]
| free_type = Management
| free1 = Casa de Sezim Guest House Lda.
| free1_type = Operator
| free2 =
| free2_type =
| free3 =
| free3_type =
| free4 = [[National Monument]]
| free4_type = Status
| free5 = Port. 443/2006, Série II; DR49, 9 March 2006
| free5_type = Listing
<!-- *** Maps *** -->
| map =
| map_caption = Location of the residence in the municipality of [[Guimarães Municipality|Guimarães]]
| map_background =
| map_locator =
| map_locator_x = 34
| map_locator_y = 85
<!-- *** Website *** -->
| commons = Caza de Sezim
| website = http://www.sezim.pt/en
<!-- *** Footnotes *** -->
| footnotes =
}}
The '''Manor of Sezim''' ({{lang-pt|Casa Grande/Paços de Sezim}}) is an 18th century crested-manor home in the [[freguesia|civil parish]] of [[Nespereira]], in the municipality of [[Guimarães Municipality|Guimarães]], located four kilometres southwest of Guimarães. Although currently known for its famous white wines, it is historically tided to the foundations of the Portuguese kingdom, showing characteristics common to the 15th and, latter, 18th centuries. This includes its complex wallpapers depicting imagery linked to the [[Portuguese Empire]], European history and America.


==History==
HISTORY
It was in 1376, that the residence first entered into the possession of the familial descendents It is recorded that [[Dom (title)|D.]] Maria Mendes Serrazinha<ref>It is believed that the name ''Sezim'' was a derivation of Maria Mendes Serrazinha or ''Serrazim'', later shortened to ''Sezim''.</ref> gave the property to Afonso Martins, a descendent of D. João Freitas (a friend of [[Afonso Henriques]]) for his ''"good works"''. This was first identified in [[vellum]] documents, now permanently held in the house's archive.<ref name="SIPA">{{citation |url=http://www.monumentos.pt/Site/APP_PagesUser/SIPA.aspx?id=1932 |title=Casa Grande/Paço de Sezim (v.PT010308320059) |publisher=SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico |editor=SIPA |location=Lisbon, Portugal|language=Portuguese|first=João |last=Santos |first2=António |last2=Dinis |year=1998 |accessdate=3 April 2012}}</ref><ref name="IGESPAR">{{cite web|url= http://www.igespar.pt/en/patrimonio/pesquisa/geral/patrimonioimovel/detail/72777/ |title= Casa de Sezim |accessdate=2 April 2012 |year=2011 |location=Lisbon, Portugal |publisher=IGESPAR - Instituto de Gestão do Património Arquitectónico e Arqueológico |language=Portuguese |date=27 July 2006 }}</ref>


It was the same Master of Sezim, Afonso Martins who later referred to the residence, when he identified that the grounds included ''"half of the residence tiled, cut granite, a threshing floor and vineyards"'' in 1390.<ref name=SIPA/> A comparable document in 1396 identified the wine of Sezim.<ref name=SIPA/>


In 1451, Afonso Vasques Peixoto, Abbey of [[Igreja de São Romão de Arões|Arões]], instituted the [[Majorat]] of ''Quinta de Sezim'' (''Estate of Sezim'').<ref name=SIPA/>
Casa de Sezim became the ancestral home of the present family in 1376. The original vellum documents still exist and record that Maria Mendes Serrazinha gave Casa de Sezim to Afonso Martins, a descendent of D. João de Freitas, a companion of D. Afonso Henriques, the first king of Portugal. The document states that Casa de Sezim was given to Afonso Martins in recognition of 'as boas obras que dele recebeu e espera receber e por crença que lhe fez' the good work received from him and hope to receive and for his trusting belief.
The beauty of Casa de Sezim is not only in it harmonious lines or the impressive fassade of its majestic entrance, as within its walls hang early XIX century panoramic wallpapers, scenes from both of the new and the old world, of sufficient rarety to have become a motive of international curiosity in recent years.
Casa de Sezim sits in the heart of the Minho, the Garden of Portugal,, near Guimarães, Portugal's first capital.
Guimarães will soon be linked to Oporto and to the Dr. Francisco Sá Carneiro airport, by motorway. It is within easy reach of the City of Braga - The Braccara Augusta of the Romans -, the National Park of Penda-Gerês, and the seaside resorts of Vila do Conde and Póvoa de Varzim.
Visitors can make use of the swimming pool, as well as enjoying walks or horse rides through the surrounding hills in the summer, or simply relax and enjoy a glass of our noted estate bottled wine, but that is another story...


It is likely that in the 17th century the residence was reconstructed: the coat-of-arms over the entrance gate was replaced in 1795.<ref name=SIPA/> At the end of the 18th century, the final arrangement and construction of the Residence of Sezim (the current layout and appearance) was completed by José Alexandre de Freitas do Amaral Castelo Branco.<ref name=SIPA/> This landowner died in 1813.


Between 1830 and 1850, Castelo Branco's son (Manuel) was responsible for the remodelling and partial interior decoration of the residence.<ref name=SIPA/> This included the installation of several paintings, such as panoramic wallpaper with ''"Views of America"''; scences of the Indian sub-continent, designed by P. A. Mongin, from the ''"O Cenário Oriental"'' by Daniel, produced in 1806; and scences from [[Don Quixote]], the [[Battle of Austerlitz]] and the [[Greek War of Independence]] (1825), created by J. Zuber de Rixehim (in 1834) in Alsace.<ref name=SIPA/><ref>Marcus Binney et al. (1987)</ref> From a letter that exists in the family archive, the wallpaper came from Paris and was painted by Auguste Roquemont.<ref name=SIPA/><ref>Sezim benefitted from the work of the artist Roquemont, but necessarily directly by the artist. Roquemont arrived in Portugal in 1828, and executed various works in Porto, Guimarães and vicinty, before dying in 1852.</ref>
==External links==

*[http://www.sezim.pt Official website]
By the female line of succession, the residence came to pass to the Melo Sampaio family, then to the descendents of Pinto Mesquita.<ref name=SIPA/> After his term as diplomat, the later owners began to reside permenantly in Sezim, resulting in improvements to the property, a return of the vineyards and raising of [[Friesian_cow#British_Friesian_Cattle|English Friesian]] milking cattle.<ref name=SIPA/> In fact, Sezim came to the foreground of initiatives to introduce commercial white wine production into the region.<ref name=SIPA/>

On 3 November 1978, in a dispatch, the President of the IPPC ''Instituto Português do Património Cultural'' (''Portuguese Institute for Cultural Patrimony'') opened the process to classify the residence.<ref name=SIPA/> The property-owner initiated public works to benefit the estate's adaption as a tourist residence in 1979.<ref name=SIPA/>

Between 1989 and 1990, there were drastic improvements to the building, as it was being adapted; new roofing was applied to the dependencies, plastering of interior walls and painting of exterior walls was completed, while the southern facade was transformed for tourist use, along with new construction and road identification.<ref name=SIPA/> Following a confirmation of the classification process (on 23 December 1996), the final approval came from the Ministry of Culture ({{lang-pt|Ministro de Cultura}}) on 31 January 2003 (approximately twenty-years after being initiated).<ref name=SIPA/>

==Architecture==
The manor is located in the countryside, isolated and encircled by cultivated fields, orchards and gardens.<ref name=SIPA/><ref name=IGESPAR/> Access to the principal gate is made through a large avenue encircled by oaks and Indian chestnuts.<ref name=IGESPAR/>

The plan follows a "U" shape, consisting of three symmetric bodies enclosed by a principal wall facade acting as armored gate. The granite buildings extend horizontally and are covered by differentiated roof tiling.<ref name=SIPA/><ref name=IGESPAR/> The wall that proceeds the residence, is covered partially by graded-windows topped by a cornice and urn, that flank the main gate, itself topped by a ornate [[cornice]] and a highly embellished ovular coat-of-arms.<ref name=SIPA/><ref name=IGESPAR/> Integrated into this facade symmetrically are the bodies of the residence and chapel, which is on the left facade of the entrance (distinguishable by iron cross surmounting the structure and bellfrey).<ref name=SIPA/><ref name=IGESPAR/>

Beyond this wall is the main residence, consisting of long symmetrical bodies in three wings: the lateral spaces consisting of two floors with tower blocks linked by a central wing of only one floor.<ref name=SIPA/><ref name=IGESPAR/> The central wing opens to the courtyard by small rectangular doors with small, simple windows on the facade.<ref name=IGESPAR/> The principal entrances are made laterally from the tower blocks, proceeded by small staircases.<ref name=SIPA/><ref name=IGESPAR/> The rear facade, oriented to the south, is divided into two floors: the first are the service areas covered in ivy, while the second-floor spaces are covered by a long porch and veranda, separated by thin, iron columns (demonstrating its colonial roots).<ref name=SIPA/><ref name=IGESPAR/>

===Interior===
The interior of the residence is composed of a series of rooms, linked longitudinally, and decorated by wallpaper designs painted by French and Spanish artists.<ref name=IGESPAR/> Among those painted are scenes from the ''"Views of America"'', ''"Indistan"'', ''"Dom Quixote"'', ''"Battle of Austerlitz"'', and the ''Greek War of Independence"''.<ref name=SIPA/><ref name=IGESPAR/>

===Chapel===
The chapel comprises a single [[nave]] and rectangular [[presbytery]] aligned to the similarly rectangular [[sacristy]] (to its left).<ref name=SIPA/> The principal facade is decorated with three pilasters, two with defined corners while the middle one divided into two registers, with cornice, fronted by a countercurved latin cross over decorative figures. In the centre of this arrangement is a bellfrey composed of a Roman arch, flanked by [[pinnacle]]s.<ref name=SIPA/> The main rectangular door is surmounted by a ovular [[oculus]], while on another register are circular oculae flanked by two clocks in stone.<ref name=SIPA/> Along the southern facade of the chapel is the garden, organized in formal beds boxwood and lower terraces, distinguished by arched [[pergola]]s surrounded by pear trees.<ref name=SIPA/>

The interior of the chapel consists of stucco-painted marbling, choir with connecting doors to the sacristy and the inner courtyard, wooden pulpit resting on [[corbel]].<ref name=SIPA/> The rounded, carved [[triumphal arch]] [[valance]] separates the [[chancel]] (also separated by wood grade) from the altar consisting of polychromatic carvings.<ref name=SIPA/>

==References==
;Notes
{{Reflist|2}}
;Sources
* {{citation |last=Azeredo |first=Francisco de |title=Casas Senhoriais Portuguesas |year=1978 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |contribution=Des murs portugais aux papiers peints inestimables |title=Le Figaro |issue=186 |year=1983 |language=French}}
* {{citation |last=Morais |first=Maria Adelaide Pereira |title=Casas Velhas |volume=X |contribution=Casa de Sezim, Separata do Boletim de Trabalhos Históricos |location=Guimarães, Portugal |year=1985 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |contribution=Casa de Sezim, Minho |title=Country Life |date=May 1986}}
* {{citation |title=Guia de Portugal, Entre Douro e Minho |location=Lisbon, Portugal |year=1986 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |last=Binney |first=Marcus |title=Casas Nobres de Portugal |location=Lisbon, Portugal |year=1987 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |last=Craesbeeck |first=Francisco Xavier da Serra |title=Memórias Ressuscita da Província de Entre Douro e Minho no ano de 1726 |volume=1 |location=Ponte de Lima, Portugal |year=1992 |pages=204-205}}
* {{citation |title=Guia de Portugal, Entre Douro e Minho |location=Lisbon, Portugal |year=1986 |language=Portuguese |volume=4 |pages=1231}}
* {{citation |publisher=Associação de Turismo de Habitação |title=Solares de Portugal |location=Ponte de Lima, Portugal |year=1996 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |last=Veiga |first=Paulo G. |contribution=Na Rota do Vinho Verde |title=Notícias Magazine |issue=325 |date=16 August 1998 |pages=58-63 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |last=Binney |first=Marcus |last2=Bowe |first2=Patrick |last3=Sapieha |first3=Nicolas |last4=Venturi |first4=Francesco |title=Casas e Jardins de Portugal |location=Lisbon, Portugal |year=1998 |language=Portuguese}}
* {{citation |last=Osório |first=Helena |contribution=A imponente Casa de Sezim |title=Casas de Portugal |issue=57 |date=May/June 2005 |language=Portuguese}}


{{Braga-geo-stub}}


{{Coord|41|24|53|N|8|19|43|W|display=title}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2010}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Casa De Sezim}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Casa De Sezim}}

Revision as of 18:17, 3 April 2012

Template:Geobox The Manor of Sezim (Template:Lang-pt) is an 18th century crested-manor home in the civil parish of Nespereira, in the municipality of Guimarães, located four kilometres southwest of Guimarães. Although currently known for its famous white wines, it is historically tided to the foundations of the Portuguese kingdom, showing characteristics common to the 15th and, latter, 18th centuries. This includes its complex wallpapers depicting imagery linked to the Portuguese Empire, European history and America.

History

It was in 1376, that the residence first entered into the possession of the familial descendents It is recorded that D. Maria Mendes Serrazinha[1] gave the property to Afonso Martins, a descendent of D. João Freitas (a friend of Afonso Henriques) for his "good works". This was first identified in vellum documents, now permanently held in the house's archive.[2][3]

It was the same Master of Sezim, Afonso Martins who later referred to the residence, when he identified that the grounds included "half of the residence tiled, cut granite, a threshing floor and vineyards" in 1390.[2] A comparable document in 1396 identified the wine of Sezim.[2]

In 1451, Afonso Vasques Peixoto, Abbey of Arões, instituted the Majorat of Quinta de Sezim (Estate of Sezim).[2]

It is likely that in the 17th century the residence was reconstructed: the coat-of-arms over the entrance gate was replaced in 1795.[2] At the end of the 18th century, the final arrangement and construction of the Residence of Sezim (the current layout and appearance) was completed by José Alexandre de Freitas do Amaral Castelo Branco.[2] This landowner died in 1813.

Between 1830 and 1850, Castelo Branco's son (Manuel) was responsible for the remodelling and partial interior decoration of the residence.[2] This included the installation of several paintings, such as panoramic wallpaper with "Views of America"; scences of the Indian sub-continent, designed by P. A. Mongin, from the "O Cenário Oriental" by Daniel, produced in 1806; and scences from Don Quixote, the Battle of Austerlitz and the Greek War of Independence (1825), created by J. Zuber de Rixehim (in 1834) in Alsace.[2][4] From a letter that exists in the family archive, the wallpaper came from Paris and was painted by Auguste Roquemont.[2][5]

By the female line of succession, the residence came to pass to the Melo Sampaio family, then to the descendents of Pinto Mesquita.[2] After his term as diplomat, the later owners began to reside permenantly in Sezim, resulting in improvements to the property, a return of the vineyards and raising of English Friesian milking cattle.[2] In fact, Sezim came to the foreground of initiatives to introduce commercial white wine production into the region.[2]

On 3 November 1978, in a dispatch, the President of the IPPC Instituto Português do Património Cultural (Portuguese Institute for Cultural Patrimony) opened the process to classify the residence.[2] The property-owner initiated public works to benefit the estate's adaption as a tourist residence in 1979.[2]

Between 1989 and 1990, there were drastic improvements to the building, as it was being adapted; new roofing was applied to the dependencies, plastering of interior walls and painting of exterior walls was completed, while the southern facade was transformed for tourist use, along with new construction and road identification.[2] Following a confirmation of the classification process (on 23 December 1996), the final approval came from the Ministry of Culture (Template:Lang-pt) on 31 January 2003 (approximately twenty-years after being initiated).[2]

Architecture

The manor is located in the countryside, isolated and encircled by cultivated fields, orchards and gardens.[2][3] Access to the principal gate is made through a large avenue encircled by oaks and Indian chestnuts.[3]

The plan follows a "U" shape, consisting of three symmetric bodies enclosed by a principal wall facade acting as armored gate. The granite buildings extend horizontally and are covered by differentiated roof tiling.[2][3] The wall that proceeds the residence, is covered partially by graded-windows topped by a cornice and urn, that flank the main gate, itself topped by a ornate cornice and a highly embellished ovular coat-of-arms.[2][3] Integrated into this facade symmetrically are the bodies of the residence and chapel, which is on the left facade of the entrance (distinguishable by iron cross surmounting the structure and bellfrey).[2][3]

Beyond this wall is the main residence, consisting of long symmetrical bodies in three wings: the lateral spaces consisting of two floors with tower blocks linked by a central wing of only one floor.[2][3] The central wing opens to the courtyard by small rectangular doors with small, simple windows on the facade.[3] The principal entrances are made laterally from the tower blocks, proceeded by small staircases.[2][3] The rear facade, oriented to the south, is divided into two floors: the first are the service areas covered in ivy, while the second-floor spaces are covered by a long porch and veranda, separated by thin, iron columns (demonstrating its colonial roots).[2][3]

Interior

The interior of the residence is composed of a series of rooms, linked longitudinally, and decorated by wallpaper designs painted by French and Spanish artists.[3] Among those painted are scenes from the "Views of America", "Indistan", "Dom Quixote", "Battle of Austerlitz", and the Greek War of Independence".[2][3]

Chapel

The chapel comprises a single nave and rectangular presbytery aligned to the similarly rectangular sacristy (to its left).[2] The principal facade is decorated with three pilasters, two with defined corners while the middle one divided into two registers, with cornice, fronted by a countercurved latin cross over decorative figures. In the centre of this arrangement is a bellfrey composed of a Roman arch, flanked by pinnacles.[2] The main rectangular door is surmounted by a ovular oculus, while on another register are circular oculae flanked by two clocks in stone.[2] Along the southern facade of the chapel is the garden, organized in formal beds boxwood and lower terraces, distinguished by arched pergolas surrounded by pear trees.[2]

The interior of the chapel consists of stucco-painted marbling, choir with connecting doors to the sacristy and the inner courtyard, wooden pulpit resting on corbel.[2] The rounded, carved triumphal arch valance separates the chancel (also separated by wood grade) from the altar consisting of polychromatic carvings.[2]

References

Notes
  1. ^ It is believed that the name Sezim was a derivation of Maria Mendes Serrazinha or Serrazim, later shortened to Sezim.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad Santos, João; Dinis, António (1998), SIPA (ed.), Casa Grande/Paço de Sezim (v.PT010308320059) (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal: SIPA – Sistema de Informação para o Património Arquitectónico, retrieved 3 April 2012
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Casa de Sezim" (in Portuguese). Lisbon, Portugal: IGESPAR - Instituto de Gestão do Património Arquitectónico e Arqueológico. 27 July 2006. Retrieved 2 April 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= / |date= mismatch (help)
  4. ^ Marcus Binney et al. (1987)
  5. ^ Sezim benefitted from the work of the artist Roquemont, but necessarily directly by the artist. Roquemont arrived in Portugal in 1828, and executed various works in Porto, Guimarães and vicinty, before dying in 1852.
Sources
  • Azeredo, Francisco de (1978), Casas Senhoriais Portuguesas (in Portuguese)
  • "Des murs portugais aux papiers peints inestimables", Le Figaro (in French), 1983
  • Morais, Maria Adelaide Pereira (1985), "Casa de Sezim, Separata do Boletim de Trabalhos Históricos", Casas Velhas (in Portuguese), vol. X, Guimarães, Portugal{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • "Casa de Sezim, Minho", Country Life, May 1986
  • Guia de Portugal, Entre Douro e Minho (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal, 1986{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Binney, Marcus (1987), Casas Nobres de Portugal (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Craesbeeck, Francisco Xavier da Serra (1992), Memórias Ressuscita da Província de Entre Douro e Minho no ano de 1726, vol. 1, Ponte de Lima, Portugal, pp. 204–205{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Guia de Portugal, Entre Douro e Minho (in Portuguese), vol. 4, Lisbon, Portugal, 1986, p. 1231{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Solares de Portugal (in Portuguese), Ponte de Lima, Portugal: Associação de Turismo de Habitação, 1996
  • Veiga, Paulo G. (16 August 1998), "Na Rota do Vinho Verde", Notícias Magazine (in Portuguese), pp. 58–63
  • Binney, Marcus; Bowe, Patrick; Sapieha, Nicolas; Venturi, Francesco (1998), Casas e Jardins de Portugal (in Portuguese), Lisbon, Portugal{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  • Osório, Helena (May/June 2005), "A imponente Casa de Sezim", Casas de Portugal (in Portuguese) {{citation}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
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