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PKS 0736+017

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PKS 0736+017
The quasar PKS 0736+017.
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
ConstellationCanis Minor
Right ascension07h 39m 18.033s
Declination+01° 37′ 04.618″
Redshift0.189410
Heliocentric radial velocity56,784 km/s
Distance2.453 Gly (752.09 Mpc)
Apparent magnitude (V)16.47
Apparent magnitude (B)16.9
Characteristics
TypeFRSQ
Other designations
3FGL J0739.4+0137, LEDA 2825203, PKS 0736+01, 4FGL J0739.2+0137, QSO B0736+017

PKS 0736+017 is a blazar[1] located in the constellation of Canis Minor. This object is also a highly polarized[2] compact radio quasar.[3] Its source having a radio spectrum, appears to be flat, making it a flat spectrum radio quasar. It has a redshift of (z) 0.189[4] and is hosted in a large elliptical galaxy[5][6] with a half light radius measurement of re = 13 kiloparsecs.[6] The black hole mass in PKS 0736+017 is 7.32+0.89-0.91 x 107 Mʘ based on a full width at half maximum (FWHM) scaling factor and virial relation.[4]

PKS 0736+017 is found violent variable across its electromagnetic spectrum.[7][8] It showed an outburst in December 2001 where its brightness level reached a maximum of 14.90 in the B band, 13.79 in the R band and 14.34 in the V band. The spectral slope remained constant while brightness level showed a sharp decrease by 0.3 magnitude during 4.5 hours.[9]

In 2002, PKS 0736+017 exhibited multiple variability behaviors. During most nights, the quasar was in an optical faint state displaying fluctuations on a small-scale. When observed during three nights, it became more variable and brighter. In its active state, PKS 0736+017 showed a rapid flare followed by quasi-periodic low-amplitude variations. Accompanied by the flare, were complex oscillations that soon continued and clearly shown once the quasar reached its high state. One week later, another flare was observed although not rapid as the first.[3] During the quasar's brighten state, its color variation became redder.[10]

In February 2015, the High Energy Stereoscopic System in Namibia, detected high-energy emission from PKS 0736+017 indicating the presence of a gamma ray flare.[11] Prior in 2014, a near-infrared flare was seen in the quasar.[12] In 2023, renewed gamma ray activity was detected by Large Area Telescope.[13]

The optical domain of PKS 0736+017 shows strong forbidden and permitted emission lines.[9] Not to mention, its broad hydrogen emission lines are known to show significant disparities. Between 1978 and 1980, the H-beta line intensity in PKS 0736+017 decreased by 40 percent, with it increasing by 50 percent between 1985 and 1986. As for its H-gamma line intensity, a large fractional change is seen.[14] In additional, its visible spectrum is found identical to 3C 273, which both quasars have iron, hydrogen and helium permitted lines but no forbidden lines.[15]

References

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  1. ^ D'Ammand, F. (2019-05-01). "Swift follow-up of the flaring blazar PKS 0736+01". The Astronomer's Telegram. 12790: 1. Bibcode:2019ATel12790....1D.
  2. ^ Malkan, M. A.; Moore, R. L. (January 1986). "The ultraviolet excess of quasars. III - The highly polarized quasars PKS 0736 + 017 and PKS 1510 - 089". The Astrophysical Journal. 300: 216. Bibcode:1986ApJ...300..216M. doi:10.1086/163796. ISSN 0004-637X.
  3. ^ a b Clements, S. D.; Jenks, A.; Torres, Y. (July 2003). "PKS 0736+017: A Striking Optical Flare and Intriguing Microvariability". The Astronomical Journal. 126 (1): 37–46. Bibcode:2003AJ....126...37C. doi:10.1086/375456. ISSN 0004-6256.
  4. ^ a b Pandey, Shivangi; Rakshit, Suvendu; Woo, Jong-Hak; Stalin, C S (2022-08-29). "Spectroscopic reverberation mapping of Quasar PKS 0736 + 017: broad-line region and black-hole mass". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 516 (2): 2671–2682. arXiv:2209.01649. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2418. ISSN 0035-8711.
  5. ^ Wright, S. C.; McHardy, I. M.; Abraham, R. G. (1998-04-21). "Host galaxies of the optically violently variable quasars PKS 0736+017, OJ 287 and LB 2136". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 295 (4): 799–812. Bibcode:1998MNRAS.295..799W. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.01248.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
  6. ^ a b Nolan, L.A.; Dunlop, J.S.; Kukula, M.J.; Hughes, D.H.; Boroson, T.; Jimenez, R. (2001). "The ages of quasar host galaxies". Monthly Notices of Royal Astronomical Society. 323 (2): 308–330. arXiv:astro-ph/0002020. Bibcode:2001MNRAS.323..308N. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04174.x.
  7. ^ Ramírez, A.; de Diego, J. A.; Dultzin-Hacyan, D.; González-Pérez, J. N. (October 2004). "The Peculiar Variability of PKS 0736+017". Multiwavelength AGN Surveys. World Scientific: 97–98. Bibcode:2004mas..conf...97R. doi:10.1142/9789812702432_0025. ISBN 978-981-256-049-0.
  8. ^ Ghosh, K.K.; Ramsey, B.D.; Sadun, A.C.; Soundararajaperumal, S. (March 2000). "Optical Variability of Blazars". The Astronomical Journal Supplement Series. 127 (127): 11–26. Bibcode:2000ApJS..127...11G. doi:10.1086/313313.
  9. ^ a b Ramírez, A.; de Diego, J. A.; Dultzin-Hacyan, D.; González-Pérez, J. N. (2004-06-11). "Optical variability of PKS 0736+017" (PDF). Astronomy & Astrophysics. 421 (1): 83–89. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20034449. ISSN 0004-6361.
  10. ^ Clements, S. D. (2002-12-01). "Color Variations of Two Blazars: BL Lac and PKS 0736+017". American Astronomical Society. 201: 11.04. Bibcode:2002AAS...201.1104C.
  11. ^ Cerruti, Matteo; Lenain, Jean-Philippe; Prokoph, Heike (2017-08-16). "H.E.S.S. Discovery of very-high-energy emission from the blazar PKS 0736+017: On the location of the γ-ray emitting region in FSRQS". Proceedings of 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference — PoS(ICRC2017). Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab. p. 627. doi:10.22323/1.301.0627.
  12. ^ Carrasco, L.; Porras, A.; Recillas, E.; Porras, A.; Chabushyan, V.; Carraminana, A.; Mayya, D. (2014-01-01). "NIR Flare of the Quasar PKS0736+017". The Astronomer's Telegram. 5733: 1. Bibcode:2014ATel.5733....1C.
  13. ^ Bernard, Denis (2023-08-01). "Fermi-LAT detection of renewed gamma-ray activity from the FSRQ PKS 0736+01". The Astronomer's Telegram. 16179: 1. Bibcode:2023ATel16179....1B.
  14. ^ Zheng, W.; Burbridge, E. M. (July 1986). "Variation in hydrogen emission lines of the QSO PKS 0736 + 017". The Astrophysical Journal. 306: L67. Bibcode:1986ApJ...306L..67Z. doi:10.1086/184707. ISSN 0004-637X.
  15. ^ Baldwin, Jack A. (March 1975). "The Spectra of 3c 273 and PKS 0736+01". The Astrophysical Journal. 196: L91. Bibcode:1975ApJ...196L..91B. doi:10.1086/181751. ISSN 0004-637X.
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