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List of Jewish mathematicians

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This list of Jewish mathematicians includes mathematicians and statisticians who are or were verifiably Jewish or of Jewish descent. In 1933, when the Nazis rose to power in Germany, one-third of all mathematics professors in the country were Jewish, while Jews constituted less than one percent of the population.[1] Jewish mathematicians made major contributions throughout the 20th century and into the 21st, as is evidenced by their high representation among the winners of major mathematics awards: 27% for the Fields Medal, 30% for the Abel Prize, and 40% for the Wolf Prize.[2][3]: V13:678 

A

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B

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C

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D

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E

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F

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G

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H

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I

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J

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K

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L

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M

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N

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Emmy Noether

O

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P–Q

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R

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S

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T–U

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V

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W

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X–Z

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See also

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References

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  2. ^ "Jews in Mathematics". Jinfo.org. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Skolnik, Fred, ed. (2007). Encyclopaedia Judaica (2 ed.). Detroit: Thomson Gale. ISBN 978-0-02-865928-2.
  4. ^ Glasner, Ruth (2013). "Hebrew Translations in Medieval Christian Spain: Alfonso of Valladolid Translating Archimedes?". Aleph. 13 (2): 185–199. doi:10.2979/aleph.13.2.185. JSTOR 10.2979/aleph.13.2.185. S2CID 170622114.
  5. ^ Public Domain Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Abigdor, Abraham (called also Bonet ben Meshullam ben Solomon)". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
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  7. ^ "Samson Abramsky". Jewish Lives Project. Jewish Museum London. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  8. ^ Parr, Molly (26 January 2015). "Four Questions with Amir Aczel, Mathematician and Author". Jewish Boston.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am Kromberg, Lazar. "Jewish Mathematicians". JewProm. Retrieved 17 July 2018.
  10. ^ Doll, Richard (2004). "Adelstein, Abraham Manie [Abe]". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/74126. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  11. ^ Public Domain Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Afendopolo, Caleb b. Elijah b. Judah". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  12. ^ Gutwirth, Eleazar (2009). "Jewish Bodies and Renaissance Melancholy: Culture and the City in Italy and the Ottoman Empire". In Diemling, Maria; Veltri, Giuseppe (eds.). The Jewish Body: Corporeality, Society, and Identity in the Renaissance and Early Modern Period. Leiden: Koninklijke Brill. pp. 57–92. ISBN 978-90-04-16718-6.
  13. ^ Koren, Nathan (1973). Jewish Physicians: A Biographical Index. Jerusalem: Israel Universities Press. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-7065-1269-4.
  14. ^ Ferre, Lola (2010). "Albalia, Isaac ben Barukh". In Stillman, Norman A. (ed.). Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World. Brill Publishers.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Jewish Recipients of the Frank Nelson Cole Prizes in Algebra and Number Theory". Jinfo.org. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  16. ^ Public Domain Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Alcan, Félix". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  17. ^ Public Domain Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Abbas, Samuel Abu Naṣr". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  18. ^ a b c d e Siegmund-Schultze, Reinhard (2009). Mathematicians Fleeing from Nazi Germany: Individual Fates and Global Impact. Princeton University Press. ISBN 9780691140414.
  19. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Shimshon Avraham Amitsur.
  20. ^ Public Domain Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Anatolio, Jacob ben Abba Mari ben Simson". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  21. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Aldo Andreotti.
  22. ^ Chang, Kenneth (11 June 2010). "Vladimir Arnold Dies at 72; Pioneering Mathematician". The New York Times.
  23. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Siegfried Heinrich Aronhold.
  24. ^ Wahid, Abu N. M. (2002). Frontiers of Economics: Nobel Laureates of the Twentieth Century. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Publishing. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-313-32073-6.
  25. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Michael Artin.
  26. ^ Sarfatti, Michele (2006). The Jews in Mussolini's Italy: From Equality to Persecution. Translated by Tedeschi, John and Anne C. Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press. p. 168. ISBN 978-0-299-21730-3.
  27. ^ Public Domain Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Ascoli, Giulio". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  28. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Guido Ascoli.
  29. ^ "Notes". Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society. 51 (11): 868–873. 1945. doi:10.1090/s0002-9904-1945-08465-1.
  30. ^ Badge, Peter (20 October 2008). "Prof. Dr. Robert J. Aumann". Nobels: Nobel Laureates photographed by Peter Badge. Wiley. ISBN 978-3-527-40816-0.
  31. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Louis Auslander.
  32. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Maurice Auslander.
  33. ^ Hirsch, Pam (1 March 2009). "Hertha Ayrton". Jewish Women: A Comprehensive Historical Encyclopedia. Brookline, Massachusetts: Jewish Women's Archive.
  34. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Reinhold Baer.
  35. ^ Balas, Edith (2010). Bird in Flight: Memoir of a Survivor and Scholar. Pittsburgh: Carnegie Mellon University Press. ISBN 978-0887485381.
  36. ^ Strazny, Philip, ed. (2005). "Bar-Hillel, Yehoshua" (PDF). Encyclopedia of Linguistics. Vol. 1. New York: Fitzroy Dearborn. pp. 124–126. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 July 2013. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  37. ^ a b c Katz, Victor (2016). "The Mathematical Cultures of Medieval Europe". History and Pedagogy of Mathematics. Montpellier.
  38. ^ "Ruth Barcan Marcus: Professor of Logic and Metaphysics, 1921–2012". Jewish Women's Archive. 2012.
  39. ^ "Valentine Bargmann". Biographical Memoirs, Vol. 76. National Academy Press. 1999. pp. 37–50. ISBN 978-0-309-06434-7.
  40. ^ Public Domain Gottheil, Richard (1902). "Bashyazi, Moses ben Elijah". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 2. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. p. 575.
  41. ^ Bass, Hyman (1999). "A Professional Autobiography". In Lam, Tsit-Yuan; Magid, Andy R. (eds.). Algebra, K-Theory, Groups, and Education: On the Occasion of Hyma Bass's 65th Birthday. Contemporary Mathematics. Vol. 243. Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-8218-1087-3.
  42. ^ "Laurence Baxter". Jewish Lives Project. Jewish Museum London. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  43. ^ Stonehill, Charles Archibald (1940). The Jewish Contribution to Civilization. p. 23.
  44. ^ a b c d "Jewish Recipients of the Wolf Prize in Mathematics". Jinfo.org. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  45. ^ Robert S. Roth, ed. (1986). The Bellman Continuum: A Collection of the Works of Richard E. Bellman. World Scientific. ISBN 9789971500900.
  46. ^ Public Domain Gottheil, Richard; Broydé, Isaac (1901–1906). "Kalonymus ben Kalonymus ben Meïr". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  47. ^ Public Domain Singer, Isidore; Schloessinger, Max (1901–1906). "Isaac ben Moses Eli (ha-Sefaradi)". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  48. ^ a b c d e Public Domain Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Mathematics". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  49. ^ Langermann, Y. Tzvi (2000). "Some Remarks on Judah Ben Solomon Ha-Cohen and his Encyclopedia, Midrash ha-Ḥokhmah". In Harvey, Steven (ed.). The Medieval Hebrew Encyclopedias of Science and Philosophy. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp. 371–389. doi:10.1007/978-94-015-9389-2_17. ISBN 978-90-481-5428-9.
  50. ^ Moseley, Caroline (23 November 1998). "Whatever I am now, it happened here". Princeton Weekly Bulletin. Princeton University. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  51. ^ Sven-Erik., Rose (2014). Jewish philosophical politics in Germany, 1789/1848. Waltham, Massachusetts. ISBN 9781611685787. OCLC 890067750.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  52. ^ Mikhail Shifman, ed. (2007). Felix Berezin, The Life and Death of the Mastermind of Supermathematics. Singapore: World Scientific. ISBN 978-981-270-532-7. Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 15 July 2018.
  53. ^ Goldman, Marshall I. (2007). Gitelman, Zvi Y.; Ro'i, Yaacov (eds.). "Putin and the Jewish Oligarchs: Prejudice or Politics?". Revolution, Repression, and Revival: The Soviet Jewish Experience. Rowman & Littlefield: 274.
  54. ^ "Jewish Recipients of the IEEE Claude E. Shannon Award in Information Theory". Jinfo.org. Retrieved 10 April 2019.
  55. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Stefan Bergman.
  56. ^ Moore, G. N. (1970–1990). Bernays, Paul Isaac. New York. Bernays came from a distinguished German-Jewish family of scholars and businessmen. His great-grandfather, Isaac ben Jacob Bernays, chief rabbi of Hamburg, was known for both strict Orthodox views and modern educational ideas. His grandfather, Louis Bernays, a merchant, traveled widely before helping to found the Jewish community in Zurich, while his great-uncle, Jacob Bernays, was a Privatdozent at the University of Bonn. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |work= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  57. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Runes, Dagobert D. (1951). The Hebrew Impact on Western Civilization. New York: Philosophical Library. ISBN 978-1-5040-1296-6.
  58. ^ Fasanelli, F. D. (1987). "Dorothy Lewis Bernstein". In Grinstein, Louise S.; Campbell, Paul J. (eds.). Women of Mathematics: A Bio-Bibliographic Sourcebook. New York: Greenwood Press. pp. 17–20. ISBN 978-0-313-24849-8.
  59. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Felix Bernstein; "Felix Bernstein came from a Jewish family of academics who strongly influenced the direction which his interests took."
  60. ^ "A Refugee at Harvard – Harvard's Scientific Minds: Soviet Researcher Joins the Math Department". The Harvard Crimson. 25 February 1983.
  61. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Sergei Natanovich Bernstein.
  62. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Lipman Bers.
  63. ^ Pinl, Max (1964). "In Memory of Ludwig Berwald" (PDF). Scripta Mathematica. 27 (3): 193–203. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
  64. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m James, Ioan M. (2009). Driven to Innovate: A Century of Jewish Mathematicians and Physicists. Peter Lang. ISBN 978-1-906165-22-2.
  65. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Joan Sylvia Lyttle Birman.
  66. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Zygmunt Wilhelm Birnbaum.
  67. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Max Black.
  68. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, André Bloch.
  69. ^  Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Block, Maurice". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  70. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Lenore Blum.
  71. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Ludwig Otto Blumenthal.
  72. ^ Mayer, Paul Yogi (2004). Jews and the Olympic Games: Sport—A Springboard for Minorities. London: Vallentine Mitchell. ISBN 978-0-85303-451-3.
  73. ^ Pontryagin, L. C. (1998). Жизнеописание [Memoirs] (in Russian). Moscow. p. 214.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  74. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Carl Wilhelm Borchardt.
  75. ^ Born, G. V. R. (2002). "The wide-ranging family history of Max Born". Notes and Records of the Royal Society. 56 (2): 219–262. doi:10.1098/rsnr.2002.0180. S2CID 72026412.
  76. ^ Public Domain Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Moses Botarel Farissol". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  77. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Salomon Bochner.
  78. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Hermann Bondi.
  79. ^ Ben-Menahem, Ari (2009). Historical Encyclopedia of Natural and Mathematical Sciences. Springer Verlag
  80. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Valentina Mikhailovna Borok.
  81. ^ a b c Rogovoy, Seth (13 March 2015). "The Secret Jewish History of Pi". The Forward.
  82. ^ Atiyah, Michael (2007). "Raoul Harry Bott (24 September 1923 – 20 December 2005)". Biographical Memoirs of Fellows of the Royal Society. 53: 63–76. doi:10.1098/rsbm.2007.0006.
  83. ^ "Soviet dissidents: Another taken" (PDF). Nature. 288. 20 November 1980.
  84. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Nikolai Dmetrievich Brashman.
  85. ^ Carmichael, Richard D. (1986). "Alfred Brauer: Teacher, mathematician, and developer of libraries". Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society. 102 (3): 88–106.
  86. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Richard Dagobert Brauer.
  87. ^ Karpel, Dalia (18 April 2002). "Oh my love, comely as Jerusalem". Haaretz.
  88. ^ Lord Fisher of Camden (1976). Brodetsky: Leader of the Anglo-Jewish Community. Leeds: Leeds University Press.
  89. ^ Garson, Sue. "Rita Bronowski: godmother to the avant garde". San Diego Jewish Journal. Archived from the original on 27 May 2006.
  90. ^ Lin, Thomas (20 December 2016). "Remembering Felix Browder, A Nonlinear Genius in a Nonlinear World". The New Yorker. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  91. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, William Browder.
  92. ^ Hill, Ted (2017). Pushing Limits: From West Point to Berkeley & Beyond. Providence: American Mathematical Society. p. 242. ISBN 9781470435844. LCCN 2016050916. Leonid was barred from teaching at a regular university in the Soviet Union because of his Jewish ancestry.
  93. ^ a b c d e Morrow, Charlene; Perl, Teri, eds. (1998). Notable Women in Mathematics, a Biographical Dictionary. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press. ISBN 978-0-313-29131-9.
  94. ^ Yandell, Benjamin H. (2001). The Honors Class: Hilbert's Problems and Their Solvers. Boca Raton: CRC Press. p. 138. ISBN 978-1-5688-1216-8.
  95. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Hersh, Reuben (2010). "Under-Represented Then Over-Represented: A Memoir of Jews in American Mathematics" (PDF). The College Mathematics Journal. 41 (1): 2–9. doi:10.4169/074683410x475065. JSTOR 10.4169/074683410x475065/. S2CID 120020203.
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  97. ^ Tannery, Paul (1934). Mémoires Scientifique 13, Correspondance. Paris: Gauthier-Villars. p. 306. Er ist aber in Kopenhagen geboren, von israelitischen Eltern, die der dortigen portugisischen Judengemeinde. ([His father] was born in Copenhagen of Jewish parents from the local Portuguese-Jewish community.)
  98. ^ Public Domain Singer, Isodore; Chessin, Alexander S. (1901–1906). "Cantor, Moritz". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  99. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Leonard Carlitz.
  100. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Moshe (Ehezkel) Carmeli.
  101. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Emma Castelnuovo.
  102. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Guido Castelnuovo.
  103. ^ Cauer, Emil; Mathis, Wolfgang; Pauli, Rainer (June 2000). Life and Work of Wilhelm Cauer (1900–1945) (PDF). Fourteenth International Symposium of Mathematical Theory of Networks and Systems. Perpignan.
  104. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Herman Chernoff.
  105. ^ a b Richard, Preston (2 March 1992). "The Mountains of Pi". The New Yorker. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  106. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Paul Joseph Cohen; "Paul Cohen's parents, Abraham and Minnie Cohen, were Jewish immigrants to the United States from their native land of Poland."
  107. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Jacob Willem Cohen.
  108. ^ "Professor Paul Cohn: Mathematician who devoted himself to algebra". The Times. 29 June 2006. p. 64. Retrieved 16 July 2018.
  109. ^ Public Domain Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Comtino, Mordecai ben Eliezer". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  110. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Jacob Lionel Bakst Cooper.
  111. ^ Sadosky, Cora, ed. (1990). "Mischa Cotlar: A Biography". Analysis and Partial Differential Equations: A Collection of Papers Dedicated to Mischa Cotlar. Lecture Notes in Pure and Applied Mathematics. Vol. 122. Boca Raton: CRC Press. p. xv. ISBN 978-1-138-44182-8.
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  113. ^ Siegel-Itzkovich, Judy (23 May 2010). "Mixing Torah and flour". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  114. ^ Cox, D. R. (2004). "Daniels, Henry Ellis". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/74126. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  115. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, David van Dantzig.
  116. ^ Albers, Donald J.; Alexanderson, Gerald L.; Reid, Constance, eds. (1990). "George B. Dantzig". More Mathematical People. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. pp. 60–79. ISBN 978-0-15-158175-7.
  117. ^ Jackson, Allyn (September 2007). "Interview with Martin Davis" (PDF). Notices of the American Mathematical Society. 55 (5). Providence, Rhode Island: American Mathematical Society (published May 2008): 560–571. ISSN 0002-9920. OCLC 1480366.
  118. ^ "Alexander Philip Dawid". Jewish Lives Project. Jewish Museum London. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  119. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Bergmann, Birgit; Epple, Moritz; Ungar, Ruti, eds. (2012). Transcending Tradition: Jewish Mathematicians in German Speaking Academic Culture. Translated by Bernhart, Susanne; von Boeckmann, Staci; Grentz, Nicole; Ross, Stefani. Springer Verlag. ISBN 978-3-642-22463-8.
  120. ^ Assaf, David (2010). Untold Tales of the Hasidim: Crisis & Discontent in the History of Hasidism. Translated by Ordan, Dena. Waltham: Brandeis University Press. p. 241. ISBN 978-1-58465-861-0.
  121. ^ Public Domain Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Delmedigo, Joseph Solomon (YaShaR = Joseph Solomon Rofe)". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  122. ^ a b c d e f g h Rubinstein, William D.; Jolles, Michael; Rubinstein, Hilary L., eds. (2011). The Palgrave Dictionary of Anglo-Jewish History. Palgrave Macmillan.
  123. ^ de Bruyn, Dieter; van Heuckelom, Kris (2009). (Un)masking Bruno Schulz: New Combinations, Further Fragmentations, Ultimate Reintegrations. Rodopi. p. 423. ISBN 978-9042026940.
  124. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Nathan Joseph Harry Divinsky.
  125. ^ Eugene, Dynkin (2 June 1989). "Interview with Roland L'vovich Dobrushin" (PDF) (Interview). Ithaca, NY.
  126. ^ Handwerk, Agnes; Willems, Harrie (2007). Wolfgang Doeblin: A mathematician rediscovered. Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-3-540-71960-1.
  127. ^ Bulmer-Thomas, Ivor (1970–1990). Domninus of Larissa. New York. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |work= ignored (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  128. ^ Netz, Reviel (1998). "The First Jewish Scientist?*". Scripta Classica Israelica. 17: 27–33.
  129. ^ a b c d e "Jewish Recipients of the Fields Medal in Mathematics". Jinfo.org. Retrieved 29 June 2018.
  130. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Vladimir Gershonovich Drinfeld.
  131. ^ Ramsden, Edmund (December 2003). "Social Demography and Eugenics in the Interwar United States". Population and Development Review. 29 (4): 547–593. doi:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2003.00547.x. JSTOR 1519699.
  132. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Aryeh Dvoretzky.
  133. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Eugene Borisovich Dynkin.
  134. ^ Public Domain Gottheil, Richard; Seligsohn, M. (1901–1906). "Eberlen, Abraham ben Judah". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  135. ^ Erbahar, Aksel (2010). Stillman, Norman A. (ed.). Ishak Efendi, Hoca. {{cite encyclopedia}}: |journal= ignored (help)
  136. ^ "Efron to Speak on Baseball, Shakespeare, and Modern Statistical Theory". Joint Mathematics Meetings 2007. American Mathematical Society. 2007.
  137. ^ Sharp, Byron (2014). "Ehrenberg, Andrew Samuel Christopher". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/102699. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  138. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Tatiana Ehrenfest-Afanassjewa.
  139. ^ Naedele, Walter F. (5 September 2010). "Eliezer 'Leon' Ehrenpreis, 80, rabbi, Temple mathematician". The Philadelphia Inquirer.
  140. ^ Public Domain Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Eichenbaum, Jacob". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  141. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Samuel Eilenberg.
  142. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Ferdinand Gotthold Max Eisenstein.
  143. ^ Ellenberg, Jordan [@JSEllenberg] (21 June 2020). "I am Jewish and I truly did not know there were non-Jews out there who don't recognize these as Yiddish words. Fascinating!" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
  144. ^ "Emanuël Lodewijk Elte". Joods Monument. Amsterdam: Joods Cultureel Kwartier. 16 March 1881.
  145. ^ Stoilow, Simion (1955). David Emmanuel, 1854–1941. Bucharest: Editura Academiei Republicii Populare Romîne.
  146. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Federigo Enriques.
  147. ^ "Dr. Bernard Epstein (Obituary)". The Washington Post. 3 April 2005.
  148. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Paul Epstein.
  149. ^ DuMond, Jesse W. M. (1974). "Paul Sophus Epstein" (PDF). Biographical Memoirs. Vol. 45. Washington D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. pp. 127–152. ISBN 978-0-309-02239-2.
  150. ^ "Arthur Erdélyi". Jewish Lives Project. Jewish Museum London. Retrieved 2 July 2018.
  151. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Paul Erdős.
  152. ^ Carroll, Maureen T.; Rykken, Elyn (2018). Geometry: The Line and the Circle. American Mathematical Society. p. 336.
  153. ^ Patai, Raphael (1996). The Jewish Mind. Wayne State University Press. p. 170. ISBN 0-8143-2651-X.
  154. ^ Public Domain Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Farkas, Gyula (Julius)". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  155. ^ "Jewish Recipients of the Wolf Prize in Physics". Jinfo.org. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
  156. ^ Scott, Leonard; Solomon, Ronald; Thompson, John; Walter, John; Zelmanov, Efim. "Walter Feit (1930–2004)" (PDF). Notices of the American Mathematical Society. 52 (7): 728–735.
  157. ^ Mikolás, Miklós (1970–1980). "Fejér, Lipót". Dictionary of Scientific Biography. Vol. 4. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons. pp. 561–2. ISBN 978-0-684-10114-9.
  158. ^ Rogosinski, W. W. (1958). "Obituary: Michael Fekete". Journal of the London Mathematical Society. Second Series. 33 (4): 496–500. doi:10.1112/jlms/s1-33.4.496. ISSN 0024-6107. MR 0100535.
  159. ^ Audin, Michèle (2007). "Publier sous l'Occupation I. Autour du cas de Jacques Feldbau et de l'Académie des sciences" (in French). arXiv:0711.0447 [math.HO].
  160. ^ Zubrinic, Darko (2006). "William Feller (1906–1970)". Croatianhistory.net. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
  161. ^ Riddle, Larry (2016). "Kate Sperling Fenchel". Biographies of Women Mathematicians. Agnes Scott College.
  162. ^ Kiselman, Christer (2016). "Werner Fenchel: A pioneer in convexity theory" (PDF). p. 13.
  163. ^ Public Domain Singer, Isidore; et al., eds. (1901–1906). "Finzi". The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.
  164. ^ "Dr. Irene Nekhama Fischer". Geni.com. 2018.
  165. ^ a b c Fraenkel, Abraham A. (2016). Cohen-Mansfield, Jiska (ed.). Recollections of a Jewish Mathematician in Germany. Translated by Brown, Allison. Birkhäuser. ISBN 978-3-319-30845-6.
  166. ^ Henderson, Andrea K., ed. (2004). "Abraham Adolf Fraenkel" (PDF). Encyclopedia of World Biography Supplement. Vol. 23. Detroit: Thomson Gale. ISBN 978-0-7876-5285-2. The son of Sigmund and Charlotte (Neuberger) Fraenkel, he was strongly influenced by his orthodox Jewish heritage.
  167. ^ Fraenkel, Shaula (2001). "Aviezri Fraenkel: A Brief Biography". The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics. 8 (2). doi:10.37236/1596.
  168. ^ "在日ユダヤ人論序説－ピーター・フランクルを通して考える「日本」－". Livedoor Blog (in Japanese). 31 January 2014. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
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  535. ^ Przeniosło, Małgorzata (2011). "Powstanie i rozwój warszawskiej szkoły matematycznej w dwudziestoleciu międzywojennym" [The Origins and Development of the Warsaw School of Mathematics During the Interwar Period]. Przegląd Historyczny (in Polish). 102 (2). Archived from the original on 22 February 2014. Retrieved 1 July 2018.
  536. ^ "Life Begins at 80". Weizmann Wonder Wander. Weizmann Institute of Science. 27 September 2012.
  537. ^ Freudenthal, Gad (2007). "Hebrew Medieval Science in Zamość ca. 1730: The Early Years of Rabbi Israel ben Moses Halevy of Zamość". In Fontaine, Resianne; Schatz, Andrea; Zwiep, Irene (eds.). Sepharad in Ashkenaz: Medieval Learning and Eighteenth-Century Enlightened Jewish Discourse. Amsterdam. pp. 25–67.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  538. ^ Parikh, Carol (2014). The Unreal Life of Oscar Zariski. Academic Press. p. 1. ASIN B01DUEBQSC.
  539. ^ Kimberling, Clark (1998). "Edouard Zeckendorf" (PDF). Fibonacci Quarterly. 36 (5): 416–418.
  540. ^ O'Connor & Robertson, Leo Zippin.
  541. ^ Public Domain Seligsohn, M. (1901–1906). "Zuriel, Moses ben Samuel". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. New York: Funk & Wagnalls.

Sources

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