List of Eastern Pacific tropical storms

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Tropical Storm Agatha, one of the deadliest and most destructive Eastern Pacific tropical storms, off the coast of Guatemala on May 29, 2010.

Tropical storms are tropical cyclones with 1-minute sustained winds between 34–63 knots (39–72 mph; 63–117 km/h). Tropical cyclones that attain such winds and make landfall while maintaining that intensity are capable of causing minor to moderate damage to human lives and infrastructure. Since 1949, at least 490 systems have peaked at tropical storm intensity in the Eastern Pacific basin, which is denoted as the part of the Pacific Ocean north of the equator and east of the International Date Line. This list does not include storms that also attained Category 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 status on the Saffir–Simpson scale.

There are a plethora of factors that influence tropical cyclogenesis, the formation of tropical cyclones, in the Northeastern Pacific. The North Pacific High and Aleutian Low which occur from December to April, produce strong upper-level winds which prevent the formation of tropical cyclones. During the summer and early autumn months, sea surface temperatures are generally warm enough to support tropical cyclone development in the Northeast Pacific, and perhaps even rapid intensification. Additionally, El Niño events cause more powerful hurricanes to form by generating weaker wind shear and higher sea surface temperatures, while La Niña events reduce the number of such hurricanes by doing the opposite.

Background[edit]

A tropical cyclone achieves tropical storm status when it possesses maximum sustained winds between 34 knots (39 mph; 63 km/h; 17 m/s) and 63 knots (72 mph; 117 km/h; 32 m/s).[1] The National Hurricane Center (NHC) takes sustained winds to be the average wind speed measured over the period of one minute at the height of 10 metres (33 ft) above the ground.[2] Should a tropical storm make landfall, it has the potential to cause minor to moderate damage to human infrastructure, with debris carried by the winds capable of bringing injury or death to humans and animals.[1]

The Northeast Pacific tropical cyclone basin is defined as the region of the Pacific Ocean north of the equator and east of the International Date Line. The Northeast Pacific is further divided into two sub-basins, namely the east and central Pacific. The east Pacific runs east of the 140th meridian west, and tropical cyclones occurring there are warned upon by the National Hurricane Center, the current Regional Specialized Meteorological Center (RSMC) for that area. The central Pacific, running from the 140th meridian west to the International Date Line, currently has the Central Pacific Hurricane Center as its RSMC.[3] Tropical cyclones are generally much rarer in the central Pacific than in the east Pacific, with an average of just four to five storms forming or moving into the central Pacific compared to around 15 for the east Pacific.[4][5] All tropical cyclones recorded by past and present RSMCs of the Northeast Pacific basin since 1949 are listed in the Northeast and North Central Pacific hurricane database (HURDAT), which is compiled and maintained by the National Hurricane Center.[6][7]

Climatology[edit]

Before 1970, tropical cyclones within the Northeast Pacific were classified into three categories: tropical depression, tropical storm, and hurricane; these were assigned intensities of 30 mph (50 km/h), 50 mph (80 km/h), and 85 mph (135 km/h) respectively. Exceptions to these rules would be storms that affected humans and as such humans were able to measure or estimate wind speeds or pressure data.[6][7] Hurricane season in the Northeast Pacific tropical cyclone basin begins on May 15 in the east Pacific and June 1 in the central Pacific, and ends on November 30.[8] Since 1949, a total of 490 tropical storms have developed in the Northeast Pacific basin.[7]

The formation and development of tropical cyclones, termed tropical cyclogenesis, requires high sea surface temperatures of at least 26.5 °C (79.7 °F) and low vertical wind shear. When these conditions are met, a pre-existing tropical disturbance – usually a tropical wave – can develop into a tropical cyclone, provided the disturbance is far enough from the Equator to experience a sufficiently strong Coriolis force which is responsible for the counterclockwise rotation of hurricanes in the Northern Hemisphere.[9] During the winter and spring months of December to April, sea surface temperatures in the tropics are usually too low to support development. Also, the presence of a semi-permanent high-pressure area known as the North Pacific High in the eastern Pacific greatly suppresses formation of tropical cyclones in the winter, as the North Pacific High results in vertical wind shear that causes environmental conditions to be unconducive to tropical cyclone formation. Another factor preventing tropical cyclones from forming during the winter is the presence of a semi-permanent low-pressure area called the Aleutian Low between January and April. Its effects in the central Pacific near the 160th meridian west cause tropical waves that form in the area to drift northward into the Gulf of Alaska and dissipate or become extratropical. Its retreat in late-April allows the warmth of the Pacific High to meander in, bringing its powerful clockwise wind circulation with it. The Intertropical Convergence Zone departs southward in mid-May permitting the formation of the earliest tropical waves,[10] coinciding with the start of the eastern Pacific hurricane season on May 15.[8] During summer and autumn, sea surface temperatures rise further to reach near 29 °C (84 °F) in July and August, well above the 26.5 °C (79.7 °F) threshold for tropical cyclogenesis. This allows for hurricanes developing during that time to strengthen significantly.[10]

The El Niño–Southern Oscillation also influences the frequency and intensity of hurricanes in the Northeast Pacific basin. During years with the existence of an El Niño event, sea surface temperatures increase in the Northeast Pacific and average vertical wind shear decreases, resulting in an increase in activity; the opposite happens in the Atlantic basin during El Niño, where increased wind shear creates an unfavorable environment for tropical cyclone formation.[11] Contrary to El Niño, La Niña increases wind shear and decreases sea surface temperatures over the eastern Pacific, while reducing wind shear and increasing sea surface temperatures over the Atlantic.[10]

Within the Northeast Pacific, tropical cyclones generally head west out into the open Pacific Ocean, steered by the westward trade windss. Closer to the end of the season, however, some storms are steered northwards or northeastwards around the subtropical ridge nearer the end of the season, and may bring impacts to the western coasts of Mexico and occasionally even Central America. In the central Pacific basin, the North Pacific High keeps tropical cyclones away from the Hawaiian Islands by forcing them southwards.[10] Combined with cooler waters around the Hawaiian Islands that tend to weaken approaching tropical cyclones, this makes direct impacts on the Hawaiian Islands by tropical cyclones rare.[12]

Systems[edit]

Key
  • † Discontinuous duration (weakened below tropical storm then restrengthened to that classification at least once)
  • ‡ Intensified past tropical storm intensity after exiting basin
  • # Storm made landfall, see below for further information
  • § Pressure listed was not at peak intensity[nb 1]

1949–1959[edit]

Name Dates as a
tropical storm[nb 2] 		Duration
(hours) 		Sustained
wind speeds 		Pressure Areas affected Deaths Damage
(USD)[nb 3] 		Refs
Overall reference for name, dates, duration, winds and pressure:[7]

1960–1969[edit]

Name Dates as a
tropical storm[nb 2] 		Duration
(hours) 		Sustained
wind speeds 		Pressure Areas affected Deaths Damage
(USD)[nb 3] 		Refs
Overall reference for name, dates, duration, winds and pressure:[7]

1970–1979[edit]

Name Dates as a
tropical storm[nb 2] 		Duration
(hours) 		Sustained
wind speeds 		Pressure Areas affected Deaths Damage
(USD)[nb 3] 		Refs
Overall reference for name, dates, duration, winds and pressure:[7]

1980–1989[edit]

Name Dates as a
tropical storm[nb 2] 		Duration
(hours) 		Sustained
wind speeds 		Pressure Areas affected Deaths Damage
(USD)[nb 3] 		Refs
Carmen April 4–9, 1980 90 50 mph (85 km/h) Unknown None
Overall reference for name, dates, duration, winds and pressure:[7]

1990–1999[edit]

Name Dates as a
tropical storm[nb 2] 		Duration
(hours) 		Sustained
wind speeds 		Pressure Areas affected Deaths Damage
(USD)[nb 3] 		Refs
Cristina July 2–3, 1996 42 70 mph (110 km/h) 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) Southern Mexico# 13 Un­known [14][15]
Elida September 2–5, 1996 78 65 mph (100 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Baja California Peninsula 6 Minimal [16][17]
Genevieve September 28–October 8, 1996† 114 50 mph (85 km/h) 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) None — [18]
Andres June 2–6, 1997 90 50 mph (85 km/h) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Mexico, El Salvador, Nicaragua# 4 Minimal [19]
Blanca June 10–11, 1997 48 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Mexico — Minimal [20]
Carlos June 25–27, 1997 36 50 mph (85 km/h) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) None — — [21]
Hilda August 11–14, 1997 60 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [22]
Ignacio August 17–18, 1997 18 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg) California, Pacific Northwest — Minimal [23]
Oliwa September 3–4, 1997 30 40 mph (65 km/h)‡ 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None — — [24]
Kevin September 4–6, 1997 48 65 mph (100 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None — — [25]
Marty September 14–15, 1997 36 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None — — [26]
Olaf September 25–28, 1997 54 70 mph (110 km/h) 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) Mexico, El Salvador, Guatemala# 18 Un­known [27][28]
Paka December 2–7, 1997 108 65 mph (100 km/h)‡ 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) None — — [24]
Agatha June 13–15, 1998 60 65 mph (100 km/h) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) None — — [29]
Celia July 17–20, 1998 66 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Revillagigedo Islands, California — Un­known [30]
Frank August 8–9, 1998 36 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,001 hPa (29.56 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Southwestern United States (Arizona) 3 — [31][32]
Javier September 7–13, 1998† 78 60 mph (95 km/h) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Revillagigedo Islands, Southwestern Mexico# — Un­known [33]
Calvin July 25–26, 1999 24 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg) None — — [34]
Fernanda August 18–20, 1999 72 65 mph (100 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Socorro Island — — [35]
Irwin October 8–10, 1999 54 60 mph (95 km/h) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) Southwestern Mexico (Guerrero) — Minimal [36]
Overall reference for name, dates, duration, winds and pressure:[7]

2000–2009[edit]

Name Dates as a
tropical storm[nb 2] 		Duration
(hours) 		Sustained
wind speeds 		Pressure Areas affected Deaths Damage
(USD)[nb 3] 		Refs
Bud June 13–16, 2000 72 50 mph (85 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Revillagigedo Islands, Baja California Peninsula — Minimal [37]
Upana July 20–22, 2000 48 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,006 hPa (29.71 inHg) None — — [38]
Emilia July 26–29, 2000 72 65 mph (100 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Clarion Island, Revillagigedo Islands — — [39]
Fabio August 4–5, 2000 48 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [40]
Ileana August 14–16, 2000 66 70 mph (110 km/h) 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Northwestern Mexico — — [41]
Wene August 16–17, 2000 36 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None — — [38]
John August 28–31, 2000 84 70 mph (110 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None — — [42]
Kristy September 2, 2000 18 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None — — [43]
Miriam September 16, 2000 12 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Northwestern Mexico, Baja California — $558 thousand [44][45]
Norman September 20–21, 2000 18 50 mph (85 km/h) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Southwestern Mexico, Arizona, Texas# 9 $13.3 million [45][46][47]
Olivia October 3–9, 2000 150 65 mph (100 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Southwestern United States — — [48]
Paul October 26–27, 2000 36 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,003 hPa (29.62 inHg) Hawaii — $70 million [49][50]
Rosa November 5–8, 2000 72 65 mph (100 km/h) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) Southwestern Mexico, Central America# — $15 thousand [45][51]
Barbara June 20–22, 2001 48 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Hawaiian Islands — — [52]
Cosme July 13–14, 2001 30 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Socorro Island — — [53]
Erick July 21–23, 2001 42 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,001 hPa (29.56 inHg) None — — [54]
Henriette September 5–8, 2001 78 65 mph (100 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None — — [55]
Ivo September 11–14, 2001 72 50 mph (85 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Southwestern Mexico, Baja California Peninsula — — [56]
Lorena October 2–4, 2001 48 65 mph (100 km/h) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) Southwestern Mexico (Guerrero) — Minimal [57]
Manuel October 11–17, 2001† 90 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) None — — [58]
Boris June 9–10, 2002 42 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Southwestern Mexico — Minimal [59]
Cristina July 12–15, 2002 78 65 mph (100 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None — — [60]
Alika August 25–26, 2002 48 65 mph (100 km/h) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None — — [61]
Genevieve August 27–30, 2002 84 70 mph (110 km/h) 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) None — — [62]
Iselle September 16–19, 2002 90 70 mph (110 km/h) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Baja California Peninsula — Minimal [63]
Julio September 25–26, 2002 24 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Southwestern Mexico# 3 Minimal [64][65]
Lowell October 23–29, 2002† 78 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Hawaii — — [66]
Andres May 20–25, 2003 120 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) None — — [67]
Blanca June 17–20, 2003 72 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) None — — [68]
Carlos June 26–27, 2003 24 65 mph (100 km/h) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) Southwestern Mexico# 9 $8 million [69][70][71][72]
Dolores July 6, 2003 12 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg) None — — [73]
Enrique July 11–13, 2003 54 65 mph (100 km/h) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) None — — [74]
Felicia July 18–20, 2003 48 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [75]
Guillermo August 8–11, 2003 84 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) None — — [76]
Hilda August 10–11, 2003 42 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None — — [77]
Kevin September 4, 2003 6 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [78]
Agatha May 22–23, 2004 36 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Revillagigedo Islands, Clarion Island, Southwestern Mexico — — [79]
Blas July 12–14, 2004 48 65 mph (100 km/h) 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) Northwestern Mexico, Baja California Peninsula, Southwestern United States — — [80]
Estelle August 20–22, 2004 66 70 mph (110 km/h) 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) None — — [81]
Georgette August 26–30, 2004 84 65 mph (100 km/h) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None — — [82]
Kay October 5, 2004 12 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None — — [83]
Lester October 12–13, 2004 18 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Southwestern Mexico — — [84]
Beatriz June 22–23, 2005 36 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [85]
Calvin June 26–28, 2005 42 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Southwestern Mexico — Minimal [86]
Dora July 4–5, 2005 36 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Southwestern Mexico — Minimal [87]
Eugene July 18–20, 2005 48 70 mph (110 km/h) 989 hPa (29.21 inHg) Baja California Peninsula 1 Minimal [88][89]
Greg August 11–14, 2005 78 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [90]
Irwin August 26–27, 2005 48 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Southwestern Mexico — — [91]
Lidia September 17–18, 2005 24 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg) None — — [92]
Norma September 23–26, 2005 78 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) None — — [93]
Aletta May 27–29, 2006 48 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Southwestern Mexico — Minimal [94]
Emilia July 22–27, 2006 126 65 mph (100 km/h) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Southwestern and Western Mexico, Baja California Peninsula, Southwestern United States — — [95]
Fabio August 1–2, 2006 48 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [96]
Gilma August 1–2, 2006 18 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None — — [97]
Miriam September 16–18, 2006 42 45 mph (75 km/h) 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) None — — [98]
Norman October 9–10, 2006 30 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Southwestern and Western Mexico — — [99]
Olivia October 10–11, 2006 30 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [100]
Rosa November 9, 2006 18 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None — — [101]
Alvin May 29–30, 2007 30 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,003 hPa (29.62 inHg) None — — [102]
Barbara May 30–June 2, 2007† 72 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Southwestern Mexico# 4 $55 million [103][104][105]
Dalila July 24–27, 2007 78 60 mph (95 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Baja California Sur, Jalisco, Socorro Island 11 Minimal [106][107]
Erick July 1, 2007 24 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None — — [108]
Gil August 29–31, 2007 54 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,001 hPa (29.56 inHg) Western Mexico 1 Minimal [109][110]
Juliette September 29–October 1, 2007 60 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) None — — [111]
Kiko October 16–22, 2007† 138 70 mph (110 km/h) 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) Western Mexico 15 — [112][113]
Alma May 29–30, 2008 24 65 mph (100 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Central America# 11 $35 million [114][115][116][117][118]
Cristina June 28–30, 2008 48 50 mph (85 km/h) 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) None — — [119]
Douglas July 2–3, 2008 30 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,003 hPa (29.62 inHg) Northwestern Mexico, Baja California Peninsula — — [120]
Kika August 7–10, 2008 78 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,007 hPa (29.74 inHg) None — — [121]
Iselle August 13–15, 2008 54 50 mph (85 km/h) 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) None — — [122]
Julio August 23–25, 2008 54 50 mph (85 km/h) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Northwestern Mexico, Baja California Sur, Sinaloa, Arizona# 2 $1 million [123][124][125][126]
Karina September 2, 2008 12 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Socorro Island — — [127]
Lowell September 7–10, 2008 78 50 mph (85 km/h) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Northwestern Mexico, Baja California Peninsula, Southwestern United States# 6 $15.5 million [128][129]
Odile October 9–12, 2008 72 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, Southwestern Mexico — Minimal [130]
Polo November 3–4, 2008 48 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None — — [131]
Blanca July 6–8, 2009 48 50 mph (85 km/h) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Western Mexico, California — Minimal [132]
Dolores July 15–16, 2009 30 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Clarion Island — — [133]
Lana July 30–August 2, 2009 72 65 mph (100 km/h) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None — — [134]
Enrique August 4–6, 2009 72 65 mph (100 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None — — [135]
Maka August 11, 2009 12 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,008 hPa (29.77 inHg) None — — [136]
Hilda August 22–26, 2009 102 65 mph (100 km/h) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None — — [137]
Ignacio August 25–27, 2009 54 50 mph (85 km/h) 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) None — — [138]
Kevin August 29–31, 2009 36 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [139]
Marty September 16–18, 2009 54 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None — — [140]
Nora September 23–24, 2009 42 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) None — — [141]
Olaf October 1–3, 2009 36 45 mph (75 km/h) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) Baja California Peninsula — — [142]
Patricia October 12–14, 2009 54 60 mph (95 km/h) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Northwest Mexico — Minimal [143]
Overall reference for name, dates, duration, winds and pressure:[7]

2010–2019[edit]

Name Dates as a
tropical storm[nb 2] 		Duration
(hours) 		Sustained
wind speeds 		Pressure Areas affected Deaths Damage
(USD)[nb 3] 		Refs
Agatha May 29–30, 2010 24 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,001 hPa (29.56 inHg) Southwestern Mexico (Chiapas), Central America (Guatemala)# 204 $1.11 billion [144][145][146]
Blas June 17–20, 2010 84 65 mph (100 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) None — — [147]
Estelle August 6–9, 2010 78 65 mph (100 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Southwestern Mexico, Western Mexico, Northwestern Mexico — — [148]
Georgette September 20–21, 2010 30 40 mph (65 km/h) 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Northwestern Mexico# 1 Minimal [149][150]
Omeka December 20–21, 2010 30 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Hawaii — — [151]
Fernanda August 16–19, 2011 84 70 mph (115 km/h) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) None — — [152]
Aletta May 15–17, 2012 54 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [153]
Hector August 11–15, 2012 90 50 mph (85 km/h) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Western Mexico, Baja California Peninsula — Minimal [154]
John September 2–3, 2012 36 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Baja California Peninsula — Minimal [155]
Kristy September 12–16, 2012 102 60 mph (95 km/h) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Baja California Peninsula — Minimal [156]
Norman September 28–29, 2012 24 50 mph (85 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Western Mexico, Baja California Peninsula, Northwestern Mexico, Texas# 1 Minimal [157][158]
Olivia October 6–8, 2012 54 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) None — — [159]
Rosa October 30–November 3, 2012 96 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,001 hPa (29.56 inHg) None — — [160]
Alvin May 15–17, 2013 36 60 mph (95 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [161]
Flossie July 25–29, 2013 114 70 mph (110 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Hawaii — $24 thousand [162][163]
Pewa August 16–18, 2013 48 65 mph (100 km/h)‡ 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [164]
Unala August 19, 2013 6 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg) None — — [165]
Ivo 23–24 August 2013 48 45 mph (75 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Western United States 1 $30 thousand [166][167]
Juliette 28–29 August 2013 42 65 mph (100 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Western Mexico, Baja California Peninsula, Northwestern Mexico# 1 Minimal [168][169]
Lorena September 5–7, 2013 48 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Western Mexico, Baja California Peninsula — Minimal [170]
Narda October 7–8, 2013 48 65 mph (100 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) None — — [171]
Octave October 13–15, 2013 60 65 mph (100 km/h) 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Northwestern Mexico# — Minimal [172]
Priscilla October 14–15, 2013 36 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,001 hPa (29.56 inHg) None — — [173]
Sonia November 3–4, 2013 35 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Northwestern Mexico# — Minimal [174]
Boris June 3–4, 2014 18 45 mph (75 km/h) 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) Southwestern Mexico, Guatemala 6 $54.1 million [175][176][177][178]
Douglas June 30–July 5, 2014 126 50 mph (85 km/h) 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) None — — [179]
Elida June 30–July 1, 2014 42 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Western Mexico — Un­known [180]
Fausto July 7–8, 2014 30 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None — — [181]
Wali July 17–18, 2014 24 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,003 hPa (29.62 inHg) None — — [182]
Trudy October 17–18, 2014 30 65 mph (100 km/h) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Southwestern Mexico# 9 >$12.3 million [183][184][185][186][187]
Ela July 8–9, 2015 36 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None — — [188]
Halola July 11–12, 2015 48 60 mph (95 km/h)‡ 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) None — — [189]
Iune July 11–12, 2015 24 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None — — [190]
Enrique July 13–17, 2015 102 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [191]
Felicia July 23, 2015 12 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None — — [192]
Kevin September 1–5, 2015 84 60 mph (95 km/h) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Baja California Peninsula, Southwestern United States — — [193]
Malia September 21–22, 2015 42 50 mph (85 km/h) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Hawaii — — [194]
Niala September 25–28, 2015 78 65 mph (100 km/h) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Hawaii — — [195]
Nora October 10–14, 2015 102 70 mph (110 km/h) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) None — — [196]
Rick November 19–22, 2015 66 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None — — [197]
Agatha July 2–4, 2016 48 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None — — [198]
Estelle July 16–21, 2016 144 70 mph (110 km/h) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) None — — [199]
Howard August 1–3, 2016 54 60 mph (95 km/h) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Hawaii — — [200]
Ivette August 3–8, 2016 80 60 mph (95 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [201]
Javier August 7–9, 2016 54 65 mph (100 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Western Mexico, Northwestern Mexico, Baja California Peninsula# — Minimal [202]
Kay August 19–23, 2016 96 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [203]
Roslyn September 26–28, 2016 72 50 mph (85 km/h) 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) None — — [204]
Tina 13–14 November 2016 24 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Western Mexico — — [205]
Otto November 25–26, 2016 26.5 70 mph (110 km/h) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) None (after crossover) — — [206]
Adrian May 10, 2017 24 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None — — [207]
Beatriz June 1–2, 2017 24 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,001 hPa (29.56 inHg) Southwestern Mexico# 7 $10 million [208][209][210]
Calvin June 12–13, 2017 12 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Southwestern Mexico, Guatemala# — $3.88 million [211][212]
Greg July 18–25, 2017 180 60 mph (95 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [213]
Jova August 11–12, 2017 24 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,003 hPa (29.62 inHg) Western Mexico — — [214]
Lidia August 30–September 2, 2017 78 65 mph (100 km/h) 986 hPa (29.12 inHg) Western Mexico, Baja California Peninsula, Arizona, California# 20 $36.1 million [215][216][217]
Pilar September 23–25, 2017 42 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Western Mexico — Minimal [218]
Ramon October 4, 2017 18 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Southern Mexico — — [219]
Selma October 27–28, 2017 30 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Nicaragua, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras# 17 Un­known [220][221]
Carlotta June 15–17, 2018 48 65 mph (100 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Southwestern Mexico 3 Un­known [222][223][224]
Daniel June 24–25, 2018 30 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None — — [225]
Emilia June 27–30, 2018 48 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) None — — [226]
Gilma July 26–27, 2018 24 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg) None — — [227]
Ileana August 5–7, 2018 48 65 mph (100 km/h) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) Western Mexico, Baja California Sur 8 ≥$737 thousand [228][229][230][231]
Kristy August 7–11, 2018 114 70 mph (110 km/h) 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) None — — [232]
Paul September 9–11, 2018 54 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None — — [233]
Tara October 15–16, 2018 42 65 mph (100 km/h) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Southwestern Mexico — Minimal [234]
Vicente October 19–23, 2018 84 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, Southwestern Mexico# 16 $7.05 million [235][236]
Xavier November 3–6, 2018 72 65 mph (100 km/h) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) Southwestern Mexico — — [237]
Cosme July 6–7, 2019 36 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,001 hPa (29.56 inHg) None — — [238]
Dalila July 23–24, 2019 24 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg) Panama, Costa Rica, Nicaragua — — [239]
Gil August 3–4, 2019 12 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,006 hPa (29.71 inHg) None — — [240]
Henriette August 12–13, 2019 24 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,003 hPa (29.62 inHg) None — — [241]
Ivo August 21–24, 2019 78 70 mph (110 km/h) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Clarion Island — — [242]
Akoni September 5–6, 2019 24 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,003 hPa (29.62 inHg) None — — [243]
Mario September 18–23, 2019 120 70 mph (110 km/h) 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) None — — [244]
Narda September 29-October 1, 2019 54 50 mph (85 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) None — — [245]
Ema October 12–14, 2019 42 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,003 hPa (29.62 inHg) None — — [246][247]
Octave October 18–19, 2019 42 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,006 hPa (29.71 inHg) None — — [248]
Priscilla October 20–21, 2019 24 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,003 hPa (29.62 inHg) None — — [249]
Raymond November 15–18, 2019 54 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,001 hPa (29.56 inHg) Southern California, Arizona — Minimal [250]
Overall reference for name, dates, duration, winds and pressure:[7]

2020–present[edit]

Name Dates as a
tropical storm[nb 2] 		Duration
(hours) 		Sustained
wind speeds 		Pressure Areas affected Deaths Damage
(USD)[nb 3] 		Refs
Amanda May 31, 2020 4 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,003 hPa (29.62 inHg) Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Mexico 40 $250 million [251]
Boris July 24–25, 2020 12 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg) None — — [252]
Cristina July 7–12, 2020 132 70 mph (110 km/h) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) None — — [253]
Fausto August 16–17, 2020 12 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) California — — [254]
Hernan August 26–28, 2020 54 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,001 hPa (29.56 inHg) Southwest Mexico, Baja California Peninsula 1 Unknown [255]
Iselle August 26–30, 2020 84 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) Clarion Island — — [256]
Julio September 5–7, 2020 48 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Southwest Mexico — — [257]
Karina September 13–16, 2020 84 60 mph (95 km/h) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) None — — [258]
Lowell September 21–25, 2020 96 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,001 hPa (29.56 inHg) None — — [259]
Norbert October 5–8, 14, 2020 72 60 mph (95 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) Socorro Island — — [260]
Odalys November 3–5, 2020 48 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [261]
Polo November 17–19, 2020 42 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None — — [262]
Andres May 9–10, 2021 24 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg) Southwestern Mexico — — [263]
Blanca May 30–June 2, 2021 42 60 mph (95 km/h) 998 hPa (29.47 inHg) None — — [264]
Carlos June 12–14, 2021 36 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [265]
Dolores June 18–19, 2021 30 70 mph (110 km/h) 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) Southwestern Mexico, Western Mexico 3 $50 million [266]
Guillermo July 17–19, 2021 54 60 mph (95 km/h) 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) Revillagigedo Islands — — [267]
Jimena August 5–6, 2021 30 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg) None — — [268]
Ignacio August 1–2, 2021 12 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) Revillagigedo Islands — — [269]
Kevin August 7–11, 2021 102 60 mph (95 km/h) 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) Revillagigedo Islands — — [270]
Marty August 23–24, 2021 24 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None — — [271]
Terry November 7–10, 2021 19 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,006 hPa (29.71 inHg) Panama, Costa Rica None Minimal
Sandra November 7–9, 2021 24 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg) None None None
Celia June 17–28, 2022† 174 65 mph (100 km/h) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) Central America 1 Unknown
Georgette July 27–31, 2022 96 60 mph (95 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) None None None
Ivette August 15, 2022 12 40 mph (65 km/h) 1,005 hPa (29.68 inHg) Clarion Island None None
Javier September 1–4, 2022 48 50 mph (85 km/h) 999 hPa (29.50 inHg) Revillagigedo Islands, Baja California Sur Unknown None
Lester September 16–17, 2022 36 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) Southwestern Mexico Unknown 1
Madeline September 17–20, 2022 60 65 mph (100 km/h) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) Southwestern Mexico Unknown 3
Newton September 21–25, 2022 66 65 mph (100 km/h) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) Southwestern Mexico Unknown None
Paine October 3–5, 2022 42 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,004 hPa (29.65 inHg) None None None
Julia October 9–10, 2022 24 45 mph (75 km/h) 993 hPa (29.32 inHg) Central America, Southwestern Mexico Unknown None
Eugene August 5–7, 2023 70 mph (110 km/h) 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) None None None [272]
Greg August 14–17, 2024 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None None None [273]
Irwin August 27–29, 2023 40 mph (65 km/h) 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) None None None
Kenneth September 19–22, 2023 50 mph (85 km/h) 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) None None None
Max October 8–10, 2023 65 mph (100 km/h) 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) Southwestern Mexico, Gulf Coast of the United States 2 $10 million [274][275]
Pilar October 30– November 5, 2023 60 mph (95 km/h) 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua 4 $45 million [276]
Ramon November 23–26, 2023 45 mph (75 km/h) 1,002 hPa (29.59 inHg) None None None
Overall reference for name, dates, duration, winds and pressure:[7]

Landfalls[edit]

Landfalls by month
Month Number of storms
May
0
June
0
July
0
August
0
September
0
October
0
November
0
Name Year Tropical storm Tropical depression Refs
Andres 1997 – San Salvador, El Salvador (June 7) [19]
Olaf 1997 – Oaxaca state (September 29), Colima state (October 12) [27]
Javier 1998 – Jalisco state (September 14) [33]
Norman 2000 Michoacán state (September 20) Sinaloa state (September 22) [46]
Rosa 2000 Oaxaca state (November 8) – [51]
Julio 2002 Michoacán state (September 26) – [64]
Carlos 2003 Oaxaca state (June 27) – [69]
Barbara 2007 Chiapas state (June 2) – [103]
Alma 2008 Leon, Nicaragua (May 29) – [114]
Julio 2008 Baja California Sur state (August 25) – [123]
Lowell 2008 Baja California Sur state (September 7) – [128]
Agatha 2010 Champerico, Guatemala (May 30) – [144]
Georgette 2010 Baja California Sur state (September 21) Sonora state (September 22) [149]
Norman 2012 – Sinaloa state (September 29) [157]
Juliette 2013 Baja California Sur state (August 29) – [168]
Octave 2013 Baja California Sur state (October 15) – [172]
Sonia 2013 Sonora state (November 4) – [174]
Trudy 2014 Guerrero state (October 18) – [183]
Javier 2016 Baja California Sur state (August 9) – [202]
Beatriz 2017 Oaxaca state (June 2) – [208]
Calvin 2017 Oaxaca state (June 13) – [211]
Lidia 2017 Baja California Sur state (September 1 and 2) – [215]
Selma 2017 Playa El Pimental, El Salvador (October 28) – [220]
Vicente 2018 – Michoacán state (October 23) [235]
Narda 2019 Michoacán and Jalisco states (September 29 and October 1) – [277]
Priscilla 2019 Colima state (October 20) – [278]
Amanda 2020 Guatemala (May 31) – [251]
Dolores 2021 Colima/Michoacán (June 19) – [266]
Julia 2022 El Salvador (October 10) –
Max 2023 Guerrero (October 9) –

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ Prior to 1988 for the Eastern Pacific and 2001 for the Central Pacific, pressure data was only able from direct measurements by reconnaissance aircraft that penetrated the storm or reports from ships and land-based weather stations, or estimates derived from satellite imagery.[13] Should any reading or estimate be available, the lowest is listed below.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Dates are given in Coordinated Universal Time.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h All damage values are in USD of their respective years.

References[edit]

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  241. ^ Stewart, Stacy R. (8 October 2019). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Henriette (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  242. ^ Brown, Daniel P. (7 November 2019). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Ivo (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 6 April 2020.
  243. ^ Ballard (September 5, 2019). Tropical Storm Akoni Discussion Number 7. www.nhc.noaa.gov (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 20, 2019.
  244. ^ Robbie J. Berg (November 7, 2019). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Mario (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 6, 2020.
  245. ^ Eric S. Blake (November 15, 2019). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Narda (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 7, 2020.
  246. ^ Jon Jelsema (October 12, 2019). Tropical Storm Ema Discussion Number 1 (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 20, 2019.
  247. ^ Jon Jelsema (October 14, 2019). Post-Tropical Cyclone Ema Discussion Number 8 (Report). Central Pacific Hurricane Center. Retrieved October 14, 2019.
  248. ^ John L. Beven II (January 24, 2020). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Octave (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 7, 2020.
  249. ^ Stacy R. Stewart (December 9, 2019). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Priscilla (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 7, 2020.
  250. ^ Daniel P. Brown (January 13, 2020). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Raymond (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 7, 2020.
  251. ^ a b Robbie Berg (September 10, 2020). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Amanda (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 2, 2020.
  252. ^ Eric Blake (January 13, 2021). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Boris (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved February 4, 2021.
  253. ^ Jack Beven and Christopher Landsea (November 13, 2020). Tropical Storm Cristina (EP052020) (PDF) (Report). Tropical Cyclone Report. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 23, 2020.
  254. ^ Eric Blake (February 10, 2021). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Fausto (EP112020) (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 18, 2021.
  255. ^ John L. Beven II (March 17, 2021). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Hernan (EP132020) (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 18, 2021.
  256. ^ Stacy R. Stewart (February 1, 2021). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Iselle (EP142020) (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 18, 2021.
  257. ^ Daniel P. Brown (January 20, 2021). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Julio (EP152020) (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 18, 2021.
  258. ^ Andy S. Latto (January 29, 2021). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Karina (EP162020) (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 18, 2021.
  259. ^ John P. Cangialosi (December 2, 2020). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Lowell (EP172020) (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 18, 2021.
  260. ^ Eric S. Blake (March 15, 2021). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Norbert (EP192020) (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 18, 2021.
  261. ^ Richard J. Pasch (April 13, 2021). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Odalys (EP202020) (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 18, 2021.
  262. ^ John L. Beven II (March 17, 2021). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Polo (EP212020) (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 18, 2021.
  263. ^ Stacy R. Stewart (June 30, 2021). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Andres (EP012021) (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  264. ^ Tropical Storm Blanca Advisory Archive (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. May 30, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  265. ^ Tropical Storm Carlos Advisory Archive (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. June 12, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  266. ^ a b Tropical Storm Dolores Advisory Archive (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. June 18, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  267. ^ Robbie Berg (August 15, 2021). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Guillermo (EP072021) (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  268. ^ Tropical Storm Jimena Advisory Archive (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. July 30, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  269. ^ Tropical Storm Ignacio Advisory Archive (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. August 1, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  270. ^ Tropical Storm Kevin Advisory Archive (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. August 7, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  271. ^ Tropical Storm Marty Advisory Archive (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. August 23, 2021. Retrieved September 11, 2021.
  272. ^ Kelly, Larry (November 14, 2023). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Eugene (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 16, 2023.
  273. ^ Kelly, Larry (November 8, 2023). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Greg (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved November 8, 2023.
  274. ^ Robbie Berg (January 11, 2024). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Max (EP162023) (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida, United States: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved January 12, 2024.
  275. ^ Adriana Covarrubias (October 9, 2023). "Aumentan a 180 mdp las pérdidas de comerciantes por apagones" [Merchants' losses due to blackouts increase to 180 million pesos]. El Sol de Acapulco (in Mexican Spanish). Retrieved December 28, 2023.
  276. ^ Blake, Eric (March 8, 2024). Tropical Storm Pilar – Tropical Cyclone Report (PDF) (Report). Miami, Florida: National Hurricane Center. Retrieved March 8, 2024.
  277. ^ Eric S. Blake (November 15, 2019). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Narda (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 7, 2020.
  278. ^ Stacy R. Stewart (December 9, 2019). Tropical Cyclone Report: Tropical Storm Priscilla (PDF) (Report). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved April 7, 2020.
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