Gewerkschaftsbund
Central Commission of German Trade Unions in the Czechoslovak Republic | |
| Zentralgewerkschaftskommission des Deutschen Gewerkschaftsbundes in der Tschechoslowakischen Republik | |
| Founded | July 1919 |
|---|---|
| Dissolved | March 1939 |
| Headquarters | Gablonzstraße 20, Liberec[1] |
| Location | |
Members | 372,027 (1921) |
Key people | Franz Macoun, General Secretary |
| Affiliations | International Federation of Trade Unions[2] |
Zentralgewerkschaftskommission des Deutschen Gewerkschaftsbundes in der Tschechoslowakischen Republik ('Central Commission of German Trade Unions in the Czechoslovak Republic') was a German Social Democratic trade union centre in Czechoslovakia. From 1927 onwards, it was an autonomous structure inside the Czechoslovak labour centre OSČ. The organization was dissolved as Czechoslovakia fell under German occupation.
Early period[edit]
The organization was founded in July 1919. In 1920 the name Gewerkschaftsbund was adopted, and a headquarters was set up in Liberec.[3] Gewerkschaftsbund emerged as a prominent force in the amongst labour movements in Czechoslovakia, having around 75% of unionized German workers as its members in 1921 (at the time Czechoslovakia had a general unionizing rate of 50%, one of the higher in Europe). Major unions affiliated to Gewerkschaftsbund were Textile Workers (90,878 members in 1921), Metalworkers (39,209 members in 1921) and Miners (37,582 members in 1921).[4]
In 1922, Czechoslovak communists had formed a separate trade union centre, Mezinárodní všeodborový svaz (MVS). However, not all communist trade unionists joined MVS. As of 1926, there were around 15 000 communists inside the Gewerkschaftsbund affiliates.[5]
Merger into OSČ[edit]
In 1927 Gewerkschaftsbund merged into the main Czechoslovak trade union centre, the Social Democratic Odborové sdružení československé (OSČ).[6] The organization continued to function as an autonomous body inside OSČ until the unions were banned following the German occupation.
Leadership[edit]
Franz Macoun was the general secretary of the organization from 1920 to 1938. Macoun was a Member of Parliament for the German Social Democratic Workers Party between 1929 and 1938.[7]
Publications[edit]
The organization issued the publication Gewerkschafts-Jugend ('Trade Union Youth') between 1934-1937.[8]
Membership[edit]
| Year | Membership |
|---|---|
| 1919 | 299,091 |
| 1920 | 403,211 |
| 1921 | 372,027 |
| 1927 | 200,183 |
| 1933 | 220,050 |
| 1937 | 206,474 |
Membership of Gewerkschaftsbund affiliates in 1937[edit]
| Union | Membership |
|---|---|
| Union der Textilarbeiter b. G. fuer das Tschechoslowakische Staatsgebiet | 50,139 |
| Internationaler Metallarbeiterverband in der Tschechoslowakischen Republik | 27,553 |
| Allgemeiner Angestellten-Verband | 23,413 |
| Verband der Eisenbahner in der Tschechoslowakischen Republik | 16,219 |
| Verband der Glas- und Keramarbeiter und -Arbeiterinnen der Tschechoslowakischen Republik | 15,219 |
| Union der Bergarbeiter in der Tschechoslowakischen Republik | 13,853 |
| Fabrikarbeiterverband in der Tschechoslowakischen Republik | 11,235 |
| Verband der Holz- und Landarbeiter in der Tschechoslowakischen Republik | 11,090 |
| Verband der oeffentlichen Angestellten | 11,053 |
| Verband der Transport- und Lebensmittelarbeiter | 78,58 |
| Bekleidungsarbeiterverband in der Tschechoslowakischen Republik | 6,681 |
| Gewerkschaft der Postler | 4,590 |
| Gewerkschaft der Tabakarbeiterinnen und -Arbeiter in der Tschechoslowakischen Republik | 3,549 |
| Graphische Union | 2,179 |
| Buehnenbund in der Tschechoslowakischen Republik | 1,054 |
| Deutscher Musiker-Verband in der Tschechoslowakischen Republik | 789 |
References[edit]
- ^ a b "OS KOVO - Historie". Archived from the original on 22 October 2008. Retrieved 5 December 2008.
- ^ Goethem, Geert van. The Amsterdam International: The World of the International Federation of Trade Unions (IFTU), 1913–1945. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2006. p. 296.
- ^ McDermott, Kevin. The Czech Red Unions, 1918-1929: A Study of Their Relations with the Communist Party and the Moscow Internationals. East European monographs, no. 239. Boulder: East European Monographs, 1988. p. 36
- ^ a b McDermott, Kevin. The Czech Red Unions, 1918-1929: A Study of Their Relations with the Communist Party and the Moscow Internationals. East European monographs, no. 239. Boulder: East European Monographs, 1988. p. 38
- ^ McDermott, Kevin. The Czech Red Unions, 1918-1929: A Study of Their Relations with the Communist Party and the Moscow Internationals. East European monographs, no. 239. Boulder: East European Monographs, 1988. p. 164
- ^ McDermott, Kevin. The Czech Red Unions, 1918-1929: A Study of Their Relations with the Communist Party and the Moscow Internationals. East European monographs, no. 239. Boulder: East European Monographs, 1988. p. 37
- ^ "Macoun, Franz (1881-1951)". Daas Bundes Archiv (in German). Retrieved 18 May 2023.
- ^ http://www.barch.bund.de/bestaende_findmittel/bestaendeuebersicht/body.html?id_main=5364&where=naeheres&what=parent_id&id_bestand=5378&suchbegriff= [dead link]
- ^ "Po??Tky Odbor? V ?Esk?Ch Zem?Ch". Archived from the original on 17 May 2009. Retrieved 5 December 2008.