Curt Valentin
Curt Valentin (5 October 1902, Hamburg, Germany – 19 August 1954, Forte dei Marmi, Italy) was a German-Jewish art dealer known for handling modern art, particularly sculpture, and works classified as "degenerate", seized from public museums or looted from private collectors by the Nazi regime in Germany.
After 1927 Curt Valentin worked for Alfred Flechtheim in Berlin.[1] In 1934, he worked at Karl Buchholz Gallery, Hamburg from 1934 to 1936 until anti-Semitic National Socialist laws preventing Jews from practicing their professions in Germany.
Dismissed from his job in Germany in late 1936 Valentin emigrated to America and opened the Buchholz Gallery in September 1937 in New York City.[2] A key figure in the dispersal of so-called “degenerate” art, he had permission to sell German art in America, from the Nazi authorities to help fund Hitler's war efforts. This resulted from Buchholz's gallery being one of four dealers—together with Ferdinand Möller (Berlin), Hildebrand Gurlitt (Hamburg), and Bernhard A. Böhmer (Güstrow)—who worked closely with Hitler’s Propaganda Ministry with the disposal of such art for profit.[3][4][5]
On June 30, 1939, Curt Valentin bid for art looted by the Nazis that was being auctioned at the Galerie Fischer in Lucerne on behalf of Alfred H. Barr Jr. who provided money donated to the Museum of Modern Art.[6] In 1951 the gallery was renamed the Curt Valentin Gallery. His gallery operated from 1951, until a year after his death in 1954, and handled works by many notable artists including Alexander Calder, Henry Moore, Marino Marini, Irving Kriesberg, and Jacques Lipchitz.[7]
Art restitution cases[edit]
Numerous art restitution cases involve artworks which passed through Curt Valentin after being seized by the Nazis from museums or from private art collectors who were persecuted by the Nazis because of their Jewish heritage.[5][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Provenance research projects are ongoing around the world to clarify the origins of artworks sold by Valentin.[15]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Galerie Flechtheim The Frick Collection. Retrieved 12 October 2017.
- ^ Curt Valentin Gallery (New York, N.Y.) The Frick Collection. Retrieved 12 October 2017.
- ^ "Nazi Looted Art, Fernand Leger and the Minneapolis Institute of Arts". Blogger. 2 November 2008. Retrieved 12 October 2017.
- ^ Fred Abrams (9 November 2008). "Mr. Curt Valentin's Nazi-Looted Art". Retrieved 12 October 2017.
- ^ a b Cohan, William D. (2011-11-17). "MoMA's Problematic Provenances". ARTnews.com. Archived from the original on 2019-12-08. Retrieved 2022-01-22.
By November 1936, Valentin had made his deal with the Nazis that would allow him to emigrate to New York and to sell "degenerate art" to help fund the war effort.
- ^ "Nazi Art Loot Found Its Way to New York's Modern Museum - NYTimes.com". The New York Times. 2012-11-12. Archived from the original on 2012-11-12. Retrieved 2021-03-22.
- ^ "Curt Valentin Papers in The Museum of Modern Art Archives". MOMA Publishing. 2006. Retrieved 12 October 2017.
- ^ "Dresden buys back Kirchner painting seized by Nazis as 'degenerate art'". www.lootedart.com. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
- ^ "Statement Regarding Claim for Piet Mondrian Painting Schilderij No. 1". www.lootedart.com. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
- ^ "Cornelius Gurlitt Attorney References "Only Eight Works" in Relation to Nazi Persecution, Likely More of an Update than Assertion of Ownership". lootedart.com. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
- ^ "Flechtheim Heirs Suspend Limbach Commission Proceedings Over Juan Gris Painting in Düsseldorf". www.lootedart.com. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
- ^ "How a French masterpiece stolen by Nazis came to St. Louis". www.lootedart.com. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
- ^ "George Grosz's Heirs Sue MOMA on Paintings". www.lootedart.com. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
- ^ "Minneapolis Institute of Arts sends Nazi 'loot' home to Paris". www.lootedart.com. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
- ^ "Provenance Research: Provenance Project at the Henie Onstad Kunstsenter (HOK), Høvikodden". www.lootedart.com. Retrieved 2023-08-17.
External links[edit]
- "Curt Valentin in his gallery, ca. 1952", Photography by Adolph Studly, at Archives of American Art
- Ludwig Meidner: "Curt Valentin", MOMA
- Marino Marini and Curt Valentin: The Rise of the Italian Sculptor in America.
- "Artnews : MOMA's problematic provenances"
- "Bridges from the Reich: The Importance of Émigré Art Dealers as Reflected in the Case Studies of Curt Valentin and Otto Kallir– Nirenstein"
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