Aluminium citrate

Aluminium citrate
	; Aluminium citrate
Names
	IUPAC name Aluminium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate
	Other names Aluminium(III) citrate;
Identifiers
CAS Number	31142-56-0;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	82709;
ECHA InfoCard	100.045.881
EC Number	250-484-4;
PubChem CID	91599;
UNII	IJ623779BA;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID3030711 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C6H8O7.Al/c7-3(8)1-6(13,5(11)12)2-4(9)10;/h13H,1-2H2,(H,7,8)(H,9,10)(H,11,12);/q;+3/p-3 Key: ZUGAOYSWHHGDJY-UHFFFAOYSA-K;
	SMILES C(C(=O)[O-])C(CC(=O)[O-])(C(=O)[O-])O.[Al+3];
Properties
Chemical formula	AlC; 6H; 5O; 7
Molar mass	216.08 g/mol
Appearance	White solid
Solubility in water	Insoluble
Pharmacology
	Pharmacokinetics:
Excretion	Kidney
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H302, H315, H319, H373
Precautionary statements	P260, P264, P270, P280, P301+P312, P302+P352, P305+P351+P338, P314, P321, P330, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P501
Related compounds
Other anions	Aluminium acetate
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Aluminium citrate is a chemical compound with the chemical formula AlC
₆H
₅O
₇. This white, crystalline salt is produced by mixing aluminium chloride hexahydrate and citric acid.^[1]

Uses[edit]

Aluminium citrate can be used as a crosslinker for many polymers in the oil industry.^[2] It is also used as an antiperspirant.

Effects on humans[edit]

Aluminium citrate takes up about 8% of aluminium in blood^[3] due to the ability of Al³⁺ ions to replace Ca²⁺ from calcium citrate and is known to cause chronic renal failure because it causes an increase of phosphorus in the kidneys.^[4] It has been suspected to cause Alzheimer's disease but more evidence is needed.^[5] This compound can also have some positive effects on humans such as preventing silicosis.^[6] When ingested, 80% of the compound is excreted through the body through urine and the rest comes out slower.^[3]

Aluminium citrate complexes[edit]

Aluminium citrate can form complexes such as ammonium aluminium citrate ((NH₄)₄Al₃C₆H₄O₇(OH)(H₂O)), which can be created by mixing aluminium nitrate nonahydrate, citric acid, and ammonium hydroxide.^[7]

References[edit]

^ Fraga, A.K.; Oliveira, P.F.; Dores, F.G.L. (2020). "Synthesis and characterization of aluminium citrate compounds and evaluation of their influence on the formation of hydrogels based on polyacrylamide". Iranian Polymer Journal. 29 (8): 649–657. doi:10.1007/s13726-020-00825-5. S2CID 218682071.
^ Johannes Fink (2003). Oil Field Chemicals. Gulf Professional Publishing. p. 116. ISBN 0-08-049757-8.
^ ^a ^b R.A.Yokel (2013). "Aluminum". Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition (Third Edition). University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA: 57–63. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-375083-9.00008-8. ISBN 9780123848857.
^ A.J. Downs (1993). Downs, A.J. (ed.). Chemistry of Aluminium, Gallium, Indium and Thallium. Springer Netherlands. p. 485. ISBN 9780751401035.
^ KennethAbreo (2001). "Chapter 2 - Aluminum-Induced Bone Disease: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease". Aluminium and Alzheimer's Disease. 2. Springer link: 37–57. doi:10.1016/B978-044450811-9/50027-6. ISBN 9780444508119.
^ Kui Wang (1989). Silica Induced Cell Damage and the Protective Effect of Aluminum Cimplexes. Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Malaya.
^ Timothy L. Feng; Patrick L. Gurian; Matthew D. Healy; Andrew R. Barron (1990). "Aluminum citrate: isolation and structural characterization of a stable trinuclear complex". Inorg. Chem. 29 (3): 408–441. doi:10.1021/ic00328a013.

[syn-1] Fraga, A.K.; Oliveira, P.F.; Dores, F.G.L. (2020). "Synthesis and characterization of aluminium citrate compounds and evaluation of their influence on the formation of hydrogels based on polyacrylamide". Iranian Polymer Journal. 29 (8): 649–657. doi:10.1007/s13726-020-00825-5. S2CID 218682071.

[Johannes_Fink-2] Johannes Fink (2003). Oil Field Chemicals. Gulf Professional Publishing. p. 116. ISBN 0-08-049757-8.

[tox-3] R.A.Yokel (2013). "Aluminum". Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition (Third Edition). University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA: 57–63. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-375083-9.00008-8. ISBN 9780123848857.

[:)-4] A.J. Downs (1993). Downs, A.J. (ed.). Chemistry of Aluminium, Gallium, Indium and Thallium. Springer Netherlands. p. 485. ISBN 9780751401035.

[bon-5] KennethAbreo (2001). "Chapter 2 - Aluminum-Induced Bone Disease: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease". Aluminium and Alzheimer's Disease. 2. Springer link: 37–57. doi:10.1016/B978-044450811-9/50027-6. ISBN 9780444508119.

[sil-6] Kui Wang (1989). Silica Induced Cell Damage and the Protective Effect of Aluminum Cimplexes. Institute of Advanced Studies, University of Malaya.

[com-7] Timothy L. Feng; Patrick L. Gurian; Matthew D. Healy; Andrew R. Barron (1990). "Aluminum citrate: isolation and structural characterization of a stable trinuclear complex". Inorg. Chem. 29 (3): 408–441. doi:10.1021/ic00328a013.

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