User:Ymm3p/sandbox
Italic Bold This is an important discussion. Islamist Terrorism This is a link to ICAR on Wikipedia Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution This is a link to ICAR's website [1] This is a link to ICAR on the web
Identity-based Frameworks for Analyzing Islamist-based terrorism
[edit]- Islamist-based fundamentalist terrorism against Western nations and the U.S. in particular, has numerous motivations [1] and takes place the larger context of a complex and tense relationship between the ‘West' and the Arab and Muslim 'world,'[2] which is highlighted in the previous section on motivations and Islamic terrorism. Identity-based theoretical frameworks including theories of Social Identity, Social Categorization Theory, and Psychodynamics are used to explain the reasons terrorism occurs [3]
Social Identity Theory
[edit]- Social identity is explained by Karina Korostelina as a “feeling of belonging to a social group, as a strong connection with social category, and as an important part of our mind that affects our social perceptions and behavior” [4] This definition can be applied to the case of Osama bin Laden, who, according to this theory, has a highly salient perception of his social identity as a Muslim, a strong connection to the social category of the Muslim Ummah or 'community,' which affect his social perceptions and behaviors[5]. Bin Laden's ideology and interpretation of Islam [6] led to the creation of al-Qaeda in response to perceived threats against the Muslim community by the Soviet Union, the U.S. in particular due to its troop presence in Saudi Arabia [7], and American support for Israel [8]. The Islamist terrorist group al-Qaeda has a group identity, which includes “shared experiences, attitudes, beliefs, and interests of ingroup members,” and is “described through the achievement of a collective aim for which this group has been created,” [9] which in this case is to achieve "a complete break from the foreign influences in Muslim countries, and the creation of a new Islamic caliphate."[10]
Social Categorization Theory
[edit]- Social categorization theory has been discussed as a three-stage process of identification, where “individuals define themselves as members of a social group, learn the stereotypes and norms of the group, and group categories influence the perception and understanding of all situations in a particular context”[11] This definition can be applied to the US war on terror, in which conflict features such as the phenomenon of Anti-Americanism[12] and the phenomenon of non-Arab countries like Iran and Afghanistan lending support to Islamist-based terrorism by funding or harboring terrorist groups such as Hezbollah[13] and al-Qaeda[14] against Western nations, particularly Israel[15] and the United States[16] are, according to social categorization theory, influenced by a three-stage process of identification. In this three-stage process of identification, the Arab and Muslim world(s)[17] are the social group(s), their members learn stereotypes and norms which categorize their social group vis-à-vis the West.[18] This social categorization process creates feelings of high-level in-group support and allegiance among Arabs,[19] and Muslims[20] and the particular context within which members of the Arab and Muslim world(s)[21] social group(s) understand all situations that involve the West. Social categorization theory as a framework for analysis indicates causal relationships between group identification processes and features of conflict situations.[22]
- This is my text in Wikipedia. [23]
Something controversial [24]
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Arab
[edit]Muslim
[edit]Society
[edit]| Region | Age | Gender |
|---|---|---|
| Middle East | 18-22 | Female |
| Southeast Asia | 18-22 | Female |
References
[edit]- ^ motivations and islamic terrorism
- ^ “The Muslim world and the West: the roots of conflict.” 2005. Web. 16 Apr. 2010.
- ^ “Perspectives on Terrorism - Explaining Terrorism: A Psychosocial Approach.” Web. 16 Apr. 2010.
- ^ Korostelina, K. (2007). Social Identity and Conflict: Structures, Dynamics and Implications. New York: Palgrave Macmillan
- ^ “Osama bin Laden's growing anxiety / The Christian Science Monitor - CSMonitor.com.” Web. 16 Apr. 2010
- ^ Beliefs and Ideology of Osama Bin Laden
- ^ Beliefs and Ideologies of Osama bin Laden
- ^ “Al-Qaeda Blames 9/11 on US Support for Israel - Defense/Middle East - Israel News - Israel National News.” Web. 16 Apr. 2010.
- ^ name=Korostelina
- ^ al-Qaeda
- ^ Korostelina, K. (2007). Social Identity and Conflict: Structures, Dynamics and Implications. New York: Palgrave Macmillan
- ^ “Understanding Arab anti-Americanism. - By Lee Smith - Slate Magazine.” Web. 30 Apr. 2010.
- ^ “Hizballah (Party of God).” Web. 30 Apr. 2010.
- ^ “Analysis Of Al Qaeda In Afghanistan And Pakistan | Eurasia Review.” Web. 30 Apr. 2010.
- ^ “Hezbollah and its Goals.” Web. 30 Apr. 2010.
- ^ “Al-Qaida.” Web. 30 Apr. 2010.
- ^ Arab World, Muslim World
- ^ “Global Connections. Stereotypes | PBS.” Web. 30 Apr. 2010.
- ^ Arab People
- ^ Muslim
- ^ Arab World, Muslim World
- ^ Korostelina, K.(2007)Social Identity and Conflict: Structures, Dynamics and Implications. New York: Palgrave Macmillan
- ^ Rampell, Catherine, and Javier C. Hernandez. “Job Market Brightens as U.S. Payrolls Surge in March.” The New York Times 2 Apr. 2010. Web. 2 Apr. 2010.
- ^ This is really POV