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A salami sandwich is a food item consisting of one or more slices of salami placed on or between two slices of bread. Salami sandwiches are traditionally served with multiple thin slices of salami and a slice or multiple slices of American or provolone cheese. The sandwich was originally a portable food item or finger food which began its popularity primarily in the Western World but is now found in various versions in numerous countries worldwide.

Salami sandwiches are a widely popular type of lunch food, typically taken to school or picnics to be eaten as part of a packed lunch and are sometimes served hot as well as cold. The type of bread used varies between individual preferences but the most common type is white bread. The bread can be used plain or coated with condiments to enhance the flavors and texture. Customary Western condiments include ketchup, mustard, mayonnaise, or relish but other cultures may use different sauces. As well as being homemade, salami sandwiches are also sold in many restaurants that will allow the customer to customize the salami sandwich, adding on condiments as well as lettuce, tomato, onions, or any other preferred item if available.

History

Salami is a kind of sausage, traditionally italian, and is often seasoned with garlic. The word salami comes from the Italian “salare” meaning to sale. The Roman soldiers were often paid with bags of salt and they used that to season their sausage, thus creating salami. Soldiers would combine their bread rations with the cured meat to create a salami sandwich. Throughout time, salami sandwiches have evolved from a slab of salami placed between somewhat stale bread to greatly seasoned masterpieces. During times of hardship and scarcity such as World Wars or economic recessions, salami was a cheap source of nourishment for most households. During the Great Depression in America in the early 1930’s salami as well as bread sales almost tripled in demand because of their relatively low prices. The sale of these two items helped to allowed more money to flow throughout the economy thus bringing America out of the Great Depression. Salami sandwiches continue to be sold at the basic level of bread and meat to more complex sandwiches. Restaurants such as Subway and Panera have their own versions of salami sandwiches. Some of those customized version inlcude the basic sandwich with different sauces, vegetables, and even toasted bread. Experts speculate that by 2020 the salami sandwich will have an upwards of 100 different recognizable combinations.

Usage

A salami sandwich has many uses such as satisfying hunger. It is mainly used as a quickly made snack for school lunches, picnics, or work breaks. They are usually made by hand if being used as a lunch. Corporate industries, however, make these sandwiches on a large scale and package them with other small snacks and a source of hydration for an on the go lunch. Salami sandwiches contain healthy nutrients such as iron and vitamin B12 which makes it a healthier choice of food compared to other quickly made snacks. However, when taken apart, the salami part of the salami sandwich can be used as a remedy for crow’s feet in aging men and women. The salami is placed over the eyes and the nutrients from the cured meat helps moisturize and plumpen the skin thus getting rid of the black indents near the eye known as crow’s feet. The salami is not the only part of a salami sandwich that can be used for other purposes. White bread, which is commonly used to make salami sandwiches, can be used to freshen other flour based foods such as expired cookies and donuts. The hard cookie or donut, when left in a sealed plastic bag with a slice of white bread, will become soft once more due to the anti-fermentation happening with the bread.

Nutrients

Fat:

A 3.5 ounce serving of salami, approximately four slices, contains 22.2 grams of fat, of which 9.86 grams are saturated. Two slices of white bread contain approximately .5 grams of fat, of which 0 percent is saturated. That means that in total, a basic salami sandwich contains approximately 22.7 grams of fat, of which 9.86 grams are saturated.

Sodium: Processed salami contains large amounts of sodium to help preserve the meat and enhance the taste. A 3.5 ounce serving of salami contains 1,140 mg of sodium. Two slices of white bread contiain 10mg of sodium. In total, a salami sandwich contains 1,150 grams of sodium.

Vitamins and Minerals:

Despite the high fat and sodium content, salami does provide certain amounts of necessary vitamins and minerals. A 3.5 ounce of salami contains 2.2 mg of iron and 3.06 micrograms of vitamin B12. Two slices of white bread contains 0 mg of iron and 0 micrograms of vitamin B12

Overview

The Marriage Vow or "The Marriage Vow - A Declaration of Dependence Upon Marriage and Family" is a political pledge created by [Bob Vander Plaats], a former candidate for Iowa governor, and the Iowa based conservative group;#REDIRECT The Family Leader ,a public advocacy organization affiliated with the #REDIRECT Iowa Family Policy Center, that he heads. Signing the pledge, created in early July, was a requirement to receive any support from the organization. Signing the pledge entailed supporting a monogamous heterosexual definition of marriage, as well as backing a ban on pornography, abortion, and Sharia Law. Notable signees include Michelle Bachmann and Rick Santorum , while the pledge drew notable criticism from libertarian candidate Gary Johnson.

Contents

The vow begins with a series of preambles, each designed to show the “great crisis” in the institution of marriage. Later, the first preamble, one that claimed that children of slaves were more likely to live in 2 parent households than children are today, was redacted due to the criticism it received. The following are the vows the candidates pledged to by signing.

• Personal fidelity to their spouse
• Respect for the marital bonds of others
• Fidelity to the US constitution
• Support for “faithful constitutionalists” as judges
• Opposition to any redefinition of marriage that falls outside of heterosexual monogamous relationships
• “Recognition of the overwhelming statistical evidence that married people enjoy better health, better sex, longer lives,
• Greater financial stability, and that children raised by a mother and a father together experience better learning, less
• Addiction, less legal trouble, and less extramarital pregnancy”
• Reform of anti marriage portions of welfare policy
• Extended “Cooling off” periods for those seeking a divorce
• Legal advocacy for the defense of marriage act
• Support for a federal marriage amendment to the US constitution defining marriage as between one man and one woman
• Opposition to human trafficking, sexual slavery, prostitution,
• Prevention of seduction into promiscuity
• Opposition to pornography. Although Plaats later clarified that the pledge just intended to prevent women from being coerced into pornography.
• Opposition to abortion and infanticide
• Supporting safeguards to prevent sexual abuse in the military
• Opposition to women serving in active combat roles in the military
• Rejection of Sharia Islam
• Rejection of all forms of anti-women totalitarian control
• Recognition to childbearing is beneficial to “U.S. demographic, economic, strategic and actuarial health and security.”
• Commitment to downsizing the government
• Defense of religious liberty and freedom of speech.

Response

Criticism

Claims of Racism

One of the preambles to the pledge, drew massive amounts of criticism for claiming that children of slaves were more likely to live in a 2 parent household. “Slavery had a disastrous impact on African-American families, yet sadly a child born into slavery in 1860 was more likely to be raised by his mother and father in a two-parent household than was an African-American baby born after the election of the USA's first African-American President.” Several days later, Plaats sent out an email clarifying that “Our critics are distorting the facts and misrepresenting The Marriage Vow. The preamble to the vow references relevant and sobering data which points to marriages and families being in crisis. The FAMiLY LEADER has never made the claim, nor ever will, that slavery was better for families.” The Preamble was later removed from the pledge.

Gary Johnson

On July 19th, Gary Johnson published an article in the Huffington Post criticizing The Marriage Vow. He claimed that the pledge endorsed government intervention into the personal lives of citizens, while criticizing the discriminatory language of the pledge. He went on to state that Pledge’s focus on social issues redirected attention from areas like the economy.

Other Criticisms

House Speaker Pro-Tem Jeff Kaufmann said the pledge had “ridiculous implications” , refused to sign, and told Plaats that his “integrity is in question" and "political credibility is waning to the point of no impact.”

Former Iowa State Senator Jeff Angelo said "This pledge is an attempt to shut down dialogue between voters and the people vying to represent them.".

Presidential candidate Mitt Romney called the pledge "undignified and inappropriate." Romney's campaign later clarified that he would not sign because preamble suggesting children of slaves were better off than today.

Notable signatures

The 2 most notable signatures came from Rick Santorum and Michele Bachmann. Rick Santorum was the first presidential candidate to contact The Family Leader after the organization publically announced the pledge. Although Santorum contacted the organization first, Michele Bachmann also contacted The Family Leader to sign the pledge, and became the first Candidate to send her signed document to The Family leader. Although Newt GIngrich did not sign the pledge, he wrote a lengthy letter in which he upheld many of the principles of the pledge including personal fidelity to his wife, respecting the marital bonds of others, enforcing the defense of marriage act, to support a federal marriage amendment, and to oppose any definition of marriage outside of “one man and one woman.” The pledge was also signed by former Texas governor Rick Perry.