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Patriarchs of the East

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{{for|the Patriarch of the Church of the East|List of Patriarchs of the Church of the East {{other uses|Catholicos of the East (disambiguation) {{Multiple issues| {{split|Patriarchate|Church of Antioch|Eastern Christianity|List of Patriarchs of the Church of the East|List of Armenian Catholic Patriarchs of Cilicia|List of Chaldean Catholic Patriarchs of Babylon|List of Maronite Patriarchs of Antioch|Melkite Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch|Syriac Catholic Patriarchs of Antioch|Coptic Catholic Patriarchate of Alexandria|Ancient Church of the East#List_of_Catholicos-Patriarchs_of_the_Ancient_Church_of_the_East|List of Armenian Patriarchs of Jerusalem|List of Armenian Patriarchs of Constantinople|List of Armenian Catholicoi of Cilicia|List of Catholicoi of all Armenians|List of Syriac Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch|List of Patriarchs of Antioch before 518|List of Syriac Patriarchs of Antioch from 512 to 1783|List of Syriac Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch|List of Greek Orthodox Patriarchs of Antioch|date=September 2018 {{confusing|date=April 2017 {{More citations needed|date=January 2010

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The title Patriarch of the East is used by primates of several Christian denominations within Eastern Christianity. Historically, the title originated as honorary designation for primates of the Holy See of Antioch. It was, and still is, officially used by Greek Orthodox and Syriac Orthodox patriarchs of Antioch, and also by primates of some other sees, belonging to several Eastern Christian denominations.

Eastern Orthodox Patriarchs of the East

The patriarchs of the East of the Eastern Orthodox churches are:

• The Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch and All the East - List (1), List (2)

Oriental Orthodox Patriarchs of the East

The patriarchs of the East of the Oriental Orthodox churches sometimes also carry the title of catholicos or pope.

The patriarchs of the Oriental Orthodox churches are:

• The Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch and All the East - List (1), List (2), List (3)
• Armenian Apostolic Church
  • The Catholicos of All Armenians, Supreme Patriarch of the Armenian Apostolic Church - List
  • The Catholicos of the Great House of Cilicia, Catholicos Patriarch List
  • The Armenian Patriarch of Constantinople - List
  • The Armenian Patriarchate of Jerusalem - List

Patriarchs of the Church of the East

The patriarchs of the Church of the East traditionally also carry the title of catholicos.

• The Catholicos-Patriarch of the Assyrian Church of the East - List
• The Catholicos-Patriarch of the Ancient Church of the East - List

Catholic Patriarchs of the East

The Catholic Patriarchs of the East are generally speaking the head bishops of some of the autonomous Eastern Catholic Churches. Each patriarch of the east has authority over all bishops of a particular eastern rite church. These patriarchs are elected by their synods, and must extend communion to and receive it from the other patriarchs, including the pope, before officially taking their office. In matters of discipline and practice, but not in matters of dogma, they generally follow the customs and laws of their particular church. Perhaps the most striking example is that in most Eastern Catholic Churches, ordination of married men to the priesthood is routine (although no priest may marry after ordination, and only celibate priests may become bishops). Eastern churches that are not headed by patriarchs are instead headed by bishops who are titled major archbishops, metropolitans, or in a few cases merely eparchs.

Around the time of the Second Vatican Council, as a result of new ecumenical bonds between the Eastern Rite Catholic and Latin Rite Catholic churches and their leaders, some Eastern patriarchs that headed Eastern churches recognizing the papacy (and thus making the joint reception of Communion possible) were elevated to Cardinal.

The patriarchs of the Eastern Rite Catholic churches are:

• The Coptic Catholic Patriarch of Alexandria - List
• The Syrian Catholic Patriarch of Antioch and all the East - List
• The Melkite Catholic Patriarch of Antioch and all the East, of Alexandria, and of Jerusalem - List
• The Maronite Patriarch of Antioch and all the East - List
• The Chaldean Patriarch of Babylon - List
• The Armenian Catholic Catholicos-Patriarch of Cilicia - List

The Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem is also considered one of the patriarchs of the east. However, his church follows the Latin Rite and his patriarchal title derives from the historical importance of the see rather than the autonomy of his church.

The Patriarch of the East Indies is a Latin Rite archbishop whose patriarchal title derives from the importance of his see in the evangelization of south and east Asia; but, despite the title of the patriarchate, is not considered a patriarch of the east.

See also

• Patriarchs

Sources

• Wilmshurst, David (2000). The Ecclesiastical Organisation of the Church of the East, 1318–1913. Louvain: Peeters Publishers. ISBN 9789042908765.
• Wilmshurst, David (2011). The martyred Church: A History of the Church of the East. London: East & West Publishing Limited. ISBN 9781907318047.

[[Category:Patriarchs of the East| [[Category:Eastern Catholicism [[Category:Lists of patriarchs|East