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Survey of india[1][2][3]

New source (5/19/2021) need to format by hand, for some reason [4]

Daily Beast, commentary and comparison [5]

New CNN source, outlines the two views [6]

Washington Post [7]

CNN NC's history..etc[8] Good overview

Andre Hill $10 million settlement [9] [10]

Andrew Brown Jr. [11]

[12]

Sam Montgomery [13] [14] [15] [16]

Paul Beach [17]

Murdaugh [18][19][20]

Catheter [21]

David S. Sheridan [22]"existed but were usually made in France and the approach of World War II threatened to cut off supplies. Then reusable, catheters were made of strands of cotton braided around piano wire molds, then varnished, heated, ground down and polished."[23] As a result, Mr Sheridan is credited with saving thousands of lives.[24] Red rubber tubes [25]: 142 

Some reusable catheters consisted of braided cotton tubes, which were varnished, heat-treated and polished. As these were primarily produced in France, the advent of World War II threatened the supply chain.[23]

Norman Gibbon "Noting that many of his long- term catheterized patients, especially those with sensory loss, had high rates of urethritis, epididymitis, perineal abscess and ascending infection he blamed the catheters used. Being short, thick-walled and chemically irritant, they inevitably led to catheter-associated infection. Hence, Gibbon developed the catheter that bears his name (1958). It was long, fine (2.5mm), thin- walled (0.5mm) and required minimal fixation; consisting of polythene it also did not irritate the urethra. This led to reduced rates of infection. Thus, Gibbon revolutionized the urological management of paraplegic patients and deservedly earned the prestigious St Peter’s Medal (1986)" BRITISH ASSOCIATION OF UROLOGICAL SURGEONS [26]

"at Southport in 1948, with a visiting urologist, Cosby Ross and a neurosurgeon in charge of the unit. Very rapidly, the importance of urology was recognised and a young surgeon in training, Norman Gibbon elected to do his Mastership thesis on the management of the bladder in spinal patients. He used to cycle to the unit from the Southport railway station carrying his urology manometers in one hand. He carried out urological research upon these patients and subsequently became the visiting consultant, doing pioneering research on the management of the bladder, particularly external sphincterotomy and outflow surgery and the development of the Gibbon catheter. "[27]

"At the same time he became concerned with the prevention of infection and invented his own, beautifully simple catheter - now known by his name - which was narrow, easy to pass and to keep in place and did not irritate the urethra". [28]

"A NEW TYPE OF CATHETER FOR URETHRAL DRAINAGE OF THE BLADDER. SUMMARY 1 It is suggested that the time is opportune for a reconsideration of present apparatus and techniques for urethral drainage of the bladder. The advent of new materials makes it possible to adopt smaller diameters and improved designs.

2 A new catheter is presented which appears to offer many advantages. Made up in a dry sterile pack, and used in combination with a plastic collecting bag, it should postpone and minimise urethritis and cystitis, and contribute to the elimination of cross-infection." [29]

Additional catheter info[30] Foley, other history [31] More , read this...[32] History, read [33]

Flight 93 [34]

  1. ^ "The Himalayan Journal". The Himalayan Journal.
  2. ^ "Survey of India turns 250: Remembering a British past when mapping was for the sake of conquering". April 11, 2017.
  3. ^ http://wgbis.ces.iisc.ernet.in/biodiversity/sahyadri/wgbis_info/geo_survey.htm
  4. ^ "How was Andrew Brown Jr. killed? Why did the SBI investigate?". Archived from the original on 2021-05-19. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
  5. ^ Boryga, Andrew (May 19, 2021). "Cops Shot Their Loved Ones in Moving Cars. The Andrew Brown Case Is a Familiar Nightmare". Archived from the original on May 19, 2021. Retrieved May 26, 2021 – via www.thedailybeast.com.
  6. ^ CNN, Peter Nickeas. "Why a North Carolina district attorney is not prosecuting the Andrew Brown Jr. killing". CNN. Archived from the original on 2021-05-22. Retrieved 2021-05-26. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  7. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2021-05-19. Retrieved 2021-05-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  8. ^ CNN, Opinion by William Barber and Jonathan Wilson-Hartgrove. "Opinion: In aftermath of Andrew Brown's killing, echoes of North Carolina's awful history of scapegoating Black people". CNN. Archived from the original on 2021-05-24. Retrieved 2021-05-26. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  9. ^ "City Of Columbus To Pay $10 Million In Settlement With Family Of Andre Hill". NPR.org. Archived from the original on 2021-05-21. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
  10. ^ Morales, Christina (May 14, 2021). "Andre Hill's Family Reaches $10 Million Settlement With City of Columbus". Archived from the original on May 16, 2021. Retrieved May 26, 2021 – via NYTimes.com.
  11. ^ "Police have a dangerous "dead or alive" mentality". Washington Post. 2021-05-21. Archived from the original on 2021-05-26. Retrieved 2021-05-26.
  12. ^ Koettl, Christoph; Kim, Caroline (May 22, 2021). "Andrew Brown Jr. Shooting: Videos Cast Doubt on Police Use of Force". Archived from the original on May 23, 2021. Retrieved May 26, 2021 – via NYTimes.com.
  13. ^ "Trooper who arrested NFL's Montgomery fired". ESPN.com. August 22, 2014. Archived from the original on February 21, 2019. Retrieved June 26, 2021.
  14. ^ "Trooper who arrested NFL's Sam Montgomery fired". USA TODAY. Archived from the original on 2019-12-28. Retrieved 2021-06-26.
  15. ^ Field, Carla (August 22, 2014). "SCHP: Trooper who said, 'NFL, you're under arrest' is fired". WYFF. Archived from the original on September 22, 2020. Retrieved June 26, 2021.
  16. ^ "Trooper who arrested NFL's Sam Montgomery fired". Archived from the original on 2020-12-25. Retrieved 2021-06-26 – via www.youtube.com.
  17. ^ "Antarctica Detail". geonames.usgs.gov. Archived from the original on 2021-06-24. Retrieved 2021-06-26.
  18. ^ Bogel-Burroughs, Nicholas (June 23, 2021). "A Mother and Son Are Found Murdered, Deepening a Mystery in South Carolina". Archived from the original on June 24, 2021. Retrieved June 26, 2021 – via NYTimes.com.
  19. ^ Matney, Mandy. "Stephen Smith Case Files: Why Was Hampton Teen's Death Ruled A Hit And Run In 2015?". Archived from the original on 2021-06-26. Retrieved 2021-06-26.
  20. ^ Folks, Will. "Murdaugh Murders: Investigators Are Looking At Alex And Maggie's Marital Status". Archived from the original on 2021-07-06. Retrieved 2021-07-07.
  21. ^ "Hemodialysis Catheters: How to Keep Yours Working Well". National Kidney Foundation. December 24, 2015.
  22. ^ https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/2004/05/07/david-s-sheridan-catheter-p/4c6fb678-2d14-43f3-be53-734f2ae0a191/
  23. ^ a b "David Sheridan, 95; Dropout Invented Key Medical Device". Los Angeles Times. May 4, 2004.
  24. ^ The Associated Press (2004-05-01). "David Sheridan, inventor of modern catheter, at 95". The Boston Globe. Retrieved 2019-02-14.
  25. ^ Engineers, NPCS Board of Consultants & (January 1, 2014). "Handbook on Medical and Surgical Disposable Products". Niir Project Consultancy Services – via Google Books.
  26. ^ https://www.baus.org.uk/_userfiles/pages/files/Museum/2017%20History%20of%20Urology%20Abstracts.pdf
  27. ^ Silver, John Russell (July 9, 2012). "The History of the Role of Urologists in the Spinal Units in the United Kingdom". Nephro-urology monthly. 4 (4): 593–595. doi:10.5812/numonthly.3427. PMC 3614309. PMID 23573496 – via PubMed Central.
  28. ^ "Gibbon, Norman Otway Knight (1918 - 2008)". livesonline.rcseng.ac.uk.
  29. ^ Gibbon, Norman (July 9, 1958). "A New Type of Catheter for Urethral Drainage of the Bladder1". British Journal of Urology. 30 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1111/j.1464-410X.1958.tb03496.x – via Wiley Online Library.
  30. ^ Brocklehurst, J. C.; Hickey, D. S.; Davies, I.; Kennedy, A. P.; Morris, J. A. (1988). "A New Urethral Catheter". British Medical Journal (Clinical Research Edition). 296 (6638): 1691–1693 – via JSTOR.
  31. ^ "Catheterization - Didusch Museum". www.urologichistory.museum.
  32. ^ Feneley, Roger C. L.; Hopley, Ian B.; Wells, Peter N. T. (November 17, 2015). "Urinary catheters: history, current status, adverse events and research agenda". Journal of Medical Engineering & Technology. 39 (8): 459–470. doi:10.3109/03091902.2015.1085600. PMC 4673556. PMID 26383168 – via PubMed Central.
  33. ^ https://www.nature.com/articles/sc199595.pdf?origin=ppub
  34. ^ Farmer, John; Azzarello, John; Kara, Miles (September 13, 2008). "Real Heroes, Fake Stories". New York Times. Retrieved February 13, 2015.
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