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Semitic Action was a small Israeli political group of the 1950s and 1960s which sought the creation of a regional federation encompassing Israel and its Arab neighbors.[1] Uri Avnery, Natan Yellin-Mor, and Boaz Evron were at the group's center.[2] Other members included Maxim Ghilan, Shalom Cohen, and Amos Kenan.[3] Joel Beinin describes it as "a political expression of the Canaanite movement, which advocated that Hebrew-speaking Israelis cut their ties with the Jewish diaspora and integrate into the Middle East as natives of the region on the basis of an anticolonialist alliance with its indigenous Arab inhabitants."[4] It was created in 1956.[1]
Semitic Action's manifesto, published in 1958, described the "Hebrew nation" in Palestine as a new entity, albeit one linked to the Jewish diaspora, and called for moving beyond outmoded Zionist ideas that were now holding back the nation's development.[5] It put forward a program of secularism, complete civic equality between Jews and Arabs, support for anticolonial movements, and a relationship with the diaspora based on national interest rather than ethnic, religious, or cultural ties.[6][7][8] The manifesto emerged from the meeting of three groups: former Canaanites, former Lehi members who had moved to the Left, and Avnery and his associates, who Shavit describes as "nether Left nor Right."[9]
Semitic Action published a journal, Etgar ("Challenge"), edited by Yellin-Mor, weekly or biweekly from April 1960 until March 1967.[1][10] One of its founders, Yaakov Yeredor (a former Lehi member), represented the Arab nationalist group Al-Ard in three of its trials.[11]
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
- Shavit, Jacob (1987). The New Hebrew Nation: a Study in Israeli Heresy and Fantasy. Routledge.
It also attempted unsuccessfully to win seats in the Knesset.[12]
Ideological principles in 1958 pamphlet:
"Hebrew nation" in Palestine is new and distinct from diaspora, though linked to it, old Zionist models now constricting the Hebrew nation's development has been outgrown
relations between Israel and diaspora on basis of state interests, not "super-political" factors.[14]
those involved in writing 1958 booklet: former Canaanites, Avnery and his group, former Lehi members who had gone left.[2]
at the center: Yellin-Mor, Avnery, Evron.[2]
manifesto in 1957.[7]
spurred by collaboration w/colonial powers in Sinai campaign.[7]
Manifesto September 1958.</ref> Called for secularism, support for anticolonial movements.[6]
tried to stand for Knesset, published a weekly and biweekly, Etgar, from April 1960 to March 1967[15]
integration, federation.[16]
argued for regional federation.
federal union.[17]
other members: Maxim Ghilan, Shalom Cohen, Amos Kenan.[18]
"...Semitic Action, a political expression of the Canaanite movement, which advocated that Hebrew-speaking Israelis cut their ties with the Jewish diaspora and integrate into the Middle East as natives of the region on the basis of an anticolonialist alliance with its indigenous Arab inhabitants."[19]
est. '56.[1]
"supported the idea of a Jewish-Arab federation in the territory of Mandatory Palestine that would form part of a broader Middle East federation."[1]
Yellin-Mor edited Etgar.[1]
Yaacov Yeredor.http://www.escholarship.org/editions/view?docId=ft1z09n7hr&chunk.id=endnotes&toc.depth=1&toc.id=endnotes&brand=eschol;query=%22semitic%20action%22#1 http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=ron_harris
http://works.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1000&context=ron_harris
ICFA: Avnery, Yellin-Mor, Ghilan, Cohen, Kenan.[20]
Notes[edit]
- ^ a b c d e f Hattis Rolef, Susan. "YELLIN-MOR (Friedman), NATHAN". Encyclopaedia Judaica.
- ^ a b c Shavit 149
- ^ Beinin, Joel (1990). Was the Red Flag Flying There? Marxist Politics and the Arab-Israeli Conflict in Eqypt and Israel 1948-1965. University of California Press. p. 151.
- ^ Beinin, Joel (1998). The Dispersion of Egyptian Jewry: Culture, Politics, and the Formation of a Modern Diaspora. University of California Press. pp. 166
- ^ Shavit 185
- ^ a b Shatz, Adam (2004). Prophets Outcast: a Century of Dissident Jewish Writing About Zionism and Israel. NationBooks. p. 209.
- ^ a b c Bligh, Alexander (2003). The Israeli Palestinians: an Arab minority in the Jewish State. Routledge. p. 234.
- ^ Shavit 149-150
- ^ 149
- ^ Shavit 150, 164
- ^ Ron Harris, "A Case Study in the Banning of Political Parties: The Pan-Arab Movement El Ard and the Israeli Supreme Court" (August 22, 2004). bepress Legal Series. Working Paper 349. p. 48.
- ^ Shavit 150
- ^ Shavit 185
- ^ Shavit 149-150
- ^ Shavit 150, 164
- ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=1Z73ADzNJAMC&lpg=PA111&dq=%22semitic%20action%22%20knesset&lr=&pg=PA111#v=onepage&q=%22semitic%20action%22%20knesset&f=false
- ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=_kArEWMDT18C&lpg=PA354&dq=%22semitic%20action%22%20integration&lr=&pg=PA354#v=onepage&q=%22semitic%20action%22%20integration&f=false
- ^ Beinin 151
- ^ Beinin, The Dispersion of Egyptian Jewry
- ^ Beinin151