User:Okinasevych/sandbox
Macdonald's supposed contributions stand in stark contrast to his position and actions against Canada's Aboriginal peoples [1]. He commissioned the "Report on Industrial Schools for Indians and Half-Breeds" (the so-called Davin Report) which he later used as justification for the institution of Indian Residential Schools, a system which persisted well into the twentieth century and decimated Canadian Aboriginal families, an effect that is felt to this day [6].
Macdonald commissioned Nicholas Flood Davin to write the "Report on Industrial Schools for Indians and Half-Breeds" (now known as the "Davin Report")[2], which was submitted to Ottawa in March 1879 [3]. Macdonald later used this report to institute the Indian residential school system in Canada [7][2]. Macdonald had stated:
"When the school is on the reserve, the child lives with its parents, who are savages, and though he may learn to read and write, his habits and training mode of thought are Indian. He is simply a savage who can read and write. It has been strongly impressed upon myself, as head of the Department, that Indian children should be withdrawn as much as possible from the parental influence, and the only way to do that would be to put them in central training industrial schools where they will acquire the habits and modes of thought of white men." [4][5]
1 [[1]]
3 [[2]]
4 [[3]]
5 [[4]]
6 [[5]]
7 [[6]]
==[edit]
CITATIONS
=[edit]
Bibliography
- Creighton, Donald (1952). John A. Macdonald: The Young Politician, Vol 1: 1815–1867. Toronto: The Macmillan Company of Canada Limited.
| Climate data for James A. Richardson Winnipeg International Airport (1981-2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high humidex | 6.3 | 11.1 | 18.77 | 34.1 | 40.17 | 46.08 | 47.27 | 45.52 | 45.88 | 34.33 | 23.9 | 9.27 | 47.27 |
| Record high °C (°F) | 7.8 (46.0) |
11.7 (53.1) |
23.3 (73.9) |
34.3 (93.7) |
37 (99) |
37.8 (100.0) |
37.8 (100.0) |
40.6 (105.1) |
38.8 (101.8) |
30.5 (86.9) |
23.9 (75.0) |
11.7 (53.1) |
40.6 (105.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −11.31 (11.64) |
−8.09 (17.44) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
10.87 (51.57) |
18.61 (65.50) |
23.2 (73.8) |
25.88 (78.58) |
25.35 (77.63) |
19.04 (66.27) |
10.52 (50.94) |
−0.47 (31.15) |
−8.49 (16.72) |
8.69 (47.64) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −16.39 (2.50) |
−13.2 (8.2) |
−5.78 (21.60) |
4.43 (39.97) |
11.57 (52.83) |
16.98 (62.56) |
19.69 (67.44) |
18.76 (65.77) |
12.74 (54.93) |
5.04 (41.07) |
−4.85 (23.27) |
−13.15 (8.33) |
2.99 (37.38) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −21.42 (−6.56) |
−18.27 (−0.89) |
−10.73 (12.69) |
−2.04 (28.33) |
4.46 (40.03) |
10.71 (51.28) |
13.45 (56.21) |
12.12 (53.82) |
6.38 (43.48) |
−0.48 (31.14) |
−9.22 (15.40) |
−17.77 (0.01) |
−2.73 (27.09) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −42.2 (−44.0) |
−45 (−49) |
−37.8 (−36.0) |
−26.3 (−15.3) |
−11.1 (12.0) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
1.1 (34.0) |
0 (32) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−17.2 (1.0) |
−34 (−29) |
−37.8 (−36.0) |
−45 (−49) |
| Record low wind chill | −56.36 | −57.12 | −48.76 | −35.75 | −20.77 | −7.9 | 0 | 0 | −11.46 | −24.19 | −48.07 | −50.6 | −57.12 |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 19.87 (0.78) |
13.82 (0.54) |
24.45 (0.96) |
29.97 (1.18) |
56.69 (2.23) |
90.01 (3.54) |
79.51 (3.13) |
77 (3.0) |
45.76 (1.80) |
37.52 (1.48) |
24.99 (0.98) |
21.47 (0.85) |
521.06 (20.51) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 0.21 (0.01) |
2.69 (0.11) |
9.68 (0.38) |
19.16 (0.75) |
54.07 (2.13) |
90.01 (3.54) |
79.51 (3.13) |
77 (3.0) |
45.5 (1.79) |
32.71 (1.29) |
6.88 (0.27) |
1.49 (0.06) |
418.91 (16.49) |
| Average snowfall mm (inches) | 23.7 (0.93) |
12.46 (0.49) |
16.47 (0.65) |
10.55 (0.42) |
2.61 (0.10) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0 (0) |
0.26 (0.01) |
4.82 (0.19) |
19.89 (0.78) |
22.95 (0.90) |
113.71 (4.48) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 12.19 | 7.96 | 9.22 | 7.22 | 11.52 | 13.33 | 11.37 | 10.67 | 10.41 | 9.42 | 10.26 | 11.77 | 125.34 |
| Average rainy days (≥ 0.2mm) | 0.67 | 0.93 | 2.93 | 5.07 | 11.26 | 13.33 | 11.37 | 10.67 | 10.33 | 7.92 | 2.96 | 0.84 | 78.28 |
| Average snowy days (≥ 0.2mm) | 12.42 | 7.7 | 7.44 | 2.93 | 0.56 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.11 | 2.27 | 8.56 | 11.5 | 53.49 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 114.7 | 133.93 | 181.9 | 241.4 | 285.22 | 276.28 | 308.3 | 281.44 | 189.02 | 147.36 | 93.87 | 99.45 | 2,352.87 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 42.94 | 47.24 | 49.46 | 58.57 | 59.81 | 56.61 | 62.63 | 62.8 | 49.78 | 44.06 | 34.35 | 39.21 | 50.62 |
| Source: [2] | |||||||||||||
- ^ Warkentin, Tim (2009). Creating Memory: A Guide to Toronto's Outdoor Sculpture. Toronto: Becker Associates. pp. 63–64. ISBN 978-0-919387-60-7. Retrieved 20 March 2011.
- ^ . Environment Canada [climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/index_e.html climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/index_e.html]. Retrieved February 18, 2014.
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