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Specifications

[edit]
Model A Model A+ Model B Model B+ Compute Module
Note: all interfaces are via 200-pin DDR2 SO-DIMM connector.
Target price: US$25 US$20 unconfirmed US$35[1][2] US$30 (in batches of 100)[3]
SoC: Broadcom BCM2835 (CPU, GPU, DSP, SDRAM, and single USB port)[4][3]
CPU: 700 MHz ARM1176JZF-S core (ARM11 family, ARMv6 instruction set)[4]
GPU: Broadcom VideoCore IV @ 250 MHz[5][6]
OpenGL ES 2.0 (24 GFLOPS)
MPEG-2 and VC-1 (with license[7]), 1080p30 h.264/MPEG-4 AVC high-profile decoder and encoder[4]
Memory (SDRAM): 256 MB (shared with GPU) 256 MB (shared with GPU) 512 MB (shared with GPU) as of 15 October 2012
USB 2.0 ports:[8] 1 (direct from BCM2835 chip) 1 (direct from BCM2835 chip) 2 (via the on-board 3-port USB hub)[9] 4 (via the on-board 5-port USB hub)[1][10] 1 (direct from BCM2835 chip)
Video input: 15-pin MIPI camera interface (CSI) connector, used with the Raspberry Pi camera or Raspberry Pi NoIR camera[11] 15-pin MIPI camera interface (CSI) connector, used with the Raspberry Pi camera or Raspberry Pi NoIR camera 15-pin MIPI camera interface (CSI) connector, used with the Raspberry Pi camera or Raspberry Pi NoIR camera 15-pin MIPI camera interface (CSI) connector, used with the Raspberry Pi camera or Raspberry Pi NoIR camera 2× MIPI camera interface (CSI)[3][12][13]
Video outputs: HDMI (rev 1.3 & 1.4),[14] 14 HDMI resolutions from 640×350 to 1920×1200 plus various PAL and NTSC standards,[15] composite video (PAL and NTSC) via RCA jack HDMI (rev 1.3 & 1.4), 14 HDMI resolutions from 640×350 to 1920×1200 plus various PAL and NTSC standards, composite video (PAL and NTSC) via 3.5 mm TRRS jack shared with audio out) HDMI (rev 1.3 & 1.4), 14 HDMI resolutions from 640×350 to 1920×1200 plus various PAL and NTSC standards, composite video (PAL and NTSC) via RCA jack HDMI (rev 1.3 & 1.4), 14 HDMI resolutions from 640×350 to 1920×1200 plus various PAL and NTSC standards, composite video (PAL and NTSC) via 3.5 mm TRRS jack shared with audio out) HDMI, 2× MIPI display interface (DSI),[3][13] MIPI display interface (DSI) for raw LCD panels,[16][17] composite video[12][18]
Audio outputs: Analog audio via 3.5 mm phone jack, HDMI, and, as of revision 2 boards, I²S audio[19] (also for audio input) Analog audio via 3.5 mm phone jack, HDMI, and, as of revision 2 boards, I²S audio also for audio input Analog audio via 3.5 mm phone jack, HDMI, and, as of revision 2 boards, I²S audio also for audio input Analog audio via 3.5 mm phone jack, HDMI, and, as of revision 2 boards, I²S audio also for audio input Analog audio, HDMI, I²S
Onboard storage:[8] SD / MMC / SDIO card slot (3.3 V with card power only) MicroSD[1] SD / MMC / SDIO card slot MicroSD 4-GB eMMC flash memory chip;[3] may or may not support external SD cards with configuration changes
Onboard network:[8] None None 10/100 Mbit/s Ethernet (8P8C) USB adapter on the third/fifth port of the USB hub[9] None
Low-level peripherals: 8× GPIO,[20] plus the following, which can also be used as GPIO: UART, I²C bus, SPI bus with two chip selects, I²S audio[21] +3.3 V, +5 V, ground[5][22]
 17× GPIO plus the same specific functions, and HAT ID bus 8× GPIO, plus the following, which can also be used as GPIO: UART, I²C bus, SPI bus with two chip selects, I²S audio +3.3 V, +5 V, ground
 17× GPIO plus the same specific functions, and HAT ID bus 46× GPIO, some of which can be used for specific functions including I²C, SPI, UART, PCM, PWM[23]
Power ratings: 300 mA (1.5 W)[24] 200 mA (1 Watt) Unconfirmed estimate 700 mA (3.5 W) 600 mA (3.0 W)[1] similar to Model A+
Power source: 5 V via MicroUSB or GPIO header 5 V
Size: 85.60 mm × 56.5 mm (3.370 in × 2.224 in) – not including protruding connectors 65 mm × 56.5 mm (2.56 in × 2.22 in) – (same as HAT board) and 10mm high 85.60 mm × 56.5 mm (3.370 in × 2.224 in) – not including protruding connectors 85.60 mm × 56.5 mm (3.370 in × 2.224 in) – not including protruding connectors 67.6 mm × 30 mm (2.66 in × 1.18 in)
Weight: 45|g|oz|abbr=on}} unknown but significantly lower than A 45 g (1.6 oz) 45 g (1.6 oz) 7 g (0.25 oz)[25]








http://www.next.gr/power-supplies/high-voltage/

Resonant inductive coupling

SAP-1 computer (Simple As Possible) 8-bit homebrew CPU

HDMI to VGA cables do not work! They rely on logic incorporated in a videocard that isn't available in a PI. Somehow such a videocard outputs analog signal on the otherwise purely digital HDMI connector, that seems to be the only way for it to work. But normally HDMI cables never carry analog signals and the PI surely doesn't output analog signals either, almost no HDMI output device does, as its completely against HDMI specifications.

What does work is a HDMI to DVI-D cable, connected to a DVI-D monitor, that is because both HDMI and DVI use the same kind of digital signaling (LVDS). Only DVI-D misses the signal channel for audio.

HDMI to VGA adapters do work, they convert the digital serial data streams from HDMI and using complex logic, and digital to analog converters they convert the HDMI signal to the analog signals needed for VGA, and sometimes also convert HDMI audio to an analog stereo signal. But note that if they feed off the PI it can cause a problem, as the PI only is designed to provide about 50mA to the HDMI/DVI-D monitor, and these adapters use >200mA, while the absolute maximum the PI can let through is 200mA. These adapters also thus use about half the energy that the PI (without USB devices) uses. Therefore its much better to use an adapter that has an external power input. Alternatively there are HDMI dongles (male to female HDMI adapters) that have a barrel input connector to feed the adapter with.

Townsend discharge Paschen's law


http://www.retrogamer.net/forum/viewtopic.php?f=1&t=35230 http://www.icongames.com.br/msxfiles/blog-en/laser-squad-msx/ http://retroasylum.com/phpbb/viewtopic.php?f=21&t=1317 http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/ZXSpectrum


Mahjongg/sandbox
TypeHome computer
Release dateJuly 1983
Introductory priceUS$304
MediaCassette tape
Operating systemBASIC, French BASIC for the Charlemagne 999
CPUZilog Z80A @ 3.57 MHz
Memory16KB RAM (expandable to 64KB)
InputKeyboard

The GEM 1000 Junior Computer, also known as the French Charlemagne 999 was an obscure low cost toy Home computer for children from 5 years upwards, produced in Taiwan by Rabbit Computers of Hong Kong, Little more is known about the machine which was also sold as the even more obscure Rabbit RX83, (which was a downsized version with even less RAM, just 2K) and which design may also have led to the Brazilian MC-1000 from Comércio de Componentes Eletrônicos. It was part of a family consisting of GEM 1000, GEM 2000, GEM 3000 and GEM 4000 systems.[26]

History

[edit]

The GEM 1000 was released In a market already saturated with cheap machines with very similar features. It did not arouse much attention. The fact that it wasn't a "clone" of similar 8-bit systems (like the Apple, the TRS-80 or even the Sinclair Spectrum) certainly did not contributed to its popularity.

In addition to the poor design and "Chiclet keyboard", the GEM 1000 had only 16 KB of RAM (small, even by the standards of 1983). Like the Sinclair Spectrum the commands of the BASIC, (which was similar to the Apple 2's Applesoft BASIC) were typed by pressing a single key. The French Charlemagne 999 system used a version of this BASIC that used French instead of English keywords.

Technical specifications

[edit]
  • CPU: Zilog Z-80, 3.57 MHz
  • Memory: 16K RAM, expandable to 64K RAM; 8K ROM
  • Keyboard: 50-key rubber Chiclet keyboard QWERTY based, even for the French system
  • Display: Based on Motorola MC6847 32×16 text (8 colors), 128×64, 128x96, 128x96, 128x192, 128x192, 256x192 graphics (2 background, 3 foreground colors)
  • Sound: General Instruments PSG AY-3-8910, 3 voices, + White noise
  • Ports: interface cassette recorder 1200BPS, TV output Connector joystick
  • Hardware Sprites: None

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d "Introducing Raspberry Pi Model B+". Raspberry Pi Foundation. Retrieved 14 July 2014.
  2. ^ Bowater, Donna (29 February 2012). "Mini Raspberry Pi computer goes on sale for £22". The Daily Telegraph. London.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Raspberry Pi Compute Module: New Product!". Raspberry Pi Foundation. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
  4. ^ a b c "BCM2835 Media Processor; Broadcom". Broadcom.com. 1 September 2011. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  5. ^ a b "Q&A with our hardware team". Raspberry Pi Foundation. Retrieved 20 September 2011.
  6. ^ Halfacree, Gareth. "Raspberry Pi - The Model B". bit-tech.net. Dennis Publishing Limited. Retrieved 10 June 2013.
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference rpi-codec was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ a b c "Verified USB Peripherals and SDHC Cards;". Elinux.org. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  9. ^ a b "SMSC LAN9512 Website;". Smsc.com. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  10. ^ "Microchip/SMSC LAN9514 data sheet;" (PDF). Microchip. Retrieved 15 July 2014.
  11. ^ "diagram of Raspberry Pi with CSI camera connector". Elinux.org. 2 March 2012. Retrieved 22 June 2012.
  12. ^ a b Adams, James (3 April 2014). "Raspberry Pi Compute Module electrical schematic diagram" (PDF). Raspberry Pi Foundation. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
  13. ^ a b Adams, James (3 April 2014). "Raspberry Pi Compute Module IO Board elecrical schematic diagram" (PDF). Raspberry Pi Foundation. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
  14. ^ "Embedded Linux Wiki: Hardware Basic Setup". Elinux.org. Retrieved 25 May 2013.
  15. ^ "Raspberry Pi, supported video resolutions". eLinux.org. 30 November 2012. Retrieved 11 December 2012.
  16. ^ "Raspberry Pi Wiki, section screens". Elinux.org. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  17. ^ "diagram of Raspberry Pi with DSI LCD connector". Elinux.org. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  18. ^ Adams, James (7 April 2014). "Comment by James Adams on Compute Module announcement". Raspberry Pi Foundation. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
  19. ^ "I2S driver development thread". Retrieved 16 September 2014.
  20. ^ More GPIOs can be used if you do not use the low level peripherals
  21. ^ Since the release of the revision 2 model
  22. ^ "Raspberry Pi GPIO Connector;". Elinux.org. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  23. ^ Adams, James (7 April 2014). "Comment by James Adams on Compute Module announcement". Raspberry Pi Foundation. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
  24. ^ "Power supply confirmed as 5V micro USB". Raspberrypi.org. Retrieved 25 July 2012.
  25. ^ Adams, James (7 April 2014). "Comment by James Adams on Compute Module announcement". Raspberry Pi Foundation. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
  26. ^ "musem ~ GEM GEM 1000 Junior Computer / Charlemagne 999". Old-computers.com. Retrieved 2013-12-27.

Category:Z80-based home computers Category:Home computers Category:1983 introductions


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Mahjongg/sandbox
TypeHome computer
Release dateJuly 1983
Introductory priceUS$99
MediaCassette tape
Operating systemBASIC
CPUZilog Z80A @ 3.57 MHz
Memory2KB RAM (expandable to 64KB)
InputKeyboard

The Rabbit RX83 was an obscure home computer produced by Rabbit Computers of Hong Kong, it was launched at the 1983 edition of the Consumer Electronics Show.[1][2] Little more is known about the machine which, like the less obscure Brazilian MC-1000 from Comércio de Componentes Eletrônicos, seems to have derived from the Belgian GEM 1000, a low cost toy computer for children from 5 years upwards, produced in Taiwan by GEM International Corporation.[3]

History

[edit]

The RX83 was released In a market already saturated with cheap machines with very similar features. Even with the attractive price of U.S. $ 99, it did not arouse much attention. The fact that it wasn't a "clone" of similar 8-bit systems (like the Apple, the TRS-80 or even the Sinclair Spectrum) certainly did not contributed to its popularity.

In addition to the poor design and "Chiclet keyboard", the RX83 had a 2 only KB of RAM (very small, even by the standards of 1983). Like the Sinclair Spectrum the commands of the BASIC, (which was similar to the Apple 2's Applesoft BASIC) were typed by pressing a single key.

Technical specifications

[edit]


References

[edit]
  1. ^ Creative Computing, September 1983, Volume 9, No. 9, p. 202. Retrieved on March 20 of 2008.
  2. ^ release announcement and photo RX83 in Bally Alley. Retrieved on March 12 of 2008
  3. ^ "CCE MC 1000 – 1985". GamePlayerSpecial. Retrieved 2013-12-27.

Category:Z80-based home computers Category:Home computers Category:1983 introductions

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