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Robert Lachmann[edit]

Robert Lachmann (* 1975 in Freital, German Democratic Republic) is a german scientist, gynecologist and obstetrician who is best known for his achievements in prenatal medicine and obstetrics[1]. He is the Founder and Medical Director of the Fetal Medicine Centre Germany. His ranking in the most important social network for science Research Gate is currently above 90 percent compared to other scientists[1].

An important part of his work is engaging in education of patients and parents about safety of ultrasound assessment during pregnancies especially in Germany[2][3].

[4]

Lachmann studied human medicine at the Free University Berlin and the Technical University Dresden. His MD thesis[5] he prepared about early detection and management of tricuspid atresia during pregnancy at the University of Bonn in the department for obstetrics and gynecology led by Ulrich Gembruch. He received his clinical education mainly at the University Women's Clinic Dresden, the University Women's Clinic Bonn and at Kings College Hospital London at the Harris Birthright Research Center for Fetal Medicine under the guidance of Kypros Nicolaides[6]. There he began and from then on continuously peer- reviewed published research especially regarding the early detection of important pregnancy complications affecting perinatal mortality and maternal mortality, such as pre-eclampsia[7][8][9][10], preterm birth[11][12][13], chromosomal abnormalities[14][15] and the majority of organ malformations of the unborn child, which were previously not recognizable at 11 to 13 weeks of gestation, receiving the FMF/ISUOG Diploma in Fetal Medicine[16][17]. These include spina bifida[18][19][20][21][22], Cleft lip and palate[23][24], so far rarely detected variations of Holoprosencephaly[25] and Dandy-Walker Malformation[26][27][28] (cerebellar malformations) and others i. e. Agenesis of the corpus callosum[29]. These malformations were only recognizable so far at a much later age of gestation; for the most part only from 20 weeks of pregnancy[30] on. He specifically publishes scientific publications on the subject of ultrasound in prenatal medicine which support the concept for individualized pregnancy care starting from 11 to 13 weeks of gestation by Kypros Nicolaides named "Turning the Pyramid Of Prenatal Care"[31][32][33][34]: He firstly described that with one method, (calculation of the ratio between brain stem diameter vs. a diameter incorporating 4th ventricle and cisterna magna - the BS-BSOB ratio[35][36]) at the time of the first trimester screening two major malformation complexes (spina bifida and cerebellar malformations such as Dandy Walker Malformation) can be almost completely excluded which were so far not so early excludable before 18 weeks of gestation. The BS-BSOB ratio - in comparison to other methods - has been proven to be the most valuable with achieving the highest detection rate and lowest false-positive rate screening parameter[37]. Lachmann also described together with colleagues such as Kypros Nicolaides, Elena Sinkovskaya, Alfred Abuhamad an easy to depict additional visualisation in the ultrasound picture between the sphenoid bone and the occipital bone as the single line sign in both malformation complexes compared to the normal two-lines-sign in healthy unborns[38][39][40]. His work has been confirmed by other scientific groups using also multicenter studies[41][42][43][44]. He mainly focuses in the early detection of these malformations by means of easy-to-learn methodology[45] in the level in which the nuchal translucency[46] is measured. In addition, much of his additional work in collaboration with the Max Planck Institute is dedicated to studies of the embryonic development of the brain[47][48][49][50][51][52][53].

References[edit]


  1. ^ "Fetal Medicine Centre Dresden / Dr. Robert Lachmann - Dr. R. Lachmann". www.fetalmedicinecentre.de (in German). Retrieved 2019-12-09.
  2. ^ ""Ultraschall rettet Leben" | Freie Presse - Gesundheit". www.freiepresse.de (in German). Retrieved 2019-12-23.
  3. ^ "„Ultraschall in der Schwangerschaft rettet Leben"". www.saechsische.de. Retrieved 2019-12-23.
  4. ^ Potentially Detectable Defects at 11 to 13 wks of gestation. Midsagittal view for Measurement of NT., retrieved 2019-12-10
  5. ^ Berg, C.; Lachmann, R.; Kaiser, C.; Kozlowski, P.; Stressig, R.; Schneider, M.; Asfour, B.; Herberg, U.; Breuer, J.; Gembruch, U.; Geipel, A. (2010). "Prenatal diagnosis of tricuspid atresia: intrauterine course and outcome". Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 35 (2): 183–190. doi:10.1002/uog.7499.
  6. ^ "Fetal Medicine Centre Dresden / Dr. Robert Lachmann - Dr. R. Lachmann". www.fetalmedicinecentre.de (in German). Retrieved 2019-12-09.
  7. ^ Poon, L. C. Y.; Akolekar, R.; Lachmann, R.; Beta, J.; Nicolaides, K. H. (2010-03-15). "Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: screening by biophysical and biochemical markers at 11-13 weeks". Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology: n/a–n/a. doi:10.1002/uog.7628.
  8. ^ Lachmann, R.; Poon, L. C.; Nicolaides, K. H. (2009). "OC20.03: Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy: screening by uterine artery Doppler and blood pressure at 11-13 weeks: Oral communication abstracts". Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 34 (S1): 37–37. doi:10.1002/uog.6571.
  9. ^ Dunkel, F; Wimberger, P; Lachmann, R (2014-06-06). "Maternale Morbidität und Mortalität bei hypertensiven Schwangerschaftserkrankungen". Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde (in German). 74 (05): s–0034–1376481. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1376481. ISSN 0016-5751.
  10. ^ Dunkel, F; Wimberger, P; Rüdiger, M; Lachmann, R (2014-06-06). "Fetale und neonatale Morbidität und Mortalität bei hypertensiven Schwangerschaftserkrankungen". Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde (in German). 74 (05): s–0034–1376480. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1376480. ISSN 0016-5751.
  11. ^ Schrettenbrunner, I; Meusel, M; Lachmann, R (2014-09-05). "Transvaginalsonografie der Cervix beim kombinierten Screening auf Frühgeburt mit 11–13 SSW: Vergleich von Untersucherqualität". Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde (in German). 74 (S 01): s–0034–1388211. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1388211. ISSN 0016-5751.
  12. ^ Meusel, M; Schrettenbrunner, I; Lachmann, R (2014-06-06). "Stellenwert von Transvaginalsonografie und Transabdominalsonografie beim kombinierten Screening auf Frühgeburt mit 11 – 13 SSW". Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde (in German). 74 (05): s–0034–1376500. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1376500. ISSN 0016-5751.
  13. ^ Lachmann, Robert; Schleußner, Ekkehard (2013). "Prädiktion, Prävention und Diagnostik: Frühgeburt". gynäkologie + geburtshilfe (in German). 18 (4): 32–38. doi:10.1007/s15013-013-0172-3. ISSN 1439-3557.
  14. ^ Ball, Susan; Wright, David; Sodre, Danielle; Lachmann, Robert; Nicolaides, Kypros H. (2012). "Temporal Effect of Afro-Caribbean Race on Serum Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A at 9–13 Weeks' Gestation in Screening for Aneuploidies". Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy. 31 (3): 162–169. doi:10.1159/000336252. ISSN 1015-3837. PMID 22377654.
  15. ^ Moratalla, J.; Pintoffl, K.; Minekawa, R.; Lachmann, R.; Wright, D.; Nicolaides, K. H. (2010-07-08). "Semi-automated system for measurement of nuchal translucency thickness". Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 36 (4): 412–416. doi:10.1002/uog.7737.
  16. ^ Syngelaki, Argyro; Chelemen, Teodora; Dagklis, Themistoklis; Allan, Lindsey; Nicolaides, Kypros H. (2011). "Challenges in the diagnosis of fetal non-chromosomal abnormalities at 11-13 weeks". Prenatal Diagnosis. 31 (1): 90–102. doi:10.1002/pd.2642.
  17. ^ "Kypros Nicolaides". www.ob-ultrasound.net. Retrieved 2019-12-09.
  18. ^ Lachmann, Robert (2018). "Comment on "A prospective study on fetal posterior cranial fossa assessment for early detection of open spina bifida at 11-13 weeks" by Kose et al.: Spina bifida detection at 11-13 weeks". Congenital Anomalies. 58 (2): 77–77. doi:10.1111/cga.12265.
  19. ^ Lachmann, Robert (2012). "Correspondence regarding research letter published by Arigita et al". Prenatal Diagnosis. 32 (2): 201–201. doi:10.1002/pd.2924.
  20. ^ Lachmann, Robert; Chaoui, Rabih; Moratalla, Jose; Picciarelli, Gemma; Nicolaides, Kypros H. (2011). "Posterior brain in fetuses with open spina bifida at 11 to 13 weeks". Prenatal Diagnosis. 31 (1): 103–106. doi:10.1002/pd.2632.
  21. ^ Lachmann, R.; Petros, M.; Scheier, M. (2011). "Fourth-Ventricle, Cisterna Magna and Posterior Brain in Fetuses with Open Spina Bifida Between 11 + 0 and 13 + 6 Weeks". Ultrasound in Medicine & Biology. 37 (8): S10. doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2011.05.070.
  22. ^ Lachmann, R.; Picciarelli, G.; Moratalla, J.; Greene, N.; Nicolaides, K. H. (2010). "Frontomaxillary facial angle in fetuses with spina bifida at 11-13 weeks' gestation". Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. 36 (3): 268–271. doi:10.1002/uog.7718.
  23. ^ Lachmann, R; Schilling, U; Brückmann, D; Brückmann, A (2017). "The maxillary gap sign at 11 – 13 weeks – intra- and interobserver reliability in isolated cases". GebFra. Linz: s–0037–1606916. doi:10.1055/s-0037-1606916.
  24. ^ Lachmann, Robert; Schilling, Uwe; Brückmann, Detlef; Weichert, Alexander; Brückmann, Andreas (2018). "Isolated Cleft Lip and Palate: Maxillary Gap Sign and Palatino-Maxillary Diameter at 11–13 Weeks". Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy. 44 (4): 241–246. doi:10.1159/000481773. ISSN 1015-3837.
  25. ^ "中文DOI". www.chinadoi.cn. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2014.08.03. Retrieved 2019-12-09.
  26. ^ Brückmann, A; Brückmann, D; Hering, A; Lachmann, R (2016-08-18). "Abnormal posterior brain and molar tooth sign in a fetus with Joubert syndrome at 11 – 13 weeks – new gene mutation discovered: Case report". Ultraschall in der Medizin - European Journal of Ultrasound (in German). 37 (S 01): s–0036–1587871. doi:10.1055/s-0036-1587871. ISSN 0172-4614.
  27. ^ Sinkovskaya, E; Lachmann, R; Abuhamad, A (2011). "Three-Dimensional sonography of the posterior fossa in fetuses with Dandy Walker malformation at 11–13 weeks". Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie (in German). 215 (S 01): s–0031–1293293. doi:10.1055/s-0031-1293293. ISSN 0948-2393.
  28. ^ Lachmann, R.; Sinkovskaya, E.; Abuhamad, A. (2011). "OC08.03: Assessment of posterior fossa in fetuses with Dandy-Walker malformation at 11-13 weeks: a pilot study: Oral communication abstracts". Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 38 (S1): 15–15. doi:10.1002/uog.9135.
  29. ^ Lachmann, Robert; Sodre, Danielle; Barmpas, Michail; Akolekar, Ranjit; Nicolaides, Kypros H. (2013). "Midbrain and Falx in Fetuses with Absent Corpus Callosum at 11–13 Weeks". Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy. 33 (1): 41–46. doi:10.1159/000339943. ISSN 1015-3837. PMID 22854275.
  30. ^ Syngelaki, Argyro; Chelemen, Teodora; Dagklis, Themistoklis; Allan, Lindsey; Nicolaides, Kypros H. (2011). "Challenges in the diagnosis of fetal non-chromosomal abnormalities at 11-13 weeks". Prenatal Diagnosis. 31 (1): 90–102. doi:10.1002/pd.2642.
  31. ^ Lachmann, Robert; Schleußner, Ekkehard (2013). "Prädiktion, Prävention und Diagnostik: Frühgeburt". gynäkologie + geburtshilfe (in German). 18 (4): 32–38. doi:10.1007/s15013-013-0172-3. ISSN 1439-3557.
  32. ^ Lachmann, R; Wimberger, P (2013-11-12). "Screening auf Präeklampsie mit 11 – 13 SSW: Vorläufige Akzeptanzdaten". Zeitschrift für Geburtshilfe und Neonatologie (in German). 217 (S 01): s–0033–1361253. doi:10.1055/s-0033-1361253. ISSN 0948-2393.
  33. ^ Lachmann, Robert (2014). "Das Konzept „Turning the pyramid of care": Neues, erweitertes Ersttrimester-Screening". gynäkologie + geburtshilfe (in German). 19 (5): 29–32. doi:10.1007/s15013-014-0499-4. ISSN 1439-3557.
  34. ^ Nicolaides, Kypros H. (2011). "Turning the Pyramid of Prenatal Care". Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy. 29 (3): 183–196. doi:10.1159/000324320. ISSN 1421-9964.
  35. ^ Lachmann, Robert; Chaoui, Rabih; Moratalla, Jose; Picciarelli, Gemma; Nicolaides, Kypros H. (2011). "Posterior brain in fetuses with open spina bifida at 11 to 13 weeks". Prenatal Diagnosis. 31 (1): 103–106. doi:10.1002/pd.2632.
  36. ^ Lachmann, Robert; Sinkovskaya, Elena; Abuhamad, Alfred (2012). "Posterior brain in fetuses with Dandy-Walker malformation with complete agenesis of the cerebellar vermis at 11-13 weeks: a pilot study: Posterior brain in fetuses with Dandy-Walker malformation". Prenatal Diagnosis. 32 (8): 765–769. doi:10.1002/pd.3899.
  37. ^ Wertaschnigg, Dagmar; Ramkrishna, Jayshree; Ganesan, Sujatha; Tse, Cheryl; Scheier, Matthias; Volpe, Nicola; Ghi, Tullio; Meagher, Simon; Rolnik, Daniel L. "Cranial sonographic markers of fetal open spina bifida at 11 to 13 weeks of gestation". Prenatal Diagnosis. n/a (n/a). doi:10.1002/pd.5614. ISSN 1097-0223.
  38. ^ Scheier, M.; Lachmann, R.; Pětroš, M.; Nicolaides, K. H. (2011). "Three-dimensional sonography of the posterior fossa in fetuses with open spina bifida at 11-13 weeks' gestation". Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 38 (6): 625–629. doi:10.1002/uog.9067.
  39. ^ Lachmann, Robert; Sinkovskaya, Elena; Abuhamad, Alfred (2012). "Posterior brain in fetuses with Dandy-Walker malformation with complete agenesis of the cerebellar vermis at 11-13 weeks: a pilot study: Posterior brain in fetuses with Dandy-Walker malformation". Prenatal Diagnosis. 32 (8): 765–769. doi:10.1002/pd.3899.
  40. ^ Potentially Detectable Defects at 11 to 13 wks of gestation. Midsagittal view for Measurement of NT., retrieved 2019-12-10
  41. ^ Bornstein, Eran; Rodríguez, José Luis Goncalves; Pavón, Erika Carolina Álvarez; Quiroga, Héctor; Or, Drorit; Divon, Michael Y. (2013). "First-Trimester Sonographic Findings Associated With a Dandy-Walker Malformation and Inferior Vermian Hypoplasia". Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. 32 (10): 1863–1868. doi:10.7863/ultra.32.10.1863.
  42. ^ Volpe, P.; Contro, E.; Fanelli, T.; Muto, B.; Pilu, G.; Gentile, M. (2016). "Appearance of fetal posterior fossa at 11-14 weeks in fetuses with Dandy-Walker malformation or chromosomal anomalies: Early evaluation of posterior fossa". Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 47 (6): 720–725. doi:10.1002/uog.14883.
  43. ^ "中文DOI". www.chinadoi.cn. doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-4254.2014.08.03. Retrieved 2019-12-09.
  44. ^ Lachmann, Robert (2018). "Comment on "A prospective study on fetal posterior cranial fossa assessment for early detection of open spina bifida at 11-13 weeks" by Kose et al.: Spina bifida detection at 11-13 weeks". Congenital Anomalies. 58 (2): 77–77. doi:10.1111/cga.12265.
  45. ^ Potentially Detectable Defects at 11 to 13 wks of gestation. Midsagittal view for Measurement of NT., retrieved 2019-12-09
  46. ^ "Nuchal translucency scan | Certificates of competence | FMF certification | Welcome to the Fetal Medicine Foundation". fetalmedicine.org. Retrieved 2019-12-09.
  47. ^ Mora-Bermúdez, Felipe; Badsha, Farhath; Kanton, Sabina; Camp, J Gray; Vernot, Benjamin; Köhler, Kathrin; Voigt, Birger; Okita, Keisuke; Maricic, Tomislav; He, Zhisong; Lachmann, Robert (2016-09-26). "Differences and similarities between human and chimpanzee neural progenitors during cerebral cortex development". eLife. 5: e18683. doi:10.7554/eLife.18683. ISSN 2050-084X. PMC 5110243. PMID 27669147.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link) CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  48. ^ Camp, J. Gray; Badsha, Farhath; Florio, Marta; Kanton, Sabina; Gerber, Tobias; Wilsch-Bräuninger, Michaela; Lewitus, Eric; Sykes, Alex; Hevers, Wulf; Lancaster, Madeline; Knoblich, Juergen A. (2015-12-07). "Human cerebral organoids recapitulate gene expression programs of fetal neocortex development". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences: 201520760. doi:10.1073/pnas.1520760112. ISSN 0027-8424.
  49. ^ Florio, M.; Albert, M.; Taverna, E.; Namba, T.; Brandl, H.; Lewitus, E.; Haffner, C.; Sykes, A.; Wong, F. K.; Peters, J.; Guhr, E. (2015-03-27). "Human-specific gene ARHGAP11B promotes basal progenitor amplification and neocortex expansion". Science. 347 (6229): 1465–1470. doi:10.1126/science.aaa1975. ISSN 0036-8075.
  50. ^ Fietz, S. A.; Lachmann, R.; Brandl, H.; Kircher, M.; Samusik, N.; Schroder, R.; Lakshmanaperumal, N.; Henry, I.; Vogt, J.; Riehn, A.; Distler, W. (2012-07-17). "Transcriptomes of germinal zones of human and mouse fetal neocortex suggest a role of extracellular matrix in progenitor self-renewal". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 109 (29): 11836–11841. doi:10.1073/pnas.1209647109. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3406833. PMID 22753484.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: PMC format (link)
  51. ^ Lachmann, R; Fietz, Sa; Huttner, Wb (2014-06-06). "Impaired cerebral cortex development in human fetuses with posterior brain abnormalities and diagnosed open neural tube defects at 11 – 13 weeks". Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde (in German). 74 (05): s–0034–1376501. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1376501. ISSN 0016-5751.
  52. ^ Lachmann, R.; Fietz, S. A.; Huttner, W. B. (2014). "OC24.03: Impaired cerebral cortex development in human fetuses with posterior brain abnormalities and diagnosed open neural tube defects at 11–13 weeks". Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology. 44 (S1): 56–56. doi:10.1002/uog.13621. ISSN 1469-0705.
  53. ^ Fietz, Simone A; Namba, Takashi; Kirsten, Holger; Huttner, Wieland B; Lachmann, Robert (2020-01-17). "Signs of reduced basal progenitor levels and cortical neurogenesis in human foetuses with open spina bifida at 11-15 weeks of gestation". The Journal of Neuroscience: 0192–19. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0192-19.2019. ISSN 0270-6474.



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