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Opinion polls[edit]

Date Conducted by Sample size In favour Against Undecided/Neutral Notes
4-6 June 2004[1] Newspoll 1200 38% 44% 18% Commissioned by SBS World Television
June 2007[2] Galaxy Research 1100 57% 37% 6% Commissioned by GetUp! 71% of respondents supported same-sex couples having the same legal entitlements as opposite-sex de facto couples.[3]
June 2009[4] Galaxy Research 1100 60% 36% 4% Commissioned by the Australian Marriage Equality. Those aged 50 or above were the only age bracket to oppose same-sex marriage recognition, at a 55% disapproval rate. Support highest among Greens voters (82%) and those aged 16–24 (74%)[4]
October 2010[5] Galaxy Research 1050 62% 33% 5% 78% of respondents supported a conscience vote on the recognition of same-sex marriage, with 16% opposed and 6% undecided. Support was highest amongst those respondents aged 18–24 (84%), and who lived in South Australia (83%). The majority of respondents from each state and each age bracket were in support.
March 2011[6] Essential Media ? 49% 40% 10% Opposition was up by 4%
July 2011[7][8] Roy Morgan Research 543 68% 30% 2% 78% classified marriage as a "necessary" institution, with only 22% stating it was an "unnecessary" institution.
November 2011 Who No. X% X% X% Notes
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A November 2011 Galaxy Research poll, commissioned by the Australian Marriage Equality group, of over 1000 voters found that 80% agreed that Tony Abbott should allow the Liberal/National Coalition a conscience vote on same-same marriage legislation as the Australian Labor Party do. Support for a conscience vote among Coalition supporters reached an all-time high of 76%[9]

In a February 2012 online poll of 1506 Australian adult members on the Nine Rewards website by Angus Reid Public Opinion found that 49% of respondents said same-sex couples should be allowed to legally marry, 31% said they should be allowed to enter into civil unions but not marry and 14% opposed any legal recognition.[10] No attempt was made to make the survey representative of the entire population, and the Nine Rewards website is associated with the Nine Network, an Australian television channel popular with older and more conservative viewers.

From February–April 2012 the House of Representatives conducted an online survey to provide a simple means for the public to voice their views on same-sex marriage and the two bills in the parliament which sought to legalise it, the Marriage Equality Amendment Bill 2012 and the Marriage Amendment Bill 2012.[11] The survey closed on 20 April, having received approximately 276,000 responses, including about 213,500 comments.[12] Of these responses, 64.3% supported same-sex marriage, or approximately 177,600 of the respondents. The report acknowledged that "The online survey was not a statistically valid, random poll. Respondents were self-selected, in that they chose to participate if they wished." [13]

A May 2013 Ipsos poll found that 54% of respondents were in favour of same-sex marriage and another 20% supported another form of recognition for same-sex couples.[14] Results from the August 2013 Vote Compass survey of Australian voters found that 52% of respondents supported same-sex marriage, 12% were neutral, and 36% believed that marriage "should only be between a man and a woman".[15] A 2015 Vote Compass survey with 20,000 respondents found 53% supported same-sex marriage, 10% neutral and 36% opposed. Support for same-sex marriage was higher among women, people with university degrees and higher incomes, and people under 34.[16]

An August 2013 poll conducted by Fairfax Media and Nielson Polling found that 65% of respondents supported legalising marriage between same-sex couples, up 8 points since December 2011, while only 28% were opposed (down 7 points). Support was greater among women (75%) than men (55%) and greater among younger voters than older voters.[17] 57% of respondents said that same-sex marriage was "not important at all" in deciding how they would vote in the coming election.[18] Even for those supporting same-sex marriage 49% said that the issue was "not important at all" in deciding their vote.[17]

In June 2014, Crosby Textor Group[19] was commissioned by Australian Marriage Equality to poll the public on same-sex marriage. Their survey included the following questions on the common reasons for opposition:[20]

Reason Agree (%) Disagree (%)
People who choose to be gay know that their choice means they cannot get married 30% 58%
It is fine for same-sex couples to have a ceremony, but it should not be called ‘marriage’ 30% 63%
The recognition of de facto relationships and civil unions is enough; we don’t need same-sex marriage too 29% 63%
Children need both a mother and a father, and legalising same-sex marriage could break that down 29% 65%
The institution is already under threat and should not be further undermined by this 24% 67%
Marriage is only meant to be between a man and a woman, so this is wrong and should not be encouraged 24% 69%
Marriage is a religious institution and no changes should be made to it against the wishes of religious groups 23% 70%
Same-sex marriages could devalue traditional marriages 22% 73%
Allowing same-sex marriage will lead to some people losing their religious freedoms 16% 72%
Allowing same-sex marriage is a slippery slope and could lead to issues like polygamy 17% 74%

A July 2014 poll, commissioned by Australian Marriage Equality and conducted by the [Crosby Textor Group found that 72% of Australians supported legalising same-sex marriage, while only 21% were opposed. A majority of those identifying with major religions supported same-sex marriage, including Catholics, Anglicans and non-Christian religions as did a majority of older Australians aged over 55. Mark Textor stated "This poll definitively puts pay to some of the myths that married couples or those with religious beliefs are against same-sex marriage. It doesn't devalue their marriages or faith, and instead gives everyone equal access to the rights they are accorded". Further, 77% of respondents agreed that Coalition MPs and Senators should be granted a conscience vote on the issue.[21][22] Jim Reed, director of Research and Strategy at the Crosby Textor Group argued in an opinion piece that the poll represented a "seismic shift in public attitudes towards marriage equality."[23]

Also in July 2014 Newscorp's Newspoll recorded a high vote in favour of same-sex marriage, with two-thirds of respondents supporting marriage between same-sex couples.[24]

A June 2015 Fairfax/Ipsos poll found 68% of respondents expressed support to the question Do you support or oppose legalising marriage between same-sex couples? 25% answered that they were opposed and 7% answered 'Don't Know'.[25]

In July 2015, a Sexton research poll was undertaken to determine the most important issues the federal government should focus on. Survey respondents rated same-sex marriage as equal 13th as their prioritisation.[26] The Australian activist group GetUp! polls the views of its members (termed Vision Surveys) to provide guidance for its "top campaign issues". GetUp! members ranked 'Marriage Equality' as campaign issue No. 16, scoring 2.1% of the votes.[27] The Australian reports that recent research has placed doubts on the accuracy of earlier poll claims. The Australian also says there have been 5 Australian polls taken since May 2015 on 'support for same-sex marriage' with the respective results being 68%, 58%, 59%, 59% and 54%.[26]

A Sexton Research survey, commissioned by Marriage Alliance (a group which does not support same-sex marriage) was undertaken in July 2015. The Sexton research has queried the findings of the above June 2014, Crosby Textor Group poll.[26] It was also reported that same-sex marriage was ranked in national importance, by participants, in the Crosby Textor study as 13th priority.[26] Same-sex marriage was rated as 16th in a GetUp! members survey.[27]

In August 2015 Fairfax/Ipsos found SSM support constant at 69% with 25% opposed, although support was much higher among under-25s (88%) than over-55s (55%).[28]

A community survey by Essential Media Communications[29] showed support for same-sex marriage at 60% and support for a parliamentary vote at 22%, with support for a people's vote at 66%[30] and in a Sexton survey of 1,200 people, support for a people's vote was 76%.[31]

In September 2015, an Essential Media Communications poll found 67% of Australians wanted a peoples’ vote (i.e., referendum or plebiscite) to resolve the definition of marriage, with "little change since this question was asked in August".[32] However, in October 2015, another Essential poll found that support for a people's vote on the issue fell to 43% when informed that "a national vote on same-sex marriage would cost around $150 million". 41% favoured a parliamentary vote.[33] The same poll also found that 59% of respondents thought that "same-sex couples should be allowed to marry", 30% of respondents thought that "same-sex couples should not be allowed to marry", whilst 11% answered "do not know".[33]

A March 2016 Essential Media poll found that 64% of respondents agreed that same-sex couples should be allowed to marry, 26% stated they should not be allowed to marry and 11% answered "don't know".[34]

A July 2016 Galaxy Research poll, commissioned by Parents and Friends of Lesbians and Gays, found decreasing levels of support for the plebiscite. Asked weather one supported having a plebiscite, 48% of respondents stated they did and 30% stated they did not. This marked a sharp drop in support for the plebiscite when contrasted with a June/July 2016 poll conducted by Fairfax Media and Ipsos, which found 69% approval for the plebiscite. In the Galaxy poll, the pro-plebiscite figure dropped to 35% when respondents were informed the plebiscite was not legally binding and dropped further to 25% when the $160 million expected cost of the plebiscite was raised.[35]

An August 2016 Essential Media poll found that 57% of respondents stated they would vote 'yes' in a plebiscite to the question; "Do you approve of a law to permit people of the same-sex to marry?" A further 28% of respondents stated they would vote 'no' and 15% were unsure.[36]

  1. ^ Newspoll; SBS World Television. "June 2004 Newspoll re same-sex marriage" (PDF). Newspoll. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 April 2012. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
  2. ^ "Public backs gay unions, equality". theage.com.au.
  3. ^ "'Most Australians back same-sex marriage'". NewsComAu.
  4. ^ a b Same Sex Marriage Report (July 2009)
  5. ^ Same-Sex Marriage Study (October 2010)
  6. ^ [ http://www.essentialvision.com.au/same-sex-marriage-3]
  7. ^ Noonan, Andie (2 August 2011). "Marriage support on the increase". Star Observer. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
  8. ^ "CAN OF WORMS: SIXTH TOPICAL – "DOES MARRIAGE MATTER ANYMORE" RESULTS SUMMARY" (PDF). Roy Morgan Research. Retrieved 25 September 2016.
  9. ^ Abbott comes under pressure to allow same-sex marriage conscience vote: The Australian 5 December 2011
  10. ^ Australians Support Same-Sex Marriage More Than Americans and Britons: Angus Reid Public Opinion 12 March 2012 [dead link]
  11. ^ "Inquiry into the Marriage Equality Amendment Bill 2012 and the Marriage Amendment Bill 2012". Aph.gov.au. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
  12. ^ "Inquiry into the Marriage Equality Amendment Bill 2012 and the Marriage Amendment Bill 2012 - Summary of responses". Aph.gov.au. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
  13. ^ "Inquiry into the Marriage Equality Amendment Bill 2012 and the Marriage Amendment Bill 2012 - Report". Aph.gov.au. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
  14. ^ "Same-Sex Marriage". Ipsos. 7–21 May 2013.
  15. ^ "Vote Compass: Majority of voters back gay marriage". abc.net.au. 29 Aug 2013.
  16. ^ Claire Aird (7 Mar 2015). "NSW Election 2015: Most NSW voters support same-sex marriage, Vote Compass finds". ABC News. Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
  17. ^ a b "Gay marriage support up but it won't change poll". The Sydney Morning Herald.
  18. ^ Neilsen, Mary Anne. "Same-sex marriage". Australian Parliament House. Retrieved 10 May 2014.
  19. ^ "Record support for same-sex marriage - News - The C-T Group". crosbytextor.com.
  20. ^ Arguments Against Same-Sex Marriage
  21. ^ Mark Textor (15 Jul 2014). "New poll shows record 72% support for marriage equality". Crosby Textor Group.
  22. ^ Lisa Cox (15 July 2014). "Poll shows growing support for same-sex marriage". The Age. Fairfax Media. Retrieved 15 July 2014.
  23. ^ Jim Reed (31 July 2014). "The tides have turned on same-sex marriage". The Drum. Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
  24. ^ Natasha Bita (July 16, 2014). "Marriage equality wins support of two out of three". The Australian.
  25. ^ Phillip Coorey (16 June 2015). "Fairfax/Ipsos poll: Gay marriage support at record". Australian Financial Review.
  26. ^ a b c d Shanahan, Dennis; Crowe, David (11 August 2015). "Same-sex marriage: voters in no rush". The Australian. Retrieved 19 August 2015.
  27. ^ a b "Our top campaign issues". GetUp!. 2015. Retrieved 20 August 2015.
  28. ^ "Labor lead increases after 'Choppergate' scandal – Fairfax Ipsos Poll". Ipsos. 17 August 2015. Retrieved 17 August 2015.
  29. ^ "Essential Media Communications". Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  30. ^ "The Essential Report" (PDF). 25 August 2015. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  31. ^ Shanahan, Dennis; Lewis, Rosie (17 August 2015). "Leave gay marriage to us: voters". The Australian. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
  32. ^ "The Essential Report: Decision on same-sex marriage (page 16)" (PDF). Essential Media Communications. 22 September 2015. Retrieved 26 September 2015.
  33. ^ a b "The Essential Report: 27 October 2015 (see pages 9 & 10)" (PDF). Essential Media Communications. 27 October 2015.
  34. ^ "The Essential Report: 15 March 2016" (PDF). Essential Media Communications. 15 March 2016.
  35. ^ Heath Aston (20 July 2016). "Poll questions level of community support for same-sex marriage plebiscite". Fairfax Media. The Sydney Morning Herald.
  36. ^ "The Essential Report: 30 August 2016" (PDF). Essential Media Communications. 30 August 2016.
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