User:FinanzenDame/sandbox
VocaLink is a payment systems company headquartered in the United Kingdom, created in 2007 from the merger between Voca and LINK (UK).[1][2] It designs, builds and operates the UK payments infrastructure, which underpins the provision of the Bacs payment system, the Direct Debit system, the UK ATM LINK switching platform covering 65,000 ATM’s, the UK Faster Payments systems.[3]
VocaLink processes over 90% of UK salaries, more than 70% of household bills and 98% of state benefits.[4] In 2011 the company processed over 9.6 billion UK payments with a value of over £4.4 trillion,[5] increasing to 10billion transactions valued at £5trillion in 2013.
Background
[edit]In 1968, the Joint Stock Banks Clearing Committee chaired by Dennis Gladwell, set-up the Inter-Bank Computer Bureau to modernise the existing paper-based standing order system. Secure electronic funds transfer between banks was introduced from later that year,[6] significantly reducing both the processing time and human error associated with paper-based transactions, particularly bulk payments.[7] In 1971 the company adopted the name "Bankers Automated Clearing Services Limited", soon shortened to BACS, which was formally adopted as the companies name in 1985.[8]
Cruickshank Report
[edit]In November 1998 HM Treasury commissioned a review of competition within the UK banking sector, to be chaired by Sir Don Cruickshank. Reporting in March 2000, The Cruickshank Report of competition within the UK banking sector, recommended that:[9]
- Clearance scheme ownership and management should be split from infrastructure operation and delivery
- Infrastructure management should be conducted on a commercial basis with fair and open access to third parties
- A need for a low-cost way to transfer money quickly[10]
In response, on 1 December 2003, Bacs Payment Schemes Ltd (BPSL) was split from Bacs Limited. BPSL was established as a not for profit company with members from the banking industry, the purpose of which is to promote the use of automated payment schemes and governs the rules of the Bacs scheme. Bacs Limited owns the infrastructure to run the Bacs scheme. Bacs Limited was permitted to continue to use the Bacs name for one year, becoming Voca Limited on 12 October 2004.[11]
LINK Interchange Network Ltd
[edit]LINK Interchange Network Ltd was formed in 1985 to create interoperability between ATMs across England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. It became an international network in the 1990s through connection with the MasterCard and Visa networks. In October 2002 LINK launched the first service that used ATMs as a retail channel, enabling the facility to top-up a mobile phone top-up at an ATM, bringing banking and mobile phones together for the consumer.[12]
Faster payments
[edit]In 2005 a joint proposal from Voca and LINK was selected to deliver the payment-processing infrastructure for the Faster Payments Service, a near real-time interbank transfer for internet and telephone banking. Since its launch in 2008, over three billion faster payment transactions have been processed by VocaLink.[13]
After forming a strong working partnership, which brought Voca's bulk processing together with LINK's real-time payment switching, the companies agreed to merge on 2 July 2007 to form VocaLink.[14]
UK Payments Infrastructure
[edit]Bacs
[edit]Bacs provides two payment products:
- Bacs Direct Credits, payer-initiated interbank transfers. VocaLink processes 2 billion of these payments every year, including over 90% of all UK salaries and 98% of state benefits.
- Direct Debits, transfers initiated by authorised payees. Three-quarters of UK adults have at least one direct debit commitment; the average person has at least six.[15]
VocaLink provides the underlying BACSTEL-IP infrastructure for Bacs,[16] which processes over 5.6 billion of clearing and settlement of automated payments a year,[17] with a value of £4.2 trillion.
LINK
[edit]VocaLink provides the switching infrastructure behind LINK, the busiest ATM switching system in the world which switches over 3.5 billion card-initiated transactions from 130 million enabled cards annually.[18]
Faster Payments Service
[edit]VocaLink designed, built and operates the infrastructure for the Faster Payments Service on behalf of the Faster Payments Scheme. Running in parallel with Bacs and CHAPS, launched in 2008 it enables interbank transfers in real time. Since 2008, over three billion Faster Payments transactions have been securely processed by VocaLink.[19]
Mobile payments
[edit]Paym
[edit]VocaLink provides the underlying technology to Paym, a mobile payment system for the UK developed by the Payments Council.[20] Recipients are identified by their mobile phone number instead of bank details such as sort code and account number.[21] It was launched through participating banks and building societies in April 2014,[22] and once users opt-in will by end of 2014 support 9 out of 10 UK bank accounts.[23]
Zapp
[edit]Vocalink has developed Zapp, a function that will reside within mobile banking apps to allow users to make real-time payments to retailers when shopping online or in-store. Partners include HSBC, Nationwide, Metro Bank and WorldPay. The service open to all financial institutions, merchants, acquirers and consumers.[24]
International Payments Infrastructure
[edit]On 12 July 2010 through EAPS, LINK opened all UK cash machines to the similar German Girocard scheme operated by Zentraler Kreditausschuss.[25] Similarly the VocaLink agreement with the Pulse network allows Discover card and Diners Club International cardholders to use LINK ATMs.[26] VocaLink also provides a gateway service to Visa, MasterCard and China Union Pay.
In May 2008, VocaLink signed a deal with the Swedish Automated Clearing House Bankgirot, to outsource part of the Swedish payments system. This was the first time that the processing of a national payments scheme has been transferred to a non-domestic player.[27]
In March 2014 in partnership with BCSIS, VocaLink launched the Immediate Payments Service (IPS) in Singapore (branded locally as FAST), enabling 14 Singaporean banks to offer the ability to transfer funds between bank accounts in real time.
Take Home Pay Index
[edit]The VocaLink Take Home Pay Index tracks monthly take home pay levels in the UK. Compiled using data captured by VocaLink from the salary payments of over 200 FTSE 350 companies and 600 public sector organisations, the indices are split by broad sector group: Manufacturing; Services; Public Sector; FTSE 350.[28]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Anticipated merger between LINK Interchange Network Limited and Voca Limited". Office of Fair Trading. www.oft.gov.uk. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
- ^ "OFT approves Voca-Link merger". www.computerworlduk.com. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
- ^ "Written evidence submitted by VocaLink". House of Commons. www.parliament.uk. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
- ^ "Competition and Choice in Retail Banking" (PDF). Pg10. Vol 3, Ninth Report of Session 2010–11. House of Commons Treasury Committee. Retrieved 15 September 2010.
- ^ "VocaLink Partners with BCSIS to Offer Immediate Payments in Singapore". P Newswire UK. 29 October 2012. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
- ^ Ninth Report of Session 2010–11 (Report) (Vol 3 ed.). House of Commons Treasury Committee. 15 September 2010. p. 10.
- ^ "Bacs Ltd and Charteris in new initiative to help major Bacs users". Charteris plc. 2004.
- ^ "Bacs Corporate History". Bacs. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
- ^ "The Cruickshank Report" (PDF). UK Treasury. 1 June 2014.
- ^ "The Cruickshank report: Competition in the banking industry under scrutiny". Practical Law Company. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
- ^ "Bacs". Bacs. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
- ^ "Top Up and Go". Top Up and Go. Retrieved 15 March 2013.
- ^ Peachey, Kevin (22 May 2008). "How fast is faster payment plan?". news.bbc.co.uk/. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
- ^ "OFT approves Voca-Link merger". www.computerworlduk.com. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
- ^ "Late payments debt high enough to put UK SMEs out of business". www.sourcewire.com. 28 September 2012. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
- ^ "Voca flicks the SOA switch - Voca has overhauled its IT architecture in preparation for pan-European payments". www.information-age.com. Retrieved 15 March 2013.
- ^ "VocaLink". The Payments Council. Retrieved 14 March 2013.
- ^ "LINK - the UK ATM network". Retrieved 10 July 2013.
- ^ Vanessa Zainzinger (28 September 2012). "Late payments debt high enough to put UK SMEs out of business". Real Business. Retrieved 19 July 2014.
- ^ "Paym overview". Payments Council. Retrieved 21 April 2014.
- ^ "Payments via mobile number to start this month". BBC News. 2 April 2014.
- ^ "Who is involved?". Payments Council. Retrieved 21 April 2014.
- ^ Papworth, Jill (10 March 2014). "Paym promises mobile-to-mobile current account payments". The Guardian.
- ^ Leo Kelion (January 15 2014). "UK lenders to offer Zapp payments in banking apps". BBC News. Retrieved July 22 2014.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=and|date=(help) - ^ "UK ATMs open to German Girocard Holders". LINK. Retrieved 12 July 2010.
- ^ "DINERS CLUB INTERNATIONAL CARDS GAIN ACCESS TO THE LINK ATM NETWORK". Retrieved 10 July 2013.
- ^ "Bankgirocentralen BGC AB launches strategic partnership with VocaLink". BGC. Retrieved 15 March 2013.
- ^ "UK pay rises at record low, says Vocalink". BBC. March 10 2011. Retrieved 17 June 2013.
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