User:Dsinger1/Child sexuality

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Article Draft[edit]

Contemporary issues[edit]

In the latter part of the 20th century, sexual liberation probably arose in the context of a massive cultural explosion in the United States of America following the upheaval of the Second World War, and the vast quantity of audiovisual media distributed worldwide by the new electronic and information technology. Children are apt to gain access and be influenced by material, despite censorship and content-control software.[1][edit]

Sex education[edit]

Main article: Sex education
The extent of sex education in public schools varies widely around the world, and within countries such as the United States where course content is determined by individual school districts. A series of sex education videos from Norway, intended for 8–12 year olds, includes explicit information and images of reproduction, anatomy, and the changes that are normal with the approach of puberty. Rather than diagrams or photos, the videos are shot in a locker room with live nude people of all ages. The presenter, a physician, is relaxed about close examination and touching of relevant body parts, including genitals. While the videos note that the age of consent in Norway is 16, abstinence is not emphasized. As of 2015, however, 37 U.S. states required that sex education curricula include lessons on abstinence and 25 required that a "just say no" approach be stressed. Studies show that early and complete sex education does not increase the likelihood of becoming sexually active, but leads to better health outcomes overall.[2][edit]

Social Media's Role on Child Sexuality:[edit]

The impact of social media on adolescent sexuality is a multifaceted concern requiring ongoing research for a comprehensive understanding. Research suggests that exposure to sexual content on social media can influence adolescents' sexual attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors, given their vulnerable state during this developmental period when gender roles, sexual attitudes, and behaviors are actively being shaped[3][4]. Studies have identified a positive association between high-frequency social media use and increased sexual risk behaviors among adolescents[5].

Exposure to sexual displays on social media sites has been linked to problematic beliefs and behaviors among both content creators and viewers, particularly affecting adolescents who are more susceptible to these effects and may encourage risky sexual behavior, associated with an increase in sexually transmitted infection rates and unintended pregnancies[6] [7]. Social media can have both positive and negative effects on the sexual orientation of children and adolescents. For instance, it may provide a safe space for sexual identity exploration and expression for LGBTQ+ youth, fostering connectivity, social support, and positive impacts on well-being[8] [9]. While early adopters of the LGBTQ+ identity within the youth use social media to understand their sexuality and connect with like-minded individuals, contributing to improved emotional support and development[10], it's important to note that social media can also expose children to inaccurate and potentially harmful information about sexuality, perpetuate risky sexual behaviors, and provide anonymity to potential dangers[11], further covered in the proceeding sections.

Sexualization of children[edit]

Over recent decades, children have been subject to a premature sexualization, as indicated by a level of sexual knowledge or sexual behavior inappropriate for their age group.[12] The causes of this premature sexualization that have been cited include portrayals in the media of sex and related issues, especially in media aimed at children; the marketing of products with sexual connotations to children, including clothing; the lack of parental oversight and discipline; access to adult culture via the internet; and the lack of comprehensive school sex education programs.[13][14] For girls and young women in particular, studies have found that sexualization has a negative impact on their "self-image and healthy development".[15]

Social media has been associated with an increase in child sexual exploitation and abuse. Reports indicate that social media platforms have become a pipeline for the rapid spread of child sexual abuse material (CSAM), leading to an alarming increase in the dissemination of such content[16][17][18] Further, child predators use social media to identify and groom potential victims, and the closed or private social media groups enable them to connect with like-minded peers and trade tips on how to secretly record and share CSAM[19].

Main article: Online child abuse

References[edit]

  1. ^ Dill, Karen (2009). How Fantasy Becomes Reality: Seeing Through Media Influence. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195372083.Dill, Karen (2009). How Fantasy Becomes Reality: Seeing Through Media Influence. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0195372083.
  2. ^ Zadrozny, Brandy (May 14, 2015). "Are These the World's Most Graphic Sex-Ed Videos?". The Daily Beast.Zadrozny, Brandy (May 14, 2015). "Are These the World's Most Graphic Sex-Ed Videos?". The Daily Beast.
  3. ^ Joel W Grube, Enid Gruber (2000). "Adolescent sexuality and the media: a review of current knowledge and implications". Western Journal of Medicine. doi:10.1136/ewjm.172.3.210. PMID 10734819.
  4. ^ Nancy Allen, Matthew Broom (2017). "Social Media and Sexual Behavior Among Adolescents: Is there a link?". JMIR Public Health and Surveillance. doi:10.2196/publichealth.7149. PMID 28526670.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  5. ^ Nancy Allen, Matthew Broom (2017). "Social Media and Sexual Behavior Among Adolescents: Is there a link?". JMIR Public Health and Surveillance. doi:10.2196/publichealth.7149. PMID 28526670.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  6. ^ Collins, Rebecca L; Strasburger, Victor C; Brown, Jane D (2017). "Sexual Media and Childhood Well-being and Health". Pediatrics. 140 (2): S162. doi:10.1542/peds.2016-1758X.
  7. ^ De Ridder, Sander (2017). "Social Media and Young People's Sexualities: Values, Norms, and Battlegrounds". Sage Journals. doi:10.1177/2056305117738992.
  8. ^ Collins, Rebecca L; Strasburger, Victor C; Brown, Jane D (2017). "Sexual Media and Childhood Well-being and Health". Pediatrics. 140 (2): S162. doi:10.1542/peds.2016-1758X.
  9. ^ Randolph C.H. Chan, Benefits and risks of LGBT social media use for sexual and gender minority individuals: An investigation of psychosocial mechanisms of LGBT social media use and well-being, Computers in Human Behavior, Volume 139, 2023, 107531, ISSN 0747-5632, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107531. Site: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S074756322200351X
  10. ^ Joel W Grube, Enid Gruber (2000). "Adolescent sexuality and the media: a review of current knowledge and implications". Western Journal of Medicine. doi:10.1136/ewjm.172.3.210. PMID 10734819.
  11. ^ Ripes, Jessie. "The Pros and Cons of Social Media on Sexuality". Modern Intimacy.
  12. ^ Kaeser, Fred (2001-10-30). "The effects of increasing sexualization on children". Towards a Better Understanding of Children's Sexual Behavior. NYU Child Study Center. Retrieved February 22, 2007. We know that exposure to sexualized messages, particularly those that are incomprehensible, can have several effects on children.
  13. ^ Lamb, Sharon; Zurbriggen, Ellen L.; Collins, Rebecca L.; Roberts, Tomi-Ann; Tolman, Deborah L.; Ward, L. Monique; Blake, Jeanne (2007). Report of the American Psychological Association Task Force on the Sexualization of Girls (Report). American Psychological Association (APA).
  14. ^ Lamb, Sharon (2006). Sex, therapy, and kids: addressing their concerns through talk and play. New York: W.W. Norton & Co. ISBN 9780393704792.
  15. ^ Lamb, Sharon; Zurbriggen, Ellen L.; Collins, Rebecca L.; Roberts, Tomi-Ann; Tolman, Deborah L.; Ward, L. Monique; Blake, Jeanne (2007). Report of the American Psychological Association Task Force on the Sexualization of Girls (Report). American Psychological Association (APA). The proliferation of sexualized images of girls and young women in advertising, merchandising, and media is harming girls' self-image and healthy development. This report explores the cognitive and emotional consequences, consequences for mental and physical health, and impact on development of a healthy sexual self-image
  16. ^ Thiel, David; DiResta, Renee. "Addressing Child Exploitation on Federated Social Media". Stanford University. Cyber Policy Center.
  17. ^ "How the Internet is Drowning in Child Sex Abuse Content". Alliance to counter crime online.
  18. ^ Company, Fast; Article, Curated. "SOCIAL MEDIA IS ACCELERATING THE SPREAD OF CHILD SEXUAL ABUSE MATERIAL". Giving Compass.
  19. ^ "How the Internet is Drowning in Child Sex Abuse Content". Alliance to counter crime online.
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