User:Dr. Grampinator/sandbox/Later Historians

First part of Later Historians

Main article: Historians and Histories of the Crusades

This list of medieval historians of the Crusades identifies the historians and their works related to the Crusades that were published between fall of Acre in 1291 and 1600. As such, it provides context for the medieval historiography of the Crusades beyond the original sources.. This includes authors and works from the late thirteenth century through the fifteenth century. Works are referenced, where available, to the various national collection of biographies, collections linked to the digital libraries of the University of Michigan's HathiTrust and OCLC's WorldCat, and the bibliographic work of Les Archives de littérature du Moyen Âge (ARLIMA) and Bibliothèque nationale de France (BnF).

Historians and their works

Thirteenth century

After the fall of Acre in 1291, there was a significant push for a new Crusade to retake the Holy Land. Histories written after that time have typically combined a chronology with proposals for additional Crusades. This period also saw the rise of knighthood and the notion of chivalry.

William of Tudela

William of Tudela (fl. 1199 – 1214), also known as Guillaume de Tudèle, was a poet who wrote in Old Occitan of the Albigensian Crusade of 1209–1229.

• Canso de la Crozada or Song of the Albigensian Crusade (13th century). Translation by Janet Shirley in Crusade Texts in Translation, Volume 2.

Jean Pierre Sarrasin

Jean Pierre Sarrasin (died 1275) was chamberlain to Louis IX of France.

• Lettres françaises du XIIIe siècle. Letters from the Seventh Crusade.

Primat of Saint-Denis

Primat of Saint-Denis (died between 1277–1285) was a Benedictine monk and historian.

• Roman des rois (1274). The Roman des rois (Romance of Kings) was written in Old French and provides a detailed account of the reign of Louis IX of France and the Seventh Crusade and Eighth Crusade. Roman des rois was the earliest version of the Grandes Chroniques de France.
• La Chronique (after 1335). Latin version of Roman des rois covering only the years 1248–1277. Transcribed by French monk and translator Jean de Vignay.

La Devise des Chemins de Babiloine

La Devise des Chemins de Babiloine is an anonymous account detailing the strengths of Mamluk armies in Egypt and Syria and gave mileages of the various routes between Cairo and the Delta ports. It was prepared as an intelligence report in preparation for a future Crusade to be launched against Mamluk Cairo.

• La Devise des Chemins de Babiloine (1289–1291). In Itinéraires à Jérusalem et descriptions de la Terre Sainte...(1882) by French historians Gaston Raynaud and Henri-Victor Michelant.
• The Devise des Chemins de Babilione, redated (1994). By British historian Robert Irwin. In The Military Orders, Volume I: Fighting for the Faith and Caring for the Sick, edited by British medieval historian Malcolm Barber.

Fidentius of Padua

Fidentius of Padua (before 1226 – after 1291) was a Franciscan friar and historian.

• Liber recuperations Terre Sancte (1291). A history of the Holy Land and approaches to retaking the Kingdom of Jerusalem, delivered to pope Nicholas IV. Liber also included an adverse biography of the Prophet Muhammad. In Biblioteca bio-bibliografica della Terra Santa e dell'Oriente francescano, Volume 2, edited by Girolamo Golubovich.

Thaddeus of Naples

Thaddeus of Naples (fl. 1291) was an Italian magister.

• Hystoria de desolacione civitatis Acconensis (1292). A history based on eyewitness accounts of the fall of Acre of 1291, embroidered by accusations of widespread cowardice. His violent language was intentional, and the object was to shame the West into launching a new Crusade. The work ended with an appeal to the pope, to the princes, and to the faithful to rescue the Holy Land as the Christians' heritage
• Hystoria de desolacione et conculcacione civitatis Acconensis et tocius Terre Sancte, in A. D. 1291 (1874). Edited by Paul Riant.

Jacques Bretel

Jacques Bretel (fl. 1285) was a French-language trouvère.

• Le Tournoi de Chauvency, 2 volumes (1 + supplement) (1285). A poem concerning the Tournament of Chauvency. Held in 1285 by Louis V, Count of Chiny, the famed tournament brought together nearly 500 knights from around Europe. Participants included Rudolf I of Germany, Frederick III, Duke of Lorraine and Guy of Dampierre, Count of Flanders. A modern, however fanciful, description of the tournament can be found in The Reign of Chivalry by British historian Richard Barber.
• Roman de Castelain de Couci et de la dame de Fayel (13th century). A romantic poem using the cœur mangémotif, sometimes attributed to the 13th-century trouvère Jakemés. (cf. French Wikipedia, Roman du châtelain de Coucy et de la dame du Fayel)

Galvano of Levanti

Galvano of Levanti (fl. late 13th century) was a physician in the papal court of Boniface VIII (1294–1303) and a propagandist.

• Liber Sancti Passagii Christocolarum contra Saracenos pro recuperatione Terra Sanctae (1295). A work dedicated to Philip IV of France that called for a new Crusade. Galvano was influenced by Thaddeus of Naples' account of the fall of Acre.

Ramon Lull

Ramon Lull (1232/1236–1315), also known as Raymond Lully or Ramon Llull, was a Spanish missionary to the Arab world. Lull was stoned to death in Tunisia in 1315.

• Le Libre del Orde de Cauayleria (1279–1283). Lull's account of the order of chivalry is translated to The book of the Ordre of chyualry, by English writer William Caxton (c. 1422 – c. 1491) and appears as Volume 168 of the Early English Text Society (EETS).

• Petitio pro recuperatione Terrae Sanctae (1295). A document presented to pope Boniface VIII (1294–1303) proposing a new Crusade and the combining the military orders into a single organization. This was a follow-up to Petitio Raymundi pro conversione infidelium (1294) presented to pope Celestine V (1294).
• Liber de Fine (1305). An elaboration of Petitio pro recuperatione Terrae Sanctae.
• Raymundi Lulli Opera (1598). Edited by Heinrich C. A. von Nettesheim.
• Raimond Lulle, in Histoire littéraire de la France, Tome XXIX (1895). A biographical account edited by French historian Jean-Barthélemy Hauréau.
• Le Bienheureux Raymond Lulle (1232-1315) (1900). A biography by French historian Marius André (1868–1927).

Guillaume de Nangis

Guillaume de Nangis (died 1300) was a French chronicler and biographer, particularly of Louis IX of France and Phillip III of France.

• Chronicon (1300). A chronicle of the history of the world from the Creation until 1300. For the period before 1113, the work is that of the medieval author Sigebert of Gembloux (1030–1112) among others. It also borrows from La Chronique by Benedictine monk and historian Primat of Saint-Denis. A continuation to 1368 was done by Prior Jean de Venette.
• Vie et vertus de Saint Louis d'après Guillaume de Nangis et le confesseur de la reine Marguerite (1877). A version of Nangis' Vie et vertus de Saint Louis, edited by French historian René de Lespinasse.
• Mémoire sur les ouvrages de Guillaume de Nangis (1873). A commentary on the works of Nangis by French historian Léopold V. Delisle.

Pierre Dubois

Pierre Dubois (1255–1321) was a French publicist and propagandist.

• De Recuperatione Terre Sancte (1304). A work proposing the recovery of the Holy Land using the wealth of the Knights Templar and Knights Hospitaller.

Hayton of Corycus

Hayton of Corycus (1240 – 1310/1320), also known as Hethum of Gorigos was an Armenian noble and historian.

• La Flor des estoires de la terre d'Orient (1307). The Flower of the Histories of the East is found in RHC Documents arméniens (1869–1906), Volume 2.II, and concerns the Muslim conquests and Mongol invasion. It contains a summary of Levantine history, together with a discussion of the state of the Mamluk sultanate. Hayton proposed a double expedition and co-operation with the Armenians and the Mongols.
• Table Chronologique des Evénement en Syrie, Palestine et Arménie de 1076 à 1307 (1307). In RHC Documents arméniens.

Jacques de Molay

Jacques de Molay (1240–1314) was the last Grand Master of the Knights Templar.

• Report to Clement V (1306). A report to pope Clement V recommending against the merging of the Templars and Hospitallers. Reprinted in Étienne Baluze's Vitae Paparum Avenionensium.

Guillaume Adam

Guillaume Adam (died 1341) was a missionary to and later archbishop of Soltaniyeh, Persia.

• De modo Sarracenos extirpandi (1316–1317). An account detailing his approach for the West to defeat the Byzantine empire and the Ilkhanids.
• Directorium ad passagium faciendum (1330). A treatise that proposed a crusade, presented to Philip VI of France (1328–1350), that may have been written by G. Adam. In RHC Documents arméniens, Volume 2.IV.

Guy of Warwick

Guy of Warwick (Gui de Warewic) was a legendary English hero popular in England and France from the thirteenth to seventeenth centuries. He is reputed to have made a pilgrimage to the Holy Land and is erroneously regarded as real in some fifteenth-century chronicles, including that by English historian John Rous.

• Guy of Warwick: a knight of Britain who in his day did many deeds of prowess (1525).
• Fragments of an early fourteenth-century Guy of Warwick.
• The noble and renowned history of Guy, earl of Warwick (1829). Containing a full and true account of his many famous and valiant actions, and renowned victories.

Fourteenth century

The Crusaders maintained a presence in the Holy Land until the fall of Ruad in 1302 and much of the historical work was then concentrated on the Kingdom of Cyprus, the military orders and the Mongol invasion of Europe, and renewed plans for a new Crusade to retake Jerusalem. Significant portions of the Recueil des historiens des croisades (RHC), Palestine Pilgrims' Text Society (PPTS) library and Francesco Gabrieli's Arab historians of the Crusades are devoted to works from the 14th century.

Gérard de Monréal

Gérard de Monréal (fl. 1314 – 1321) was secretary to Guillaume de Beaujeu, Grand Master of the Knights Templar, from 1273–1291. Monréal is believed to have written the later part of Les Gestes des Chiprois (Deeds of the Cypriots), an Old French chronicle of the history of the Crusader states and Kingdom of Cyprus between 1132–1311.

• Les Gestes des Chiprois, 3 parts in 1 volume (1314–1321). A history of the Crusades in three parts: (1) Chronique de Terre Sainte (anonymous author) covering the period from 1131–1222; (2) History of the War between the Emperor Frederick and Sir John of Ibelin, covering the period 1223–1242, by Italian historian Philip of Novara (1200–1270); (3) Chronique du Templier de Tir, covering the Crusades through 1311. The work includes one of only two eyewitness accounts of the fall of Acre in 1291 and the trial of the Knights Templar in 1311.
• Les gestes des Chiprois: recueil de chroniques françaises écrites en Orient au XIIIe & XVIe siècles (1887). Translation for the Société de l'Orient latin by French historian and philologist Gaston Raynaud (1850–1911). Raynaud's version of Les gestes des Chiprois is found in both RHC Documents arméniens (1869–1906), Volume 2.VI, and Revue de l'Orient Latin (ROL), Volumes XIIIe, XIVe.

Jean de Joinville

Jean de Joinville (1224–1317) was a French chronicler who accompanied Louis IX of France on both the Seventh Crusade and Eighth Crusade, authoring his influential biography.

• Life of Saint Louis (1309), a biography of Louis IX, relying on the Grandes Chroniques de France for events after 1254. Joinville was with Louis during his captivity by the Egyptians in 1250 after the battle of al-Mansurah. Reprinted in Bohn's Libraries.
• Memoirs of the Crusades (1955). Translation by British biographer Frank Thomas Marzials (1840–1912). Consists of the chronicle De la Conquête de Constantinople of Geoffrey of Villehardouin and Joinville's Life of Saint Louis.

Rashid-al-Din

Rashid-al-Din Hamadani (1247–1318) was a Jewish-turned-Islamic physician and historian who was vizier to the Ilkhan Ghazan.

• Jāmiʿ al-Tawārīkh (Compendium of Chronicles) is a history of the Mongols from the time of Adam until 1311. The books include History of the Mongols, regarding the Khanate conquests from Genghis Khan through that of Ghazan. They also include the History of the Franks through 1305, based on sources such as Italian explorer Isol the Pisan (fl. 1300) and the Chronicon pontificum et imperatorum of Martin of Opava. The third part of geography has been lost.
• A Compendium of Chronicles: Rashid al-Din's Illustrated History of the World (1995). Edition by American art historian Sheila Blair.

Foulques de Villaret

Foulques de Villaret (died 1327) was Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller from 1305–1319.

• La Devise des Chemins de Babiloine (1306–1307). A document prepared for Foulques de Villaret providing an assessment of Mamluk forces, as research for a possible invasion. When the document was written in 1306–1307, al-Nasir Muhammad was the sultan of Egypt and Syria.
• Mémoire de Foulques de Villaret sur la croisade (1312). At the time of the Council of Vienne in 1311-1312, Foulques wrote to Philip IV of France of the Hospitaller's preparation for any future Crusade.

Peter of Dusburg

Peter of Dusburg (died after 1326) was a German historian and chronicler of the Teutonic Knights.

• Chronicon terrae Prussiae (1326). A chronicle of the Teutonic Order and their role in the Northern Crusades.

Jean de Vignay

Jean de Vignay (c. 1282/1285  –  c. 1350) was a French monk and translator.

• De la chose de la chevalerie. On the Matter of Chivalry, a translation of De re militari of Roman writer Vegetius (fl. fourth century).
• Les merveilles de la Terre d'Outremer (after 1331). A translation of the Descriptio orientalium partium of Franciscan pilgrim Odoric of Pordenone (1286–1331).
• Le Miroir historial (1333). A translation of the Speculum historiale of French Dominican Vincent of Beauvais (c. 1184/1194 – c. 1264).
• La Légende dorée (1333 or 1334), a translation of the Legenda aurea (Golden Legends) of Italian chronicler James of Varagine (c. 1230 – 1298).
• La Chronique (after 1335). Latin version of Roman des rois by Benedictine monk and historian Primat of Saint-Denis (died between 1277–1285), a detailed account of the reign of Louis IX of France.

John VI Kantakouzenos

John VI Kantakouzenos (1292-1383) was Byzantine emperor from 1347–1354.

• Historia (after 1341). Includes an account of Godfrey of Bouillon's arrival in Constantinople in 1096, in Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae (CSHB) Volumes 5–7.
• Against Mohammedanism (after 1341). In his Historia.

Hamd-Allah Mustawfi

Hamd-Allah Mustawfi (1281-1349) was a Persian historian and geographer. Also known as Hamd-Allah Mustawfi Qazvini.

• Ḏayl-e Tāriḵ-e gozida (after 1329). A compendium of world history from Creation until 1329, dedicated to the son of Rashid-al-Din Hamadani.
• Nozhat al-qolub (1340). A work on geography that may be derived from Rashid-al-Din's lost work.
• Histoire des Seldjoukides et des Ismaéliens ou assassins de l'Iran (1849). Extracts from Ḏayl-e Tāriḵ-e gozida,translated by Charles Defrémery (1822–1883). A history of Persia under the Seljuk dynasty and the Assassins. The Seljuks originated in 985, with the sultans beginning with Tughril (1039–1063) and ending with Toghril III(1174–1194). The Assassins began under Hassan-i Sabbah (1050–1124) and were eradicated by the Mongols in 1256.

Geoffroi de Charny

Geoffroi de Charny (1300–1356) was a French knight and author. De Charny and his wife are the first recorded owners of the Shroud of Turin, lost after the sack of Constantinople in 1204.

• Book of Chivalry (Livre de chevalerie) (c. 1350). A treatise intended to explain the appropriate qualities for a knight, reform the behavior of the fighting classes, and defend the chivalric ethos against its critics, mainly in clerical circles.

Guillaume de Machaut

Guillaume de Machaut (1300–1377) was an influential French poet and composer.

• La Prise d'Alexandre (after 1369). An account of the campaign of Peter I of Cyprus, titular king of Jerusalem, against Egypt during the Alexandrian Crusade of 1365. The edition of 1887 was edited by French historian Louis de Mas Latrie (1815–1897)

Informatio ex parte Nunciorum Regis Cypri

Informatio ex parte Nunciorum Regis Cypri is an anonymously written history of Cyprus through the 14th century including an account of Henry II of Cyprus, the last crowned king of Jerusalem, and his plans to retake the Holy Land from the Mongols. It is included in Documents and Histoire de l'île de Chypre sous le règne des princes de la maison de Lusignan by French historian Louis de Mas Latrie.

Ibn al-Furat

Ibn al-Furat (1334–1405) was an Egyptian historian.

• Taʾrīkh al-duwal wa 'l-mulūk (History of the Dynasties and Kingdoms), 11 volumes (15th century). A universal history for which only the portions after 1106 were completed.
• Negotiations with Hugh III, King of Jerusalem and Cyprus. Material concerning Hugh III of Cyprus, excerpted and translated from Taʾrīkh al-duwal wa 'l-mulūk.

Nicephorus Gregoras

Nicephorus Gregoras (1295–1360) was a Byzantine theologian and historian.

• Byzantine History (Histoire de Byzance), 37 volumes (after 1359). A history covering the years 1204–1359, continuing the work of Greek historian Georgius Pachymeres (1242 – c. 1310). In RHC Historiens grecs (1875–1881), Volume 1.V, and Patrologia Graeco-Latina (MPG), Volumes 148 (Books 1–24) and 149 (Books 25–37).

Guillaume Durand

Guillaume Durand (1267 – 1328/1330) was bishop of Mende. Durand was sent as an embassy by pope John XXII and Charles IV of France to the Ottoman sultan Orhan (1326–1360) in order to obtain more favourable conditions for the Latins in Syria.

• De modo celebrandi concilii et corruptelis, 3 volumes (1311). Written for pope Clement V, who later issued papal bull Vox in excelso.
• Informatio brevis de Passagio futuro (1312). A treatise on a possible Crusade to the Holy Land. In Histoire littéraire de la France, Tome XXXV.

Jean Dardel

Jean Dardel (fl. 1375–1383), was a French friar who was an advisor to Leo V of Armenia.

• Chronique d'Arménie. A chronicle of Armenian history that covers through the 14th century. In RHC Documents arméniens (1906), Volume 2.I.

Eustache Deschamps

Eustache Deschamps (1346–1407) was a French poet.

• Deschamps' Poems and the Crusade. In The Crusade of Nicopolis (1934) by Egyptian Coptologist Aziz S. Atiya.

Nicephoros Callistus

Nicephoros Callistus (Nikephoros Kallistos Xanthopoulos) (c. 1256 – c. 1335) was a Greek ecclesiastical historian.

• Historia Ecclesiastica, 18 books (c. 1330). A history down to 610, heavily dependent on his predecessors including Eusebius and Socrates.
• Lists of the emperors and patriarchs of Constantinople (date unknown)
• Poem on the capture of Jerusalem in 1187 (date unknown).

Ibn Khaldūn

'Abd al-Raḥmār ibn Khaldūn (before 1337 – 1406) was an Arab scholar of Islam, social scientist and historian, who has been described as the father of the modern discipline of historiography.

• Kitāb al-ʻIbar, 7 volumes (1337), Book of Lessons, Record of Beginnings and Events in the History of the Arabs and the Berbers and Their Powerful Contemporaries. Includes three parts: al-Muqaddimah (Prolegomena), a universal history of empires; A world history of events up to 1337; and Historiography of works from Arabic Africa.

Al-Nuwayrī

Muḥammad ibn al-Ḳāsim al-Nuwayrī al-Iskandarānī al-Māliki (fl. 1365–1373) also known as al-Nuwayrī, was a Muslim historian from Alexandria, Egypt. He was eyewitness to the Alexandrian Crusade of 1365.

• Kitāb al-Ilmām fīmā jarat bihi ʾl-aḥkām al-maḳḍiyya fī wāḳiʿat al-Iskandariyya , 6 volumes (between 1365–1374). A history of the city from the time of Alexander the Great and Aristotle through the Alexandrian Crusade and as late as 1374. Edited by Coptic historian Aziz S. Atiya and Swiss Egyptologist Étienne Combe in an edition published in 7 volumes (1968–1976).

Leontios Machairas

Leontios Machairas (1360/1380 – after 1432) was a Cypriot historian.

• Kronika (Chronicle) covering the history of Cyprus from the visit of Saint Helen in the late third century until 1432.
• Recital Concerning the Sweet Land of Cyprus, entitled Chronicle, English translation of Kronika by British archaeologist Richard M. Dawkins (1871–1955).
• The nature of the Cypriot chronicle of Leontios Makhairas (1945). Account by Richard M. Dawkins.

Badr al-Din al-Ayni

Badr al-Din al-Ayni (1360–1453), known as al-Aini, was an Arab Islamic scholar.

• 'Iqd al-Jūman fī Ta'rikh Ahl al-Zamán. Original Arabic version of Perles d'Historie.
• Perles d'Historie (The Necklace of Pearls), covering the Ayyubid and Mamluk sultanates from 1226, with most of the early work derived from previous histories. Full title: TheNecklace of Pearls concerning the History of the Peoples of the Time. In RHC Historiens orientaux, Volume 2.1.

Al-Makrizi

Al-Makrizi (1364–1442), an Egyptian historian also known as al-Maqrisi, was descended from the Fatimids. He wrote extensively on the caliphates and sultanates that ruled the country. Some of his material appears to be based on the works of ibn Muyessar and ibn Abd al-Zahir.

• Al-Mawāʻiẓ wa-al-Iʻtibār bi-Dhikr al-Khiṭaṭ wa-al-āthār, 2 volumes. French translation b Egyptoligist Urbain Bouriant as Description topographique et historique de l'Égypte, published from 1895–1900.
• Abhandlung über die in Aegypten eingewanderten arabischen stämme (1847). Translation of Al-Mawāʻiẓ wa-al-Iʻtibār bi-Dhikr al-Khiṭaṭ wa-al-āthār by German orientalist Ferdinand Wüstenfeld.
• History of the Ayyubit and Mameluke Rulers, 2 volumes (1837–1845). Translation by French orientalist Etienne Marc Quatremère.
• Muqaffa. The first sixteen-volumes of an Egyptian biographic encyclopedia. Egyptian historian al-Sakhawi estimated that the complete work would require eighty volumes.

Philippe de Mézières

Philippe de Mézières (c. 1327 – 1405) was a French knight and author. De Mézières travelled to Jerusalem and the Cyprus. In 1362, he traveled with Peter I of Cyprus, titular king of Jerusalem, visiting the princes of western Europe in quest of support for a new Crusade.

• Vie de Saint Pierre Thomas (1366). Life of saint Peter Thomas (1305–1366), who participated with de Mézières in the Alexandrian Crusade of 1365.
• Nova religio passionis (1367–1368; revised and enlarged in 1386 and 1396). A proposal for a new order of knighthood. Included in The Crusade of Nicopolis by Aziz Suryal Atiya.
• Description de deux manuscrits contenant la règle de la Militia passionis Jhesu Christi de Philippe de Mézières (1881). A description of two works of de Mézières, by French historian Auguste Molinier.
• Philippe de Mézièves et la croisade au XIVe siècle (1896), by Romanian historian Nicolae Iorga. Recounts the Crusade of Amadeus VI of Savoy (1366–1367). In Bibliothèque de l'École des hautes études. Sciences historiques et philologiques, Fascicule 110.

Jean Froissart

Jean Froissart (c. 1337 – c. 1405) was a Belgian medieval author and court historian.

• Chronicles of England, France, and the Adjoining Countries, 5 volumes (c. 1400). Known as Froissart's Chronicles. From the latter part of the reign of Edward II to the coronation of Henry IV. Edition translated from the best French editions, with variations and additions from many celebrated manuscripts, edited by Jean-Baptiste de La Curne de Sainte-Palaye and Thomas Johnes.

Fifteenth century

The fifteenth-century historical works on the Crusades saw the beginning of anti-Islam sentiments in Western works, with calls for a new crusade (e.g., Jean Germain's works) as well as propaganda by both Christian and Islamic writers. There were also accounts of conflicts of the Military Orders with the Turks, continued travel accounts, and regional chronologies. Several works from the Recueil des historiens des croisades (RHC), including Western, Arabic, and Greek works, can be found here. The first attempts at histories of the Crusades were made through the Itinerario di la Gran Militia and Benedetto Accolt's De Bello a Christianis contra Barbaros.

Juan de Segovia

Juan de Segovia (1395–1458) was a Castillan theologian who translated the Koran into Latin with the assistance of Islamic scholar ʿĪsā ibn Jābir.

• De mittendo gladio in Saracenos (c. 1475), a refutation of the Koran.
• Correspondence with Jean Germain and German philosopher Nicola de Cusa (1401–1464) on the dangers of Islam.

Jean Germain

Jean Germain (1400–1461) was bishop of Nevers from 1430–1436 and bishop of Châlons from 1436–1461. He was councilor to Philip the Good and chancellor to the Order of the Golden Fleece. (cf. French Wikipedia, Jean Germain)

• Mappemonde spirituelle (1449), a geographical work that plotted the history of Christian martyrs.
• Discours du voyage d'Oultremer (1451), a call to Charles VII of France for a new Crusade. Edited by French historian Charles Schefer in Revue de l'Orient Latin (ROL), Tome 3.
• Le Debat du Crestien et du Sarrasin (1450), a refutation of Islam with a debate between a Christian and a Muslim at the court of a sultan.
• Correspondence with Juan de Segovia and Nicola de Cusa on the dangers of Islam.
• Liber de Virtutibus Philippi Burgundiae et Bradantiae Ducis (1452).
• Situating Islamdom in Jean Germain's Mappemonde Spirituelle (2007). Analysis by David J. Wrisley.

Abu'l-Mahāsin

Abu'l-Mahāsin Yūsuf (1411–1469) was an Arabic historian who was a student of Egyptian historian al-Makrizi (1364–1442).

• Anecdotes and good habits of the life of the Sultan Youssof. A biography of Saladin. In RHC Historiens orientaux, Volume 3.
• Nodjoum az-Zahireh is extracted in RHC Historiens orientaux and covers the years 1098–1157 although his chronology differs from the more accepted one of ibn al-Athir. Abu'l Mahāsin and ibn al-Athir both offer accounts of the expeditions of emperor Basil II to Syria in the late tenth century.

Enguerrand de Monstrelet

Enguerrand de Monstrelet (c. 1400–1453) was a French chronicler who was present at the 1430 interrogation of Joan of Arc.

• La chronique d'Enguerran de Monstrelet: en deux livres, avec pièces justificatives 1400-1444, 6 volumes (15th century).
• The Chronicles of Enguerrand de Monstrelet, 4 volumes (1809). Containing an account of the cruel civil wars between the houses of Orleans and Burgundy; of the Possession of Paris and Normandy by the English; their expulsion thence; and of other memorable events that happened in the kingdom of France, as well as in other countries. Beginning in the year 1400, where that of Sir John Froissart finishes, and ending at the year 1467, and continued by others to the year 1516. Translated and edited by Thomas Johnes.

Itinerario di la Gran Militia

Itinerario di la Gran Militia, a la Pavese (Itinerary of the Great Army, in Pavese) is an anonymous fifteenth-century work on the First Crusade based on the work of William of Tyre. In RHC Historiens occidentaux, Volume 5.XIII.

Benedetto Accolti

Benedetto Accolti (1415–1464), also known as Benedict Aretini Accolti, was an Italian historian. His primary work was the first attempt at a history of the Crusades, concentrating on the First Crusade and the heroic role of Godfrey of Bouillon. The work was written to encourage support to pope Pius II for a new Crusade to the Holy Land and is regarded as propaganda.

• Dialogue (1461–1463). A work favorably comparing the achievements of the ancients to those of modern (15th century) times.
• De Bello a Christianis contra Barbaros gesto pro Christi Sepulchro et Judaea recuperandis libri IV (1464) (On the War carried on by the Christians against the Barbarians, for the Recovery of Christ's Sepulchre, and of Judea). With Leonardo Accolti. Edition in 1623 edited by Scottish historian Thomas Dempster. Published in RHC Historiens occidentaux, Volume 5.XI.

Grandes Chroniques de France

Grandes Chroniques de France, 6 volumes (1461). A compilation of the history of France produced between the 13th and 15th centuries by the monks of Saint-Denis. The original work, Roman des rois, by a Benedictine monk and historian Primat of Saint-Denis (died between 1277–1285), traced the kings of the Franks from the origins until the death of Philip II of France in 1223 and extended at a later date to the death of Charles V of France in 1380. The edition by French philologist Alexis Paulin Paris was published 1836–1840.

Doukas

Doukas (c. 1400 – 1470) was a Byzantine historian who flourished under Constantine XI Palaiologos.

• Historia byzantina (15th century). Volume 20 of Corpus Scriptorum Historæ Byzantinæ (CSHB), edited by German philologist August I. Bekker.
• Decline and fall of Byzantium to the Ottoman Turks (1975). Translation of Historia byzantina by H. J. Magoulias.

William Caxton

William Caxton (c. 1422 – c. 1491) was an English merchant, diplomat, and writer, introducing the printing press into England, in 1476, and the first English retailer of printed books.

• Godeffroy of Boloyne: The siege and conqueste of Jerusalem (1893). By William of Tyre (c. 1130 – 1186). Translated by W. Caxton and edited from the copy in the British museum, with introduction, notes, vocabulary, and indexes, by Mary Noyes Colvin. Taken from a French translation of William's Historia rerum in partibus transmarinis gestarum (History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea). In Early English Text Society, Extra series, Volume 64.
• The book of the Ordre of chyualry (1926). Translated and printed by W. Caxton from a French version of Ramón Lull's Le libre del orde de cauayleria, together with Adam Loutfut's Scottish transcript (Harleian ms. 6149), edited by Alfred T. P. Byles. Published for Early English Text Society, Original series, 168

Laonikos Chalkokondyles

Laonikos Chalkokondyles (c. 1430 – c. 1470) was a Byzantine Greek historian from Athens.

• Proofs of Histories, 3 volumes (Latin translation, 1556). Also known as Demonstrations of History. Encompasses the last 150 years of the Byzantine empire, covering 1298–1463. In Patrologia Graeco-Latina (MPG) Volume 159 and as Historiarum Libri Decem in Corpus Scriptorum Historiae Byzantinae (CSHB), Volume 10.

Gulielmus Caoursin

Gulielmus Caoursin (1430–1501) was vice-chancellor of the Knights Hospitaller. He was an eye-witness to the siege of Rhodes in 1480, an unsuccessful attack by the Ottoman fleet. (cf. French Wikipedia, Gulielmus Caoursin)

• Obsidionis Rhodiæ urbis descriptio (1480). Caoursin's account of the siege of Rhodes. English translation by English poet John Caius (fl. 1480). Reprinted in Edward Gibbon's The Crusades. Full title: The Delectable Newwesse and Tithynges of the Glorious Victory of the Rhodyans against the Turkes.
• Primordium et origo sacri Xenodochii atque Ordinis militiae Sancti Joannis Baptistae Hospitalariorum Hierosolimitani (1489). In RHC Historiens occidentaux, Volume 5.IX.v.i.
• Le fondement du S. Hospital de l'ordre de la chevalerie de S. Jehan Baptiste de Jerusalem (1493). In RHC Historiens occidentaux, Volume 5.IX.v.ii.
• De terræ motûs labore, quo Rhodii affecti sunt (1496). An account of the earthquake at Rhodes in 1481.
• Oratio in senatu Rhodiorum, de morte Turci, habita pridie Kalendas junias M.CCC.LXXXI (1496). Speech to the senate of Rhodes on the death of Ottoman sultan Mehmed II in 1481.
• Gestorum Rhodiae obsidionis commentarii (1496). Two illuminated manuscripts conserved at the Bibliothèque nationale de France, with 51 miniatures attributed to the maître du Cardinal de Bourbon.
• Hospitaller Piety and Crusader Propaganda (2015). Guillaume Caoursin's description of the Ottoman siege of Rhodes, by Theresa M. Vann and Donald J. Kagay.

Pierre d'Aubusson

Pierre d'Aubusson (1423–1503) was Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller from 1476–1503. He was commander of the garrison opposing the Turks during the siege of Rhodes in 1480.

• Account of the Siege of Rhodes. Included in The History of the Holy, Military, Sovereign Order of St. John of Jerusalem (1852) by English Hospitaller John Taaffe.
• Histoire de Pierre d'Aubusson (1667) by French Jesuit Dominique Bouhours (1628–1702). The life of the renowned Peter d'Aubusson, grandmaster of Rhodes: Containing those two remarkable sieges of Rhodes by Mahomet the Great, and Solyman the Magnificent. Accounts of the sieges of Rhodes in 1480 and 1522 made by Mehmed II and Suleiman the Magnificent, respectively.

Mīr-Khvānd

Mīr-Khvānd (1433–1498) was a Persian-language historian from Bukhara.

• Rawżat aṣ-ṣafāʾ fī sīrat al-anbiyāʾ w-al-mulūk w-al-khulafā (The Gardens of purity in the biography of the prophets and kings and caliph), 7 volumes with geographic index (1497). A history of Islam from its origins until the late fifteenth century. Uses over forty major Arabic and Persian histories.
• Guftār dar bayān-i tạbaqah-i chahārum az Mulūk-i ʻAjam kih īshān-rā Sāsāniyān gūyand. A history of the Sasanian empire
• Histoire des Sassanides. A translation of the Persian text Guftār dar bayān-i...
• The History of the Atábeks of Syria and Persia. Translation of portions of Volume 4 of Rawżat aṣ-ṣafāʾ, edited by English orientalist William H. Morley, with a section on the Coins Struck by the Atábeks of Irak by English antiquary and numismatist William S. W. Vaux (1818 –1885).
• Histoire des sultans du Kharezm. A history of the Khwarazmian dynasty of Persia (1077–1231). Translation by French orientalist Charles Defrémery.

Francesco Amadi

Francesco Amadi (died after 1445) was an Italian chronicler.

• Chroniques d'Amadi et de Stromboldi. Covers the Crusades from 1095 and a history of Cyprus through 1441.
• Chroniques d'Amadi. Includes narratives from a number of sources including Estoire d'Eracles, Annales de Terre Sainte and Gestes des Chiprois, along with original material.
• Chroniques de Stromboldi. A French edition of Leontios Machairas' Kronika, translated by Diomède Stromboldi.

John Rous

John Rous (c. 1411 – 1491) was an English historian and antiquary.

• The Rous Roll (1485). History of England written during the reign of Richard III of England. Presents a pro-Yorkist version of contemporary English history.
• The Warwick Roll (c. 1485). A family chronicle of the Beauchamp family, concerned mainly with the life of Richard Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warwick (1382–1439), a contemporary of Rous. Rous embraced the legend of Guy of Warwick, claiming he was an ancestor of the Beauchamps.
• Historia Regum Angliae (after 1485). History of the kings of England through Henry VII of England.

See also

• Crusades
• Crusader States
• Crusading Movement
• Islamic view on the Crusades

References

Category:Historians of the Crusades Category:Historiography of the Crusades Category:Crusade literature