User:Czar/drafts/Mur des Fédérés
Executions[edit]
The Mur des Fédérés is a wall on the eastern end of the Père Lachaise Cemetery where the last Communards of the Paris Commune were killed at the end of the semaine sanglante "bloody week" of repression.[1]
Commemoration[edit]
Soon after the semaine sanglante, the wall became Paris's predominant symbol of the Commune and a space for for its commemoration. By the 1870s, thousands of Commune sympathizers marched to the Mur des Fédérés twice annually to commemorate the start of the Commune and its end. The latter, memorializing the Commune's bloody suppression, became the major commemorative event by the 1880s, with schedules and maps posted in newspapers. The procession ended at the wall, where speakers glorified the valor of the communards. These processions served to mythologize the Commune and invigorated workers as a symbol of "bourgeois duplicity" and "heroic proletarian struggle".[2]
Following the Commune, the Government of Moral Order forbade depictions of the Commune.[3] Among the acts of censorship, an École des Beaux-Arts administrator removed Ernest Pichio's etching of the wall's executions from the 1875 Salon.[4]
References[edit]
- ^ Harison 2007, p. 15.
- ^ Harison 2007, p. 16.
- ^ Chu 2013, p. 85.
- ^ Tillier 2012, p. 93.
Bibliography[edit]
- Chu, Petra ten-Doesschate (2013). "Public Commemoration and Private Memory: Félix Bracquemond vis-à-vis the Siege of Paris and the Commune". Getty Research Journal (5): 73–88. ISSN 1944-8740. JSTOR 41825348.
- Harison, Casey (2007). "The Paris Commune of 1871, the Russian Revolution of 1905, and the Shifting of the Revolutionary Tradition". History and Memory. 19 (2): 5–42. doi:10.2979/his.2007.19.2.5. ISSN 0935-560X. JSTOR 10.2979/his.2007.19.2.5.
- Tillier, Bertrand (2012). "The Impact of Censorship on Painting and Sculpture, 1851-1914". Yale French Studies (122): 79–103. ISSN 0044-0078. JSTOR 23646027.
Further reading[edit]
- Frégosi, Franck (2011). "La « montée » au Mur des Fédérés du Père-Lachaise Pèlerinage laïque partisan". Archives de sciences sociales des religions (in French). 56 (155): 165–189. ISSN 0335-5985. JSTOR 41239681.
- Réberioux, Madeleine (1984). "Le Mur des Fédérés". In Nora, Pierre (ed.). Les Lieux de mémoire. Bibliothèque illustrée des histoires (in French). Paris: Gallimard. pp. 619–649. ISBN 978-2-07-070192-6.
- Rebérioux, Madeleine (2017). "Le mur des fédérés". Litterature et politique (in French): 479–500.
- https://books.google.com/books?id=-JcLOEKvJ2kC&pg=PA45
- https://books.google.com/books?id=4yWgCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA102
External links[edit]
Media related to Mur des Fédérés at Wikimedia Commons