Turkoman Rebellion in Eastern Iran (1924–1926)
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| Turkoman Rebellion in Eastern Iran (1924-1926) | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||||
 Sublime State of Persialoyalist Kurdish tribes Quchan Kurds Supported by  United Kingdom |
Turkmen rebels rebel Kurdish tribes Shadillu kurds Supported by  Soviet Union | ||||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||||
| Reza Shah Pahlavi | Unknown | ||||||||
| Strength | |||||||||
| 10,000—15,000 | Unknown | ||||||||
| Casualties and losses | |||||||||
| Unknown | Unknown | ||||||||
The Turkoman Rebellion in Eastern Iran was a military uprising by the Iranian Turkmens with support of the rebellious Kurds and the Soviet union against the Sublime State of Persia under Reza Shah Pahlavi.[1]
Background
[edit]At the time, Iran was facing numerous tribal rebellions which aimed at resisting Tehran's authority over their regions, Sheikh Khazal decided to resist the Central government's takeover of Khuzestan. The British relied upon Khazal because of the maintenance of the oilfields. The British had to think whether to continue the approach to khazal or to come to discussions with the central government in order to shape their influence in the region. Inspired from Khazal, Luristan rose under a rebellion by the Bayranvandis, in Fars and Isfahan the Qashqai, Bakhtiyaris remained unclear on their stance on the crisis and the British advised Khazal to accept the terms of the central government and soon the movement collapsed.[2][3]
Battle
[edit]During the crisis in Khuzestan, the Iranian Turkmens rose in revolt against the central government.The Turkmens who had freed themselves from Russian rule as of 1917 had increased their rebellious activities.They soon began to threaten communications between Tehran and Khorasan. Upon the arrival of Reza Shah Pahlavi from Khuzestan he began large scale military campaigns to suppress the uprising. Government forces advanced in two columns among which one approached Mashhad and another Northern Independent Brigade column which had approached from Mazandaran, eventually encircled and deffeated the Turkomans by 1925.[2][4]
Aftermath
[edit]1926 became a difficult year for the Iranians after fighting major rebellions in Azerbaijan, Khuzestan and the Kurds and a minor revolt throughout the nation, which questioned the authority of Reza.[2]
References
[edit]- ^ Burrell, Robert Michael; Jarman, Robert L. (1997). Iran: 1924-1926. Archive Editions. ISBN 978-1-85207-710-5.
- ^ a b c Cronin, Stephanie (2012-11-12). The Making of Modern Iran: State and Society under Riza Shah, 1921-1941. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-02694-2.
- ^ Olson, Robert W. (1996). Imperial Meanderings and Republican By-ways: Essays on Eighteenth Century Ottoman and Twentieth Century History of Turkey. Isis Press. ISBN 978-975-428-097-5.
- ^ Olson, Robert (2013-12-18). The Emergence of Kurdish Nationalism and the Sheikh Said Rebellion, 1880–1925. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-76412-5.