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According to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, a nation's internal waters include waters on the landward side of the baseline of a nation's territorial waters, except in archipelagic states.^[1] It includes waterways such as rivers and canals, and sometimes the water within small bays.

The coastal nation is free to make laws relating to its internal waters, regulate any use, and use any resource. In the absence of agreements to the contrary, foreign vessels have no right of passage within internal waters, and this lack of right to innocent passage is the key difference between internal waters and territorial waters.^[2] The "archipelagic waters" within the outermost islands of an archipelagic states are treated as internal waters with the exception that innocent passage must be allowed, although the archipelagic state may designate certain sea lanes in these waters.

References

^ UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, Part II, Article 8 Internal waters
^ UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, Part II, Article 2

Sources

UN Convention on the Law of the Sea

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[1] UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, Part II, Article 8 Internal waters

[2] UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, Part II, Article 2

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 [[Image:Zonmar-en.svg|thumb|300px|right|Schematic map of maritime zones.]]
-A nation's '''internal waters''' include waters on the landward side of the [[baseline (sea)|baseline]] of a nation's [[territorial waters]], except in [[archipelagic state]]s.<ref>Article 8 ''Internal waters'', Part II, UN Convention on the Law of the Sea</ref> It includes waterways such as rivers and canals, and sometimes the water within small [[bay]]s. According to the [[United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea]], the coastal nation is free to set laws, regulate any use, and use any resource. Foreign vessels have no right of passage within internal waters, and this lack of right to [[innocent passage]] is the key difference between internal waters and territorial waters.<ref>Article 2, Part II, UN Convention on the Law of the Sea</ref> The "archipelagic waters" within the outermost islands of an [[archipelagic state]]s are treated as internal waters with the exception that innocent passage must be allowed, although the archipelagic state may designate certain sea lanes in these waters.
+According to the [[United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea]], a nation's '''internal waters''' include waters on the landward side of the [[baseline (sea)|baseline]] of a nation's [[territorial waters]], except in [[archipelagic state]]s.<ref>[http://www.un.org/Depts/los/convention_agreements/texts/unclos/closindx.htm UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, Part II, Article 8 ''Internal waters'']</ref> It includes waterways such as rivers and canals, and sometimes the water within small [[bay]]s.
+The coastal nation is free to make laws relating to its internal waters, regulate any use, and use any resource. In the absence of agreements to the contrary, foreign vessels have no right of passage within internal waters, and this lack of right to [[innocent passage]] is the key difference between internal waters and territorial waters.<ref>UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, Part II, Article 2</ref> The "archipelagic waters" within the outermost islands of an [[archipelagic state]]s are treated as internal waters with the exception that innocent passage must be allowed, although the archipelagic state may designate certain sea lanes in these waters.
 == See also ==