Muhammad in Medina

The period when Muhammad in Medina started with the Migration to Medina in 622 and ended with the Conquest of Mecca in 630.

History

622

During the first year, Muhammad drew the Constitution of Medina, a treaty that concerns the rights and responsibilities of the Muslim, Jewish, and other Arab and tribal communities of Medina during the war between that city and its neighbours.

624

Battle of Badr Muslims defeat Meccans

Expulsion of Banu Qaynuqa

625

Battle of Uhud Meccans defeat Muslims

Expulsion of Banu Nadir

626

Attack on Dumat al-Jandal: Syria

627

Battle of the Trench

Destruction of Banu Qurayza

Bani Kalb subjugation: Dumat al-Jandal

628

Hudaybiyyah

The Treaty of Hudaybiyyah was signed in 628. In 628 C.E. a group of 1,600 Muslims marched towards Mecca, in an attempt to perform the pilgrimage.

"Then he [Muhammad] marched till he reached al-Hudaybiyya which lies at the limit of the Haram [sacred territory of Mecca] area at a distance of nine miles from Mecca."

The group was prepared with sacrificial animals, as they hoped that the Quraish would honour the Arabian custom of allowing unarmed pilgrims to enter the city. The Quraish, however, intercepted the Muslim party, well outside Mecca. By this time all of Arabia was aware of the military strength of the Muslims. Muhammad, the leader of the Muslims, was also desperate to avoid bloodshed in or near the holiest city of Islam. Therefore the two parties decided to resolve the matter through diplomacy, rather than warfare.

"Today whatever condition Quraysh make in which they ask me to show kindness to kindred I shall agree to".

Kaaba

Gains access to Mecca shrine Kaaba

Khaybar

Conquest of the Khaybar oasis

629

First hajj pilgrimage

Attack on Byzantine empire fails: Battle of Mu'tah

630

Conquest of Mecca