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This list compares various energies in joules (J), organized by order of magnitude.

**List of orders of magnitude for energy**
Factor (m²)	Multiple	Value	Item
10^-31		3.0×10⁻³¹ J	the average kinetic energy of a molecule at the lowest temperature reached as of 2003^[update]
10^-24	SI prefix: yocto- (yJ)
10^-23		1.5×10⁻²³ J	the average kinetic energy of a molecule in the Boomerang Nebula, the coldest place known outside of a laboratory, at a temperature of 1 kelvin
10⁻²¹	SI prefix: zepto- (zJ)	4.37×10⁻²¹ J	the average kinetic energy of a molecule at room temperature
		1.602×10⁻¹⁹ J	≈1 electronvolt (eV)
		2.7×10⁻¹⁹ J – 5.2×10⁻¹⁹ J	the energy range of photons in visible light
10⁻¹⁸	SI prefix: atto- (aJ)	5.0×10⁻¹⁸ J	the upper bound of the mass-energy of a neutrino in particle physics
10⁻¹⁵	SI prefix: femto- (fJ)
10^-14		5.0×10⁻¹⁴ J	the upper bound of the mass-energy of a muon neutrino
10^-14		8.187×10⁻¹⁴ J	the rest mass-energy of an electron
10^-13		1.602×10⁻¹³ J	1 megaelectronvolt (MeV)
10⁻¹²	SI prefix: pico- (pJ)	2.26×10⁻¹² J	kinetic energy of a D-T fusion neutron
10^-11		3.2×10⁻¹¹ J	the average total energy released in the nuclear fission of one uranium-235 atom
10^-11		3.5×10⁻¹¹ J	the average total energy released in the fission of one plutonium-239 atom
10^-10		1.503×10⁻¹⁰ J	the rest mass-energy of a proton
		1.505×10⁻¹⁰ J	the rest mass-energy of a neutron
		1.602×10⁻¹⁰ J	1 gigaelectronvolt (GeV)
		3.005×10⁻¹⁰ J	the rest mass-energy of a deuteron
		5.972×10⁻¹⁰ J	the rest mass-energy of an alpha particle
10^-9	SI prefix: nano- (nJ)	1.602×10⁻⁹ J	10 GeV
10^-9	SI prefix: nano- (nJ)	8×10⁻⁹ J	the initial operating energy per beam of the CERN Large Electron Positron Collider in 1983
10^-8		1.3×10⁻⁸ J	the mass-energy of a W boson
		1.5×10⁻⁸ J	the mass-energy of a Z boson
		1.602×10⁻⁸ J	100 GeV
		4.3×10⁻⁸ J	the operating energy per beam of the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron accelerator in 1981
10^-7		1×10⁻⁷ J	≡ 1 erg
10^-7		1.602×10⁻⁷ J	one TeV (teraelectronvolt), about the kinetic energy of a flying mosquito^[1]
10^-6	SI prefix: micro- (µJ)
10^-5		2×10⁻⁵ J	the energy to pronounce an average syllable of a word^[2]
10^-5		3×10⁻⁵ J	the energy of one second of moonlight falling upon a human face^[2]
10^-4		1.8×10⁻⁴ J	the expected collision energy of lead nuclei in the CERN Large Hadron Collider [9]
10^-4		9×10⁻⁴ J	the energy of a cricket's chirp^[2]^{[dubious – discuss]}
10^-3	SI prefix: milli- (mJ)
10^-2	SI prefix: centi- (cJ)
10^-1	SI prefix: deci- (dJ)	1×10⁻¹ J	the energy of an American half-dollar falling 1 metre
10^-1	SI prefix: deci- (dJ)	1x10^-1 J	the energy required to press a typewriter key^[2]
10⁰	J	1 J	≡ 1 N·m (newton-metre)
		1 J	≡ 1 W·s (watt-second)
		1 J	the kinetic energy produced as a small apple (100 grams) falls one meter against Earth's gravity. Note: W=hG=hmg=1m0.1kg10m/s^2=1N*m ( ${\rm {1~N=1~{\frac {kg\cdot m}{s^{2}}}}}$ )
		~1 J	the amount of energy that a quiet person produces as heat, every hundredth of a second
		1 J	the energy required to heat one gram of dry, cool air by 1 degree Celsius
		1.356 J	≈ 1 ft·lbf (foot-pound force)
		4.184 J	≡ 1 thermochemical calorie (small calorie)
		4.1868 J	≡ 1 International Table calorie (small calorie)
		~5 J	The energy stored in a disposable camera photoflash capacitor (100 µF @ 330 V).
		8 J	the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin theoretical upper limit for the energy of a cosmic ray
10¹	SI prefix: deca- (daJ)	5×10¹ J	the most energetic cosmic ray ever detected, in 1991
10¹	SI prefix: deca- (daJ)	8×10¹ J	the kinetic energy of an average person swinging a baseball bat
10²	SI prefix: hecto- (hJ)	6×10² J	the use of a 10-watt flashlight for one minute^[2]
		7.457×10² J	a power of one horsepower applied for one second
		9×10² J	the energy of a lethal dose of X-rays^[2]
10³	SI prefix: kilo- (kJ)	1×10³ J	the energy stored in a typical photography studio strobe light
		1.05×10³ J	≈ 1 British thermal unit (BTU), depending on the temperature
		1.2×10³ J	the energy in shooting an elephant gun
		1.366×10³ J	the total solar radiation received from the Sun by one square meter of the Earth's surface per second (this is the solar constant[10])
		1.42×10³ J	the kinetic energy of a 3.5 g (grams) AK-74 bullet fired at 900 m/s (metres per second)^[3]
		1.69×10³ J	the kinetic energy of a 3.56 g gram M193 M16 bullet fired at 975 m/s (meters per second)
		1.73×10³ J	the kinetic energy of a 4.0 g gram M855 M16 bullet fired at 930 m/s (meters per second)
		3.28×10³ J	the kinetic energy of a 9.33 g NATO rifle cartridge fired at 838 m/s^[3]
		3.600×10³ J	≡ 1 W·h (watt-hour)
		4.184×10³ J	the energy released by explosion of one gram of TNT
		4.186×10³ J	≡ 1 food Calorie (large calorie)
10⁴	SI prefix: kilo- (kJ)	1.7×10⁴ J	the energy released by the metabolism of one gram of sugar or protein
		3.8×10⁴ J	the energy released by the metabolism of one gram of fat
		5.0×10⁴ J	the energy released by the combustion of one gram of gasoline
10⁵		2×10⁵ J—9×10⁵ J	the average kinetic energy of an automobile at highway speeds
10⁵		9×10⁵ J	the energy required to accelerate a 4-ton truck up to highway speeds^[2]

10⁶

SI prefix: mega- (MJ)

1×10⁶ J, the kinetic energy of a one tonne vehicle at 45 metres per second (100 miles per hour)
1×10⁶ J, approximately the food energy of a snack such as a Mars bar
3.6×10⁶ J, = 1 kilowatt-hour (electricity consumption)
6.3×10⁶ J, the recommended food energy intake per day for a woman not doing heavy labour
8.4×10⁶ J, the recommended food energy intake per day for a man
1×10⁷ J, the energy of a day's worth of heavy labour^[2]
1×10⁸ J, the kinetic energy of a 55 tonne aircraft at typical landing speed (59 m/s or 115 knots)
1.05×10⁸ J ≈ 1 therm, depending on the temperature
7.25×10⁸ J ≈ energy from burning 16 kilograms of oil (using 135 kg per barrel of light crude)

10⁹

SI prefix: giga- (GJ)

1.2x10⁹ J, the theoretical minimum amount of energy required to melt a tonne of steel (25 °C to 1523 °C, equivalent to 330 kW·h)
1.5×10⁹ J, the energy in an average lightning bolt
1.6×10⁹ J, the magnetic stored energy in the world's largest toroidal superconducting magnet for the ATLAS experiment at CERN, Geneva
1.95627185×10⁹ J, Planck energy, the unit of energy in Planck units^[4]
2.5×10⁹ J, the approximate average amount of energy expended by a human heart muscle over an 80-year lifetime
3.2×10⁹ J, the approximate annual energy usage of a standard clothes dryer
6.12×10⁹ J ≈ 1 bboe (barrel of oil equivalent)^[5]
2.3×10¹⁰ J, the kinetic energy of an Airbus A380 at cruising speed (560 tonnes at 562 knots or 289 m/s)
4.19×10¹⁰ J ≈ 1 toe (ton of oil equivalent)^[5]
5×10¹⁰ J, the yield energy of a MOAB (Massive Ordnance Air Blast) bomb, the second most powerful non-nuclear weapon ever designed (after the Russian Father of All Bombs)
7.2×10¹⁰ J, the energy consumed by the average U.S. automobile in the year 2000
8.64×10¹⁰ J ≈ 1 MW·d (megawatt-day), used in the context of power plants
9×10¹¹ J, the energy of an Atlas rocket blasting off^[2]

10¹²

SI prefix: tera- (TJ)

3.6×10¹² J, the average orbital kinetic energy of the Mir space station (124 tonnes at about 7680 m/s)
8.2×10¹² J, the orbital kinetic energy of the International Space Station (277 tonnes at 7710 m/s)
1×10¹³ J, the energy of the maximum fuel an Airbus A380 can carry (248 tonnes of Jet A-1 at 43.15 MJ per kg)
3.6×10¹³ J, released by an average thunderstorm
6.3×10¹³ J, the approximate yield of the Little Boy atomic bomb detonated over Hiroshima, Japan at the end of World War II (see the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki)[11]
8.78×10¹³ J, the yield of the Fat Man atomic bomb detonated by the United States of America over Nagasaki, Japan at the end of World War II^[6]
9.0×10¹³ J, the theoretical total mass-energy of one gram of matter
6×10¹⁴ J, the energy released by an average hurricane in one second

10¹⁵

SI prefix: peta- (PJ)

2.07×10¹⁵ J, the yearly electricity production in Togo, Africa as of 2005^[7]
4.184×10¹⁵ J, the amount of energy in 1 megaton of TNT
1.0×10¹⁶ J, the estimated impact energy released in forming Meteor Crater
4.42×10¹⁶ J, the yearly electricity consumption in Zimbabwe as of 2005^[7]
8.988×10¹⁶ J, the amount of energy in 1 kilogram of antimatter (or of matter)
1.1×10¹⁷ J, the surface energy of the 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake
1.74×10¹⁷ J, the total energy from the Sun that strikes the face of the Earth each second^[8]
1.8×10¹⁷ J, the amount of energy from annihilating 1 kilogram of antimatter with 1 kilogram of matter

2.1×10¹⁷ J, the yield of the Tsar Bomba, the largest nuclear weapon ever tested
4.10×10¹⁷ J, the yearly electricity consumption of Norway as of 2005^[7]
4.184×10¹⁷ J, 100 megatons, a potential nuclear weapon yield^[2]
8.4×10¹⁷ J, the estimated energy released by the eruption of the Indonesian volcano, Krakatoa, in 1883^[9]

10¹⁸

SI prefix: exa- (EJ)

1.37×10¹⁹ J, the yearly electricity consumption in the U.S. as of 2005^[7]
1.46×10¹⁹J, the yearly electricity production in the U.S. as of 2005^[10]
5.2×10¹⁹ J, the daily energy released by an average hurricane producing rain (400 times greater than the wind energy).^[11]
5.67×10¹⁹ J, the yearly electricity consumption of the world as of 2005^[update]^[7]
6.25×10¹⁹ J, the yearly electricity generation of the world as of 2005^[update]^[12]
12.75x10¹⁸ J, (Star Trek) the energy output per second of the starship USS Enterprise NCC-1701-D
6.66×10¹⁹ J, the total energy released by the magnitude 8.8 2010 Chile Earthquake
4.37x10²⁰ J, Total World Annual Energy consumption (15TW years)
8.01×10²⁰ J, estimated global uranium resources for generating electricity 2005.^[13]^[14]^[15]^[16]

10²¹

SI prefix: zetta- (ZJ)

6.5×10²¹ J, the estimated energy contained in the world's natural gas reserves as of 2006^[17]
7.4×10²¹ J, the estimated energy contained in the world's petroleum reserves as of 2003
1.5×10²²J, the total energy from the Sun that strikes the face of the Earth each day^[8]
2.1×10²² J, the estimated energy contained in the world's coal reserves as of 2005^[18]
2.9×10²² J, identified global uranium-238 resources using fast reactor technology.^[13]
3.9×10²² J, the estimated energy contained in the world's fossil fuel reserves as of 2003
4×10²² J, the estimated total energy released by the 2004 Indian Ocean Earthquake, equivalent to approximately 9.5 Teratons of TNT
2.2×10²³ J, total global uranium-238 resources using fast reactor technology.^[13]
5.0×10²³ J, the approximate energy released in the formation of the Chicxulub Crater in the Yucatán Peninsula^[19]

10²⁴ and above

SI prefix: yotta- (YJ)

5.5×10²⁴ J, the total energy from the Sun that strikes the face of the Earth each year^[8]
1.25×10²⁶ J, conservative estimate of the energy released by the impact that created the Caloris basin on Mercury
3.86×10²⁶ J, the total energy output of the Sun each second^[20]
3.856×10²⁸ J, the kinetic energy of the Moon in its orbit around the Earth
2.58×10²⁹ J, rotational energy of the Earth
3.34×10³¹ J, the total energy output of the Sun each day^[20]
2.24×10³² J, the gravitational binding energy of the Earth^[21]
2.7×10³³ J, the Earth's kinetic energy in its orbit^[22]
1.22×10³⁴ J, the total energy output of the Sun each year^[20]
5.37×10⁴¹ J, the theoretical total mass-energy of the Earth
6.87×10⁴¹ J, the gravitational binding energy of the Sun^[21]
1.2×10⁴⁴ J, the estimated energy released in a supernova^[23]
1×10⁴⁶ J, the estimated energy released in a hypernova
1×10⁴⁷ J, the energy released in an intense gamma ray burst
1.8×10⁴⁷ J, the theoretical total mass-energy of the Sun
4×10⁵⁸ J, the visible mass-energy in our galaxy, the Milky Way
1×10⁵⁹ J, the total mass-energy of the galaxy, including dark matter and dark energy
1.8×10⁶² J, the total mass-energy of the Local Supercluster. including dark matter^[24]
4×10⁶⁹ J, the estimated total mass-energy of the observable universe.^[25]

Scientific E notation index: -32 | -24 | -21 | -18 | -15 | -12 | -9 | -6 | -3 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 18 | 24

SI multiples

SI multiples of joule (J)
Submultiples			Multiples
Value	SI symbol	Name	Value	SI symbol	Name
10⁻¹ J	dJ	decijoule	10¹ J	daJ	decajoule
10⁻² J	cJ	centijoule	10² J	hJ	hectojoule
10⁻³ J	mJ	millijoule	10³ J	kJ	kilojoule
10⁻⁶ J	μJ	microjoule	10⁶ J	MJ	megajoule
10⁻⁹ J	nJ	nanojoule	10⁹ J	GJ	gigajoule
10⁻¹² J	pJ	picojoule	10¹² J	TJ	terajoule
10⁻¹⁵ J	fJ	femtojoule	10¹⁵ J	PJ	petajoule
10⁻¹⁸ J	aJ	attojoule	10¹⁸ J	EJ	exajoule
10⁻²¹ J	zJ	zeptojoule	10²¹ J	ZJ	zettajoule
10⁻²⁴ J	yJ	yoctojoule	10²⁴ J	YJ	yottajoule
10⁻²⁷ J	rJ	rontojoule	10²⁷ J	RJ	ronnajoule
10⁻³⁰ J	qJ	quectojoule	10³⁰ J	QJ	quettajoule

The joule is named after James Prescott Joule. As with every SI unit named for a person, its symbol starts with an upper case letter (J), but when written in full, it follows the rules for capitalisation of a common noun; i.e., joule becomes capitalised at the beginning of a sentence and in titles but is otherwise in lower case.

Notes

^ CERN - Glossary
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Wallechinsky, David; Wallace, Irving; Wallace, Amy (1977 (1st Bantam ed., February 1978)). The Book of Lists. Bantam Books. pp. 268–271. ISBN 0553111507. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ ^a ^b $KE={\tfrac {1}{2}}mv^{2}$
^ $E_{p}={\sqrt {\frac {\hbar c^{5}}{G}}}$
^ ^a ^b Energy Units, by Arthur Smith, 21 January 2005
^ [1]
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/international/iealf/table62.xls from the Energy Information Administration [2]
^ ^a ^b ^c The Earth has a cross section of 1.274×10¹⁴ square meters and the solar constant is 1366 watts per square meter.
^ Krakatoa#Legacy of the 1883 eruption
^ http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/international/iealf/table63.xls from the Energy Information Administration [3]
^ FAQ : HURRICANES, TYPHOONS, AND TROPICAL CYCLONES noaa.gov
^ [4] U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Generation
^ ^a ^b ^c Global Uranium Resource
^ U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Generation
^ U.S. EIA International Energy Outlook 2007.
^ Final number is computed. Energy Outlook 2007 shows 15.9% of world energy is nuclear. IAEA estimates conventional uranium stock, at today's prices is sufficient for 85 years. Convert billion kilowatt hours to joules then: 6.25×10¹⁹×0.159×85 = 8.01×10²⁰.
^ http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/international/reserves.xls from the Energy Information Administration [5]
^ http://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/international/iea2003/table82.xls from the Energy Information Administration [6]
^ [7]
^ ^a ^b ^c The Sun at http://www.nineplanets.org
^ ^a ^b $U={\frac {(3/5)GM^{2}}{r}}$
Chandrasekhar, S. 1939, An Introduction to the Study of Stellar Structure (Chicago: U. of Chicago; reprinted in New York: Dover), section 9, eqs. 90–92, p. 51 (Dover edition)
Lang, K. R. 1980, Astrophysical Formulae (Berlin: Springer Verlag), p. 272
^ [8]
^ Khokhlov, A.; Mueller, E.; Hoeflich, P. (1993). "Light curves of Type IA supernova models with different explosion mechanisms". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 270 (1–2): 223–248. Retrieved 2007-07-10.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Einasto, M.; et al. (December 2007). "The richest superclusters. I. Morphology". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 476 (2): 697–711. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078037. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)
^ http://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/ask_astro/answers/980211b.html

[1] CERN - Glossary

[wall-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j Wallechinsky, David; Wallace, Irving; Wallace, Amy (1977 (1st Bantam ed., February 1978)). The Book of Lists. Bantam Books. pp. 268–271. ISBN 0553111507. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[KE-3] $KE={\tfrac {1}{2}}mv^{2}$

[4] $E_{p}={\sqrt {\frac {\hbar c^{5}}{G}}}$

[oe-5] Energy Units, by Arthur Smith, 21 January 2005

[6] [1]

[eia_consumption-7] ttp://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/international/iealf/table62.xls from the Energy Information Administration [2]

[sun1-8] The Earth has a cross section of 1.274×10¹⁴ square meters and the solar constant is 1366 watts per square meter.

[9] Krakatoa#Legacy of the 1883 eruption

[eia_production-10] ttp://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/international/iealf/table63.xls from the Energy Information Administration [3]

[11] FAQ : HURRICANES, TYPHOONS, AND TROPICAL CYCLONES noaa.gov

[eiaint2005-12] [4] U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Generation

[iaea-13] Global Uranium Resource

[14] U.S. Energy Information Administration, International Energy Generation

[15] U.S. EIA International Energy Outlook 2007.

[16] Final number is computed. Energy Outlook 2007 shows 15.9% of world energy is nuclear. IAEA estimates conventional uranium stock, at today's prices is sufficient for 85 years. Convert billion kilowatt hours to joules then: 6.25×10¹⁹×0.159×85 = 8.01×10²⁰.

[eia_natural_gas-17] ttp://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/international/reserves.xls from the Energy Information Administration [5]

[eia_coal-18] ttp://www.eia.doe.gov/pub/international/iea2003/table82.xls from the Energy Information Administration [6]

[19] [7]

[sun2-20] The Sun at http://www.nineplanets.org

[U-21] $U={\frac {(3/5)GM^{2}}{r}}$
Chandrasekhar, S. 1939, An Introduction to the Study of Stellar Structure (Chicago: U. of Chicago; reprinted in New York: Dover), section 9, eqs. 90–92, p. 51 (Dover edition)
Lang, K. R. 1980, Astrophysical Formulae (Berlin: Springer Verlag), p. 272

[22] [8]

[23] Khokhlov, A.; Mueller, E.; Hoeflich, P. (1993). "Light curves of Type IA supernova models with different explosion mechanisms". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 270 (1–2): 223–248. Retrieved 2007-07-10.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[ein07-24] Einasto, M.; et al. (December 2007). "The richest superclusters. I. Morphology". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 476 (2): 697–711. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078037. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)

[25] ttp://imagine.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/ask_astro/answers/980211b.html

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

v t e Orders of magnitude
Quantity	Acceleration Angular momentum Area Bit rate Charge Computing Current Data Density Energy / Energy density Entropy Force Frequency Illuminance Length Luminance Magnetic field Mass Molarity Numbers Power Pressure Probability Radiation Sound pressure Specific heat capacity Speed Temperature Torque Time Voltage Volume
See also	Back-of-the-envelope calculation Best-selling electronic devices Fermi problem Powers of 10 and decades 10th 100th 1000000th Metric (SI) prefix Macroscopic scale Microscopic scale
Related	Astronomical system of units Earth's location in the Universe Cosmic View (1957 book) To the Moon and Beyond (1964 film) Cosmic Zoom (1968 film) Powers of Ten (1968 and 1977 films) Cosmic Voyage (1996 documentary) The Scale of the Universe (2010) Cosmic Eye (2012)
Category

Revision as of 16:49, 9 September 2010

106

109

1012

1015

1018

1021

1024 and above