Przemysław II, Duke of Cieszyn: Difference between revisions
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'''Przemysław II''' ({{lang-cs|Přemyslav II.}}, {{lang-de|Przemislaus II.}}), also known as '''Przemko II''' (around 1420 - 1477) was the [[Duke of Cieszyn]] and [[Głogów]]. He was the son of [[Bolesław I of Cieszyn|Bolesław I]], fourth Duke of Cieszyn and Eufemia. |
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'''Przemysław II of Cieszyn''', also known as '''Przemko II''' ({{lang-pl|'''Przemysław II cieszyński'''}}, {{lang-cs|Přemyslav II. (Těšín)}}, {{lang-de|Przemislaus II. (Teschen)}}; b. 1422/25 - d. [[18 March]] [[1477]]), was a Duke of [[Cieszyn]] since 1431 (until 1442 with his brothers as co-rulers), ruler over [[Bielsko]] and [[Skoczów]] (from 1442), Duke of half of both [[Głogów]] and [[Ścinawa]] from 1460 and since 1468 sole ruler over Cieszyn. |
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He was the third son of Duke [[Boleslaus I, Duke of Cieszyn|Bolesław I]] of [[Cieszyn]] by his second wife [[Euphemia of Masovia|Euphemia]], daughter of Duke [[Siemowit IV of Masovia]]. |
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After the death of his father in 1431, Przemysław II ruled over the duchy together with his brothers and mother. After the division of duchy in 1442 he ruled over the [[Cieszyn]] part. After the death of his brother [[Bolesław II of Cieszyn|Bolesław II]] in 1452, he became the only ruler of the duchy. From 1460 he ruled also over the half of Głogów. |
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==Life== |
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Przemysław II supported Bohemian king [[George of Podebrady]] and also maintained close ties with [[Poland|Polish]] king [[Kazimierz Jagiellończyk]]. He tried to bring closer to Bohemian and Polish rulers and in 1462 in [[Głogów]] both kings met and negotiated the future of Bohemian crown. In 1469 he took part in the election of the [[King of Hungary]] [[Mattias Corvinus]] in [[Olomouc]], who became a Bohemian king then. |
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After the death of his father in 1431, Przemysław II ruled over all the Duchy together with his brothers as co-rulers, but under the tutelage of their mother. On [[29 November]] [[1442]] took place the formal division of the Duchy between Bolesław I's sons: Przemysław II took the government over [[Cieszyn]] (but only nominal, because the whole government was took by his older brother [[Wenceslaus I, Duke of Cieszyn|Wenceslaus I]]), [[Bielsko]] (with his brother [[Bolesław II of Cieszyn|Bolesław II]]) and [[Skoczów]] (alone). |
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Przemysław II sought to pursue an active interference in the politics affairs. In 1443 he expressed his consent to the sale of the [[Duchy of Siewierz]] to [[Zbigniew Cardinal Oleśnicki|Zbigniew Oleśnicki]], [[Bishop of Kraków]], in return for which he received from Wenceslaus I the amount of 500 pieces of silver. In 1447, together with his brother Bolesław II, he participated in the Congress of [[Kraków]], where he supported [[Poland]] in a dispute about Siewierz. |
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He had one daughter, [[Jadwiga of Cieszyn|Jadwiga]]. |
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In 1447, the death of his mother Euphemia, finally enabled to Przemysław II, along with his brother Bolesław II, moved to their domains in Skoczów and Frysztat. |
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[[Bolesław II of Cieszyn|Bolesław II]] died in 1452, leaving one son, the future [[Casimir II, Duke of Cieszyn|Casimir II]]. Przemysław II took the guardianship of his orphan nephew. |
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Przemysław II supported Bohemian King [[George of Podebrady]] and also maintained close ties with the [[Poland|Polish]] King [[Casimir IV Jagiellon]], who was demostrated, for example, in 1454, when Przemysław II received in Cieszyn Princess [[Elisabeth of Austria (d. 1505)|Elisabeth of Austria]], on his way to Kraków for her wedding to King Casimir IV. However, the good relations with Poland were deteriorated after the dispute between Poland and the Duke [[John IV, Duke of Oświęcim|Jan IV of Oświęcim]], who was finally ended after a further agreement on [[1 July]] [[1457]] in Kraków. |
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Three years later, Przemysław II was present in a meeting between the Kings of Poland and Bohemia in [[Bytom]], where he served as conciliator. The next mediation took on [[9 June]] [[1461]] between Jan IV of Oświęcim and the King of Poland. |
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In 1460 [[Władysław of Głogów|Władysław]], another of Przemysław II's brothers, died without issue. In his will, he leave his domains —half of both [[Głogów]] and [[Ścinawa]]— to his widow [[Margareta of Celje]] (as her ''Oprawa wdowia'') and Przemysław II, who actually took the effective government over all the lands. |
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Przemysław II tried to bring closer to Bohemian and Polish rulers and in 1462 in [[Głogów]] both Kings met and negotiated the future of the Bohemian Kingdom. As a reward for his services, he received the town of [[Valašské Meziříčí]] only during his lifetime. |
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In 1466 the prince took an active part in the expedition of George of Podebrady on [[Kłodzko]], causing tension between Cieszyn and the powerful relationship [[Wrocław]]. |
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In 1469 he took part in the election of Hungarian King [[Matthias Corvinus]] as [[King of Bohemia]] in [[Olomouc]], mainly thanks to the efforts of [[Pope Paul II]] and the Bohemian Catholic nobility. For some time, Przemysław II went to Hungary and Bohemia, and even took part in the war against Corvinus's enemies on the [[Upper Silesia]]. |
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It appeared, however, that Matthias Corvinus didn't recompense Przemysław II for his support, but also attempt of depriving him from Cieszyn. In this situation, in 1471 Przemysław II joined the opposition against the King, supporting the candidacy of [[Vladislas II of Bohemia and Hungary|Władysław Jagiellon]], son of Casimir IV. |
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Trying to shift between Poland, Bohemia and Hungary, in 1473 Przemysław II supported Matthias Corvinus in his war against Duke [[Wenceslaus III of Rybnik|Wenceslaus III]] of [[Rybnik]]. However, the common victory doesn't improve his relations with the Hungarian monarch. |
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In 1474 Wenceslaus I, the last surviving brother of Przemysław II, died without issue, allowing him to unificated all their domains under his rule (except [[Siewierz]] and [[Bytom]], who were already sold). |
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Przemyslaw growing importance, however, does not like Maciej Korwinowi that obtained from Casimir Jagiellończyka guarantee their governments put forward in 1475 to exit the Raciborz claim to the sovereignty of Prince Cieszyńskiego, threatening to completely depriving it of if it does not pay a huge contribution. Saved from the final fall of the prince against the Polish army expedition Korwinowi, presented by the Dębnej Jacob, who supported the defense of Cieszyn. Przemyslaw II, however, had to agree to the seizure by the king in 1476 of głogowsko-ścinawskich. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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Przemysław II of Cieszyn, also known as Przemko II (Polish: Przemysław II cieszyński, Czech: Přemyslav II. (Těšín), German: Przemislaus II. (Teschen); b. 1422/25 - d. 18 March 1477), was a Duke of Cieszyn since 1431 (until 1442 with his brothers as co-rulers), ruler over Bielsko and Skoczów (from 1442), Duke of half of both Głogów and Ścinawa from 1460 and since 1468 sole ruler over Cieszyn.
He was the third son of Duke Bolesław I of Cieszyn by his second wife Euphemia, daughter of Duke Siemowit IV of Masovia.
Life
After the death of his father in 1431, Przemysław II ruled over all the Duchy together with his brothers as co-rulers, but under the tutelage of their mother. On 29 November 1442 took place the formal division of the Duchy between Bolesław I's sons: Przemysław II took the government over Cieszyn (but only nominal, because the whole government was took by his older brother Wenceslaus I), Bielsko (with his brother Bolesław II) and Skoczów (alone).
Przemysław II sought to pursue an active interference in the politics affairs. In 1443 he expressed his consent to the sale of the Duchy of Siewierz to Zbigniew Oleśnicki, Bishop of Kraków, in return for which he received from Wenceslaus I the amount of 500 pieces of silver. In 1447, together with his brother Bolesław II, he participated in the Congress of Kraków, where he supported Poland in a dispute about Siewierz.
In 1447, the death of his mother Euphemia, finally enabled to Przemysław II, along with his brother Bolesław II, moved to their domains in Skoczów and Frysztat.
Bolesław II died in 1452, leaving one son, the future Casimir II. Przemysław II took the guardianship of his orphan nephew.
Przemysław II supported Bohemian King George of Podebrady and also maintained close ties with the Polish King Casimir IV Jagiellon, who was demostrated, for example, in 1454, when Przemysław II received in Cieszyn Princess Elisabeth of Austria, on his way to Kraków for her wedding to King Casimir IV. However, the good relations with Poland were deteriorated after the dispute between Poland and the Duke Jan IV of Oświęcim, who was finally ended after a further agreement on 1 July 1457 in Kraków.
Three years later, Przemysław II was present in a meeting between the Kings of Poland and Bohemia in Bytom, where he served as conciliator. The next mediation took on 9 June 1461 between Jan IV of Oświęcim and the King of Poland.
In 1460 Władysław, another of Przemysław II's brothers, died without issue. In his will, he leave his domains —half of both Głogów and Ścinawa— to his widow Margareta of Celje (as her Oprawa wdowia) and Przemysław II, who actually took the effective government over all the lands.
Przemysław II tried to bring closer to Bohemian and Polish rulers and in 1462 in Głogów both Kings met and negotiated the future of the Bohemian Kingdom. As a reward for his services, he received the town of Valašské Meziříčí only during his lifetime.
In 1466 the prince took an active part in the expedition of George of Podebrady on Kłodzko, causing tension between Cieszyn and the powerful relationship Wrocław.
In 1469 he took part in the election of Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus as King of Bohemia in Olomouc, mainly thanks to the efforts of Pope Paul II and the Bohemian Catholic nobility. For some time, Przemysław II went to Hungary and Bohemia, and even took part in the war against Corvinus's enemies on the Upper Silesia.
It appeared, however, that Matthias Corvinus didn't recompense Przemysław II for his support, but also attempt of depriving him from Cieszyn. In this situation, in 1471 Przemysław II joined the opposition against the King, supporting the candidacy of Władysław Jagiellon, son of Casimir IV.
Trying to shift between Poland, Bohemia and Hungary, in 1473 Przemysław II supported Matthias Corvinus in his war against Duke Wenceslaus III of Rybnik. However, the common victory doesn't improve his relations with the Hungarian monarch.
In 1474 Wenceslaus I, the last surviving brother of Przemysław II, died without issue, allowing him to unificated all their domains under his rule (except Siewierz and Bytom, who were already sold).
Przemyslaw growing importance, however, does not like Maciej Korwinowi that obtained from Casimir Jagiellończyka guarantee their governments put forward in 1475 to exit the Raciborz claim to the sovereignty of Prince Cieszyńskiego, threatening to completely depriving it of if it does not pay a huge contribution. Saved from the final fall of the prince against the Polish army expedition Korwinowi, presented by the Dębnej Jacob, who supported the defense of Cieszyn. Przemyslaw II, however, had to agree to the seizure by the king in 1476 of głogowsko-ścinawskich.
References
- Panic, Idzi (2002). Poczet Piastów i Piastówien cieszyńskich. Cieszyn: Urząd Miejski. ISBN 83-917095-4-X.
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