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[[Image:Peacocke, Capt Stephen Ponsonby.jpg|thumb|Captain Stephen Ponsonby Peacocke Jr. c.1857]]
[[Image:Peacocke, Capt Stephen Ponsonby.jpg|thumb|Captain Stephen Ponsonby Peacocke Jr. c.1857]]
Captain Peacockes parents, Lieutenant Colonel Stephen Peacocke Sr. of the [[Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment)]] (3rd Foot) and Louisa Tottenham Peacocke were married in Bath, Somerset, UK on June 11, 1808.
Captain Peacockes parents, Lieutenant Colonel Stephen Peacocke Sr. of the [[Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment)]] (3rd Foot) and Louisa Tottenham Peacocke were married in Bath, Somerset, UK on June 11, 1808.

⚫
There is fine miniature portrait of Stephen Sr. c.1800 by [[George Chinnery]].<ref>note: George Chinnery was a celebrated artist of various locations in India before he skipped leaving large debts and went on to Macau where he spent 35 years and also ran up huge debts.</ref> There is a love note from Louisa to Stephen in the back of the miniature:
There is fine miniature portrait of Stephen Sr. c.1800 by [[George Chinnery]].<ref>note: George Chinnery was a celebrated artist of various locations in India before he skipped leaving large debts and went on to Macau where he spent 35 years and also ran up huge debts.</ref> There is a love note from Louisa to Stephen in the back of the miniature:
<blockquote>
<blockquote>
"My beloved, my adored, Stephen, my idolised and matchless husband, married June 11th, 1808. Louisa Peacock"<ref name="Winter">{{cite web|url=http://gibberandsqueak.blogspot.com/2009/02/ooty-well-preserved-flourishing.html|title=Ooty well preserved and florishing|last=Winter|first=Mary|coauthors=Richard Borley|date=February 8, 2009|work=Rabbiting On |publisher=V.Narayan Swami |accessdate=2009-02-09}}</ref>
"My beloved, my adored, Stephen, my idolised and matchless husband, married June 11th, 1808. Louisa Peacock"<ref name="Winter">{{cite web|url=http://gibberandsqueak.blogspot.com/2009/02/ooty-well-preserved-flourishing.html|title=Ooty well preserved and florishing|last=Winter|first=Mary|coauthors=Richard Borley|date=February 8, 2009|work=Rabbiting On |publisher=V.Narayan Swami |accessdate=2009-02-09}}</ref>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
Their eldest child, Stephen Ponsonby Peacocke Jr., the artist, was born in 1813. Another son, Eliot Tottenham Peacocke, born 1832-3, joined the 1st Bombay Native Infantry in 1837, was promoted to Captain in 1847 and died in 1854.
Their eldest child, Stephen Ponsonby Peacocke Jr., the artist, was born in 1813. Their second son, Eliott Tottenham Peacocke, was in [[Tonbridge School]] 1832-3, joined the 1st Bombay Native Infantry in 1837, was promoted to Captain 1st Grenadiers in 1847 and died in India 3 July 1854.<ref>[http://www.archive.org/stream/registeroftonbri00tonb/registeroftonbri00tonb_djvu.txt ''The register of Tonbridge School, from 1820 to 1886'']</ref> <ref name="Redden">{{cite web|url=http://members.iinet.net.au/~nickred/trees/peacocke.PDF|title=Peacocke family charts|last=Reddan |first=Nick |date=Dec. 12, 2006|accessdate=2009-02-14}}</ref>
⚫

In 1837, Capt Stephen Ponsonby Peacocke Jr. and Isabella Anne Louisa Brydges, born 1815, died 1872, the daughter of a Baronet, were married, most likely during a furlough back to England.
In 1837, Capt Stephen Ponsonby Peacocke Jr. and Isabella Anne Louisa Brydges, born 1815, died 1872, the daughter of a Baronet, were married, most likely during a furlough back to England.


Stephen and Isabella had 6 children and 8 grandchildren:
Stephen and Isabella had 6 children and at least 9 grandchildren:
:C1. Georgina Elizabeth Emma Peacocke, of Devonport, New Zealand, born c.1844, Poet, author of book of poems; ''Rays from the Southern Cross''<ref name="Georgiana">{{cite book|last=Peacocke|first=Georgiana|coauthors=Illustrations by Rev. Phillip Walch|title=Rays from the Southern Cross|publisher=H.S.King & co.|date=1876|edition=Original from Harvard University, Digitized Mar 21, 2008|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=D2wXAAAAYAAJ}}</ref>, eldest surviving daughter of the late Hon. Colonel Ponsonby Peacocke, died On May 14, 1892, at Devonport, NZ.
:C1. Georgina Elizabeth Emma Peacocke, of Devonport, New Zealand, born c.1844, Poet, author of book of poems; ''Rays from the Southern Cross''<ref name="Georgiana">{{cite book|last=Peacocke|first=Georgiana|coauthors=Illustrations by Rev. Phillip Walch|title=Rays from the Southern Cross|publisher=H.S.King & co.|date=1876|edition=Original from Harvard University, Digitized Mar 21, 2008|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=D2wXAAAAYAAJ}}</ref>, died May 14, 1892, at Devonport, NZ.
:C2. John FitzRoy Beresford Peacocke, of Remuera, New Zealand, Born Switzerland, c. 1847, married c. 1876 at Auckland at age 29 to Florence Pilling, in New Zealand 60 years, nil occupation, died 11 June 1917, aged 70 years at Woolton Road, Remuera, NZ, buried Roman Catholic Cemetery, Howick. Male issue living - aged 36, 33, 28, 26. Female issue living - aged 40, 38, 34, 30.
:C2. John FitzRoy Beresford Peacocke, of Remuera, New Zealand, Born Switzerland, c. 1847, married c. 1876 at Auckland at age 29 to Florence Pilling, in New Zealand 60 years, nil occupation, died 11 June 1917, aged 70 years at Woolton Road, Remuera, NZ, buried Roman Catholic Cemetery, Howick. Male issue living - aged 36, 33, 28, 26. Female issue living - aged 40, 38, 34, 30.
::D1. Cyril Peacocke.
::D1. Cyril Peacocke.
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[[Image:KOSB.JPG|thumb|75px|King's Own Scottish Borderers badge and tartan]]
[[Image:KOSB.JPG|thumb|75px|King's Own Scottish Borderers badge and tartan]]
Stephen Peacocke joined the [[King's Own Scottish Borderers]] (25th Foot) [[infantry]] regiment as an [[Ensign_(rank)#United_Kingdom|Ensign]] on October 25, 1833. He was in India in the 1830's with his regiment and was in Ootacamund convalescing from an illness for some time during this period. He was promoted to [[First_Lieutenant#British_Army|Lieutenant]] on September 15, 1837 and [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|Captain]] August 23. 1839. In October, 1842, Capt. Peacock was furloughed for 3 months to Bombay.<ref name="Allen">{{cite book|title=The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Miscellany for British and Foreign India, China and Australia January - April 1843|publisher=Wm. H. Allen & Co. |location=Leadenhall St., London|date=1843|series=Item notes: new series, Vol. XL |volume= n.s. v.40 |pages=68, Furloughs|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=uhAoAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA68&lpg=RA1-PA68&dq=%2225th+Foot%22+peacocke&source=bl&ots=LHqX74qFSR&sig=DLEPWdFXLWggrGd1iQ7tOR5g8tA&hl=en&ei=i2aSSfmKN5KymQebyKCnDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=8&ct=result#PRA1-PA68,M1}}</ref> By 1851 he was with the [[59th (2nd Nottinghamshire) Regiment of Foot|59th Foot]] and on November 11, 1851 received a [[Brevet (military)|brevet]] promotion to [[Major (United Kingdom)|Major]].<ref name="Watts">{{cite book|last=Watts|first=Francis|title=Bulletins and Other State Intelligence|publisher=Published by Compiled and arranged from the official documents published in the London gazette|location=London Gazette Office, St. Martins Lane|date=1854|edition=Original from the University of Michigan, Digitized Jun 1, 2007|series=Item notes: 1853|pages=1008 Brevet|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=geI1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1008&lpg=PA1008&dq=Stephen+Ponsonby+Peacocke+major&source=web&ots=7yQKRevWwC&sig=S3Jompsx9Bsxm7jjf2qDR5ClKr0&hl=en&ei=GVyRSf20FJPHtgeSyYXUCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=8&ct=result}}</ref>
Stephen Peacocke joined the [[King's Own Scottish Borderers]] (25th Foot) [[infantry]] regiment as an [[Ensign_(rank)#United_Kingdom|Ensign]] on October 25, 1833. He was in India in the 1830's with his regiment and was in Ootacamund convalescing from an illness for some time during this period. He was promoted to [[First_Lieutenant#British_Army|Lieutenant]] on September 15, 1837 and [[Captain (British Army and Royal Marines)|Captain]] August 23. 1839. In October, 1842, Capt. Peacock was furloughed for 3 months to Bombay.<ref name="Allen">{{cite book|title=The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Miscellany for British and Foreign India, China and Australia January - April 1843|publisher=Wm. H. Allen & Co. |location=Leadenhall St., London|date=1843|series=Item notes: new series, Vol. XL |volume= n.s. v.40 |pages=68, Furloughs|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=uhAoAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA68&lpg=RA1-PA68&dq=%2225th+Foot%22+peacocke&source=bl&ots=LHqX74qFSR&sig=DLEPWdFXLWggrGd1iQ7tOR5g8tA&hl=en&ei=i2aSSfmKN5KymQebyKCnDA&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=8&ct=result#PRA1-PA68,M1}}</ref> By 1851 he was with the [[59th (2nd Nottinghamshire) Regiment of Foot|59th Foot]] and on November 11, 1851 received a [[Brevet (military)|brevet]] promotion to [[Major (United Kingdom)|Major]].<ref name="Watts">{{cite book|last=Watts|first=Francis|title=Bulletins and Other State Intelligence|publisher=Published by Compiled and arranged from the official documents published in the London gazette|location=London Gazette Office, St. Martins Lane|date=1854|edition=Original from the University of Michigan, Digitized Jun 1, 2007|series=Item notes: 1853|pages=1008 Brevet|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=geI1AAAAMAAJ&pg=PA1008&lpg=PA1008&dq=Stephen+Ponsonby+Peacocke+major&source=web&ots=7yQKRevWwC&sig=S3Jompsx9Bsxm7jjf2qDR5ClKr0&hl=en&ei=GVyRSf20FJPHtgeSyYXUCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=8&ct=result}}</ref>
by 1854-55 he appears on the retired list.<ref name=Archer>Mildred Archer and Ronald Lightbown, "India Observed" (London 1982)</ref>
by 1854-55 he appears on the retired list.<ref name=Archer>Mildred Archer and Ronald Lightbown, ''India Observed: India as viewed by British artists 1760-1860''. (London 1982), Alpine Fine Arts Collection (1984) ISBN-10: 0881680621, ISBN-13: 978-0881680621</ref>


After a stint in [[Madeira]], Stephen and Louisa immigrated to [[New Zealand]] from England in 1857 and founded a strong and continuing lineage in New Zealand and [[Australia]].
After a stint in [[Madeira]], Stephen and Louisa immigrated to [[New Zealand]] from England in 1857 and founded a strong and continuing lineage in New Zealand and [[Australia]].
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Other than their 1847 publication, the lithographs are undated and the sequence of the originial paintings is unknown. In an advertisement in ''Allen's Indian Mail'' the lithographs are listed in the following order:
Other than their 1847 publication, the lithographs are undated and the sequence of the originial paintings is unknown. In an advertisement in ''Allen's Indian Mail'' the lithographs are listed in the following order:
[[Image:Peacocke-Advertisement.jpg|thumb|425px|Advertisement for Peacocke Lithographs, Allan's Indian Mail, 1846]]
[[Image:Peacocke-Advertisement.jpg|thumb|425px|Advertisement for Peacocke Lithographs, Allen's Indian Mail, 1846]]
:1. Vignette title-page, with a ''view of a halting place between Avalanche and Sispara.''
:1. Vignette title-page, with a ''view of a halting place between Avalanche and Sispara.''
:2. ''General View of Ootacamund.''
:2. ''General View of Ootacamund.''

Revision as of 23:03, 14 February 2009

This article is not about Captain_Stephen_Peacock, a character in the British sitcom Are You Being Served?.

Captain Stephen Ponsonby Peacocke was a British artist notable for his 17 paintings of historic landscape views in the Neilgherry Hills in South India. Tinted lithographs were made of these views and published in imperial folio in London by the lithographer Paul Gauci in 1847. Peacocke's lithographs reflect his romantic escape from the plains during a medical furlough to Ootacamund in the late 1830's. [1] [2]

Family

Col. Stephen Ponsonby Peacocke Sr. by George Chinnery, c.1800
Captain Stephen Ponsonby Peacocke Jr. c.1857

Captain Peacockes parents, Lieutenant Colonel Stephen Peacocke Sr. of the Buffs (Royal East Kent Regiment) (3rd Foot) and Louisa Tottenham Peacocke were married in Bath, Somerset, UK on June 11, 1808.

There is fine miniature portrait of Stephen Sr. c.1800 by George Chinnery.[3] There is a love note from Louisa to Stephen in the back of the miniature:

"My beloved, my adored, Stephen, my idolised and matchless husband, married June 11th, 1808. Louisa Peacock"[4]

Their eldest child, Stephen Ponsonby Peacocke Jr., the artist, was born in 1813. Their second son, Eliott Tottenham Peacocke, was in Tonbridge School 1832-3, joined the 1st Bombay Native Infantry in 1837, was promoted to Captain 1st Grenadiers in 1847 and died in India 3 July 1854.[5] [6]

In 1837, Capt Stephen Ponsonby Peacocke Jr. and Isabella Anne Louisa Brydges, born 1815, died 1872, the daughter of a Baronet, were married, most likely during a furlough back to England.

Stephen and Isabella had 6 children and at least 9 grandchildren:

C1. Georgina Elizabeth Emma Peacocke, of Devonport, New Zealand, born c.1844, Poet, author of book of poems; Rays from the Southern Cross[7], died May 14, 1892, at Devonport, NZ.
C2. John FitzRoy Beresford Peacocke, of Remuera, New Zealand, Born Switzerland, c. 1847, married c. 1876 at Auckland at age 29 to Florence Pilling, in New Zealand 60 years, nil occupation, died 11 June 1917, aged 70 years at Woolton Road, Remuera, NZ, buried Roman Catholic Cemetery, Howick. Male issue living - aged 36, 33, 28, 26. Female issue living - aged 40, 38, 34, 30.
D1. Cyril Peacocke.
D2. Noel Peacocke.
D3. Muriel Charlotte Anne Peacocke, born 1881.
D4. Egerton Francis Peacocke, born 1880.
D5. ? female Peacocke.
D6. Frederica Isabel Peacocke, born 1878.
D7. ? male Peacocke.
D8. Florence Blanche Mary Peacocke, born 1876.
C3. Gerald Loftus Torin Peacocke, a Madeira-born English barrister, later editor of the New Zealand Farmer.
D1. Inez Isabel Maud Peacocke, born Jan. 31, 1881, Teacher, novelist, broadcaster and poet, married George Edward Cluett 30 June 1920 in the Holy Trinity Parish Church of Devonport, died childless, 1973.[8]
C4. Reginald Thomas Stephen Peacocke.
C5. Ponsonby John Raleigh Peacocke.
C6. Ines Eva Isabel Peacocke, married Thomas Lindesay, of Howick, New Zealand.[9] [10]

Career

File:KOSB.JPG
King's Own Scottish Borderers badge and tartan

Stephen Peacocke joined the King's Own Scottish Borderers (25th Foot) infantry regiment as an Ensign on October 25, 1833. He was in India in the 1830's with his regiment and was in Ootacamund convalescing from an illness for some time during this period. He was promoted to Lieutenant on September 15, 1837 and Captain August 23. 1839. In October, 1842, Capt. Peacock was furloughed for 3 months to Bombay.[11] By 1851 he was with the 59th Foot and on November 11, 1851 received a brevet promotion to Major.[12] by 1854-55 he appears on the retired list.[2]

After a stint in Madeira, Stephen and Louisa immigrated to New Zealand from England in 1857 and founded a strong and continuing lineage in New Zealand and Australia.

In 1860 - 1861 he was on the Aukland Jury list as a Retired field officer living at East Tamaki.[13]

Stephen Peacocke attained the rank of Lt. Colonel in the Auckland Militia and died in 1872.

Artworks

In the early days, only about 15 years after the founding of Ootacamund, Captain Peacocke created 17 drawings of historic landscape views in the Nilgiri Hills. In May 1847, the imperial folio; Koondah Ranges, Western Ghauts, Madras, at & about the Stations of Ootacamund and Conoor, and the Segoor, Koondah and Conoor Passes, with vignette title page and sixteen large (Template:Cm to in x Template:Cm to in) plates after Peacocke was executed in the best style of tinted lithography printed on card stock, with added hand colouring, in contemporary half morocco leather binding with gilt spine for the price of £2, 12s. 6p.[14] The set was published by the lithographer, Paul Gauci, 9 North Crescent, Bedford Square, London.[15]

There are three notable features in all the Peacocke drawings. First, the play of sunlight in the background of these landscapes is realistic and supplies the title the Sunlit Hillscapes to this series. The soft but brilliant glow of light in the South Indian hills is beautifully captured by the artist in each of the drawings. Second, the graphical perspective in his topographic representations is very lifelike. The elevations and distant houses are all in proportion and scale. The distant views, with scale and depth, give drama to Peacocke's landscapes. Third is attention to detail away from the central focus of the work. For example in View in the Hills, Hullikkul, one can see that the hills to top left are dotted about with houses, not apparent on a cursory glance, all perfectly positioned, topographically, and in perspective. Capt. Peacocke was trained in surveying in the Army and used this training to good effect in his Neilgherry views.[1]

Other than their 1847 publication, the lithographs are undated and the sequence of the originial paintings is unknown. In an advertisement in Allen's Indian Mail the lithographs are listed in the following order:

Advertisement for Peacocke Lithographs, Allen's Indian Mail, 1846
1. Vignette title-page, with a view of a halting place between Avalanche and Sispara.
2. General View of Ootacamund.
3. Avalanche.
4. View amongst the Hills, near Hullikul.
5. Bearer's godown at the Avalanche
6. Toda Mund and Todas Ootacamund
7. View from the Upper Bungalow, Conoor
8. View over the Native Village, Conoor.
9. View near Hullikul with the Koondah Range and Peak
10. View Of Conoor from the Oota Road
11. Traveller's Bungallow, Sispara.
12. View in the Koondhas, near Sispara.
13. Mr. Grove's House, Waterfall Kaitee.
14. Road Cut between Ootacamund and Conoor
15. View of the Low Country Conoor Pass.
16. Waterfall near Bungallow.
17. View at Ootacamuud, Nilligierries.[14]

Gallery of Lithographs

The following gallery of Stephen Peacock's landscape lithographs is ordered geographically from the Low Country & Coonoor Pass, up through General View of Ootacamund and continuing west up along the Sispara Ghat road past Avalanche and culminating in the most dramatic geography in the Nilgiri Hills; View in the Koondahs, near Sispara.

An entire set of 16, tinted and uncoloured , are part of the Raj Bhavan art collection in Ooty.[1]

In June 1996 a partial set of 14 plates was sold by Christies at auction for £863 ($1,335).[16] The lithos of Peacocke are not in Travel in Aquatint & Lithography by the late Maj. John Roland Abbey.

References

  1. ^ a b c Swami, V.Narayan (January 27, 2009). "Ooty Preserved : The Sunlit Hillscapes of Capt Stephen Ponsonby Peacocke". Rabbiting On. V.Narayan Swami. Retrieved 2009-02-09.
  2. ^ a b Mildred Archer and Ronald Lightbown, India Observed: India as viewed by British artists 1760-1860. (London 1982), Alpine Fine Arts Collection (1984) ISBN-10: 0881680621, ISBN-13: 978-0881680621
  3. ^ note: George Chinnery was a celebrated artist of various locations in India before he skipped leaving large debts and went on to Macau where he spent 35 years and also ran up huge debts.
  4. ^ Winter, Mary (February 8, 2009). "Ooty well preserved and florishing". Rabbiting On. V.Narayan Swami. Retrieved 2009-02-09. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  5. ^ The register of Tonbridge School, from 1820 to 1886
  6. ^ Reddan, Nick (Dec. 12, 2006). "Peacocke family charts" (PDF). Retrieved 2009-02-14. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  7. ^ Peacocke, Georgiana (1876). Rays from the Southern Cross (Original from Harvard University, Digitized Mar 21, 2008 ed.). H.S.King & co. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  8. ^ "Inez Isabel Maud Peacocke". Old Poetry. Retrieved 2009-02-14.
  9. ^ The William the Conqueror DatabaseConqueror 169
  10. ^ Vol 23, page 297, C. Little records, Auckland Public Library
  11. ^ The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Miscellany for British and Foreign India, China and Australia January - April 1843. Item notes: new series, Vol. XL. Vol. n.s. v.40. Leadenhall St., London: Wm. H. Allen & Co. 1843. pp. 68, Furloughs. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  12. ^ Watts, Francis (1854). Bulletins and Other State Intelligence. Item notes: 1853 (Original from the University of Michigan, Digitized Jun 1, 2007 ed.). London Gazette Office, St. Martins Lane: Published by Compiled and arranged from the official documents published in the London gazette. pp. 1008 Brevet.
  13. ^ "Aukland Jury List, 1860 - 1861 L - Y". Daily Southern Cross newspaper. 7 February 1860. pp. Page 4 - Volume XVII, Issue 1294. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
  14. ^ a b Allen, William H. (1847). "Koondah Ranges, Western Ghauts, Madras, at & about the Stations of Ootacamund and Conoor, and the Segoor, Koondah and Conoor Passes". Allen's Indian Mail, and Register of Intelligence of British & Foreign India, China, & All Parts of the East. L. Wild. p. 604. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
  15. ^ "Lot 313 : CAPTAIN STEPHEN PONSONBY PEACOCKE "Views in the Neilgherry &". Auction Location: United Kingdom - 1995. Artfact Live Auctions. Retrieved 2009-02-10.
  16. ^ Captain Stephen Ponsonby Peacocke. "Views in the Neilgherry & Koondah Ranges,..." Christies, London. Retrieved 2009-02-10.

External sources

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