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'''1969 edition of the [[General Roman Calendar]]''' was promulgated on 1 January 1970 by [[Paul VI]]'s ''[[Mysterii Paschalis]]''.
#REDIRECT[[Mysterii Paschalis]]

== Selection of saints included ==
While [[canonization]] involves the addition of the saint's name to the Roman Martyrology, it does not necessarily involve the insertion of the saint's name also into the General Roman Calendar, which mentions only a very limited selection of canonized saints. There is a common misconception that certain saints, (e.g., [[Saint Christopher|Christopher]]) were "unsainted" in 1969 or that veneration of them was "suppressed". In fact, Christopher is recognized as a saint of the Catholic Church, being listed as a martyr in the [[Roman Martyrology]] under 25 July.<ref>''Martyrologium Romanum'' (Typis Vaticanis, 2001 {{ISBN|88-209-7210-7}})</ref> In 1969, [[Pope Paul VI|Paul VI]] issued the [[motu proprio]] ''[[Mysterii Paschalis]]''. In it, he recognized that, while the written ''Acts of Saint Christopher'' are merely legendary, attestations to the veneration of the martyr date from ancient times. His change in the calendar of saints included "leaving the memorial of Saint Christopher to local calendars" because of the relatively late date of its insertion into the Roman calendar.<ref>"Memoria S. Christophori, anno circiter 1550 in Calendario romano ascripta, Calendariis particularibus relinquitur: quamvis Acta S. Christophori fabulosa sint, antiqua inveniuntur monumenta eius venerationis; attamen cultus huius Sancti non pertinet ad traditionem romanam" – ''Calendarium Romanum'' (Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis 1969), p. 131.</ref>

== Liturgical year ==
In the [[liturgical books]], the document ''General Roman Calendar'' (which lists not only fixed celebrations but also some moveable ones) is printed immediately after the document ''Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year and the Calendar'',<ref name="EngMissal" /><ref name="LatMissal2002" /> which states that "throughout the course of the year the Church unfolds the entire mystery of Christ and observes the birthdays of the Saints". The birth of a saint to heaven is as a rule celebrated on a fixed day of the year (although sometimes they may be moved either to or from a Sunday), but the mysteries of Christ are often celebrated on dates that always vary from year to year. The Catholic Church's year combines two cycles of liturgical celebrations. One has been called the Proper of Time or [[Temporale]], associated with the moveable date of Easter and the fixed date of Christmas. The other is associated with fixed calendar dates and has been called the Proper of Saints or [[Sanctorale]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Celebrating the Liturgy's Books |url=http://www.columbia.edu/itc/music/manuscripts/liturgical_year.html |access-date=2018-11-06 |website=www.columbia.edu}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Proper of Saints {{!}} Christianity |language=en |work=Encyclopedia Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/478990/Proper-of-Saints |access-date=2018-11-06}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Definition of SANCTORALE |url=http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sanctorale |access-date=2018-11-06 |website=www.merriam-webster.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Dictionary : PROPER OF THE SAINTS |url=https://www.catholicculture.org/culture/library/dictionary/index.cfm?id=35843 |access-date=2018-11-06 |website=www.catholicculture.org}}</ref> The General Roman Calendar includes celebrations that belong to the Proper of Time or Temporale and is not limited to those that make up the Proper of Saints or Sanctorale. An instance where two observances occur on the same date is called an occurrence.<ref>{{Cite Catholic Encyclopedia|wstitle=Occurrence|author=Cabrol, Fernand}}</ref>

== Transfer of celebrations ==
Some celebrations listed in the General Roman Calendar are transferred to another date:
{{quote|For the pastoral advantage of the people, it is permissible to observe on the Sundays in Ordinary Time those celebrations that fall during the week and have special appeal to the devotion of the faithful, provided the celebrations take precedence over these Sundays in the Table of Liturgical Days.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.catholicculture.org/index.cfm|title=Catholic News, Commentary, Information, Resources, and the Liturgical Year|website=www.catholicculture.org}}</ref>}}

== Particular calendars ==
The General Calendar is printed, for instance, in the [[Roman Missal]]<ref>''Missale Romanum'', editio typica tertia 2002, Libreria Editrice Vaticana</ref> and the [[Liturgy of the Hours]].<ref>''Liturgia Horarum iuxta ritum Romanum'', editio typica altera 2000, Libreria Editrice Vaticana</ref> These are up to date when printed, but additional feasts may be added later. For that reason, if those celebrating the liturgy have not inserted into the books a note about the changes, they must consult the current annual publication, known as the "Ordo", for their country or religious congregation. These annual publications, like those that, disregarding the feasts that are obligatory in the actual church where the liturgy is celebrated, list only celebrations included in the General Calendar,<ref>An example is ''Ordo Missae Celebrandae et Divini Officii persolvendi secundum calendarium Romanum generale pro anno liturgico 2006'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana).</ref> are useful only for the current year, since they omit celebrations impeded because of falling on a Sunday or during periods such as [[Holy Week]] and the [[Octave of Easter]].

This distinction is made in application of the decision of the [[Second Vatican Council]]: "Lest the feasts of the saints should take precedence over the feasts which commemorate the very mysteries of salvation, many of them should be left to be celebrated by a [[particular Church]] or nation or family of religious; only those should be extended to the universal Church which commemorate saints who are truly of universal importance."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sacrosanctum concilium |url=https://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19631204_sacrosanctum-concilium_en.html |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080221180735/https://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_const_19631204_sacrosanctum-concilium_en.html |archivedate=21 February 2008 |website=www.vatican.va}}</ref>

== Institutional and societal calendars ==
{{Main|Institutional and societal calendars of the Roman Rite}}

== National calendars ==
{{Main|National calendars of the Roman Rite}}

== Personal jurisdiction calendars ==
{{Main|Personal jurisdiction calendars of the Roman Rite}}

== Diocesan and parish calendars ==
The calendar for a diocese is typically based on a national calendar, with a few additions. For instance, the anniversary of the dedication of the cathedral is celebrated as a solemnity in the cathedral church and as a feast in all the other churches of the diocese. The feast day of the principal [[patron saint]] of the diocese is celebrated as a feast throughout the diocese.<ref>[http://www.catholicculture.org/library/view.cfm?recnum=5932 ''General Norms for the Liturgical Year and the Calendar''], Table of Liturgical Days according to their order of precedence, 4 and 8.</ref>

Revision as of 22:06, 6 September 2022

1969 edition of the General Roman Calendar was promulgated on 1 January 1970 by Paul VI's Mysterii Paschalis.

Selection of saints included

While canonization involves the addition of the saint's name to the Roman Martyrology, it does not necessarily involve the insertion of the saint's name also into the General Roman Calendar, which mentions only a very limited selection of canonized saints. There is a common misconception that certain saints, (e.g., Christopher) were "unsainted" in 1969 or that veneration of them was "suppressed". In fact, Christopher is recognized as a saint of the Catholic Church, being listed as a martyr in the Roman Martyrology under 25 July.[1] In 1969, Paul VI issued the motu proprio Mysterii Paschalis. In it, he recognized that, while the written Acts of Saint Christopher are merely legendary, attestations to the veneration of the martyr date from ancient times. His change in the calendar of saints included "leaving the memorial of Saint Christopher to local calendars" because of the relatively late date of its insertion into the Roman calendar.[2]

Liturgical year

In the liturgical books, the document General Roman Calendar (which lists not only fixed celebrations but also some moveable ones) is printed immediately after the document Universal Norms on the Liturgical Year and the Calendar,[3][4] which states that "throughout the course of the year the Church unfolds the entire mystery of Christ and observes the birthdays of the Saints". The birth of a saint to heaven is as a rule celebrated on a fixed day of the year (although sometimes they may be moved either to or from a Sunday), but the mysteries of Christ are often celebrated on dates that always vary from year to year. The Catholic Church's year combines two cycles of liturgical celebrations. One has been called the Proper of Time or Temporale, associated with the moveable date of Easter and the fixed date of Christmas. The other is associated with fixed calendar dates and has been called the Proper of Saints or Sanctorale.[5][6][7][8] The General Roman Calendar includes celebrations that belong to the Proper of Time or Temporale and is not limited to those that make up the Proper of Saints or Sanctorale. An instance where two observances occur on the same date is called an occurrence.[9]

Transfer of celebrations

Some celebrations listed in the General Roman Calendar are transferred to another date:

For the pastoral advantage of the people, it is permissible to observe on the Sundays in Ordinary Time those celebrations that fall during the week and have special appeal to the devotion of the faithful, provided the celebrations take precedence over these Sundays in the Table of Liturgical Days.[10]

Particular calendars

The General Calendar is printed, for instance, in the Roman Missal[11] and the Liturgy of the Hours.[12] These are up to date when printed, but additional feasts may be added later. For that reason, if those celebrating the liturgy have not inserted into the books a note about the changes, they must consult the current annual publication, known as the "Ordo", for their country or religious congregation. These annual publications, like those that, disregarding the feasts that are obligatory in the actual church where the liturgy is celebrated, list only celebrations included in the General Calendar,[13] are useful only for the current year, since they omit celebrations impeded because of falling on a Sunday or during periods such as Holy Week and the Octave of Easter.

This distinction is made in application of the decision of the Second Vatican Council: "Lest the feasts of the saints should take precedence over the feasts which commemorate the very mysteries of salvation, many of them should be left to be celebrated by a particular Church or nation or family of religious; only those should be extended to the universal Church which commemorate saints who are truly of universal importance."[14]

Institutional and societal calendars

Main article: Institutional and societal calendars of the Roman Rite

National calendars

Main article: National calendars of the Roman Rite

Personal jurisdiction calendars

Main article: Personal jurisdiction calendars of the Roman Rite

Diocesan and parish calendars

The calendar for a diocese is typically based on a national calendar, with a few additions. For instance, the anniversary of the dedication of the cathedral is celebrated as a solemnity in the cathedral church and as a feast in all the other churches of the diocese. The feast day of the principal patron saint of the diocese is celebrated as a feast throughout the diocese.[15]

  1. ^ Martyrologium Romanum (Typis Vaticanis, 2001 ISBN 88-209-7210-7)
  2. ^ "Memoria S. Christophori, anno circiter 1550 in Calendario romano ascripta, Calendariis particularibus relinquitur: quamvis Acta S. Christophori fabulosa sint, antiqua inveniuntur monumenta eius venerationis; attamen cultus huius Sancti non pertinet ad traditionem romanam" – Calendarium Romanum (Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis 1969), p. 131.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference EngMissal was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ Cite error: The named reference LatMissal2002 was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  5. ^ "Celebrating the Liturgy's Books". www.columbia.edu. Retrieved 2018-11-06.
  6. ^ "Proper of Saints | Christianity". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2018-11-06.
  7. ^ "Definition of SANCTORALE". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2018-11-06.
  8. ^ "Dictionary : PROPER OF THE SAINTS". www.catholicculture.org. Retrieved 2018-11-06.
  9. ^ Cabrol, Fernand (1913). "Occurrence" . In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  10. ^ "Catholic News, Commentary, Information, Resources, and the Liturgical Year". www.catholicculture.org.
  11. ^ Missale Romanum, editio typica tertia 2002, Libreria Editrice Vaticana
  12. ^ Liturgia Horarum iuxta ritum Romanum, editio typica altera 2000, Libreria Editrice Vaticana
  13. ^ An example is Ordo Missae Celebrandae et Divini Officii persolvendi secundum calendarium Romanum generale pro anno liturgico 2006 (Libreria Editrice Vaticana).
  14. ^ "Sacrosanctum concilium". www.vatican.va. Archived from the original on 21 February 2008.
  15. ^ General Norms for the Liturgical Year and the Calendar, Table of Liturgical Days according to their order of precedence, 4 and 8.
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