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|species = ''[[I. paradoxa]]''
|species = ''[[I. paradoxa]]''
|binomial = ''Iris paradoxa''
|binomial = ''Iris paradoxa''
|binomial_authority = ([[Yury Nikolaevich Voronov|Woron.]]) [[Armen Takhtajan|Takht.]]
|binomial_authority = [[Christian von Steven|Steven]]
|synonyms = {{Species list
|synonyms = {{Species list
|Iris annae |Grossh.
|Iris annae |Grossh.
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'''Iris paradoxa''' is a species in the genus ''[[Iris (plant)|Iris]]'', it is also in the subgenus of [[Iris subg. Iris|Iris]] and in the Oncocyclus section. It is
'''Iris paradoxa''' is a species in the genus ''[[Iris (plant)|Iris]]'', it is also in the subgenus of [[Iris subg. Iris|Iris]] and in the Oncocyclus section. It is


==Description==
⚫
[[File:Iris paradoxa-IMG 2204.jpg|thumb]]
''I. nectarifera'' has

Like other irises, the flowers have 2 pairs of petals, 3 large [[sepals]] (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or [[tepals]], known as the 'standards'.<ref name=ClaireAustin>{{cite book | first= Claire | last=Austin | title= Irises: A Gardener's Encyclopedia | publisher= Timber Press, Incorporated | isbn = 978-0881927306 | year = 2005 |ol = OL8176432M}}</ref>
{{convert|7|-|8.5|cm|0|abbr=on}} long

===Biochemistry===
As most irises are [[diploid]], meaning having two sets of [[chromosomes]]. This can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings.<ref name=ClaireAustin/> 2n=20 <ref name=signa/>

==Taxonomy==

It was first published and described by [[Christian von Steven|Steven]]



Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 5: 355 1817.<ref name="Plantlist"/>
Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 5: 355 1817.<ref name="Plantlist"/>
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Remarks
Remarks
Reg. Caucus<ref name=ipni>{{cite web |title=Iris paradoxa Steven, Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou v. (1814) 355. |url=https://www.ipni.org/n/438953-1 |accessdate=22 February 2020}}</ref>
Reg. Caucus<ref name=ipni>{{cite web |title=Iris paradoxa Steven, Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou v. (1814) 355. |url=https://www.ipni.org/n/438953-1 |accessdate=22 February 2020}}</ref>

⚫
[[File:Iris paradoxa-IMG 2204.jpg|thumb]]

There is a known [[Variety (botany)|variety]] called ''I. nectarifera'' var. ''mardinensis'' Guner

==Distribution and habitat==
It is [[native plant|native]] to temperate [[Western Asia]].<ref name=grin/>
===Range===
It is found

===Habitat===
It grows on

===Propagation===
Irises can generally be propagated by [[Division (horticulture)|division]],<ref>{{cite web |title=How to divide iris rhizomes |url=http://www.gardenersworld.com/how-to/projects/propagating/how-to-divide-iris-rhizomes/169.html |publisher=gardenersworld.com |accessdate=12 October 2015}}</ref> or by seed growing.

==Toxicity==
Like many other irises, most parts of the plant are poisonous (rhizome and leaves), if mistakenly ingested, it can cause stomach pains and vomiting. Also handling the plant may cause a skin irritation or an allergic reaction.<ref>David G Spoerke and Susan C. Smolinske {{Google books|a7-f66fRfzQC|Toxicity of Houseplants |page=236}}</ref>




Botanical Name: Iris paradoxa (added by D. Kramb, 03-DEC-03)
Botanical Name: Iris paradoxa (added by D. Kramb, 03-DEC-03)
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Other common names
Other common names
unusual iris
Unusual iris
Details
Details
I. paradoxa is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, 10-25cm high, with narrow leaves 2-4mm wide, and flowers in spring or early summer. The erect standards may be white, veined with deep blue-violet, to uniform deepest purple, pale blue or pale yellow; the somewhat horizontal falls may be blackish-violet, through pale purple densely overlaid with black-purple veins, to golden yellow, and the beards are velvety black-purple; it is dormant in late summer
I. paradoxa is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, 10-25cm high, with narrow leaves 2-4mm wide, and flowers in spring or early summer. The erect standards may be white, veined with deep blue-violet, to uniform deepest purple, pale blue or pale yellow; the somewhat horizontal falls may be blackish-violet, through pale purple densely overlaid with black-purple veins, to golden yellow, and the beards are velvety black-purple; it is dormant in late summer
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==Other sources==
==Other sources==

== External links ==
* http://balearicgarden.es/iris/oncocyclus/ Has images of various Oncocyclus Irises

<!-- {{commons category|Iris paradoxa}}
{{wikispecies-inline|Iris paradoxa|'''Iris paradoxa'''}}

[[Category:Iris (plant)|paradoxa]]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q12843821}}

[[Category:Plants described in 1980]]
[[Category:Poisonous plants]]
[[Category:Garden plants]]
[[Category:Flora of Iraq]]
[[Category:Flora of Syria]]
[[Category:Flora of Turkey]] -->

Revision as of 14:12, 25 August 2020

Iris paradoxa
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Monocots
Order:
Asparagales
Family:
Iridaceae
Subfamily:
Iridoideae
Tribe:
Irideae
Genus:
Iris
Species:
I. paradoxa
Binomial name
Iris paradoxa
Synonyms
  • Iris annae Grossh.
  • Iris paradoxa f. paradoxa
  • Iris paradoxa var. violacea Baker
  • Oncocyclus paradoxus (Steven) Siemssen
[1]

Iris paradoxa is a species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus of Iris and in the Oncocyclus section. It is

Description

I. nectarifera has

Like other irises, the flowers have 2 pairs of petals, 3 large sepals (outer petals), known as the 'falls' and 3 inner, smaller petals (or tepals, known as the 'standards'.[2] 7–8.5 cm (3–3 in) long

Biochemistry

As most irises are diploid, meaning having two sets of chromosomes. This can be used to identify hybrids and classification of groupings.[2] 2n=20 [3]

Taxonomy

It was first published and described by Steven


Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou 5: 355 1817.[1]

Publication Mémoires de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou. Moscow Collation v. (1814) 355. Family as entered in IPNI Iridaceae Original Data Remarks Reg. Caucus[4]

There is a known variety called I. nectarifera var. mardinensis Guner

Distribution and habitat

It is native to temperate Western Asia.[5]

Range

It is found

Habitat

It grows on

Propagation

Irises can generally be propagated by division,[6] or by seed growing.

Toxicity

Like many other irises, most parts of the plant are poisonous (rhizome and leaves), if mistakenly ingested, it can cause stomach pains and vomiting. Also handling the plant may cause a skin irritation or an allergic reaction.[7]


Botanical Name: Iris paradoxa (added by D. Kramb, 03-DEC-03) Aril, Oncocyclus (D. Kramb, 03-DEC-03) Chromosome Count:2n=20 [3] General Description:Grows 4"-10" tall. Standards are purple or violet. Falls are darker, with a blackish beard. [3] Distinguishing Features:This is the only iris with falls that are extremely smaller than the standards. [3] Preferred Habitat:Arid [3] Native Range:Armenia, Iran, Turkey (D. Kramb, 30-SEP-04)[3]

Other common names Unusual iris Details I. paradoxa is a rhizomatous herbaceous perennial, 10-25cm high, with narrow leaves 2-4mm wide, and flowers in spring or early summer. The erect standards may be white, veined with deep blue-violet, to uniform deepest purple, pale blue or pale yellow; the somewhat horizontal falls may be blackish-violet, through pale purple densely overlaid with black-purple veins, to golden yellow, and the beards are velvety black-purple; it is dormant in late summer

Plant range E Turkey, N Iran, Caucasus[8]

Iris paradoxa

Botanical Description About 15-25 cm in height. Leaves falcate, 2-4mm wide. Flowers to 10cm in diameter, with short, narrow, horizontal to somewhat arching, extensively bearded falls and very large erect, rounded standards. The colour varies greatly; the falls may be blackish-violet to golden yellow and the standards white with darker veins to uniform deepest purple, pale blue or pale yellow, early summer. Turkey, Iran and adjacent Russia on stony hillsides at 1200-2000m. Lp. forma choschah is perhaps the commonest form in cultivation, having black-purple falls and white, dark veined standards. Alpine house, fairly easy to grow.[9]

(SPEC) Iris paradoxa Stev. 1817, Botanical author Steven Iris paradoxa Steven ( Christian von Steven, 1817, Transcaucasia, Armenia, Northern Persia); Section Oncocyclus Color Code-S3D; Height 4-10" (10-25 cm). Described in Flora USSR: "Falls almost black violet, standards bright violet or dark violet blackish purple hairs." Velvet Iris Mem. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. 5: 355. 1817; Gartenflora 12: 16. Tab. 386. 1863, illustrated in color. Krel. 1892; 1913; Van W. 1906; Hocker 1938; F.C.C., R.H.S. 1900, shown by Van T.; Hort Dir. 42: 60. 1901;

Variations Iris paradoxa cultivars include: 'Atrata', 'Choschab', 'Jolfa Form', 'Medwedewi', 'Mirabilis', 'Paradoxa', 'Paradoxa Albo-Lutescens', Hybrids Iris paradoxa crosses: Iris paradoxa crossed with *Section Iris (arilbreds):* Iris paradoxa X Iris pallida : 'Alkmene', 'Hamadan', 'Lady Lilford', 'Parpall' Iris paradoxa X tall bearded: 'Parsam' Iris paradoxa X Iris variegata : 'Parvar' Iris paradoxa and Iris variegata : 'Shadrach' Iris paradoxa crossed with Section Oncocyclus : Iris paradoxa and Iris acutiloba : Zuvendicus' Iris camillae X Iris paradoxa: 'First Sergeant' Iris iberica X Iris paradoxa: 'Ib-Parad' Iris paradoxa X Iris iberica: 'Koenigii', 'Paradib' Iris paradoxa crossed with Section Regelia : Iris paradoxa X Iris korolkowii : Parkor' Iris korolkowii X Iris paradoxa: 'Camilla', 'Clytemnestra', ';Sirona', 'Minerva', ¼ Iris paradoxa crosses 'Cactiforium', 'Charming Chick', 'Clotho', 'Dear Me', 'Don Ricardo', 'Emily Pyke', 'Regal Plus'[10]

Iris Paradoxa: Steven 1817 Hexapogon Group Oncocyclus series. Iris Paradoxa is an Aril, originally from Armenia. A hardy perennial herb with rhizomes. Iris Paradoxa, is an Oncocyclus, are rare, expensive and fragile plants, they are also called Aril. They enjoy rock gardens, which undergo a summer drought.

Stoloniferous rhizomes, Iris Paradoxa are sometimes small 1cm, but the plant has very developed secondary roots. These stretch in two wicks sometimes three, lie deep in the ground.

The leaves are lanceolate, greenish-gray, crescent-shaped, they are no more than 4 cm long.

The stem is also small door 1, see 2 inflorescences. One of his paradoxes, and they are numerous, and that the leaves are the roots do not occupy more than 10cm square, while the flower is much more developed. The flower blossoms between April and May. Brown to black, it is disproportionate compared to its very small leaves, extremely reduced. It's a beautiful Oncocyclus with surprising shapes. The erected petals form the bulk of the flower, lined with purple. The sepals are reduced to tabs that bear a pretty beard. Iris Paradoxa at the least developed falls of the genus iris. The flower has a shelf life of two to three days. Well removed the flower stalk after flowering.

Chromosomes: 2n = 20[11]

I. paradoxa Steven. Armenia, Iran, Turkey. 4-10" (1025 cm). Standards purple or violet; falls darker; blackish beard. 2n=20. [12]

Iris paradoxa was rightly named " the unexpected," for it is entirely unlike any other species. Its home is in the mountains in Talisch and Northern Persia, which surround the south end of the Caspian Sea. The first discovered specimens were of the form which has been more frequently in cultivation, and which has the groundwork of the standards of a blue colour instead of the silvery white of the form illustrated in the supplementary coloured plate.

Paradoxa deserves its name for, whereas in most irises the standards are smaller than the falls, in this case the falls are merely narrow straps covered as it were with black velvet, while the standards are large and circular, veined with deep blue on a bluish-white ground.[13]

I. parpall (paradoxa x pallida)[13] I. parvar (paradoxa x variegata)[13]

Species: paradoxa (par-uh-DOKS-uh) (Info) Synonym: Iris annae Synonym: Oncocyclus paradoxus Height: under 6 in. (15 cm) - 6-12 in. (15-30 cm) Spacing: 9-12 in. (22-30 cm) - 12-15 in. (30-38 cm) Sun Exposure: Full Sun Dangers: Parts of plant are poisonous if ingested Handling plant may cause skin irritation or allergic reaction Bloom Color: Lavender,Medium Purple,Dark Purple/Black Bloom Time: Early (E) + Early midseason (EM) Foliage: Herbaceous Soil pH requirements: 6.1 to 6.5 (mildly acidic) - 7.6 to 7.8 (mildly alkaline) Propagation Methods: By dividing rhizomes, tubers, corms or bulbs (including offsets) Seed Collecting: Allow pods to dry on plant; break open to collect seeds Foliage Color: Blue-Green[14]

References

  1. ^ a b "Iris paradoxa Steven is an accepted name". theplantlist.org. Retrieved 22 February 2020.
  2. ^ a b Austin, Claire (2005). Irises: A Gardener's Encyclopedia. Timber Press, Incorporated. ISBN 978-0881927306. OL 8176432M.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Kramb, D. (30 September 2004). "Iris paradoxa". signa.org. Retrieved 23 February 2020.
  4. ^ "Iris paradoxa Steven, Mém. Soc. Imp. Naturalistes Moscou v. (1814) 355". Retrieved 22 February 2020.
  5. ^ Cite error: The named reference grin was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  6. ^ "How to divide iris rhizomes". gardenersworld.com. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
  7. ^ David G Spoerke and Susan C. Smolinske Toxicity of Houseplants , p. 236, at Google Books
  8. ^ "Iris paradoxa". rhs.org.uk. Retrieved 22 February 2020.
  9. ^ "Iris paradoxa". Alpine Garden Society. Retrieved 22 February 2020.
  10. ^ "SpecParadoxa < Spec < Iris Wiki". wiki.irises.org. 16 May 2018. Retrieved 22 February 2020.
  11. ^ "chapitre I (partie 5) Les Oncocyclus II". dictionaire des iridacée (in French). irisbotanique.over-blog.com. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
  12. ^ "Iris summary" (PDF). pacificbulbsociety.org. 14 April 2014. Retrieved 23 November 2014.
  13. ^ a b c Dykes, William. "Dykes on Iris" (PDF). beardlessiris.org (The Group for Beardless Irises). Retrieved 21 November 2014.
  14. ^ "PlantFiles: Species Iris; Iris paradoxa". Dave's Garden. Retrieved 23 February 2020.

Other sources


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