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==Production==
==Production==
The novel was published in 1950. The ''New York Times'' called it one of the best mysteries of the year.<ref>Best Mysteries of 1950
⚫
In April 1973 producers David Foster and Lawrence Turman announced they had optioned the rights to MacDonald's novel ''The Drowning Pool'' (1950) for director [[Robert Mulligan]] and had hired Walter Hill to adapt it.<ref>Barbra Nightingale: SELECTED SHORTS DETECTIVE WHO? TOUCHDOWN! Nurse Barbra
New York Times 3 Dec 1950: BR30. </ref>
⚫
By A. H. WEILER. New York Times (1923-Current file) [New York, N.Y] 29 Apr 1973: 135.</ref> Hill later estimated that only two minor scenes in the film were true to his adaptation.<ref name="mike">"Hard Riding", Greco, Mike, ''Film Comment'' 16.3 (May/Jun 1980): 13-19,80.</ref>


In 1966 a film was made of a Lew Archer novel called ''Harper'', starring Paul Newman. The character of Archer was renamed "Harper" for the movie. It was based on a script by [[William Goldman]], who then wrote a follow up Archer adaptation, based on ''The Chill''. However that movie was never made.
⚫
Paul Newman agreed to star, which meant the film was co-produced by First Artists at Warner Bros. By September 1974 Tracy Keenan Wynn was writing the screenplay.<ref>Wynn Signs Pact With Columbia

Los Angeles Times (1923-Current File); Los Angeles, Calif. [Los Angeles, Calif]18 Sep 1974: f25.</ref>
⚫
In April 1973 producers David Foster and Lawrence Turman announced they had optioned the rights to the novel ''The Drowning Pool'' for director [[Robert Mulligan]] and had hired Walter Hill to adapt it.<ref>Barbra Nightingale: SELECTED SHORTS DETECTIVE WHO? TOUCHDOWN! Nurse Barbra
By A. H. WEILER. New York Times 29 Apr 1973: 135.</ref> Hill did a draft saying he "tried to toughen up the material and put a little more muscle in Lew Archer's pants which was probably a mistake. Certainly the studio and the producers ended up feeling that way; their main criticism was MacDonald's fans don't respond to physical action. They may have been right, but I thought going in the direction they wanted with the script was a highway to dullsville."<ref name="hill"/> Hill said this prompted him to "more or less jump ship" to go and make his directorial debut ''Hard Times''.<ref name="hill">{{cite web|url=http://filmint.nu.hemsida.eu/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/Walter-Hill-Interview2.pdf|page=15|website=Film International|number=12|first=Patrick|last=McGilligan|title=Last Man Standing: An Interview with Walter Hill}}</ref>

Hill says that when he became involved Paul Newman was not attached to the film, and that when Hill left the project, so too did Mulligan.<ref name="hill"/>

⚫
Eventually Paul Newman agreed to star. This meant the film was co-produced by First Artists at Warner Bros. By July 1974 Joanne Woodward had agreed to costar and Lorenzo Semple had rewritten the script.<ref>Paul, Joanne to Costar in 'Pool'
Los Angeles Times 4 July 1974: f12. </ref> Producer Foster says it was Woodward's suggestion to relocate the story from California to Louisiana, as she felt it would offer a point of difference.<ref name="one"/>

By September 1974 Tracy Keenan Wynn, who had earned a strong reputation writing TV movies, was working on the screenplay.<ref>Wynn Signs Pact With Columbia
Los Angeles Times 18 Sep 1974: f25.</ref> Hill said that later [[Eric Roth]] did some writing on it.<ref name="hill"/>

[[Jack Garfein]] said his agent pitched Garfein to direct the movie and Newman was agreeable, but then Stewart Rosenberg approached Newman asking for the job, saying he was going through personal problems and was "desperate" for the job, so Newman chose Rosenberg.<ref>{{cite book|page=189-190|title=Paul and Joanne : a biography of Paul Newman and Joanne Woodward|last1=Morella|first1= Joe|last2= Epstein|first2= Edward Z|year=1988 |publisher=Delacorte Press }}</ref>

Originally the plan was to call the lead character "Dave Ryan" so the film would not be confused as a sequel to ''Harper''. Then a few weeks before pre production it was decided that it was "foolish to make this change" (Foster) and the character ended up being called "Harper".<ref name="one">title=One good film deserves another|last=Druxman|first= Michael B.|year=1977 |Publisher=A. S. Barnes|page=15}}</ref>


Newman said "a character like Harper is very easy. It's great fun to get up in the morning and play Harper."<ref>The Newmans: 2 Lives in the Movies
Newman said "a character like Harper is very easy. It's great fun to get up in the morning and play Harper."<ref>The Newmans: 2 Lives in the Movies
By MEL GUSSOW. New York Times (1923-Current file); New York, N.Y. [New York, N.Y]28 Apr 1975: 33.</ref>
By MEL GUSSOW. New York Times 28 Apr 1975: 33.</ref>


The film was shot in late 1974. There was location filming in Lafayette and New Orleans.<ref>Display of hands for Barbra, Jon
The film was shot in late 1974. There was location filming in Lafayette and New Orleans.<ref>Display of hands for Barbra, Jon
Chicago Tribune (1963-Current file); Chicago, Ill. [Chicago, Ill]05 Dec 1974: b16.</ref> The melody to the international hit song [[Killing Me Softly with His Song]] is heard playing in the background of several scenes in the film.
Chicago Tribune (5 Dec 1974: b16.</ref> The melody to the international hit song [[Killing Me Softly with His Song]] is heard playing in the background of several scenes in the film.

At the time the film was being made, Paramount were producing a TV series based on the Lew Archer novels starring [[Brian Keith]].<ref>Brian Keith's playing Lew Archer--but with Hawaii on his mind
Smith, Cecil. Los Angeles Times 26 Jan 1975: q2.</ref>

Before the movie came out a film buyer said "you're sure it's going to be a disaster because Stuart Rosenberg-ooh! What has Stuart Rosenberg got on Paul Newman? I mean, after ''WUSA'', how could anyone . . .? This man has got to be the Otto Preminger of grade-B movies. He just hasn't made a commercial movie in years, and people still give him big properties."<ref>SPLITTING JAWS WITH THE HAPPY BOOKER: A TALK WITH A CIRCUIT BUYER
Maslin, Janet. Film Comment; New York Vol. 11, Iss. 4, (Jul/Aug 1975): 57-62,64. </ref>

⚫
Hill later estimated that only two minor scenes in the film were true to his adaptation.<ref name="mike">"Hard Riding", Greco, Mike, ''Film Comment'' 16.3 (May/Jun 1980): 13-19,80.</ref> He said he "wasn't too crazy about the movie."<ref name="hill"/>


==Reception==
==Reception==

Revision as of 10:59, 11 April 2020

The Drowning Pool
original movie poster
Directed byStuart Rosenberg
Written byTracy Keenan Wynn
Lorenzo Semple Jr.
Walter Hill
Produced byDavid Foster
Lawrence Turman
StarringPaul Newman
Joanne Woodward
Anthony Franciosa
Murray Hamilton
Gail Strickland
Melanie Griffith
CinematographyGordon Willis
Edited byJohn C. Howard
Music byMichael Small
Production
company
First Artists
Distributed byWarner Bros. Pictures
Release date
  • July 10, 1975 (1975-07-10)
Running time
109 minutes
CountryUnited States
LanguagesEnglish
French
Budget$2.7 million[1]
Box office$2.6 million (US and Canada rentals)[2]

The Drowning Pool is a 1975 American neo-noir[3] thriller film directed by Stuart Rosenberg, and based upon Ross Macdonald's novel of the same name. The film stars Paul Newman, Joanne Woodward, and Anthony Franciosa, and is a loose sequel to Harper. The setting is shifted from California to Louisiana.

Plot synopsis

Los Angeles-based private investigator Lew Harper flies to Louisiana to do a job for his ex-flame, Iris Devereaux. She believes the family's ex-chauffeur is the person who is blackmailing her with the knowledge that she has cheated on her husband. The husband does not care, but his mother, Olivia Devereaux, is the family matriarch and runs the family estate with an iron, unforgiving grip.

Even before his investigation begins, Harper is approached in his motel room by a teenaged girl. He sends her away, later he discovers that the teenager is Iris Devereaux's daughter, Schuyler. Their meeting in the motel room brings Harper to the attention of police chief Broussard and the disagreeable Lieutenant Franks. Broussard accepts Harper's explanation, but tells him he will be following what Harper does as he has a personal interest in the Devereaux family.

Harper is abducted by two hoods working for the oil magnate J.J. Kilbourne, who thinks Harper might be useful in his efforts to get ownership of some of Olivia Devereaux's oil-rich properties, which she is content to maintain as bird sanctuaries. Harper is non-committal towards Kilbourne, and the hoods return him to his car. On Harper's return he learns that the dead body of Olivia Devereaux has just been found and the police's prime suspect is the ex-chauffeur.

While searching for the chauffeur Harper is abducted again, this time by hoods working for a mysterious woman. He does not have any useful information for her and is released, he later finds out she is Mavis Kilbourne, the wife of the oil magnate. She is working behind her husband's back trying to find an account book containing information of his illicit business dealings, which he is desperate to recover and would kill her over if he knew she had a hand in its disappearance.

Harper tracks down the chauffeur, Pat Reavis. He calls it in to the police and makes Reavis drive them back to the Devereaux estate. En route, Reavis, whom Harper found with ten thousand dollars in his possession, denies involvement in blackmailing Iris and murdering Olivia, claiming he was at the scene of the murder because he had been having an affair with Schuyler. However he admits to having information that he expects will yield a lot of money, and offers Harper a share of it if he will let him go. The car they are in is forced off the road by masked gunmen, who shoot Reavis dead and shoot at, but miss, Harper.

Despite the ever-growing body count in what started as a simple case of blackmail, and despite Iris's pleading with him to give up on the case and go home, Harper continues investigating. He correctly deduces that Reavis came into possession of the missing account book and must have given it to a trusted girlfriend for safekeeping. Realizing further that Lieutenant Franks must have been involved in the killing of Reavis, Harper ambushes Franks in his own home and forces him to admit he does jobs for J.J. Kilbourne. When Harper later confronts Kilbourne with the information, the oil magnate admits to having hired Reavis, but insists it was only to spy on Olivia Devereaux, not to kill her. When Harper tells Kilbourne he knows about the missing account book, Kilbourne offers him a fortune for it, but Harper just walks away. This leads to the climactic scene of the film's title, with J.J. Kilbourne and his henchman torturing Harper and Mavis to find out where the notebook is, their desperate attempt to escape, and several more deaths, including a final one that results in police chief Broussard confronting Harper despairingly.

Cast

Production

The novel was published in 1950. The New York Times called it one of the best mysteries of the year.[4]

In 1966 a film was made of a Lew Archer novel called Harper, starring Paul Newman. The character of Archer was renamed "Harper" for the movie. It was based on a script by William Goldman, who then wrote a follow up Archer adaptation, based on The Chill. However that movie was never made.

In April 1973 producers David Foster and Lawrence Turman announced they had optioned the rights to the novel The Drowning Pool for director Robert Mulligan and had hired Walter Hill to adapt it.[5] Hill did a draft saying he "tried to toughen up the material and put a little more muscle in Lew Archer's pants which was probably a mistake. Certainly the studio and the producers ended up feeling that way; their main criticism was MacDonald's fans don't respond to physical action. They may have been right, but I thought going in the direction they wanted with the script was a highway to dullsville."[6] Hill said this prompted him to "more or less jump ship" to go and make his directorial debut Hard Times.[6]

Hill says that when he became involved Paul Newman was not attached to the film, and that when Hill left the project, so too did Mulligan.[6]

Eventually Paul Newman agreed to star. This meant the film was co-produced by First Artists at Warner Bros. By July 1974 Joanne Woodward had agreed to costar and Lorenzo Semple had rewritten the script.[7] Producer Foster says it was Woodward's suggestion to relocate the story from California to Louisiana, as she felt it would offer a point of difference.[8]

By September 1974 Tracy Keenan Wynn, who had earned a strong reputation writing TV movies, was working on the screenplay.[9] Hill said that later Eric Roth did some writing on it.[6]

Jack Garfein said his agent pitched Garfein to direct the movie and Newman was agreeable, but then Stewart Rosenberg approached Newman asking for the job, saying he was going through personal problems and was "desperate" for the job, so Newman chose Rosenberg.[10]

Originally the plan was to call the lead character "Dave Ryan" so the film would not be confused as a sequel to Harper. Then a few weeks before pre production it was decided that it was "foolish to make this change" (Foster) and the character ended up being called "Harper".[8]

Newman said "a character like Harper is very easy. It's great fun to get up in the morning and play Harper."[11]

The film was shot in late 1974. There was location filming in Lafayette and New Orleans.[12] The melody to the international hit song Killing Me Softly with His Song is heard playing in the background of several scenes in the film.

At the time the film was being made, Paramount were producing a TV series based on the Lew Archer novels starring Brian Keith.[13]

Before the movie came out a film buyer said "you're sure it's going to be a disaster because Stuart Rosenberg-ooh! What has Stuart Rosenberg got on Paul Newman? I mean, after WUSA, how could anyone . . .? This man has got to be the Otto Preminger of grade-B movies. He just hasn't made a commercial movie in years, and people still give him big properties."[14]

Hill later estimated that only two minor scenes in the film were true to his adaptation.[15] He said he "wasn't too crazy about the movie."[6]

Reception

The movie was nominated as best picture of the year by the Edgar Allan Poe Awards.

A.H. Weiler of The New York Times said in the review: "Under Stuart Rosenberg's muscular but pedestrian direction, the script, adapted from (Ross Macdonald's) 1950 novel, transports our hero from his native California to present-day New Orleans and its bayou environs. ... Of course, Mr. Newman's Harper survives beatings, traps and a variety of enticing offers with quips, charm and inherent decency projected in underplayed, workmanlike style. If his performance is not outstanding, it is a shade more convincing than the characterizations of the other principals, who emerge as odd types and not as fully fleshed, persuasive individuals. ... Unfortunately, the performances and such authentic facets as Cajun talk, bayous, New Orleans and an imposing, white-pillared, antebellum mansion set amid wide lawns and ancient live oaks, serve only to make The Drowning Pool a mildly interesting diversion." [16]

Roger Ebert gave the film a mixed 2-stars out of a possible 4 rating. He wrote that the basic premise of The Drowning Pool was "straightforward thriller material, and could have made a decent B movie. But since "The Drowning Pool" is a Paul Newman vehicle, it goes first class, and that turns out to be fatal. So much attention is given to making the movie look good visually that the story gets mislaid..."[17]

The film was a disappointment at the boxoffice in the United States and Canada, earning rentals of $2.6 million[2], however it performed better elsewhere, especially in Italy, France, Spain and South Africa, and was expected to earn worldwide rentals of $8 million.[1]

Home media

The Drowning Pool was released on November 14, 2006, as part of the Paul Newman Collection DVD box set.

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Foreign Fans Fancy 'Drowning Pool,' So $8,000,000 Foreseen". Variety. January 14, 1976. p. 38.
  2. ^ a b FIRST ANNUAL 'GROSSES GLOSS' Byron, Stuart. Film Comment; New York Vol. 12, Iss. 2, (Mar/Apr 1976): 30-31.
  3. ^ Silver, Alain; Ward, Elizabeth; eds. (1992). Film Noir: An Encyclopedic Reference to the American Style (3rd ed.). Woodstock, New York: The Overlook Press. ISBN 0-87951-479-5
  4. ^ Best Mysteries of 1950 New York Times 3 Dec 1950: BR30.
  5. ^ Barbra Nightingale: SELECTED SHORTS DETECTIVE WHO? TOUCHDOWN! Nurse Barbra By A. H. WEILER. New York Times 29 Apr 1973: 135.
  6. ^ a b c d e McGilligan, Patrick. "Last Man Standing: An Interview with Walter Hill" (PDF). Film International. p. 15.
  7. ^ Paul, Joanne to Costar in 'Pool' Los Angeles Times 4 July 1974: f12.
  8. ^ a b title=One good film deserves another|last=Druxman|first= Michael B.|year=1977 |Publisher=A. S. Barnes|page=15}}
  9. ^ Wynn Signs Pact With Columbia Los Angeles Times 18 Sep 1974: f25.
  10. ^ Morella, Joe; Epstein, Edward Z (1988). Paul and Joanne : a biography of Paul Newman and Joanne Woodward. Delacorte Press. p. 189-190.
  11. ^ The Newmans: 2 Lives in the Movies By MEL GUSSOW. New York Times 28 Apr 1975: 33.
  12. ^ Display of hands for Barbra, Jon Chicago Tribune (5 Dec 1974: b16.
  13. ^ Brian Keith's playing Lew Archer--but with Hawaii on his mind Smith, Cecil. Los Angeles Times 26 Jan 1975: q2.
  14. ^ SPLITTING JAWS WITH THE HAPPY BOOKER: A TALK WITH A CIRCUIT BUYER Maslin, Janet. Film Comment; New York Vol. 11, Iss. 4, (Jul/Aug 1975): 57-62,64.
  15. ^ "Hard Riding", Greco, Mike, Film Comment 16.3 (May/Jun 1980): 13-19,80.
  16. ^ A.H. Weiler, "Newman as Harper: Detective Resurfaces in 'Drowning Pool'" N.Y. Times Review, June 26, 1975
  17. ^ Ebert, Roger. "The Drowning Pool Movie Review (1975) - Roger Ebert". www.rogerebert.com.

External links

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