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Bedil is a term from Nusantara area of Maritime Southeast Asia which refers to to various type of firearms and gunpowder weapon, from small matchlock pistol to large siege guns. The term bedil comes from wedil or wediyal in Tamil language.^[1] In its original form, these words refer to gunpowder or gunpowder explosion. But after being absorbed into bedil by Javanese, and in a number of other cultures in the archipelago, that Tamil vocabulary is used to refer to all types of firearms that use gunpowder. In Javanese and Balinese the term bedil and bedhil is known, in Sundanese the term is bedil, in Batak it is known as bodil, in Makasarese, badili, in Buginese, balili, in Dayak language, badil, in Tagalog, baril, and Malay people call it badel or bedil.^[1]^[2]^[3]

List of weapon classified as bedil

Below are weapons historically may be referred to as bedil. Full description should be found in their respective pages. It is sorted alphabetically.

Meriam

Formerly used for a kind of cannon, now it is de facto Malaysian and Indonesian term for cannon.^[6]^[7]

Miniature meriam kecil

Also known as currency cannon, this firearm is produced mainly for trading and novelty item.

Pemuras

Native name for blunderbuss.

Rentaka

Native swivel gun, very popular among the Malays.

Terakul

A type of dragoon pistol, used mainly by sailor and pirates.

References

^ ^a ^b Kern, H. (January 1902). "Oorsprong van het Maleisch Woord Bedil". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde. 54: 311–312. doi:10.1163/22134379-90002058.
^ Syahri, Aswandi (6 August 2018). "Kitab Ilmu Bedil Melayu". Jantung Melayu. Retrieved 10 February 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
^ Rahmawati, Siska (2016). "Peristilahan Persenjataan Tradisional Masyarakat Melayu di Kabupaten Sambas". Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Khatulistiwa. 5.
^ Teoh, Alex Eng Kean (2005). The Might of the Miniature Cannon A treasure of Borneo and the Malay Archipelago. Asean Heritage.
^ Andaya, L. Y. 1999. Interaction with the outside world and adaptation in Southeast Asian society 1500–1800. In The Cambridge history of southeast Asia. ed. Nicholas Tarling. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 345–401.
^ Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (2014). Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.
^ Departemen Pendidikan Nasional (2008). Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Pusat Bahasa Edisi Keempat. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

[:1-1] Kern, H. (January 1902). "Oorsprong van het Maleisch Woord Bedil". Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde. 54: 311–312. doi:10.1163/22134379-90002058.

[2] Syahri, Aswandi (6 August 2018). "Kitab Ilmu Bedil Melayu". Jantung Melayu. Retrieved 10 February 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

[3] Rahmawati, Siska (2016). "Peristilahan Persenjataan Tradisional Masyarakat Melayu di Kabupaten Sambas". Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Khatulistiwa. 5.

[4] Teoh, Alex Eng Kean (2005). The Might of the Miniature Cannon A treasure of Borneo and the Malay Archipelago. Asean Heritage.

[5] Andaya, L. Y. 1999. Interaction with the outside world and adaptation in Southeast Asian society 1500–1800. In The Cambridge history of southeast Asia. ed. Nicholas Tarling. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 345–401.

[:0-6] Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka (2014). Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat. Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka.

[:02-7] Departemen Pendidikan Nasional (2008). Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Pusat Bahasa Edisi Keempat. Jakarta: PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama.

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+'''Bedil''' is a term from [[Nusantara]] area of [[Maritime Southeast Asia]] which refers to to various type of [[Firearm|firearms]] and gunpowder weapon, from small [[matchlock]] pistol to large [[siege guns]]. The term ''bedil'' comes from ''wedil'' or ''wediyal'' in [[Tamil language|Tamil]] language.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Kern|first=H.|date=January 1902|title=Oorsprong van het Maleisch Woord Bedil|url=|journal=Bijdragen tot de Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde|volume=54|pages=311–312|doi=10.1163/22134379-90002058}}</ref> In its original form, these words refer to gunpowder or gunpowder explosion. But after being absorbed into ''bedil'' by [[Javanese people|Javanese]], and in a number of other cultures in the archipelago, that Tamil vocabulary is used to refer to all types of firearms that use gunpowder. In [[Javanese language|Javanese]] and [[Balinese language|Balinese]] the term ''bedil'' and ''bedhil'' is known, in [[Sundanese language|Sundanese]] the term is ''bedil'', in [[Batak languages|Batak]] it is known as ''bodil'', in [[Makassarese language|Makasarese]], ''badili'', in [[Buginese language|Buginese]], ''balili'', in [[Dayak language]], ''badil'', in [[Tagalog language|Tagalog]], ''baril'', and Malay people call it ''badel'' or ''bedil''.<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jantungmelayu.com/2018/08/kitab-ilmu-bedil-melayu/|title=Kitab Ilmu Bedil Melayu|last=Syahri|first=Aswandi|date=6 August 2018|website=Jantung Melayu|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=10 February 2020}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Rahmawati|first=Siska|date=2016|title=Peristilahan Persenjataan Tradisional Masyarakat Melayu di Kabupaten Sambas|url=http://jurnal.untan.ac.id/index.php/jpdpb/article/view/15615|journal=Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran Khatulistiwa|volume=5|pages=|via=}}</ref>
-#REDIRECT [[Qadir Bux Bedil]]
+== List of weapon classified as bedil ==
+Below are weapons historically may be referred to as bedil. Full description should be found in their respective pages. It is sorted alphabetically.
+=== [[Cetbang]] ===
+Early [[breech-loading swivel gun]] built by [[Javanese people]].
+=== [[Ekor lotong]] ===
+Swivel gun with tiller resembling [[lutung]] monkey's tail.<ref>Teoh, Alex Eng Kean (2005). ''The Might of the Miniature Cannon A treasure of Borneo and the Malay Archipelago''. Asean Heritage.</ref>
+=== [[Istinggar]] ===
+A type of matchlock firearm, result of Portuguese influence to local weaponry, particularly after the [[capture of Malacca (1511)]].<ref>Andaya, L. Y. 1999. Interaction with the outside world and adaptation in Southeast Asian society 1500–1800. In ''The Cambridge history of southeast Asia''. ed. Nicholas Tarling. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 345–401.</ref>
+=== [[Java arquebus]] ===
+Java arquebus is a primitive long matchlock firearm from Java, used before the arrival of Iberian explorers.
+=== [[Lela (cannon)|Lela]] ===
+Lela is a type of cannon, similar but larger in dimension to rentaka.
+=== Meriam ===
+Formerly used for a kind of cannon, now it is ''de facto'' [[Malaysian language|Malaysian]] and [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] term for cannon.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Kamus Dewan Edisi Keempat|last=Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka|first=|publisher=Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka|year=2014|isbn=|location=|pages=}}</ref><ref name=":02">{{Cite book|title=Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Pusat Bahasa Edisi Keempat|last=Departemen Pendidikan Nasional|first=|publisher=PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama|year=2008|isbn=|location=Jakarta|pages=}}</ref>
+=== [[Miniature meriam kecil]] ===
+Also known as currency cannon, this firearm is produced mainly for trading and novelty item.
+=== Pemuras ===
+Native name for [[blunderbuss]].
+=== [[Rentaka]] ===
+Native swivel gun, very popular among the Malays.
+=== [[Dragon (firearm)|Terakul]] ===
+A type of [[dragoon]] [[pistol]], used mainly by [[sailor]] and [[Piracy|pirates]].
+== See also ==
+* [[Firearm]]
+* [[Cannon]]
+* [[Artillery]]
+== References ==
+{{Reflist}}{{Early firearms}}{{Indonesian Weapons}}
+[[Category:Cannon]]
+[[Category:Indonesian inventions]]
+[[Category:Artillery]]
+[[Category:Firearms]]
+[[Category:Projectile weapons]]
+[[Category:Gunpowder]]
+[[Category:Weapons of Indonesia]]
+[[Category:Early firearms]]
+[[Category:15th-century military history]]

v t e Early firearms and thermal weapons
Timeline History of gunpowder Historiography History of the firearm
Firearms	Arquebus Bajozutsu pistol Bedil tumbak hand cannon Blunderbuss Combination gun Dragon English horse pistol Fire lance Hand cannon Hand mortar Heilongjiang hand cannon Howdah pistol Huo Chong hand cannon Huo Qiang lance hand cannon Istinggar arquebus Java arquebus Jiaozhi arquebus Meriam kecil hand cannon Muff pistol Nock M1779 seven barrel gun Petronel Pepperbox Pistol Puckle Μ1717 revolver gun San Yan Chong three barrel hand cannon Shou Chong hand cannon Tanegashima arquebus Toradar arquebus Tu Huo Qiang hand cannon
Rifles and muskets	Belton M1777 repeating musket Brown Bess musket Charleville musket Che Dian Chong musket Cookson M1750 repeating rifle M1696 French common musket Girardoni M1780 repeating air rifle Hartingk M1670 repeating rifle Jäger rifle Jazayer musket Jezail musket Jingal Kabyle musket Kalthoff M1630 repeating rifle Meylin M1719 Pennsylvania-Kentucky rifled musket Musket Musketoon Potzdam musket Spanish M1752 musket Springfield musket Wall gun Xun Lei Chong spear five barrel revolver musket
Early artillery	Abus Artillery of France in the Middle Ages Basilisk Baton a feu Breech-loading swivel gun Byzantine fire tube (cannon) Cannon Carronade Cetbang Chongtong Culverin Ekor lotong Falconet Fauconneau Gunpowder artillery in the Middle Ages Gunpowder weapons in the Song dynasty Hongyipao Hu Dun Pao cannon Korean cannon Lantaka Lela Mortar Obusier de vaisseau Organ gun Pierrier a boite Pot de fer Prangi Swivel gun Tarasnice Veuglaire Xanadu Gun Wankou Chong Wuwei Bronze Cannon
Medieval large calibre guns	Bombard Basilic Byzantine bombard Dardanelles bombard Dulle Griet Faule Grete Faule Mette Grose Bochse Mons Meg Orban bombard Pumhart von Steyr
Early rockets and incendiaries	Bo-hiya rocket arrow Byzantine rocket launcher Congreve rocket Fierce-fire Oil Cabinet (flamethrower) Fire arrow (rocket arrow) Fire crow rocket bomb Greek fire Hale rocket launcher Huo Che rocket arrow launcher Hwacha rocket arrow launcher Meng Huo You (Chinese petroleum) Mysorean rocket Naphtha Pen Huo Qi Petroleum naphtha Singijeon rocket arrow Thunder crash bomb
Firing mechanisms	Breechloader Doglock Flintlock Matchlock Miquelet lock Muzzleloader Snaphance Snaplock Snap matchlock Wheellock
Literatures	Huolongjing Jixiao Xinshu Wubei Zhi Wujing Zongyao
Category:Early modern firearms Category:Early firearms