Al-Ma'idah: Difference between revisions
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'''Al Māʼidah''' ({{lang-ar| المائدة}}, "The Table" or "The Table Spread with Food",<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.quran4u.com/Tafsir%20Ibn%20Kathir/005%20Ma%27idah.htm |title= Surah Al Ma'ida|work=Quran 4 U|accessdate=29 November 2019}}</ref> likely a word of [[Ge'ez|Ethiopic]] origin) is the fifth chapter ([[sūrah]]) of the [[Quran]], with 120 verses ([[āyāt]]). Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (''[[Asbāb al-nuzūl]]''), it is a "[[Medinan surah]]", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Medina, instead of Mecca. |
'''Al Māʼidah''' ({{lang-ar| المائدة}}, "The Table" or "The Table Spread with Food",<ref name = "quran">{{cite web|url=http://www.quran4u.com/Tafsir%20Ibn%20Kathir/005%20Ma%27idah.htm |title= Surah Al Ma'ida|work=Quran 4 U|accessdate=29 November 2019}}</ref> likely a word of [[Ge'ez|Ethiopic]] origin) is the fifth chapter ([[sūrah]]) of the [[Quran]], with 120 verses ([[āyāt]]). Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (''[[Asbāb al-nuzūl]]''), it is a "[[Medinan surah]]", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Medina, instead of Mecca. |
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The chapter's topics include animals which are [[Haram|forbidden]], [[Jesus in Islam|Jesus]]' and [[Moses in Islam|Moses]]' missions. Verse ([[āyah]]) 90 prohibits "The intoxicant" (alcohol), whereas [[Al-Baqara|Q2:219]] and [[An-Nisa|Q4:43]] tolerate it.<ref>[[Gerhard Böwering]], ''Chronology and the Quran'', [[Encyclopaedia of the Qur’an]] Brill, 2001</ref> |
The chapter's topics include animals which are [[Haram|forbidden]], [[Jesus in Islam|Jesus]]' and [[Moses in Islam|Moses]]' missions. Verse ([[āyah]]) 90 prohibits "The intoxicant" (alcohol), whereas [[Al-Baqara|Q2:219]] and [[An-Nisa|Q4:43]] tolerate it.<ref>[[Gerhard Böwering]], ''Chronology and the Quran'', [[Encyclopaedia of the Qur’an]] Brill, 2001</ref> |
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[[Tahir ul Qadri]] writes regarding this verse:<ref>The Ghadir Declaration, By Dr. Tahir al-Qadiri, Page 48 & 49 [http://www.answering-ansar.org/fiqh/kalima_adhan/the_ghadir_p48-49.jpg] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061020080905/http://www.answering-ansar.org/fiqh/kalima_adhan/the_ghadir_p48-49.jpg |date=2006-10-20 }} [http://www.azadarnews.com/Islamic-Articles/81.html]</ref> |
[[Tahir ul Qadri]] writes regarding this verse:<ref>The Ghadir Declaration, By Dr. Tahir al-Qadiri, Page 48 & 49 [http://www.answering-ansar.org/fiqh/kalima_adhan/the_ghadir_p48-49.jpg] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061020080905/http://www.answering-ansar.org/fiqh/kalima_adhan/the_ghadir_p48-49.jpg |date=2006-10-20 }} [http://www.azadarnews.com/Islamic-Articles/81.html]</ref> |
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{{quoteHadith|Ammar bin Yasir|matn=A beggar came up to 'Ali and stood beside him. He was kneeling in prayer. He ('Ali) pulled out his ring and he gave the ring to the beggar. Then 'Ali called on the Prophet and told him the news. At this occasion, this verse was revealed to him: (Surely your (helping) friend is Allah and His Messenger and (along with them) are the believers who establish prayers, pay zakah and bow down (in humility before Allah). Allah's Messenger read out the verse and said: One who has me as his master has 'Ali as his master. O Allah! Be his friend who befriends him ('Ali) and be his enemy who is his enemy.|Shia=as [[Sahih]] (authentic)}} |
{{quoteHadith|Ammar bin Yasir|matn=A beggar came up to 'Ali and stood beside him. He was kneeling in prayer. He ('Ali) pulled out his ring and he gave the ring to the beggar. Then 'Ali called on the Prophet and told him the news. At this occasion, this verse was revealed to him: (Surely your (helping) friend is Allah and His Messenger and (along with them) are the believers who establish prayers, pay zakah and bow down (in humility before Allah). Allah's Messenger read out the verse and said: One who has me as his master has 'Ali as his master. O Allah! Be his friend who befriends him ('Ali) and be his enemy who is his enemy.|Shia=as [[Sahih]] (authentic)}} |
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===Verses 59 - 60 === |
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These verses conclude "whom Allah has cursed and with whom He became angry and made of them apes and pigs."<ref name = "quran"/> This 'apes and pigs' expression has been used, to denigrate [[Antisemitism in Islam|Jews]] and [[Christianity and Islam|Christians]], by Islamic leaders,<ref>{{cite web|url= http://jcpa.org/article/why-do-canadian-imams-call-jews-the-sons-of-the-pigs-and-apes/ |title=Why do Canadian Imams call Jews “the sons of the pigs and apes”? |author=Halevi, Jonathan D|date=3 March 2019|work=JCPA|accessdate=30 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.memri.org/tv/palestinian-clerics-jews-pigs-apes-and-liberation-al-aqsa-mosque |title=Palestinian cleric on Jews pigs apes and liberation al-aqsa mosque |date=12 September 2004|accessdate=29 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/danish-imam-calls-jews-offspring-of-apes-and-pigs/ |title=Danish imam calls Jews ‘offspring of apes and pigs’ |accessdate=30 November 2019}}</ref> an Islamic ruler,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2013/01/egyptian-president-calls-jews-sons-of-apes-and-pigs-world-yawns/267131/ |title=Egyptian President Calls Jews 'Sons of Apes and Pigs'; World Yawns |author=Goldberg, Jeffrey|date=14 January 2019|work=[[The Atlantic]]|accessdate=30 November 2019}}</ref> Islamic terrorist<ref>{{cite web|url=https://palwatch.org/page/12681 |title=Terrorists’ final words echo libel that Israel plans to destroy Al-Aqsa Mosque, calls Jews “sons of apes and pigs” |date=21 July 2017|work=Palestine Today, independent Palestinian news agency (Gaza) |accessdate=30 November 2019}}</ref> and many Muslims.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=rWAiRrm3LkcC&pg=PA43&lpg=PA43&dq=jews+%22pigs+apes%22&source=bl&ots=HCp-VwRNpp&sig=ACfU3U3p-IiFnXl5M1LHTwEgkUPZsYQ3Sg&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwicv4Wsoo7mAhVMOisKHSbwCDo4ChDoATAIegQIChAB#v=onepage&q=jews%20%22pigs%20apes%22&f=false |title=Less Than Human: Why We Demean, Enslave, and Exterminate Others |author=Livingston Smith, David|date=|work=St. Martin's Publishing|p=43|accessdate=29 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/Sons-Pigs-Apes-Antisemitism-Conspiracy/dp/1597977020 |title="The Sons of Pigs and Apes": Muslim Antisemitism and the Conspiracy of Silence |author=Kressel, Neil|date=1 November 2012|work=University of Nebraska Press|accessdate=29 November 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/middleeast/saudiarabia/1522286/Christians-still-swine-and-Jews-apes-in-Saudi-schools.html |title=Christians still 'swine' and Jews 'apes' in Saudi schools |author=de Quetteville, Harry|date=25 June 2006|work=[[The Telegraph]]|accessdate=30 November 2019}}</ref> |
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===Verse 67 === |
===Verse 67 === |
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Revision as of 01:13, 30 November 2019
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| المائدة Al-Māʼidah The Table Spread with Food | |
|---|---|
| Classification | Medinan |
| Other names | The Feast |
| Position | Juzʼ 6 to 7 |
| Hizb no. | 11 to 13 |
| No. of Rukus | 16 |
| No. of verses | 120 |
| No. of Sajdahs | none |
| Quran |
|---|
Al Māʼidah (Arabic: المائدة, "The Table" or "The Table Spread with Food",[1] likely a word of Ethiopic origin) is the fifth chapter (sūrah) of the Quran, with 120 verses (āyāt). Regarding the timing and contextual background of the revelation (Asbāb al-nuzūl), it is a "Medinan surah", which means it is believed to have been revealed in Medina, instead of Mecca.
The chapter's topics include animals which are forbidden, Jesus' and Moses' missions. Verse (āyah) 90 prohibits "The intoxicant" (alcohol), whereas Q2:219 and Q4:43 tolerate it.[2]
Notable verses
Verse 3
This verse has a Parenthetical Sentence: "This day have those who disbelieve despaired of your religion, so fear them not, and fear Me. This day have I perfected for you your religion and completed My favor on you and chosen for you Islam as a religion.."[Quran 5:3] This verse was revealed at Arafat as reported in an authentic hadith.[3]
Verse 8
Verse 8 Contains the passage: "Do not let the injustice of others lead you into injustice".[Quran 5:8]
Verses 32 - 33
Verses (Q5:32-33) have been quoted to denounce killing, by using an abbreviated form such as, "If anyone slays a person, it would be as if he slew the whole people: and if anyone saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole people". This verse is similar to that of one from the Talmud.[Quran 5:32][Quran 5:33] The use of this abbreviated rephrasing has been criticised as misleading by Andrew Bostom inter alia.[4][5][6]
Verse 51
Verse 51 (Q5:51) has been said to underlie forbidding non-Muslims as becoming leaders in Islamic countries.
The verse Sahih International reads: "O you who have believed, do not take the Jews and the Christians (naṣārā) as allies. Whereas Gerrans translates "O you who heed warning: take not the Rabbinic Jews and the Nazarenes as allies."
The verse continues "They are [in fact] allies of one another. And whoever is an ally to them among you - then indeed, he is [one] of them. Indeed, Allah guides not the wrongdoing people."[7][Quran 5:51]
Al-Ma'ida Verse 51 has resulted in repercussions in modern politics. For example, criticism and violent protests ensued against Basuki Tjahaja Purnama, the Chinese-Christian governor of Jakarta, Indonesia, after his declaration that Indonesians should not be deceived by those people who are using Surat Al-Ma'ida verse 51 to not elect non-Muslims as their leaders. This resulted in large protests against him demanding his arrest on charges of blaspheming the Quran.[8][9]
Verse 54
In Sahih International: O you who have believed, whoever of you should revert from his religion Gerrans translates O you who heed warning: whoso among you renounces his doctrine
- Allah will bring forth [in place of them] a people He will love and who will love Him [who are] humble toward the believers, powerful against the disbelievers; they strive in the cause of Allah and do not fear the blame of a critic. That is the favor of Allah ; He bestows it upon whom He wills. And Allah is all-Encompassing and Knowing.[7]
Verse 54 is also interesting in relation to who the "beloved" are; some hadith view it as being Abu Musa al-Ashari.[10][Quran 5:54]
The Shia view
On the Shia interpretation of this verse, God used the singular form "waliyyukum" implying the "wilayah" (Guardianship of the believers) is a single project. In other words, the "wilayah" of the messenger and that of the Ali springs from the root of God's wilayah. The word "wali" in the context of this verse cannot mean "friend" because there is not a single verse in the Quran where God says that any one of his messengers is a friend or helper of their followers. Further if the verse implied "wilayah" in the sense of friend or helper, then the singular form "waliyyukum" would not have been used but the plural form "awliya'ukum" would be appropriate because the "friendship" of God is unique.[citation needed]
Tahir ul Qadri writes regarding this verse:[11] A hadith attributed to Ammar bin Yasir reports:[citation needed]
Shi'as tend to view this as Sahih (authentic).
Verses 59 - 60
These verses conclude "whom Allah has cursed and with whom He became angry and made of them apes and pigs."[1] This 'apes and pigs' expression has been used, to denigrate Jews and Christians, by Islamic leaders,[12][13][14] an Islamic ruler,[15] Islamic terrorist[16] and many Muslims.[17][18][19]
Verse 67
Verse 67 is relevant to the Farewell Pilgrimage and Ghadir Khumm.[Quran 5:67]
Verses 72 - 73
The Quran: An Encyclopedia says, "The Quran’s objection to Christian practice is Christianity’s shirk, its worship of Jesus, Mary and the saints ‘in derogation of Allah’. There is no justification in believing in the Trinity, for Jesus never would have condoned such a concept".[20] In Sahih International: "(72) They have certainly disbelieved who say, " Allah is the Messiah, the son of Mary" while the Messiah has said, "O Children of Israel, worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord." Indeed, he who associates others with Allah - Allah has forbidden him Paradise, and his refuge is the Fire And there are not for the wrongdoers any helpers. (73) They have certainly disbelieved who say, Allah is the third of three. And there is no god except one God. And if they do not desist from what they are saying, there will surely afflict the disbelievers among them a painful punishment."[7][Quran 5:72–73]
Verse 90
In Verse 90 it says, "O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone alters [to other than Allah], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it that you may be successful." This is a clear ruling in The Quran for Muslims to avoid alcohol and gambling. [21]
See also
References
- ^ a b "Surah Al Ma'ida". Quran 4 U. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
- ^ Gerhard Böwering, Chronology and the Quran, Encyclopaedia of the Qur’an Brill, 2001
- ^ "Sunnah Bakhari".
- ^ Andrijasevic, Mladen (4 July 2009). "Obama quotes verse 5:32, omits 5:33". American Thinker. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
- ^ Amuhd (7 July 2015). "Whoever kills a person (unjustly) …it is as though he has killed all mankind.….Quran 5:32". Telegraph. Archived from the original on 8 March 2016. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
- ^ Zaimov, Stoyan (24 August 2016). "Muslim-Americans Condemn ISIS in Phoenix Billboard, Say Islam Is Religion of Peace, Not Terror". Christian Post. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
- ^ a b c Sahih International
- ^ Durie, Mark (November 2016). "Violent Protests in Indonesia Blow an Ill Will for Religious Tolerance". New English Review. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
- ^ McBeth, John (8 November 2016). "Blasphemy probe rocks Indonesia's secular foundations". The National. Retrieved 18 November 2016.
- ^ Ahadith In Praise Of The Ash`Aris
- ^ The Ghadir Declaration, By Dr. Tahir al-Qadiri, Page 48 & 49 [1] Archived 2006-10-20 at the Wayback Machine [2]
- ^ Halevi, Jonathan D (3 March 2019). "Why do Canadian Imams call Jews "the sons of the pigs and apes"?". JCPA. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
- ^ "Palestinian cleric on Jews pigs apes and liberation al-aqsa mosque". 12 September 2004. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
- ^ "Danish imam calls Jews 'offspring of apes and pigs'". Retrieved 30 November 2019.
- ^ Goldberg, Jeffrey (14 January 2019). "Egyptian President Calls Jews 'Sons of Apes and Pigs'; World Yawns". The Atlantic. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
- ^ "Terrorists' final words echo libel that Israel plans to destroy Al-Aqsa Mosque, calls Jews "sons of apes and pigs"". Palestine Today, independent Palestinian news agency (Gaza). 21 July 2017. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
- ^ Livingston Smith, David. "Less Than Human: Why We Demean, Enslave, and Exterminate Others". St. Martin's Publishing. p. 43. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
- ^ Kressel, Neil (1 November 2012). ""The Sons of Pigs and Apes": Muslim Antisemitism and the Conspiracy of Silence". University of Nebraska Press. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
- ^ de Quetteville, Harry (25 June 2006). "Christians still 'swine' and Jews 'apes' in Saudi schools". The Telegraph. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
- ^ Leaman, Oliver, ed. (2006). "The Qur'an: an Encyclopedia" (PDF). Routledge. pp. 144–145. ISBN 0-415-32639-7. Retrieved 22 November 2014.
- ^ "Surah Maidah Transliteration". My Islam. April 19, 2019. Retrieved April 19, 2019.
External links
