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===Verse 17===
===Verse 17===
:''so that the servant of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.''<ref>{{bibleref2|2 Timothy|3:17|NKJV}} NKJV</ref>
:''so that the servant of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.''<ref>{{bibleref2|2 Timothy|3:17|NKJV}} NKJV</ref>
The thoroughness in preparation for the work of God is significantly stressed and applicable for every Christian workers although the term
''the man of God'' narrowly can be interpreted for Christian teachers.{{sfn|Carson|1994|p=1309}}


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 06:32, 17 June 2019

2 Timothy 3
Fragments showing 1 Timothy 2:2–6 on Codex Coislinianus, from ca. AD 550.
BookSecond Epistle to Timothy
CategoryPauline epistles
Christian Bible partNew Testament
Order in the Christian part16

2 Timothy 3 is the third chapter of the Second Epistle to Timothy in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The letter is traditionally attributed to Paul the Apostle, the last one written in Rome before his death (c. 64 or 67), addressed to Timothy.[1][2] There are charges that it is the work of an anonymous follower, after Paul's death in the first century AD.[3][4] This chapter contains the charge to Timothy to keep out of heterodoxy, and use Paul's steadfast faith under persecution as an example to contrast the opponents' characters, while continue to follow the teachings of the Scriptures.[5]

Text

The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 17 verses.

Some early manuscripts containing this chapter are:

The Heresy in Ephesus in Prophetic Perspective (3:1–9)

Paul paints a picture of the false teachers as 'actual deviants from the norm established by his gospel' and, as a result, endanger the faith of themselves and their followers.[6]

The Way of Following Paul (3:10–17)

In this section Paul instructs Timothy to commit to Paul's teaching, as Timothy already shared many experiences with Paul, and urge him to 'accept the mantle of the Pauline mission'.[7]

Verse 16

All Scripture is God-breathed and is useful for teaching, rebuking, correcting and training in righteousness,[8]
  • "God-breathed" (Greek: θεόπνευστος, theopneustos): can be rendered as "given by inspiration of God".[9] The Syriac version renders it "written by the Spirit", the Ethiopian version: "by the Spirit of God".[10] All Scripture (πᾶσα γραφὴ, pasa graphē; Towner renders it: "every [text of] Scripture"[11]) is commended based on the divine authority of them, transcending all human understanding, although written by various persons, in different times and places, but wonderfully preserved through all the changes of the Jewish state (those of the Old Testament), under the malice and violence of persecutors, particularly Diocletian, who published an edict to destroy every copy of the Scriptures (both the Old and New Testaments), or from a great number of heretics, as well as the apostasy of the churches, which is not seen in any other writings.[10] The predictions of future events in them, such as stating Josiah and Cyrus by name, or especially concerning Jesus Christ, foretelling their accomplishment long before they were born, and many other prophecies in the New Testament fulfilled both by Christ and his followers, are the evidence that those could not be the writings of men, but must come from the omniscient God.[10] The impartiality of the writers, in not concealing the bad accounts or the sins of people strengthens the proof of their divine authority.[10] They may be supported by the testimony of God himself, outwardly by miracles, and internally by the effects of the Scripture on human hearts, who through the reading and hearing of it, are led to conversion, comfort and enlightenment.[10] This is also expounded by Peter in 2 Peter 1:21:
For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man; but holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost."[12]
  • "Useful for teaching" (ὠφέλιμος πρὸς διδασκαλίαν, ōphelimos pros didaskalian; KJV: "profitable for doctrine"): or "for instruction";[13] for the discovering and confirming any teaching concerning God, about the creation and fall of human, about the person and work of Christ ("redemption, justification and pardon by Christ's blood, reconciliation and atonement by his sacrifice, and eternal life through him") and many others. The Scripture is useful for ministers to establish the teaching, and for hearers to confirm it.[10]
  • "[For] rebuking" (πρὸς ἔλεγχον, pros elegchon)[a]: or "for conviction";[13] to wake awareness of errors and heresies,[10] starting with an educative act to cause self-awareness of sin ('conviction of sin'; cf. 2 Timothy 4:2), proceeding to a disciplinary stage for some specific misbehavior, before reaching the final point of reproof or rebuke (1 Timothy 5:20, Matthew 18:15, LXX Leviticus 19:17), which could be punitive.[14]
  • "[For] correcting" (πρὸς ἐπανόρθωσιν, pros epanorthōsin): that is, the correction of vice, the evil nature and the wicked tendency of sin, along with its sad consequences, as exposed in these writings, the Scripture, being a perfect rule of faith and practice.[10]
  • "[For] training in righteousness" (πρὸς παιδείαν τὴν ἐν δικαιοσύνῃ, pros paideian tēn en dikaiosynē): the broad term "training" is translated from Greek: paideia ("education"), which was a dominant concept in the culture of Greco-Roman to result in 'the attainment of the virtues (self-control, piety, uprightness, seriousness, etc.), amounting to 'civilization'.[14] "In righteousness" is the qualifying phrase for the training based on the usefulness of Scripture.[14]

Verse 17

so that the servant of God may be thoroughly equipped for every good work.[15]

The thoroughness in preparation for the work of God is significantly stressed and applicable for every Christian workers although the term the man of God narrowly can be interpreted for Christian teachers.[16]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ In Byzantine Majority Text and Textus Receptus. NA27 and UBS4 textual variant: πρὸς ἐλεγμόν, pros elegmon[13]

References

  1. ^ May, Herbert G.; Metzger, Bruce M. (1977), The New Oxford Annotated Bible with the Apocrypha, pp. 1440, 1446–49.
  2. ^ Jerome Murphy-O'Connor, Paul: A Critical Life, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1996, pp. 356–59.
  3. ^ Just, Felix, "New Testament Letter Structure", Catholic Resources.
  4. ^ Drury 2007, p. 1220.
  5. ^ Drury 2007, pp. 1229–1230.
  6. ^ Towner 2006, p. 553.
  7. ^ Towner 2006, p. 570.
  8. ^ 2 Timothy 3:16 NKJV
  9. ^ Ellicott, C. J. (Ed.) Ellicott's Bible Commentary for English Readers. 2 Timothy 3. London : Cassell and Company, Limited, [1905-1906] Online version: (OCoLC) 929526708. Accessed on 28 April 2019.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h John Gill's Exposition of the Entire Bible – 2 Timothy 3:16
  11. ^ Towner 2006, p. 587.
  12. ^ Poole, Matthew, A Commentary on the Holy Bible. "2 Timothy 3". Accessed 25 April 2019.
  13. ^ a b c Greek text analysis of 2 Timothy 3:16 at Biblehub.com
  14. ^ a b c Towner 2006, p. 591.
  15. ^ 2 Timothy 3:17 NKJV
  16. ^ Carson 1994, p. 1309.

Bibliography

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