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{{Infobox terrorist attack
{{Infobox terrorist attack
|title = 2004 Dhaka Grenade Attacks
|title = 2004 Dhaka Grenade Attacks
|location = [[Bangabandhu Avenue]], [[Dhaka]], [[Bangladesh]]
|location = Bangabandhu Avenue, [[Dhaka]], Bangladesh
|target = Awami League rally in response to [[2004 Shah Jalal bombing]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Blasts hit Bangladesh party rally|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3586384.stm|website=BBC}}</ref>
|target = Awami League rally in response to [[2004 Shah Jalal bombing]]<ref>{{cite web|title=Blasts hit Bangladesh party rally|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/3586384.stm|website=BBC}}</ref>
|date = 21 August 2004
|date = 21 August 2004
Line 46: Line 46:


In the statement, Mufti Hannan claimed that the attack was aimed at destroying the top leadership of Awami League including Sheikh Hasina, and BNP leader Tarique Rahman along with Jamaat leader Ali Ahsan Mohammad Mujahid and the then Home Minister Lutfuzzaman Babor assured them with government support.
In the statement, Mufti Hannan claimed that the attack was aimed at destroying the top leadership of Awami League including Sheikh Hasina, and BNP leader Tarique Rahman along with Jamaat leader Ali Ahsan Mohammad Mujahid and the then Home Minister Lutfuzzaman Babor assured them with government support.

On 10 October 2018, a special court delivered verdicts in two cases. Top BNP leaders, [[Lutfozzaman Babar]] was given death penalty and Tarique Rahman was sentenced to life in prison on charges of killing through criminal conspiracy. Other 36 BNP leaders were also given various degrees of prison sentences. BNP rejected the verdict and carried out protests against it.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2018/10/10/grenade-attack-in-2004-was-designed-to-obliterate-awami-league-says-judge|title=Grenade attack in 2004 was designed to ‘obliterate’ Awami League, says judge|access-date=2018-10-14|date=2018-10-10|work=bdnews24.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/august-21-carnage/21-august-grenade-attack-verdict-tarique-rahman-awarded-life-1645090|title=August 21 attack: 'State-backed crime' punished|date=2018-10-11|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-10-14|language=en|author=Shakhawat Liton, Chaitanya Chandra Halder, Wasim Bin Habib and Tuhin Shubhra Adhikary}}</ref>


==Perpetrators==
==Perpetrators==
[[Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami]] (HUJI) leader [[Mufti Abdul Hannan]] was arrested for the grenade attacks in 2005, September 30,<ref>{{cite news |title=Mufti Hannan arrested |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2005/09/30/mufti-hannan-arrested-1st-ld |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=2016-06-21}}</ref> and was later charged in connection with it. He reportedly confessed to the attacks in November 2007.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bangladeshnews.com.bd/2007/11/02/huji-boss-hannan-admits-to-aug-21-grenade-attack/|title=Huji boss Hannan admits to Aug 21 grenade attack|newspaper=Bangladesh News|date=2 November 2007|accessdate=20 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130316064037/http://www.bangladeshnews.com.bd/2007/11/02/huji-boss-hannan-admits-to-aug-21-grenade-attack/|archive-date=16 March 2013|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref> He was sentenced to death in December 2008 for attempting to kill [[Anwar Choudhury]] in 2004.<ref>{{cite news|author=Uttam Khan|url=http://news.theage.com.au/world/three-bangladeshis-to-hang-for-attack-on-british-envoy-20081223-74dm.html|title=Three Bangladeshis to hang for attack on British envoy|newspaper=The Age|date=23 December 2008|accessdate=20 March 2013}}</ref> In March 2012, the son of opposition leader and former prime minister [[Khaleda Zia]], [[Tarique Rahman]], and 28 others were tried in absentia for their alleged involvement in the attack.<ref name=deccan>{{cite news |title=Dhaka court indicts ex-premier's son for 2004 grenade attack |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/235430/dhaka-court-indicts-ex-premiers.html |newspaper=Deccan Herald |date=18 March 2012 |accessdate=22 March 2013}}</ref> The supplementary charge sheets charges [[HuJI|Huji]], influential leaders of the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party|BNP]] and the [[Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh|Jamaat]], including former deputy minister [[Abdus Salam Pintu]], former member of parliament [[Kazi Shah Mofazzal Hossain Kaikobad]] and some officials of the Home Ministry, [[Bangladesh Police|police]], [[Directorate General of Forces Intelligence]] (DGFI), [[National Security Intelligence]] (NSI) and Prime Minister's Office (PMO) with involvement in the planning of the bombing.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Tipu|first1=Md Sanaul Islam|title=Prosecutor: AL grenade attack cases may see verdict by December|url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2015/jul/04/prosecutor-al-grenade-attack-cases-may-see-verdict-december|website=dhakatribune.com|publisher=Dhaka Tribune|accessdate=9 July 2015}}</ref>
[[Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami]] (HUJI) leader [[Mufti Abdul Hannan]] was arrested for the grenade attacks in 2005, September 30,<ref>{{cite news |title=Mufti Hannan arrested |url=http://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2005/09/30/mufti-hannan-arrested-1st-ld |newspaper=bdnews24.com |access-date=2016-06-21}}</ref> and was later charged in connection with it. He reportedly confessed to the attacks in November 2007.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bangladeshnews.com.bd/2007/11/02/huji-boss-hannan-admits-to-aug-21-grenade-attack/|title=Huji boss Hannan admits to Aug 21 grenade attack|newspaper=Bangladesh News|date=2 November 2007|accessdate=20 March 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130316064037/http://www.bangladeshnews.com.bd/2007/11/02/huji-boss-hannan-admits-to-aug-21-grenade-attack/|archive-date=16 March 2013|dead-url=yes|df=dmy-all}}</ref> He was sentenced to death in December 2008 for attempting to kill [[Anwar Choudhury]] in 2004.<ref>{{cite news|author=Uttam Khan|url=http://news.theage.com.au/world/three-bangladeshis-to-hang-for-attack-on-british-envoy-20081223-74dm.html|title=Three Bangladeshis to hang for attack on British envoy|newspaper=The Age|date=23 December 2008|accessdate=20 March 2013}}</ref> In March 2012, the son of opposition leader and former prime minister [[Khaleda Zia]], [[Tarique Rahman]], and 28 others were tried in absentia for their alleged involvement in the attack.<ref name=deccan>{{cite news |title=Dhaka court indicts ex-premier's son for 2004 grenade attack |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/235430/dhaka-court-indicts-ex-premiers.html |newspaper=Deccan Herald |date=18 March 2012 |accessdate=22 March 2013}}</ref> The supplementary charge sheets charges [[HuJI|Huji]], influential leaders of the [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party|BNP]] and the [[Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh|Jamaat]], including former deputy minister [[Abdus Salam Pintu]], former member of parliament [[Kazi Shah Mofazzal Hossain Kaikobad]] and some officials of the Home Ministry, [[Bangladesh Police|police]], [[Directorate General of Forces Intelligence]] (DGFI), [[National Security Intelligence]] (NSI) and Prime Minister's Office (PMO) with involvement in the planning of the bombing.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Tipu|first1=Md Sanaul Islam|title=Prosecutor: AL grenade attack cases may see verdict by December|url=http://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/2015/jul/04/prosecutor-al-grenade-attack-cases-may-see-verdict-december|website=dhakatribune.com|publisher=Dhaka Tribune|accessdate=9 July 2015}}</ref>


⚫
Jamal Ahmed, also known as Joj Mia was coerced into giving a false confession. He was forced to implicate Seven-Star Group, led by Subrata Bain through torture by security forces during [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]] rule.<ref>{{cite news |title=Joj Mia gives deposition |url=http://en.prothom-alo.com/bangladesh/news/54443/Joj-Mia-gives-deposition |newspaper=Prothom Alo |accessdate=9 July 2015}}</ref>
==Cover up==

⚫
Jamal Ahmed, also known as Joj Mia was coerced into giving a false confession. He was forced to implicate Seven-Star Group, led by [[Subrata Bain]] through torture by security forces during [[Bangladesh Nationalist Party]] rule.<ref>{{cite news |title=Joj Mia gives deposition |url=http://en.prothom-alo.com/bangladesh/news/54443/Joj-Mia-gives-deposition |newspaper=Prothom Alo |accessdate=9 July 2015}}</ref>
==Charges and punishments==
On 10 October 2018, a special court, Speedy Trial Tribunal-1, delivered verdicts in relevant cases and accused 49 persons in total.<ref name=unb>{{Cite news|url=http://www.unb.com.bd/category/Bangladesh/verdict-in-aug-21-grenade-attack-cases-babar-salam-among-31-accused-taken-to-court/3929|title=Verdict in Aug 21 grenade attack cases: Babar, Salam among 31 accused taken to court|work=United News of Bangladesh|access-date=2018-10-15|language=en-US|date=2018-10-10}}</ref><ref name=verdict>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thedailystar.net/august-21-carnage/21-august-grenade-attack-verdict-tarique-rahman-awarded-life-1645090|title=August 21 attack: 'State-backed crime' punished|date=2018-10-11|work=The Daily Star|access-date=2018-10-14|language=en|author=Shakhawat Liton, Chaitanya Chandra Halder, Wasim Bin Habib and Tuhin Shubhra Adhikary}}</ref> It ruled the grenade attack "was a well-orchestrated plan, executed through abuse of state power".<ref name=verdict/> Judge Shahed Nuruddin said, "The specialised deadly Arges grenades that are used in wars were blasted at the Awami League's central office on 23 Bangabandhu Avenue in broad daylight with the help of the then state machinery".<ref name=verdict/> On charges of killing through common intention, planning and criminal conspiracy, 38 persons were found guilty.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://bdnews24.com/bangladesh/2018/10/10/grenade-attack-in-2004-was-designed-to-obliterate-awami-league-says-judge|title=Grenade attack in 2004 was designed to ‘obliterate’ Awami League, says judge|access-date=2018-10-14|date=2018-10-10|work=bdnews24.com}}</ref> 19 of them were sentenced to death:

{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
# [[Lutfozzaman Babar]]
# [[Abdus Salam Pintu]]
# [[Rezzakul Haider Chowdhury]]
# General [[Abdur Rahim (general)|Abdur Rahim]]
# Maulana Md Tajuddin
# Md Hanif
# Maulana Sheikh Abdus Salam
# Md Abdul Mazed Bhat (alias Md Yousuf Bhat)
# Abdul Malek (alias Golam Mohammad and GM)
# Maulana Shawkat Hossain (alias Sheikh Farid)
# Mahibullah (alias Mafijur Rahman and Ovi)
# Maulana Abu Sayeed (alias Jafar)
# Abul Kalam Azad (alias Bulbul)
# Md Jahangir Alam
# Hafiz Maulana Abu Taher
# Hossain Ahmed Tamim
# Main Uddin Sheikh (alias Mufti Main, Khajwa, Abu Jandal and Masum Billah)
# Md Rafiqul Iqbal Islam (alias Sabuj, Khalid Saifullah, Shamim and Rashed)
# Md Ujjal (alias Ratan)<ref name=verdict/>
}}
On the same charges, 19 others were given life term in prison sentences:
{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
# [[Tarique Rahman]]
# [[Harris Chowdhury]]
# [[Kazi Shah Mofazzal Hossain Kaikobad]]
# Shahadat Ullah (alias Jewel)
# Abdur Rouf
# Sabbir Ahmed
# Arif Hasan
# Hafez Yahia
# Abu Bokor
# Ariful Islam
# Mohibul Muttakin
# Anisul Mursalin
# Mohammad Khalil
# Jahangir Alam Badar
# Mohammad Iqbal
# Liton
# Shafikur Rahman
# Abdul Hai
# Ratul Ahmed Babu<ref name=verdict/>
}}
All of the 38 were also found guilty of grievously injuring victims through common intention, planning and criminal conspiracy and sentenced to jail for 20 years.<ref name=verdict/>

On the charge for harbouring the offenders, former [[Inspector General of Police|Inspectors General of Police]] Ashraful Huda and Shahudul Haque were sentenced to two years in jail.<ref name=verdict/> For the charges of harbouring and protecting the offenders, [[Saiful Islam Duke]], [[Saiful Islam Joarder]], [[ATM Amin]] were given four years in jail.<ref name=verdict/> For the charge of misleading the investigation and cooking up the "Joj Mia" story, IGP Khoda Baksh, SP of CID Ruhul Amin, ASPs of CID Abdur Rashid and Munshi Atikur Rahman were sentenced to two years in prison.<ref name=verdict/>

Total 18 convicts were on the run at the time of the verdict.<ref name=unb/>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 02:30, 15 October 2018

2004 Dhaka Grenade Attacks
LocationBangabandhu Avenue, Dhaka, Bangladesh
Date21 August 2004
17:22 (UTC+06:00)
TargetAwami League rally in response to 2004 Shah Jalal bombing[1]
Attack type
Grenade
Deaths24
InjuredOver 300

The 2004 Dhaka grenade attack took place at an anti-terrorism rally organised by Awami League on Bangabandhu Avenue on 21 August 2004. The attack left 24 dead and more than 300 injured. The attack was carried out at 5.22 PM after Sheikh Hasina the leader of opposition finished addressing a crowd of 20,000 people from the back of a truck.[2] The attacks targeted Awami League president Sheikh Hasina. Hasina was injured in the attack.[3]

Events and casualties

Awami League chief Sheikh Hasina had been speaking at a public meeting on Bangabandhu Avenue, protesting blasts against the party's workers in Sylhet. The rally drew a crowd of 20,000 people.[4] As Hasina finished her speech, a total of 13 grenades were thrown into the crowd from the rooftops of nearby buildings, killing at least 16 people on spot, later the death toll reached 24. The blast left more than 200 injured. Among the dead were Hasina's bodyguard, Mahbubur Rahman and Awami League Women's Affairs Secretary Ivy Rahman, who died from her injuries three days later.[5]

The Awami League called for a nationwide hartal on 23 and 24 August 2004 following the incident. Begum Khaleda Zia, then Prime Minister of Bangladesh condemned the attacks, and also vowed a thorough probe to catch the culprits.[6]

Investigation

After the attack, a sizable hue and cry were created both nationally and globally. Investigators from the Federal Bureau of Investigation came to Bangladesh with a view to investigating the gruesome attack.

Initial investigation

In 2004, the Bangladesh Nationalist Party-led alliance government assigned Crime Investigation Department of Police to foresee the investigation. They came up with a story that some Joj Miah, also known as Jamal Ahmed from Noakhali district, along with 14 other criminals of Seven Star terrorist group of Subrata Bain attacked the Awami League rally. They met at Moghbazar before the attack, and rehearsed at a remote island before the attack.[7]

On 26 June 2005 Joj Mia confessed his involvement in the crime under section 164, to the magistrate.

Fresh investigation

In 2007, after the military-backed government assumed office, many of the BNP and Awami League leaders were rounded up by the government agencies, and fresh investigation into the case was launched.

After almost one year, in November 2007, Mufti Hannan, a militant leader from Gopalganj who was arrested by the BNP-led government in 2005, revealed that the attack was operated by the militant outfit Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami of which he was a leader. He also admitted that he got support from Maulana Tazuddin, brother of BNP leader and former deputy minister Abdus Salam Pintu while coordinating the attack.[8]

According to his statement, Abdus Salam Pintu had knowledge of the attack.

In 2008, after the detailed investigation, the then CID high official Jabed Patwary concluded that the attack was aimed at killing Sheikh Hasina and was guided by the common grievance of both Mufti Hannan and Abdus Salam Pintu against Sheikh Hasina for her role in “subduing” Islam. The investigation report mentioned that, Abdus Salam Pintu was personally responsible for the attack.

Further investigation

In 2009, Awami League came to office and decided to launch a further investigation into the incident and appointed a retired CID official Abdul Kahar Akhand as the person in charge.

In the same year, Abdul Majed Bhat alias Yusuf Bhat gave a confessional statement with the details regarding the source of grenade used in the attack. He claimed that Muzaffar Ahmad Shah of Tehrik-e-Jihad Islami (TEJI) gave the grenades to Maulana Tajuddin to send those to Indian militant groups. Tajuddin, instead of sending those to India, kept those with him. According to Yusuf Bhat, these grenades were later handed over to Mufti Hannan to carry out the attack.[9]

After two years, in 2011, Mufti Hannan gave another confessional statement implicating many big names, mostly BNP leaders and some former officials of the government including the son of opposition leader and former prime minister Khaleda Zia, Tarique Rahman, former deputy minister Abdus Salam Pintu, former member of parliament Kazi Shah Mofazzal Hossain Kaikobad and some officials of the Home Ministry, police, Directorate General of Forces Intelligence (DGFI), National Security Intelligence (NSI) and Prime Minister's Office (PMO) with involvement in the planning of the bombing.

In the statement, Mufti Hannan claimed that the attack was aimed at destroying the top leadership of Awami League including Sheikh Hasina, and BNP leader Tarique Rahman along with Jamaat leader Ali Ahsan Mohammad Mujahid and the then Home Minister Lutfuzzaman Babor assured them with government support.

Perpetrators

Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami (HUJI) leader Mufti Abdul Hannan was arrested for the grenade attacks in 2005, September 30,[10] and was later charged in connection with it. He reportedly confessed to the attacks in November 2007.[11] He was sentenced to death in December 2008 for attempting to kill Anwar Choudhury in 2004.[12] In March 2012, the son of opposition leader and former prime minister Khaleda Zia, Tarique Rahman, and 28 others were tried in absentia for their alleged involvement in the attack.[13] The supplementary charge sheets charges Huji, influential leaders of the BNP and the Jamaat, including former deputy minister Abdus Salam Pintu, former member of parliament Kazi Shah Mofazzal Hossain Kaikobad and some officials of the Home Ministry, police, Directorate General of Forces Intelligence (DGFI), National Security Intelligence (NSI) and Prime Minister's Office (PMO) with involvement in the planning of the bombing.[14]

Jamal Ahmed, also known as Joj Mia was coerced into giving a false confession. He was forced to implicate Seven-Star Group, led by Subrata Bain through torture by security forces during Bangladesh Nationalist Party rule.[15]

Charges and punishments

On 10 October 2018, a special court, Speedy Trial Tribunal-1, delivered verdicts in relevant cases and accused 49 persons in total.[16][17] It ruled the grenade attack "was a well-orchestrated plan, executed through abuse of state power".[17] Judge Shahed Nuruddin said, "The specialised deadly Arges grenades that are used in wars were blasted at the Awami League's central office on 23 Bangabandhu Avenue in broad daylight with the help of the then state machinery".[17] On charges of killing through common intention, planning and criminal conspiracy, 38 persons were found guilty.[18] 19 of them were sentenced to death:

  1. Lutfozzaman Babar
  2. Abdus Salam Pintu
  3. Rezzakul Haider Chowdhury
  4. General Abdur Rahim
  5. Maulana Md Tajuddin
  6. Md Hanif
  7. Maulana Sheikh Abdus Salam
  8. Md Abdul Mazed Bhat (alias Md Yousuf Bhat)
  9. Abdul Malek (alias Golam Mohammad and GM)
  10. Maulana Shawkat Hossain (alias Sheikh Farid)
  11. Mahibullah (alias Mafijur Rahman and Ovi)
  12. Maulana Abu Sayeed (alias Jafar)
  13. Abul Kalam Azad (alias Bulbul)
  14. Md Jahangir Alam
  15. Hafiz Maulana Abu Taher
  16. Hossain Ahmed Tamim
  17. Main Uddin Sheikh (alias Mufti Main, Khajwa, Abu Jandal and Masum Billah)
  18. Md Rafiqul Iqbal Islam (alias Sabuj, Khalid Saifullah, Shamim and Rashed)
  19. Md Ujjal (alias Ratan)[17]

On the same charges, 19 others were given life term in prison sentences:

  1. Tarique Rahman
  2. Harris Chowdhury
  3. Kazi Shah Mofazzal Hossain Kaikobad
  4. Shahadat Ullah (alias Jewel)
  5. Abdur Rouf
  6. Sabbir Ahmed
  7. Arif Hasan
  8. Hafez Yahia
  9. Abu Bokor
  10. Ariful Islam
  11. Mohibul Muttakin
  12. Anisul Mursalin
  13. Mohammad Khalil
  14. Jahangir Alam Badar
  15. Mohammad Iqbal
  16. Liton
  17. Shafikur Rahman
  18. Abdul Hai
  19. Ratul Ahmed Babu[17]

All of the 38 were also found guilty of grievously injuring victims through common intention, planning and criminal conspiracy and sentenced to jail for 20 years.[17]

On the charge for harbouring the offenders, former Inspectors General of Police Ashraful Huda and Shahudul Haque were sentenced to two years in jail.[17] For the charges of harbouring and protecting the offenders, Saiful Islam Duke, Saiful Islam Joarder, ATM Amin were given four years in jail.[17] For the charge of misleading the investigation and cooking up the "Joj Mia" story, IGP Khoda Baksh, SP of CID Ruhul Amin, ASPs of CID Abdur Rashid and Munshi Atikur Rahman were sentenced to two years in prison.[17]

Total 18 convicts were on the run at the time of the verdict.[16]

References

  1. ^ "Blasts hit Bangladesh party rally". BBC.
  2. ^ Bhattacharjee, Partha (21 August 2014). "Back from death, only to suffer". The Daily Star. Retrieved 20 September 2014.
  3. ^ Sultan, Tipu; Karmakar, Prasanta. "10 years of 21 August grenade attack". Prothom Alo. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  4. ^ Adiga, Aravind (30 August 2004). "Bangladesh: A democracy is shaken". TIME. Retrieved 20 March 2013.
  5. ^ "End of a fight - Ivy dies from her wounds after 58 hours". The Daily Star. 5 August 2004.
  6. ^ "Bangladesh awakes in shock as blast toll hits 18". The Age.
  7. ^ "Joj Mia gives deposition". en.prothomalo.com. Prothom Alo. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
  8. ^ "Huji boss Hannan admits to Aug 21 grenade attack". Bangladesh News. 2 November 2007. Archived from the original on 16 March 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  9. ^ Dipu, Sarwar. "Pakistani militant Yusuf Bhat's 'Bangladesh Mission'". dhakatribune.com. Dhaka Tribune. Retrieved 10 October 2018.
  10. ^ "Mufti Hannan arrested". bdnews24.com. Retrieved 21 June 2016.
  11. ^ "Huji boss Hannan admits to Aug 21 grenade attack". Bangladesh News. 2 November 2007. Archived from the original on 16 March 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ Uttam Khan (23 December 2008). "Three Bangladeshis to hang for attack on British envoy". The Age. Retrieved 20 March 2013.
  13. ^ "Dhaka court indicts ex-premier's son for 2004 grenade attack". Deccan Herald. 18 March 2012. Retrieved 22 March 2013.
  14. ^ Tipu, Md Sanaul Islam. "Prosecutor: AL grenade attack cases may see verdict by December". dhakatribune.com. Dhaka Tribune. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  15. ^ "Joj Mia gives deposition". Prothom Alo. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
  16. ^ a b "Verdict in Aug 21 grenade attack cases: Babar, Salam among 31 accused taken to court". United News of Bangladesh. 10 October 2018. Retrieved 15 October 2018.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i Shakhawat Liton, Chaitanya Chandra Halder, Wasim Bin Habib and Tuhin Shubhra Adhikary (11 October 2018). "August 21 attack: 'State-backed crime' punished". The Daily Star. Retrieved 14 October 2018.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  18. ^ "Grenade attack in 2004 was designed to 'obliterate' Awami League, says judge". bdnews24.com. 10 October 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2018.
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